BOARD OF INTERMEDIATE EDUCATION, KARACHI

INTERMEDIATE EXAMINATION, 2018 (ANNUAL)

(Science pre-Engineering and Science General Groups)

XI-Mathematics

SOLUTION

FROM THE DESK OF: FAIZAN AHMED

Code: MT-09 Time: 20 Minutes

SECTION ‘A’ (MCQs-Multiple Choice Questions) (20 Marks)

Q1. Choose the correct answer for each from the given options.

i. If 1,x-1, 3 are in A.P., then 𝑥 =:

a. 0 b. 1 c. 2 d. 3
ii. The H.M.between 3 and 6 is:
1 9
a. 4 b. 2 c. ± 18 d. 4
𝑎−𝑏 𝑎
iii. If 𝑏−𝑐 = 𝑏 , then a,b,c are in:
a. A.P. b. 𝐺. 𝑃 . c. H.P. d. A.G.P
iv. The number of permutations of the letters of the word COMMITTEE
9 6 9 2,2,2
a. b. c. d.
2,2,2 2,2,2 2,2,1 9
1 20
v. The middle term in the expansion of 2𝑥 − 𝑥 2 is:
a. Ninth term b. tenth term c. 𝑒𝑙𝑒𝑣𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑕 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚 d. twelvth term
𝑛 +1 !
vi. If 𝑛 = 0, then =:
𝑛!
a. 0 b. 1 c. n d. ∞
vii. 𝑠𝑖𝑛600 𝑐𝑜𝑠300 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠600 𝑠𝑖𝑛300 =:
1 3 3 1
a. b. − c. d. − 2
2 2 2
viii. If arc length s is equal to the radius r , then the central angle 𝜃 is:
1
a. 0 radian b. 2 radian c. 2 radian d. 1 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛
0
ix. In a triangle ABC, if 𝛾 = 90 , then the law of cosine reduces to:
a. 𝑎2 = 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 b. 𝑏 2 = 𝑎2 − 𝑐 2 c. 𝑐 2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 d. 𝑐 2 = 𝑎2 − 𝑏 2
∆
x. In an escribed triangle ABC, 𝑟 =:
3
a. s b. (𝑠 − 𝑎) c. (𝑠 − 𝑏) d. (𝑠 − 𝑐)
xi. If 𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 = 4 and 𝑟𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 = 3, then 𝑟 =:
a. 3 b. 5 c. 6 d. 2
0
xii. 10.5 =:
𝜋 7𝜋 10.5
a. radians b. radians c. radians d. 5𝜋 radians
18 120 𝜋
xiii. If 𝐴 = {2,3} and 𝐵 = {3,4}, then 𝐴 − 𝐵 ∩ 𝐵 =:
a. ∅ b. {∅} c. {2} d. {3}
′ ′
xiv. 𝐴𝑈𝐴 =:
a. 𝐴 b. 𝐴′ c. ∅ d. 𝑈
2
xv. The imaginary part of 𝑖 3 + 5𝑖 is:
a. −2𝑖 b. 3𝑖 c. −2 d. −5
xvi. If 𝑧 is a complex number, then 𝑧𝑧 =:
a. 𝑧 2 b. 𝑧 2 c. |𝑧| d. 𝑧 2
2
xvii. The product of the roots of the equation 𝑦 + 1 = 7𝑦 − 7
a. 4 b. 8 c. 7 d. 1
xviii. If 𝜔 is a complex cube root of unity, then 2 − 𝜔 − 𝜔2 2 =:
a. −1 b. 1 c. 3 d. 9
−1
xix. If A,B,C are non-singular matrices, then 𝐶𝐵𝐴
a. 𝐴−1 𝐵 −1 𝐶 −1 b. 𝐶 −1 𝐵 −1 𝐴−1 c. 𝐴𝐵𝐶 −1 d. ABC
xx. 𝐴 𝐴−1 =:
a. 𝐴𝐴−1 b. 𝐴 𝐼3 c. 𝑎𝑑𝑗𝐴 d. 𝐴2
 SECTION B
COMPLEX NUMBER, ALGEBRA, MATRICES
Q.2(i) QUESTION:
Solve the complex equation for x and y: 𝑥 + 2𝑦𝑖 2 = 𝑥𝑖.
SOLUTION:
(𝑥 + 2𝑦𝑖)2 = 𝑥𝑖
(𝑥)2 + 2 𝑥 2𝑦𝑖 + (2𝑦𝑖)2 = 𝑥𝑖
𝑥 2 + 4𝑥𝑦𝑖 + 4𝑦 2 𝑖 2 = 𝑥𝑖
𝑥 2 + 4𝑥𝑦𝑖 + 4𝑦 2 (−1) = 𝑥𝑖 ∵ 𝑖 = −1 ⇒ 𝑖 2 = −1
𝑥 2 + 4𝑥𝑦𝑖 − 4𝑦 2 = 𝑥𝑖
𝑥 2 − 4𝑦 2 + 4𝑥𝑦𝑖 = 0 + 𝑥𝑖
By comparing
4𝑥𝑦 = 𝑥 ⇒ 4𝑦 = 1
1
𝑦=4
Now, 𝑥 2 − 4𝑦 2 = 0
1 2
𝑥2 − 4 =0
4
1
𝑥2 − 4 = 0
1
𝑥2 = 4
1
𝑥 = ±2
1 1 1 1 1 1
𝑆. 𝑆 = ±2,4 OR 𝑆. 𝑆 = , , −2,4
2 4

