[ AJJ U ook

ISLAMIC HERITAGE CENTER

WORKSHOP

1
 CHAPTER ONE
DEFINITION OF HAJJ
The term Hajj has both a linguistic & Applied definition:

• The linguistic meaning of the word Hajj in Arabic is to set out with the intention of
devotion to a sacred place.

• As an Islamic term, it denotes setting out for purpose of pilgrimage to the Sacred House
in Makkah in order to perform the specific rites such as Tawaf and Sa`i and standing at
the plains of `Arafah, among other rituals.

• Hajj is one of the very old practices, it was said that Adam (Peace be upon him)
performed pilgrimage and the angels congratulated him.

CHAPTER TWO
OBLIGATION OF HAJJ
• Hajj is one of the five pillars that Islam is built upon; Allah, the Exalted, says: "And Hajj
to the House is a duty that mankind owes to Allah, those who can afford the expenses;
and whoever disbelieves [i.e., denies Hajj (pilgrimage to Makkah), then he is a
disbeliever of Allah], then Allah stands not in need of any of the `Alamin (mankind, jinn
and all that exists).'' (3:97)

• Ibn `Umar (May Allah be pleased with them) reported: The Messenger of Allah (Peace
Be Upon Him) said, "(The superstructure of) Islam is based on five (pillars), and
mentioned the pilgrimage to the House.'' [Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

• Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (Peace
Be Upon Him) delivered a Khutbah and said, "O people! Hajj (pilgrimage to the House
of Allah) has been made incumbent upon you, so perform Hajj.''

• In so doing, Hajj is compulsory at least once in a lifetime for those who have the means.

2
 • It was narrated by Ali that he said, “whomsoever has the ability to perform Hajj, and did
not perform it, then let him/her die as either a Christian or a Jewish.

MERITS OF HAJJ
• Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (Peace
Be Upon Him) said, "Whoever performs Hajj (pilgrimage) and does not have sexual
relations (with his wife), nor commits sin, nor disputes unjustly (during Hajj), then he
returns from Hajj as pure and free from sins as on the day on which his mother gave birth
to him.'' [Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

• Abu Hurairah (May Allah be pleased with him) reported: The Messenger of Allah (Peace
Be Upon Him) said, "(The performance of) `Umrah is an expiation for the sins
committed between it and the previous `Umrah; and the reward of Hajj Mabrur (i.e., one
accepted) is nothing but Jannah.'' [Al-Bukhari and Muslim].

• ‘Abd-Allaah ibn Mas’ood said: the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah
be upon him) said: “Keep on doing Hajj and ‘Umrah, for they eliminate poverty and sin
just as the bellows eliminate impurities from iron and gold and silver.” (Narrated by al-
Tirmidhi, 810; al-Nasaa’i, 2631. The hadeeth was classed as saheeh by al-Albaani – may
Allaah have mercy on him – in al-Silsilah al-Saheehah, 1200).

CHAPTER THREE
UPON WHOM IS IT OBLIGATORY TO PERFORM HAJJ
Hajj is obligated upon:
• A Sane Adult Muslim,
• A Free Person
• Has the necessary power and ability
• Hajj is not obligatory for children, the sick, and those who are unable to bear the
expenses for Hajj.

3
 CHAPTER FOUR
HAJJ OF THE DISBELIEVER, INSANE, A MINOR, AND A SLAVE
• It not obligated upon the disbeliever to perform Hajj, because he is not asked to perform
the secondary actions of Islam since the main foundation is not present, which is believe.
• If the disbelievers performs Hajj, his Hajj will not count and still has to perform Hajj if
he/she were ever to embrace Islam and has the means.
• What if the person performs Hajj, exits Islam, and returns back to Islam, does he/she
have to perform Hajj once again?
• Hajj is also not obligated upon the insane or the mentally ill person.
• Though Hajj is not compulsory for the minor or the slave, it is quite valid if they perform
one, but it will not suffice them as regards to the Hajj prescribed in Islam.
• The Hajj of the slave.
• Ibn 'Abbas reports: "The Prophet (peace be upon him) said: 'Any minor (child) who
performs Hajj must perform it again after coming of age; any slave who performs Hajj
and is then freed, must perform his Hajj again'." (Reported by At-Tabarani on sound
authority)
• "All scholars agree that if a minor performs Hajj, he must repeat his Hajj upon coming of
age. Likewise a slave who performs Hajj, and thereafter gains his freedom, must also
repeat his Hajj if he is in a position to do so." Statement of AlTirmithiee

CHAPTER FIVE
DEFINITION OF ABILITY IN ISLAM
• Hajj is an obligation upon those who have the ability to do so, and here, we will define
and understand the limit of “ability” in Islam.
• To sum, the “Hajj Ability” is the physical, and financial ability with the present of NO
Islamic preventions, and following are the details.
• Physical Ability means that the body is healthy and free from any disability, If one is
disabled by old age or a disease that is incurable or is unable to perform Hajj for some
other similar reason, he may, if he is financially capable, assign someone else to perform

4
 Hajj on his behalf and at his expense. This will be discussed further later in the
presentation.
• Financial Ability: One must possess the necessary provision and also the requisite means
of journey. Necessary provision here means that the intending pilgrim must have
sufficient supplies for himself as well as for his family that he leaves behind. These
supplies include sufficient and adequate clothing, housing, means of traveling, and tools
for the pursuit of his trade or profession, besides the financial means for the journey.

• Means of Traveling:
o Means of traveling imply that which enables him to go to Hajj and come back,
whether it is by land, by sea, or by air.
o Safety:
o There must be no obstruction which may prevent people from undertaking the
journey for Hajj, like fear of torture or imprisonment by a tyrannical ruler, or the
insecurity of the road .

CHAPTER SIX

HAJJ OF A MAN ON BEHALF OF A WOMAN AND VICE-VERSA

It is allowed that a man performs Hajj on behalf of a woman, as well as it is also allowed for
a woman to perform Hajj on behalf of a man, as the Messenger of Allah (Peace be upon
him) order a woman to perform Hajj on behalf of her father.

HAJJ ON BEHALF OF OTHERS WITHOUT THEIR PERMISSION

(LIVE & DECEASED)
It is not allowed to perform Ummarah or Hajj on behalf of the living one whether it is an
obligation or voluntary Hajj without their permission due to the fact that it is act of worship,
so it cannot be done on behalf of the adult with a sound mind, unless he/she agrees. For the
deceased, it is allowed to be done whether it is indeed an obligated or voluntary Hajj.

5
 CAN A PERSON PERFORMS HAJJ ON BEHALF OF OTHERS
BEFORE PERFORMING THEIR OWN?
Before performing Hajj on behalf of someone else, a person must have performed his own
Hajj. This is based on the hadith in which Ibn 'Abbas narrates that the Prophet (peace be
upon him) heard a man saying: "O Allah! Here I am in response to Your call on behalf of
Shabrumah." The Prophet (peace be upon him) asked him: "Have you performed your own
Hajj?" He replied: " No", whereupon the Prophet (peace be upon him) told him: "You must
perform Hajj on your own behalf first, and then for Shabrumah." (Abu Daw'ud and Ibn
Majah) Al-Baihaqi says: "Its chain of authorities is sound, and in this regard it is the most
genuine report." Most of the scholars hold that it is not proper for a person to perform Hajj
on behalf of others prior to performing it on his own behalf, whether or not he is able or
unable to do so.