OR QUESTION:
Q.2(i) Solve the complex equation for x and y: 𝑥 1 + 2𝑖 + 𝑦 3 + 5𝑖 = −3𝑖
SOLUTION:
𝑥 1 + 2𝑖 + 𝑦 3 + 5𝑖 = −3𝑖
𝑥 + 2𝑥𝑖 + 3𝑦 + 5𝑦𝑖 = −3𝑖
𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 5𝑦𝑖 + 2𝑥𝑖 = −3𝑖
𝑥 + 3𝑦 + 𝑖 5𝑦 + 2𝑥 = 0 − 3𝑖
By Comparing
𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 0
𝑥 = −3𝑦 ---- 1
And 5𝑦 + 2𝑥 = −3
5𝑦 + 2(−3𝑦) = −3
5𝑦 − 6𝑦 = −3
−𝑦 = −3
𝑦=3
1 ⇒ 𝑥 = −3𝑦
𝑥 = −3 3 = −9
𝑆. 𝑆 = −9,3
2(ii) QUESTION:
1 2 1
Solve: 𝑥 + 𝑥 =4 𝑥−𝑥
SOLUTION:
1 2 1
𝑥+𝑥 =4 𝑥−𝑥
 2
2
1 1 1
𝑥 +2 𝑥 + =4 𝑥−
𝑥 𝑥 𝑥
1 1
𝑥2 + 2 + = 4 𝑥 −
𝑥2 𝑥
1 1
𝑥2 − 2 + 2 + 4 = 4 𝑥 −
𝑥 𝑥
1 2 1
𝑥−𝑥 + 4 = 4 𝑥 − 𝑥 ----(1)
1
Let 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 𝑥
1 ⇒ 𝑦 2 + 4 = 4𝑦
𝑦 2 − 4𝑦 + 4 = 0
𝑦−2 2 =0
𝑦−2=0
𝑦=2
1
But 𝑥 − 𝑥 = 𝑦
1
𝑥−𝑥 =2
𝑥2 − 1
=2
𝑥
𝑥 2 − 1 = 2𝑥
𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 − 1 = 0
−𝑏± 𝑏 2 −4𝑎𝑐
𝑥= 2𝑎
−(−2)± (−2)2 −4 1 (−1)
𝑥= 2(1)
2± 4+4 2± 8 2± 4×2 2±2 2 2 1± 2
𝑥= = = = =
2 2 2 2 2
𝑥 = 1± 2
𝑆. 𝑆 = 1 ± 2
2(iii) QUESTION:
For what values of ‘m’ will the equation have equal roots?
𝑚 + 1 𝑥 2 + 2 𝑚 + 3 𝑥 + 2𝑚 + 3 = 0
SOLUTION:
𝑚 + 1 𝑥 2 + 2 𝑚 + 3 𝑥 + 2𝑚 + 3 = 0 ----(1)
𝐴 = 𝑚 + 1, 𝐵 = 2 𝑚 + 3 , 𝐶 = 2𝑚 + 3
As roots of (1) are equal
i.e. 𝐵 2 − 4𝐴𝐶 = 0
2 𝑚 + 3 2 − 4 𝑚 + 1 2𝑚 + 3 = 0
4 𝑚2 + 6𝑚 + 9 − 4 2𝑚2 + 3𝑚 + 2𝑚 + 3 = 0
÷ 𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑏𝑦 4, 𝑤𝑒 𝑔𝑒𝑡
𝑚2 + 6𝑚 + 9 − 2𝑚2 + 5𝑚 + 3 = 0
𝑚2 + 6𝑚 + 9 − 2𝑚2 − 5𝑚 − 3 = 0
−𝑚2 + 𝑚 + 6 = 0 ⟹ 𝑚2 − 𝑚 − 6 = 0
𝑚2 − 3𝑚 + 2𝑚 − 6 = 0
𝑚 𝑚−3 +2 𝑚−3 =0
𝑚−3 𝑚+2 =0
𝐸𝑖𝑡𝑕𝑒𝑟: 𝑚 − 3 = 0 ⇒ 𝑚 = 3
𝑂𝑟: 𝑚 + 2 = 0 ⇒ 𝑚 = −2

2(iv) QUESTION:
𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽 −𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜽 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽 𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜽
If 𝑨 = and 𝑩 = then prove that 𝑨𝑩 = 𝑩𝑨 = 𝑰𝟐
𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜽 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽 −𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜽 𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜽
 SOLUTION:
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 −𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
𝐴= and 𝐵 =
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 −𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
??𝐴𝐵 = 𝐵𝐴 = 𝐼2
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 −𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
AB =
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 −𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
= 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃

1 0
= = 𝐼2
0 1

𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 −𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃

BA=
−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
= 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 −𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝜃

1 0
= = 𝐼2
0 1
𝐴𝐵 = 𝐵𝐴 = 𝐼2
2(v) QUESTION:
Using the properties of determinants, evaluate the determinant:
1 𝑥 𝑦𝑧 1 1 1
1 𝑦 𝑧𝑥 = 𝑥 𝑦 𝑧
1 𝑧 𝑥𝑦 𝑥 𝑦2 𝑧2
2

SOLUTION:
1 𝑥 𝑦𝑧 1 1 1
?? 1 𝑦 𝑧𝑥 = 𝑥 𝑦 𝑧
2
1 𝑧 𝑥𝑦 𝑥 𝑦 𝑧2
2

1 𝑥 𝑦𝑧
L.H.S= 1 𝑦 𝑧𝑥
1 𝑧 𝑥𝑦
× 𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑅1 𝑏𝑦 𝑥, 𝑅2 𝑏𝑦 𝑦 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑅3 𝑏𝑦 𝑧
𝑥 𝑥 2 𝑥𝑦𝑧
1
= 𝑥𝑦𝑧 𝑦 𝑦 2 𝑥𝑦𝑧
𝑧 𝑧 2 𝑥𝑦𝑧
Taking common 𝑥𝑦𝑧 from 𝐶3
𝑥 𝑥2 1
𝑥𝑦𝑧
= 𝑥𝑦𝑧 𝑦 𝑦 2 1
𝑧 𝑧2 1
𝑥 𝑥2 1
= 𝑦 𝑦2 1
𝑧 𝑧2 1
Taking transpose
𝑥 𝑦 𝑧
2 2
= 𝑥 𝑦 𝑧2
1 1 1
Interchanging 𝑅2 and 𝑅3
𝑥 𝑦 𝑧
= (−1) 1 1 1
𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑧2
Interchanging 𝑅1 and 𝑅2
1 1 1
= (−1)(−1) 𝑥 𝑦 𝑧
𝑥 𝑦2 𝑧2
2
 1 1 1
= 𝑥 𝑦 𝑧 = 𝑅. 𝐻. 𝑆
𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑧2

SECTION B
GROUPS, SEQUENCES & SERIES, COUNTING PROBLEMS
Q.3(i) QUESTION:
Let 𝐺 = {1, 𝜔, 𝜔2 }, where 𝜔 is a complex cube root of unity. Show that 𝐺, . is an
abelian group, where ‘.’ Is an ordinary multiplication.

Note: For a group:

a) Associative law holds
b) There exist an identity element w.r.t multiplication
c) Every element has an inverse in G
For Abelian: multiplication is Commutative
SOLUTION:
𝐺 = {1, 𝜔, 𝜔2 }
a) Associative law holds
1 × 𝜔 × 𝜔2 = 1 × 𝜔 × 𝜔2
1 × 𝜔3 = 𝜔 × 𝜔2
𝜔3 = 𝜔3
1=1∈𝐺
b) 1 is the identity element with respect to multiplication
As, 1 × 1 = 1 ∈ 𝐺
1×𝜔 =𝜔 ∈ 𝐺
1 × 𝜔2 = 𝜔2 ∈ 𝐺
c) Each element has an inverse in G
Inverse of 1 is 1∈ 𝐺
Inverse of 𝜔 is 𝜔2 ∈ 𝐺
Inverse of 𝜔2 is 𝜔 ∈ 𝐺
𝐺, . is a group
For Abelian:
1×𝜔 =𝜔×1= 𝜔 ∈ 𝐺
1 × 𝜔2 = 𝜔2 × 1 = 𝜔2 ∈ 𝐺
𝜔 × 𝜔2 = 𝜔2 × 𝜔 = 𝜔3 = 1 ∈ 𝐺
‘.’ Is multiplication
𝐺, . is a Abelian group
Q.3(ii) QUESTION:
If three books are picked at random from a shelf containing 3 novels, 4 book of
poems and a dictionary. What is the probability that:
(i) dictionary is selected (ii) one novel and 2 book of poems are selected
SOLUTION:
Total novels = 3
Total book of poems = 4
Total dictionary = 1
Total books = 3 + 4 + 1 = 8