HE WHO DIES WITHOUT PERFORMING OBLIGATORY HAJJ

• If a person dies before performing obligatory Hajj or if one vowed to perform Hajj but
died before fulfilling one' s vow, his heir must assign someone to perform Hajj on behalf
of the deceased. All the ensuing expenses in this regard must be paid out of the
deceased's property, as indeed this a debt left behind him.

• Ibn 'Abbas narrates that a woman from the tribe of Johainah came to the Prophet (peace
be upon him) and said: "My mother had vowed to perform Hajj but she died before
fulfilling her vow, should I perform Hajj on her behalf? The Prophet (peace be upon him)
said: "Yes, perform Hajj on her behalf. Would you not pay off any debts your mother
might have left behind upon her death? Pay off what you owe to Allah, for He is most
deserving of settlement of His debt." (Bukhari)

• Ibn 'Abbas, Zaid bin Thabit, Abu Hurairah, and Ash-Shafi'i hold this opinion. They
consider that the expenses of the substitute (the hired person) must be paid out of the
wealth of the deceased before dividing it up among his heirs.

• Imam Malik says: "A person may perform Hajj on behalf of the deceased only if the
deceased leaves a will to that effect. If the deceased leaves no such will, then a Hajj on
his behalf may not be performed, for this worship involves, more than anything else,
physical exertion and struggle and as such, no other person can replace or substitute
another person. If a deceased makes a will regarding it, then Hajj may be performed,
meeting all its cost from out of one third of the share of his heritage."

6
 TERMS
• Obligatory Hajj: Hajj to fulfill the pillar of Islam. Once in a life time.
• Vow Hajj: Hajj as a personal promise, i.e. if I get this job I will perform Hajj as thanks to
Allah
• Voluntary Hajj: Obligatory Hajj has been fulfilled, therefore any Hajj afterwards for self
is voluntary.

HAJJ IN FULFILLMENT OF A VOW OR VOLUNTARY WHILE

HAVING TO PERFORM OBLIGATORY HAJJ
• If a person performs Hajj in fulfillment of a vow or voluntary Hajj, while he has yet to
perform the Obligatory Hajj, then it should suffice him (and absolve him) for the
Obligatory Hajj.
• Imam Malik, Thawrey, Abu Haniefa, Isihaq, and Ibn Munthir state that whatever he/she
intends will take place, as narrated by Ahmed “If he intends Voluntary, voluntary Hajj
will be written and so for the fulfillment of a vow.
• Same rule applies on those who perform on behalf of others, meaning, if he/she performs
on behalf of others before they perform their Obligatory Hajj, it will be written for them
as their Obligatory Hajj, and the same applies for the vow fulfillment and Ummarah.
• Ibn Umar, Anas, Atta’, and Ahmed agree that if a person performs Hajj in fulfillment of
a vow or voluntary Hajj, while he has yet to perform the Obligatory Hajj, then it should
suffice him (and absolve him) for the Obligatory Hajj, and the vow fulfillment Hajj is
still left for him to perform.

7
 CHAPTER SEVEN
PREPARING FOR THE PILGRIMAGE TO THE HOUSE
The person intends to perform Hajj or Ummarah or both has some duties that must be fulfilled
before leaving:
1. Repenting: He/she has to repent to Allah (Subhanhu Wa-Tala) with sincere and truthful
repentance, seeking Allah’s reward and protection from His punishment. Indeed, he/she
does not know whether they will return home safe or not. Repentance is required at all
times, and the conditions of repentance are three:
o Leaving the sin;
o Remorse over having committed the sin;
o Resolve never to return to the sin;

These apply if the rights violated were between the servant of Allah and
Allah only, however if it relates to the rights of another person, then he
should hasten to free himself from it, whether by returning it back to him or
seeking his forgiveness and pardon.
2. Writing of one's will, as travel exposes one to a range of dangers.
3. Using Halal provision, for provision obtained through Haram sources is from matters that
cause one's worship not to be accepted, and some scholars agreed that performing Hajj
from Haram provision will not be accepted.
4. Traveling on a Thursday, if possible, as the Prophet (Peace be upon him) used to do.
5. To select the righteous company that will help the person better worship Allah.
6. To visit his friends before leaving asking for their Dua’ (Supplication) and also make
Dua’ for them as the Prophet (Peace be upon him) order a man once who was travelling
to Bahrain.
7. It is also preferred that the person says the Supplications of Travelling.
8. To be a helpful, kind, humble person to companions during the journey.

CHAPTER EIGHT
FIXED TIMES FOR IHRAM
• Allah (Subhanuh Wa-Talaa) Says: "For Hajj are the months well-known." (Qur'an 2.197)
o This refers to the specific period of time when the rites of Hajj have to be
performed to be valid. This is clear from the words of Allah: "They ask you
concerning the new moons. Say: They are but signs to mark fixed periods of time
8
 (in the affairs of) men, and for Hajj”. The months of Hajj are the months of
Shawwal, Zhul-Qui'dah, and the first ten days of Zhul-Hijjah.
o Ibn 'Umar said, "The months of Hajj are Shawwal, Zhul-Qui'dah and ten days of
Zhul-Hijjah." Ibn 'Abbas said: "The sunnah is to declare one's intention and to put
on ihram with the intention of performing Hajj during the months of Hajj."
(Bukhari)

FIXED PLACES FOR PUTTING ON IHRAM

Mawaqit of place are the specific places where a pilgrim or a person intending to visit
Makkah for 'Umrah or Hajj must declare his intention to do so and put on ihram, the
pilgrim garb. Anyone intending to perform Hajj or 'Umrah must not pass beyond these
places without ihram.

The Prophet (peace be upon him) himself specified these places:

• For the people of Madinah the miqat (singular of mawaqit) is ZhalHalaifah, a place
450 kilometres to the north of Makkah, from where they must declare their intention
and put on the ihram, the Hajj garb.
• For those coming from Syria, Jordan, Palestine and Lebanon, the miqat is Al-Juhfah,
a place 187 kilometres to the north-west of Makkah, and close to Rabigh, which is
204 kilometres from Makkah. Rabigh became the miqat for the people coming from
Syria and Egypt, after the settlement of Al-Juhfah disappeared completely.
• The miqat for people of Najd is Qarn al Manazil, a mountain 94 kilometres to the east
of Makkah, overlooking 'Arafah.
• Yalamlam, a mountain 54 kilometres to the south of Makkah is the miqat for those
coming from Yemen. Here they must declare their intention and put on ihram.
• For the people of Iraq, the miqat is Zhat Irq, a place 94 kilometres to the north-east of
Makkah.
• These places were fixed by the Prophet (peace be upon him) himself for all those who
pass by them whether they come from these specific areas or some other areas. The
Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "These places are for the people (coming from the
above specified countries) as well as for others who pass by them on their way to
perform Hajj or 'Umrah." For a person who is present in Makkah and intends to
perform Hajj, like the residents of Makkah, his miqat would be the place where he is
staying in Makkah. However, if such a one intended to perform 'Umrah, then he
should go to Al-Khol or At-Tan'im, for that is his miqat for 'Umrah., meaning he
should go there and make his ihram for 'Umrah.
• A person who is a resident in an area between the miqat and Makkah, may make
ihram from his house.

9
 CHAPTER NINE
TYPES OF IHRAM
Ihram is of three kinds:
 Tamattu' (combining both Hajj and 'Umrah with a break in between).
 Qiran (combining both 'Umrah and Hajj), and
 Ifrad (Hajj only).

TAMATTU' (COMBINING BOTH HAJJ AND 'UMRAH WITH A

BREAK IN BETWEEN)
Tamattu' means performing 'Umrah during the Hajj season, and then subsequently making Hajj
the same year. It is called tamattu' (or enjoyment) due to the fact that a pilgrim has the added
advantage of performing Hajj and 'Umrah in the same journey without having to go back home,
and also because such a pilgrim after the 'Umrah, enjoys normal life; he can wear his usual
clothes, apply perfume, and do other things until the 8th of Zhul-Hijjah (Day of Tarweeah) when
he once again puts on his Hajj garb for the Hajj.

QIRAN - COMBINING HAJJ AND 'UMRAH

A pilgrim declares his intention to perform both Hajj and 'Umrah together, and says when doing
talbiyah, "O Allah, I answer your call to perform Hajj and 'Umrah." Such a pilgrim is required
to remain in the state of ihram until he has performed all the rites of 'Umrah and Hajj. Or, for
this kind of ihram, a pilgrim may declare his intention to perform 'Umrah and later, before
making the Tawaf around Ka'bah, make his intention to perform Hajj as well. Muqiran has to
bring the sacrificial animal with him.

10
 IFRAD (OR HAJJ ONLY)
Ifrad means a pilgrim intending to perform Hajj only. While making talbiyah he or she should
say, Labbaik bihajj "(O Allah, I answer your call to perform Hajj)," and must keep his or her
Hajj garb until all the rites of Hajj are completed. Then, if such a pilgrim desires, he or she may
perform 'Umrah.

BEST TYPE
The best type of the three is Tamattu’ as the Prophet (peace be upon him) ordered his
companions to perform it.

'Ata said, "I heard Jabir ibn Abdullah saying, 'We (the Companions) declared our intention to
perform Hajj only. On the 4th of Zhul-Hijjah the Prophet (peace be upon him) commanded us to
terminate our state of ihram, saying, "Terminate your state of ihram and go to your wives." He
did not, however, oblige us to do so but he permitted us. We said: 'There are only five days left
to the Day of 'Arafah. Shall we go to 'Arafah while semen is dribbling from our male organs?"
The Prophet (peace be upon him) stood up and said: "You know that I fear Allah the most, and
that I am the most truthful, and the most pious amongst you. If I had not brought my sacrificial
animals with me, I also would have terminated my state of ihram. If I were to again come (to
Makkah), I shall not bring the sacrificial animals with me. So terminate your state of ihram." At
this we terminated our state of ihram; we listened to and obeyed (the Prophet)." This was
reported by Muslim.

11
 CHAPTER TEN
PILLARS OF HAJJ
Definition of Pillar:
Pillars of Hajj are four:
• Ihraam: The intention needed to enter the state of Ihram, without it Hajj will not
count due to the statement of the prophet (peace be upon him) said, “action are
based upon intentions.”
• Ifadah Tawaaf or Circumambulating: Tawaaf is the action of circuiting and
circumambulating seven times around the Ka'bah in an anti-clockwise direction.
Allah Almighty says, "Then let them complete the rites prescribed for them,
perform their vows, and (again) circumambulate the Ancient House." (22:29)
• Sa'y between as-Safaa and al-Marwa: Sa'y is to walk between as-Safaa and al-
Marwa hills back and forth with the intention of dedicating this act of obedience
to Allah. Allah (Subhanhu Wa-Taliaa) says, "Behold! As-Safaa and al-Marwa
are among the Symbols of Allah. So if those who visit the House in the Season
or at other times, should compass them round, it is no sin in them. And if any
one obeys his own impulse to Good, be sure that Allah is He Who recognizes
and knows." (2:158)
• Standing in Arafah: The Prophet (Peace be upon him ) said, "Hajj is 'Arafah."
[Ahmad and at-Tirmidhi].

OBLIGATION (WA-JIBAT) OF HAJJ

• Obligatory: Necessary ritual means whatever ritual a pilgrim must observe and if not, he
should offer a sacrificial animal.

• The Seven Obligations of Hajj:

1. Performing Ihram from Miqat
2. Standing in `Arafah
3. Spending one night in Muzdalifah
4. Spending the nights in Mina (during the Days of Tashreeq)
5. Shaving the head or cutting hair short (shaving is recommended)
6. Throwing pebbles (according to their order)
7. Farewell Circumambulation

12
 CHAPTER ELEVEN
PERFORMING HAJJ
• During the forenoon of the Day of Tarweeah (8th Day of Zuh-AlHijja) The pilgrim leaves
to Mina,
• It is Sunnah to move to Mina on the 8th of Zhul-Hijjah. So all pilgrims, who are
performing Hajj Qiran or Hajj Ifrad, should proceed in their ihram to it. Those
performing Hajj Tamattu' should on that day put on ihram (as they did the first time at
the miqat and proceed to Mina with others. According to sunnah a pilgrim performing
Hajj Tamattu' should put on his ihram from the place of his stay. If he is in Makkah he
should assume ihram from Makkah, otherwise he may assume ihram from wherever he is
staying.
• It is commended that one should make supplications and say talbiyah as much as
possible while moving to Mina, and should offer Zuhr, 'Asr, Maghrib and Isha prayers at
Mina at their times, but shortened them, and spend the night there, and not depart from it
until the sunrise of the ninth day of Zhul-Hijjah. following the example of the Prophet
(peace be upon him).
• After the sunrise of the 9th day of Zhul-Hijjah, it is sunnah to leave for Arafah while
saying takbir (Allahu Akbar), tahlil (La ilaha il-lal-lah), and talbiyah (Labaika
Allahumma lab-baik).
• It is desirable to stop at Namira and make ablution or take a bath in preparation for one's
stay at Arafah.
• After arriving at Arafah, the pilgrim is to pray Zuhr and Asr at the time of Zuhr. Both
joining and shortening the prayers.
• After making sure that he/she is inside the borders of Arafah, the Pilgrim is to use the
time (until sunset) remembering Allah by either reading Qur’an, making Zikir, or
supplicating facing the Qibilah, asking Allah for the good of this life and the hereafter,
knowing that the best Doaa is the Doaa of the Day of Arafah.
• A pilgrim may spend the Day of Arafah anywhere within the bounds of Arafah for all of
it is equally good for encamping
• According to Sunnah, pilgrims should leave Arafah quietly and peacefully after sunset.
The Prophet (peace be upon him) left Arafah very peacefully and quietly, holding the
reins of his she camel so tightly that its head touched its back, while he said to the
people, "O people, walk calmly; rushing or making haste is not a virtue." This is reported
by Bukhari and Muslim.
• It is desirable for pilgrims to say talbiyah and make remembrance of Allah as much as
possible.
• Upon arriving in Muzdalifah the Prophet (peace be upon him) offered Maghrib and two
rak'ahs for 'Isha (making qasr). He ordered one single call (Athan) for both 'Isha and
Maghrib, but a separate iqamah for each. He did not offer any other prayer in between

13
 the two. Following, the pilgrim is to sleep and wake up for Fajir of the 10th of Zuh-Al-
Hijja.
• Before sunrise, the pilgrims leave Muzdalifah for Mina while making Talbyaa, except for
the excused once such as women, the weak, and children, as they may leave before
during the last part of the night.
• When pilgrims pass through the valley called Muhassir, they should pass it at a quicker
pace.
• The rites of the 10th of Zhul-Hijjah are performed in the following order:
• These rites begin with throwing the pebbles (Ramie El-Jammarat), followed by offering
the sacrifice (if required), shaving one's head, performing Tawaf AlIfadah around
Ka'bah.
• The pilgrims are to take seven pebbles (no bigger than the size of a pea). When they
reach the Great Jamarah Al-Aqabah, they stop the Talpiya and throw the pebbles making
Takbier (Saying Allahu Akber) with each one. The best time to throw the pebbles is
forenoon, because the Prophet (peace be upon him) threw the pebbles before noon on
that day.
• After throwing the pebbles on the 10th day of Zhul-Hijjah, offering the sacrifice (If due
upon the pilgrim) and shaving the head or shorten for a man (for women: cut about the
length of the tip of a finger), a pilgrim is released from all restrictions of the state of
ihram. They may now wear perfume, put on regular clothes, etc., except approaching his
wife sexually. This is known as the first removal of ihram.
• The pilgrim is then to go to Mekkah and perform Tawaf Al-Ifadah, as it is an essential
element of Hajj.
• The pilgrim will circumambulate the Kaaba seven times and then offer prayers (rakaat)
behind Maqam Ibrahim. Following, he/she will then perform Sa'y between Safa and
Marwah, if they are performing Tamattu only, since their first Sa’y was for their
Ummarh (One of the types of Hajj).
• Drink water from the Well of Zamzam.
• As soon as the pilgrim completes Tawaf al-Ifadha, the state of Ihram is completely ended
and all restrictions are lifted including those relating to sexual relations with one's
spouse. This is called the second or final removal of the state of ihram.
• The pilgrim is then to return to Mina for the rest of the 10th, and 11th - 13th of Dhu'l-
Hijjah: The pilgrim will stone the three pillars in a set order, performing ramy al-sughra,
ramy al-wusta and ramy al- kubra. The time appointed for throwing pebbles during the
three days is from midday until sunset. Ibn 'Abbas reported that the Prophet (peace be
upon him) threw the pebbles at midday or thereafter.”
• It is desirable to stand facing the Qiblah, to praise Allah, while supplicating to Him for
forgiveness for oneself, and for other fellow Muslims. Ahmad and Bukhari reproted that
the Prophet (peace be upon him) threw pebbles at the Small Jamarah, which is near the
mosque, he said, Allahu Akbar with each throw,
• Then he went, turned left toward the bottom of the valley. There he stood for quite a long
time facing the direction of Qiblah, and raising his hands and supplicated to Allah. Then

14
 he went and threw seven pebbles at the Middle Jamarah saying Allahu Akbar with each
throw.
• Thereafter he went to the left of the bottom of the valley, stood there facing Qiblah and
supplicated to Allah with raised hands. Then he went to the Great Jamarah near Aqabah,
threw seven pebbles at it, saying Allahu Akber with each throw. After this he left and did
not pause.
• According to this hadith the Prophet (peace be upon him) did not pause after throwing
pebbles at the Jamarah Al-Aqabah, but he did pause after throwing pebbles at the other
two Jamarahs.
• The pilgrims must throw pebbles unless a valid reason is present, illness, etc., which
prevents them from the throwing the pebbles themselves.
• They may ask someone else to throw pebbles on their behalf. Jabir said, "We performed
Hajj with the Prophet (peace be upon him) and we had some women and children with
us. We (adults) uttered Talbiyah and threw pebbles on behalf of the children." This was
reported by Ibn Majah.
• But the physically fit amongst men and women must perform it themselves.
• Spending three nights or two nights, the 11th and 12th of Zhul-Hijjah, at Mina is
necessary (Wajib).
• At Mina, the pilgrim is to pray all prayers at their proper times, shortened.
• If a pilgrim has to leave on the 12th, he/she must exit Mina before sunset, or else he/she
will be required to stay until the 13th, unless there is an excuse that prevents the pilgrim
from leaving.
• When the pilgrim finishes the Days of Tashrieq, he/she must perform the Farewell
Tawaf.
• Farewell Tawaf in the Holy City of Makkah, this is the final Tawaf before the pilgrim
leaves the Holy City of Makkah. It marks the end of your Hajj, and it has to be the last
action done before leaving Makkah. Sa’y is not a part of the Farewell Tawaf.
• Let the Farewell Tawaf be the last thing you do in Makkah.

15
 CHAPTER TWELVE
PROHIBITIONS DURING THE PILGRIMAGE
1. Clipping nails, shaving, cutting or removing hair by any means, from the head or any part of
the body, as Allah Stated, “Allah says: "And do not shave your heads until the offering
reaches the place of sacrifice." (Qur'an 2.196)

2. To use perfume or apply it on ones clothes. Perfumes like Saffron, Camphor, Cloves,
Cardamom, Amber and all their uses are forbidden.

3. Contracting a Marriage, or Acting on Behalf of Others, or Acting as a Guardian for

Someone: such a marriage contract is invalid, null and void, and is not binding as reported in
a hadith transmitted by Muslim and others. It is reported that 'Uthman ibn 'Affan said: The
Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "A muhrim must not contract marriage, nor help others
contract marriage, nor get engaged for marriage." Malik, Ash-Shafi'i, Ahmad, and Ishaq are
also of the same opinion. They hold that it is not permissible for a muhrim to contract a
marriage and regard any marriage thus contracted as invalid. Tirmizhi has also reported it
but without the words "nor get engaged for marriage." Tirmizhi considers this a sound hadith
and remarks that the Companions of the Prophet (peace be upon him) practiced it.

4. Sexual intercourse, or any acts of courtship, which would arouse sexual desire, is forbidden.
Even lustful glance at ones own wife or husband or any other lady or man who is Na-
Mahram is forbidden. The expiation is one camel or a cow or a sheep in that order of
affordability.
a. Kissing one's wife or any other woman with lust and semen is discharged; the
expiation is one camel that has completed 5 years. If it is done without lust the
expiation is one sheep.
b. Touching one's wife or any other woman with lust, the expiation is one sheep. If it is
without lust then there is no expiation.
c. Romancing with one's wife or any other woman as a result of which semen is
discharged the expiation is one camel that has completed 5 years. Likewise, for
looking at a strange woman with or without lust as a result of which semen is
discharged the expiation is a camel that has completed 5 years, if he is rich, a cow if
he is middle class, a sheep if he is poor. As Allah states in the Qur’an: “"So during
Hajj there should not be obscenity, nor wickedness, nor wrangling." (2-197)

5. Hunting (Game of the Land) is forbidden during the pilgrimage days. If the pilgrim hunts
during these days then he has to offer the sacrifice of one animal. If he has hunted deer then
a lamb should be sacrificed and if an ostrich is hunted then a camel should be sacrificed. If
one cannot offer a sacrifice then he should feed six poor people and if that is not possible the
he should fast for three days. Allah says in the Holy Quran: “O ye who believe! Kill not
game while you are in a state of pilgrimage. And whoso amongst you kills it intentionally,
its compensation is a quadruped like unto that which he has killed, as determined by two just

16
 men from among you, the dame to be brought as an offering to the Kaaba; or as an expiation
he shall have to feed a number of poor persons, or fast an equivalent number of days, so that
he may taste the penalty of his deed. As for the past, Allah forgives it; but whoso reverts to
it, Allah will punish him for his offense. And Allah is Mighty, Lord of retribution. * The
game of the sea and the eating thereof have been made lawful for you as a provision for you
and the travelers, but forbidden to you is the game of land as long as you are in a state of
pilgrimage.” (5:95-96)
a. However, the pilgrim is allowed to kill scorpions, pythons, poisonous snakes and rats,
or if attacked by a wild animal they are allowed to kill it.

6. Allah says: “The pilgrimage is (in) the well-known months, and whoever is minded to
perform the pilgrimage therein (let him remember that) there is (to be) no lewdness
nor abuse nor angry conversation on the pilgrimage.” (Al-Baqarah 2:197)
This verse points out three main aspects related to Hajj:
The prohibition of lewdness (rafath) during Hajj
The Arabic word rafath "lewdness" refers t o sexual intercourse
and whatever is related to it, such as foreplay and kissing. That is
to say, a pilgrim is prohibited to have sexual intercourse or the like
with his or her spouse during the performance of Hajj.
 The prohibition of abuse (fusuq) during Hajj
 The Arabic word fusuq "abuse" refers to disobedience to Almighty
Allah, Exalted and Glorified be He, whether such disobedience is
related to the state of ihram or to whatever is prohibited by Allah in
general.

 The prohibition of angry conversation (jidal) during Hajj

 There must be no argument (jidal).

7. The following pertains specifically to men:

 Wearing any sewn clothes, such as a shirt, hooded robes, cloak, underpants or
wrapping anything around the head, a cap or a fez, etc. Likewise one is not
permitted to wear clothes dyed with a nice fragrant dye or to wear shoes or sewn
slippers.
 Ibn 'Umar reported that the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "A person in a state
of ihram is not allowed to wear a sewn shirt, a turban, a hooded robe, underpants,
a cloth that has been dyed with sweet smelling fragrance (such as saffron), shoes
or sewn slippers, unless one is unable to find regular unsewn slippers, then one
may wear his shoes provided one cuts them down to the ankles." This was
reported by Bukhari and Muslim. There is agreement among the scholars that
these restrictions apply to men only.

8. As for a woman pilgrims, they may wear all of the above. But she is forbidden to use
perfumed clothes, a veil that covers the face, and gloves.

17
 CHAPTER THIRTEEN
PENALTY FOR VIOLATING SANCTITY OF IHRAM
The following rules apply if the sanctity of Ihram is violated:
• If done unintentionally, out of ignorance, forgotten, or out of force, no sin/expiation is
due

• A Muhrim who for a genuine reason is compelled to violate any of the restrictions of
ihram, like shaving his head, wearing sewn clothes because of cold or heat or something
else, with the exception of having sexual intercourse with his spouse, he may do so, but
he will have to give Kafarra (expiation).

• Ali, 'Umar and Abu Hurairah issued a verdict concerning a man who had sexual
intercourse with his wife in the state of ihram. In this verdict they said: "They both must
complete their Hajj, but must also make another Hajj the following year and slaughter an
animal.“

• If the violation was done intentionally or purposely and without any valid excuse, then
the pilgrim must repent to Allah, and an expiation is due.

18
 CHAPTER FOURTEEN
WHAT IS PERMISSIBLE DURING HAJJ?
1. Killing the Five Vicious Animals and Others that are Harmful 'Aishah reported that the
Prophet (peace be upon him) said: "Five of the animals are vicious and they may be
killed in the sacred precincts of Haram: the crow, the kite, the scorpion, the mouse, and
the ravenous dog. This is reported by Muslim and Bukhari, who added "(and) the snake."

2. Wearing sandals, even if the pilgrim was barefooted during Ihram.

3. Holding the Izar (male lower garment) with belt to prevent it from falling, or wearing a
belt pocket around the waist to keep one's money.

4. Wearing a watch, glasses, or ring.

5. Washing the Ihram clothes and changing by a Muhrim if needed.

6. Taking a Bath when needed, with a no-fragrance soap. Also, the pilgrim may itch the
head and body gently if needed.

7. Carrying the luggage over the head, as long as the pilgrim does not intend to cover the
head.

8. Sitting under the shade of an umbrella, tent, roof, etc.

9. Performing Hijamah: is the name in Arab traditional medicine for wet cupping, where
blood is drawn by vacuum from a small skin incision for therapeutic purposes. The
prophet (peace be upon him) said: "Hijama is among your best remedies"

19
 CHAPTER FIFTEEN
PILGRIMAGE OF THE PROPHET (PEACE BE UPON HIM)
NARRATED BY JABIR IBN ABDELLAH
IN SAHIEH MUSLIM
Muslim reports: "Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaibah and Ishaq bin Ibrahim told us that Hatem bin Isma'il al-
Madani reported of Ja'far bin Mohammad and he of his father, saying, 'We visited Jabir bin Abdullah
(he was blind) and he began inquiring about the people (who had come to see him) till it was my turn. I
said: "I am Mohammad ibn Ali ibn Hussein." He placed his hand on my head and opened my upper
button and then the lower one, and then placed his hand on my chest (in order to bless me). I was during
those days a young boy, and then he said: "You are welcome, my nephew. Ask whatever you want to
ask." I asked him a question but it was time for prayer. He stood up covering himself in his mantle.
Whenever he placed its ends upon his shoulders they slipped down because it was short (in size).
Another mantle was, however, lying on the clothes rack nearby (and he put it on) and led the prayer. I
said to him: "Tell me about the Hajj of the Prophet (peace be upon him)." He held up his nine fingers
and said: "The Prophet (peace be upon him) stayed in Madinah for nine years but did not perform Hajj.
Then, in the tenth year he made a public announcement to the effect that Allah's Messenger was about
to perform the Hajj. A large number of people came to Madinah, and all of them were eager to emulate
the Prophet (peace be upon him) and follow his actions. "We set out with him until we reached Zhul-
Hulaifah, where Asma bint 'Umais gave birth to Mohammad ibn Abi Bakr. She sent a message to the
Prophet (peace be upon him) asking him: "What should I do?" He said, "Take a bath, bandage your
private parts and put on ihram. "The Prophet (peace be upon him) then prayed in the mosque and then
mounted al-Qaswa (his she-camel) and it stood erect with him on its back at al-Baida. As far as I could
see in front of me, behind me, on my right and on my left, I saw riders and pedestrians. The Messenger
of Allah (peace be him) was prominent among us and the (revelation) of the Qur'an was descending
upon him, and it is he who knows (its true) interpretation. Whatever he did, we also did. He
pronounced the Oneness of Allah (saying): Labbaika Allahumma labbaik labbaika la sharika laka
labbaik, innal hamda wan-ni'mata laka wal mulk, la sharika lak (O Allah! I hasten to You. You have no
partner. I hasten to You. All praise and grace is Thine and the Sovereignty too; You have no partner).
And the people also pronounced this talbiyah which they pronounce today. The Messenger of Allah
(peace be upon him) did not disapprove of anything in it, but he azhered to his own talbiyah. Jabir said:
"We did not have any other intention but that of Hajj only, being unaware of the 'Umrah, but when we
came with him to the House (of Allah), he touched the Black Stone (Hajar al Aswad) and made seven
circuits, running three of them and walking four. Then going to the Station of Ibrahim, he recited: "And
adopt the Station of Ibrahim as a place of prayer.'' (Qur'an 2.125) He stood at a place where the Station
(of Ibrahim) was between him and the House. There he prayed two rak'ahs reciting Surah Al-lkhlas, and
Surah Al-Kafirun. He then returned to the Black Stone (Hajar al A.sl~ad) and kissed it. Then he went
out of the gate to Safa, and as he approached it he recited: "Al-Safa and al-Marwah are among the signs
appointed by Allah," (Qur'an 2.15) (adding:) I begin with what Allah began. He first mounted Safa until
he saw the House, and facing the Qiblah he declared the Oneness of Allah and glorified Him and said:
La ilaha illa Allah wahdahu la sharika lahu, lahul mulk wa lahul hamd, wa huwa 'ala kulli sha'in qadeer,
la ilaha illallahu wahdahu anjaza wa'dahu, wa nasara 'abdahu, wa hazamal ahzaba wahdah (There is no
God but Allah, One, He has no partner. His is the Sovereignt y, to Him praise is due, and He is Powerful
over everything. There is no God but Allah alone, Who fulfilled His promise, helped His servant and

20
 routed the confederates alone"). He said these words three times making supplications in between. He
then descended and walked towards Marwah, and when his feet touched the bottom of the valley, he
ran; and when he began to ascend, he walked till he reached Marwah. There he did as he had done at
Safa. "When it was his last round of Marwah he said: 'If I had known beforehand what I have come to
know afterwards, I would not have brought sacrificial animals and would have offered it as an 'Umrah.
So, he among you who has not the sacrificial animals with him should put off ihram and treat it as an
'Umrah. Suraqa ibn Malik ibn Ju'tham got up and said, 'Messenger of Allah, does it apply to the present
year, or does it apply forever? Thereupon the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) intertwined the
fingers (of one hand) into another and said twice: 'The 'Umrah has become incorporated in the Hajj,'
(adding): 'No, but forever and ever.' "Ali came from Yemen with the sacrificial animals for the Prophet
(peace be upon him) and found Fatimah (Allah be pleased with her) to be one among those who had put
off her ihram. put on dyed clothes, and had applied kuhl*. Ali showed disapproval of it, whereupon she
said: 'My father has commanded me to do this.' (The narrator) said that Ali used to say in Iraq: 'I went to
the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) showing annoyance at Fatimah for what she had done, and
asked the Prophet (peace be upon him) regarding what she had narrated from him, and told him that he
was angry with her, whereupon the Prophet (peace be upon him) said: 'She has told the truth; she has
told the truth.' "(The Prophet then asked Ali): 'What did you say when you put on ihram?' I (Ali) said:
'O Allah, I am putting on ihram for the same purpose as Your Messenger has put it on.' Thereupon the
Prophet (peace be upon him) told him, 'I have with me sacrificial animals, so do not put off the ihram.'
"(Jabir) said: 'The total number of those sacrificial animals brought by Ali from Yemen and of those
brought by the Prophet (peace be upon him) was one hundred. All the people except the Prophet (peace
be upon him) and those who had with them sacrificial animals, put off ihram and got their hair clipped.
When it was the day of Tarwiya (8th of Zhul-Hijjah) they went to Mina and put on the ihram for Hajj
and the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) rode and led there, the noon, afternoon, sunset, 'Isha
and dawn prayers. He then waited a little till the sun rose, and commanded that a tent of hair should be
pitched at Namira. "The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) then set out and the Quraish did not
doubt that he would halt at Al-Mash'ar Al-Haram (the sacred site) as the Quraish used to do in the pre-
Islamic period. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him), however, passed on till he came to
'Arafah and he found that the tent had been pitched for him at Namira. There he got down till the sun
had passed the meridian; he commanded that al-Qaswa be brought and saddled for him. Then he came
to the bottom of the valley, and addressed the people saying: Verily your blood, your property are as
sacred and inviolable as the sacredness of this day of yours, in this month of yours, in this town of
yours. Behold! Everything pertaining to the Days of Ignorance is under my feet, and completely
abolished. Abolished are also the blood-revenges of the Days of Ignorance. The first claim of ours on
blood-revenge which I abolish is that of the son of Rabi 'a ibn al-Harith, who was nursed among the
tribe of Sa'd and killed by Huzhail. And the usury of the pre-Islamic period is abolished, and the first of
our usury I abolish is that of 'Abbas ibn 'Abd al-Muttalib, for it is all abolished. Fear Allah concerning
women! Verily you have taken them on the security of Allah, and intercourse with them has been made
lawful unto you by word of Allah. You too have rights over them, in that they should not allow anyone
to sit on your bed whom you do not like. But if they do that, you can chastise them but not severely.
Their rights upon you are that you should provide them with food and clothing in a fitting manner. I
have left among you the Book of Allah, and if you hold fast to it, you will never go astray. And you will
be asked about me (on the Day of Resurrection), (now tell me) what would you say? They (the
audience) said: "We will bear witness that you have conveyed (the message), discharged (the ministry
of Prophethood) and given wise (sincere) counsel." He (the narrator) said: "He (the Holy Prophet) then
raised his forefinger towards the sky and pointing it at the people (said): 'O Allah, be witness. O Allah
be witness,' saying it thrice' ." "Then azhan was pronounced and later on iqama and the Prophet (peace
be upon him) led the Zuhr prayer. Then another Iqama was pronounced and the Prophet (peace be upon
21
 him) led the Asr prayer and he observed no other prayer in between the two. (This proves the validity of
joining Zuhr and 'Asr prayer on this day, at this place. There is consensus on it, but there is
disagreement as to its cause. Abu Hanifah and some Shafi'i scholars hold that it is a part of Hajj, but the
majority of Shafi'i scholars hold it is due to journey) The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) then
mounted his camel and came to the place where he was to stay. He made his she-camel, al-Qaswa, turn
towards the rocky side, with the pedestrian path lying in front of him. He faced the Qiblah, and stood
there until the sun set, and the yellow light diminished somewhat, and the disc of the sun totally
disappeared. He made Usama sit behind him, and pulled the nose-string of Qaswa so forcefully that its
head touched the saddle (in order to keep her under perfect control), and pointing out with his right
hand, advised the people to be moderate (in speed) saying: "O people! calmness, calmness!" Whenever
he passed over an elevated tract of land, he slightly loosened the nose-string of his camel till she
climbed up. This is how he reached al-Muzdalifah." "There he led the Maghrib and 'Isha prayers with
one azhan and two iqamas and did not glorify (Allah) in between them (i.e. he did not observe
supererogatory rak 'ahs between Maghrib and 'Isha prayers). The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon
him) then laid down till dawn and offered the Fajir prayer with an athan and iqama when the morning
light was clear. He again mounted al-Qaswa, and when he came to Al-Mash'ar Al-Haram, he faced the
Qiblah, and supplicated to Allah, Glorified Him, and pronounced His Uniqueness and Oneness, and
kept standing till the daylight was very clear. "He then went quickly before the sun rose, and seated
behind him was Al-Fadl ibn 'Abbas, who was a man with beautiful hair, fair complexion, and handsome
face. As the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) moved on, a group of women riding camels was
also passing. Al-Fadl began to look at them. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) placed his
hand on Al-Fadl's face who then turned his face to the other side, and began to look, and the Messenger
of Allah (peace be upon him) turned his hand to the other side and placed it on Al-Fadl's face. He again
turned his face to the other side till he came to the bottom of Muhassir. He urged her (al-Qaswa) a little,
and, following the middle road, (This proves that it is sunnah to follow a different road on the way back
from Arafah than the one taken while going toward it. The Prophet (peace be upon him) went by the
Dab road to Arafah. Similarly he used to take different routes going to or coming back from 'Eid
prayers) which comes out at the greatest Jamarah, he came to the Jamarah which is near the tree. At this
he threw seven small pebbles, saying, 'Allahu Akbar' while throwing every one of them in a manner in
which the small pebbles are thrown (holding them with fingers) and this he did while at the bottom of
the valley. (That is, he stood there at a place where Mina, Arafah and Al-Muzdalifah were on his right,
and Makkah on his left side) . He then went to the place of sacrifice, and sacrificed sixty-three (camels)
with his own hand. He shared the remaining camels with Ali, who sacrificed them. He then commanded
that a piece of meat from each sacrificed animal be put in a pot. When it was cooked, both of them (the
Prophet and Ali) ate some of it and drank its soup. The Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) again
rode and came to the House (of Allah), where he performed Tawaf Al-Ifadah and oftered the Zuhr
prayer at Makkah. He came to the tribe of 'Abd al-Muttalib, who were supplying water at Zamzam, and
said: 'Draw water, O Banu 'Abd al-Muttalib; were it not that people would usurp this right of supplying
water from you, I would have drawn it along with you.' So they handed him a bucket and he drank from
it . "

22
 STATEMENT OF ALLAH:
“‫ﺪﻱﹺ‬
 ‫ ﺍ ﹾﻟﻬ‬‫ﻦ‬‫ ﻣ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﻴﺴ‬ ‫ﺳﺘ‬ ‫ﺎ ﺍ‬‫ﻢ ﻓﹶﻤ‬ ‫ﺮﺗ‬ ‫ﺣﺼ‬ ‫ﻥ ﺃﹸ‬
‫"ﻓﹶﺈﹺ ﹾ‬
“But if you are prevented (From completing it), send an offering for sacrifice,
such as you may find”
((196-‫))اة‬

HAJJ WITH CONDITION

If person wants to perform Hajj, but fears to be prevented from completing his/her Ihram by
reason of an enemy force or a sickness which could worsen by motion or travel, a state of fear
(and insecurity), then he/she has to perform “Hajj With Condition”

A'isha (Allah be pleased with her) reported that Allah's Messenger (may peace be upon him)
went (into the house of) Duba'a bint Zubair and said to her: Did you intend to perform Hajj? She
said: By Allah, (I intend to do so) but I often remain ill, whereupon he (the Holy Prophet) said
to her: Perform Hajj but with condition, and say: O Allah, I shall be free from Ihram where you
detain me. And she (Duba'a) was the wife of Miqdad.

STATEMENT OF ALLAH:

‫ ﻓﹶﺈﹺﺫﹶﺍ‬‫ﻚ‬‫ﺴ‬‫ﻭ ﻧ‬ ‫ ﺃﹶ‬‫ ﹶﻗﺔ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﻭ ﺻ‬ ‫ﺎﻡﹴ ﺃﹶ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﻦ ﺻ‬‫ ﹲﺔ ﻣ‬‫ﺪﻳ‬  ‫ ﻓﹶﻔ‬‫ﻪ‬‫ﺭ ﹾﺃﺳ‬ ‫ﻦ‬‫ ﺃﹶﺫﹰﻯ ﻣ‬‫ﻭ ﺑﹺﻪ‬ ‫ﻣﺮﹺﻳﻀﺎﹰ ﺃﹶ‬ ‫ﻨﻜﹸﻢ‬‫ﻦ ﻛﹶﺎﻥﹶ ﻣ‬‫"ﻓﹶﻤ‬
“‫ﺪﻱﹺ‬  ‫ ﺍ ﹾﻟﻬ‬‫ﻦ‬‫ ﻣ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﻴﺴ‬ ‫ﺳﺘ‬ ‫ﺎ ﺍ‬‫ ﻓﹶﻤ‬‫ﺞ‬‫ ﺇﹺﻟﹶﻰ ﺍ ﹾﻟﺤ‬‫ﺓ‬‫ﻤﺮ‬ ‫ ﺑﹺﺎ ﹾﻟﻌ‬‫ﺘﻊ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻦ ﺗ‬‫ﻢ ﻓﹶﻤ‬ ‫ﻨﺘ‬‫ﺃﹶﻣ‬
((196-‫))ﺍﻟﺒﻘﺮﺓ‬
”And if any of you is ill, or has an ailment in his scalp, (Necessitating shaving),
(He should) in compensation either fast, or feed the poor, or offer sacrifice;
and when ye are in peaceful conditions (again), if any one wishes to continue
the 'umra on to the hajj, He must make an offering, such as he can afford,”

23
 CHAPTER SIXTEEN
COMMON MISTAKES & INNOVATIONS
Mistakes in Visiting the Mosque of The Messenger (Peace be Upon Him)

• The believe of many that visiting Medina is part of Hajj. The fact is, visiting Medina has
nothing to do with Hajj. It is something different and separate.
• The believe of some that when entering the Masjid of the Prophet, he must be visited first, but
the fact is, upon entering the Masjid, Two Rakah of Greeting the Masjid should be performed.
• Do not make Dua’ to the Prophet. Dua’ is to be made to Allah and Allah alone. If you want to
pray for the Prophet to intercede for you on the Day of Judgment (Shifaa’ah), pray to Allah for
that. “O Allah, allow Your Prophet to intercede for me..”
• When Making Dua’, face the Qiblah not the grave of the Prophet. Due to the order of the
prophet, women are not allowed to visit the graveyard, there is no exeption to the grave of the
Prophet (peace be upon him).
• Wiping or kissing any walls for barakah is a clear innovation. It is only rock and/or marble.
• Voice cannot be raised in Dua’ or for any other reasons near the grave. Face the Qiblah and
leave the grave area when you want to make Dua’.
• Ihraam is not needed to enter Madinah.

Mistakes in Tawaf

• Do not say intention out loud to begin Tawaf. Saying intentions out loud is something the Prophet
(peace be upon him) never did except after Ihraam when he said, “Labbayk Allahuma Umrah wa
Hajj.”
• The pilgrim does not have to touch the black stone in order for his/her Tawaf to be accepted. If it
is crowded you may face your hand toward the stone and say “Allahu Akbar”.
• Do not kiss the Yemeni corner. You may only touch it.
• Do not worship the black stone. You are glorifying Allah by coming to this House and worshiping
Him, following the Sunnah of the Propjet (peace be upon him).
• Do not follow those Dua’ books that make up dua for each time you go around the Ka’bah. Read
Quran and make Dua’ from your heart and glorify Allah.
• Do not walk fast (jog) during all the rounds around Kabah, it is only to be done during the first
three rounds.
• Do not wipe the walls of the ka’bah during Tawaf. The Prophet (peace be upon him) did not touch
anything other than the black stone and the Yemeni corner.
• Do not hurt anyone to kiss the black stone.
• Do not face your hand to the Yemeni corner and say Allahu Akbar. This is only for the black stone.
• Do not stand at the black stone line for a long time. Move on.

24
 Mistakes in The Two Rakah After Tawaf

• The believe of many is that the two rakahs must be prayed at the Station of Ibrahiem (peace be
upon him) while in reality, it is only a sunnah and it may be prayed anywhere in the Masjid.
• Do not lengthen your 2 Rakas of Tawaf, the prophet (peace be upon him) prayed the two rakahs
with Surat Al-Kafroon & Al-Ikhlas.
• There is nothing in the sunnah about: Dua’ at the Station of Ibrahim (Maqam Ibraheem). After
you pray the 2 Rakas of Tawaf move on.

Mistakes in Sa’y
• Raising hands as if they are praying when climbing Al-safa and Marwa.
• The pilgrim does not have to jog the whole way, from Safa to Marwa. Only within the
green lights, the valley of Safa and Marwa.
• Women do not have to run between the green lights, it is only for men.
• The believe of many that Sa’y starts with Safa and ends with Safa, which is incorrect.
• Specifying every Sa’y with a ceritan Du’a, an act that was never done by the Messenger
of Allah (peace be upon him).

Mistakes in Shaving Or Trimming

• The believe of some that facing the Qiblah is a Sunnah while shaving or trimming.
• Shave your complete head, do not leave parts unshaved.
• If you shall trim, take from all sides of your head.
• Do not take off your Ihraam until you have shaved or trimmed. You are still in Ihraam until you
do so.
• The action of some women by showing theit hair while shorten it, not knowing that their hair
must be covered in front of men.

Mistakes During The Day of Tarweah

• The believe of some that Ihram must be done from the Masjid Al-Haram, while in fact, the
Sunnah for the pilgrim, is to start Ihram from his/her location in Makkah.
• The believe of some that they cannot use the same Ihram clothes used for Ummrah again for
Hajj.

Mistakes in Sleeping At Mina

Many people do not confirm if they are located inside or outside the borders of the holy sites.
Confirm.

Mistakes During the Day of Arafah

• Some pilgrims fast the Day of Arafah, the sunnah is for them to break fast.

25
 • Do not leave Arafah before Maghrib time.
• Not knowing the borders of Arafah may results in some pilgrims being outside the premises of
Arafah.
• Do not face Mt. Rahmah on Arafah day when you make Dua’. Face the Qiblah.
• The pilgrim should not treat his/her time in Arafah like any other day. He/she should realize the
significance of such a day and pray to Allah in humility.

Mistakes in Muzdalifah

• At Maghrib time i
• n Arafah, do not pray Maghrib and Isha’ until you reach Muzdalifah, and do not delay the
prayers when arriving Muzdalifah.
• Many people think they are in Muzdalifah but they are not. Look for the border signs.
Remember, sleeping in Muzdalifah is from the Wajibat of Hajj.
• After praying Maghrib and Isha in Muzdalifah, go to sleep immediatel y, this is what the
Messenger of Allah did.
• The believe of some that the pebbles are to be collected in Muzdalifah.
• Staying in Muzdalifah until the sunrises, and the Sunnah is leaving Muzdalifah after Fajir and
before the sun rises.

Mistakes in Stoning The Jamarat

• Do not wash your stones, it was never mentioned in the Sunnah.

• Do not throw the Jamarat before it is time.
• Say “Allahu Akbar” with each pebble. Do not say Bismillaah.
• Throw the pebbles separately.
• Make Dua’ after the first and second Jamarat.
• The Jamarat are not Devils, and Shaytaan is not tied up for the stoning of himself. Pilgrims that
hold this misconception end up cursing, swearing, throwing sandals, etc. It is a commandment
from Allah to glorify Allah by saying ‘Allahu Akbar’ with each pebble.
• Throw the Jamarat from small to medium to large. Not the other way.
• Throw seven pebbles, not more or less.
• Cursing, screaming, and/or crying at the Jamarat
• Do not throw sandals, wood, big rocks, etc. This is all against the Sunnah.
• The throwing of the Small and Middle Jamarah on the Day of Eid, and the obligation is to throw
only the Great Jimarat Al-Aqabah on that day.
• Do not hurt/shove others when at the Jamarat.
• If someone is throwing on the pilgrim's behalf, he/she must be unable to throw the pebbles
themselves.

Mistakes in Sacrificing
• Giving the money as Saddaqa (Charity) rather than buying the animal and slaughtering.
• Slaughtering before the Day of Eid
• Throwing the animal after slaughtering.

26
 • Not fulfilling the conditions of the sacrificial animal. It has to be healthy and free from all
physical defects. It should not be one eyed, nor should it limp, be mangy, or very thin and weak.

Mistakes in Taajul (Early Leave From Mina)

• The pilgrim must spend the night in Mina on the 10th and 11th night. The days of Mina, are the
11th and 12th, not the 10th and 11th.

• The pilgrim cannot do his/her final Jamarat after Tawaf Al-Wada’, as some people attempt.

Mistakes in The Farewell Tawaf

• After Tawaf Al-Wadaa’, the pilgrim must leave Makkah.

• The pilgrim cannot leave Makkah before performing Tawaf Al-Wadaa’ since it is one of the
Wajabat (obligations) of Hajj.
• Tawaf Al-Wadaa’ requires no Sa’y between Safa & Marwa.
• The backward walking toward the gates of Al-Masjid Al-Haram so to never give the Kabbah
his/her back after the Farewell Tawaf is one of the innovations that has no support in the Sunnah
of Prophet Mohamed (peace be upon him).
• The stopping of some pilgrims at the gates after the Farewell Tawaf while facing the Qiblah and
specifying a certain Du’a for the farewell is an innovation that was never practiced by the
prophet.

WE ASK ALLAH THE ACCEPTANCE & SUCCESS

AND PRAISE BE TO ALLAH, THE LORD OF THE WORLDS

27