Three books are selected at random

𝑂 𝑆 = 8.𝐶3
 (i) dictionary is selected
Let A be the event that a dictionary is selected
𝑂 𝐴
𝑃 𝐴 =
𝑂 𝑆
7 1
.𝐶2 .𝐶1
= 8
.𝐶3
21
=
56
3
=
8

(ii) one novel and 2 book of poems are selected

Let B be the event that one novel and 2 book of poems are selected
𝑂 𝐵
𝑃 𝐵 =
𝑂 𝑆
3 4
.𝐶1 .𝐶2
= 8
.𝐶3
3×6
=
56
9
=
28

OR QUESTION:
Q.3(ii) In how many ways can a party of 5 students and 2 teachers be formed out of 15
students and 5 teachers.
SOLUTION:
Total students = 15
Total teachers = 5
A party of 5 students and 2 teachers be formed
𝑇𝑜𝑡𝑎𝑙 𝑤𝑎𝑦𝑠 = 15.𝐶5 5.𝐶2
= 3003 × 10
= 30030

Q.3(iii) QUESTION:
Prove by the principle of Mathematical Induction.
1 1 1 1 𝑛
+ 2.3 + 3.4 +. . . + 𝑛(𝑛 +1) = 𝑛+1, ∀𝑛 ∊ ℕ
1.2
SOLUTION:
PROOF I:
Verifying p(n) for 𝑛 = 1
1 1
= 1+1
1.2
1 1
= 2 Verified
2
𝑃 𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑛 = 1

PROOF II:
Assuming that p(𝑛) is true for 𝑛 = 𝑘
So we have,
1 1 1 1 𝑘
+ 2.3 + 3.4 +. . . + 𝑘(𝑘+1) = 𝑘+1 ----(1)
1.2
 1
Kth term =
𝑘(𝑘 + 1)
1
k + 1 th term =
(𝑘 + 1)(𝑘 + 2)
1
Adding (𝑘+1)(𝑘+2) both sides in (1)
1 1 1 1 1 𝑘 1
+ 2.3 + 3.4 +. . . + 𝑘 + = 𝑘+1 + 𝑘+1
1.2 𝑘+1 𝑘+1 𝑘+2 𝑘+2
𝑘 𝑘+2 +1
= 𝑘+1 𝑘+2
𝑘 2 +2𝑘+1
= 𝑘+1 𝑘+2
𝑘+1 2
= 𝑘+1 𝑘+2
𝑘+1
= 𝑘+1+1

𝑊𝑕𝑖𝑐𝑕 𝑖𝑠 𝑡𝑟𝑢𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑛 = 𝑘 + 1

𝐻𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒, 𝑃 𝑛 𝑖𝑠 𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑛𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑎𝑙 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟𝑠 𝑛.

OR QUESTION:
Q.3(iii) Find the sum of the following series: 212 + 222 + 232 + . . . + 502
SOLUTION:
212 + 222 + 232 + . . . + 502
= 502 − 212
𝑛 𝑛 + 1 (2𝑛 + 1)
∵ 𝑛2 =
6
50 50 + 1 (2 × 50 + 1) 21 21 + 1 (2 × 21 + 1)
= −
6 6
50 51 (101) 21 22 (41)
= −
6 6
= 42925 − 3157
= 39768

Q.3(iv) QUESTION:
Find the sum of an A.P., of nineteen terms whose middle term in 10.
SOLUTION:
Number of terms =n=19
𝑛+1
𝑀𝑖𝑑𝑑𝑙𝑒 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚 = 2 𝑡𝑕 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚
20
𝑀. 𝑇 = 2 = 10𝑡𝑕 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚
In an A.P.
nth term = Tn=a+(n-1)d
𝑇10 = 𝑎 + 10 − 1 𝑑
10 = 𝑎 + 9𝑑
𝑎 + 9𝑑 = 10 ---(1)
In an A.P.
𝑛
Sum of n terms = 𝑆𝑛 = 2 {2𝑎 + 𝑛 − 1 𝑑}
19
Sum of 19 terms = 𝑆19 = {2𝑎 + 19 − 1 𝑑}
2
19
𝑆19 = {2𝑎 + 18𝑑}
2
19
𝑆19 = × 2 𝑎 + 9𝑑
2
 𝑆19 = 19 10
𝑆19 = 190 [𝑈𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 (1)]

Q.3(v) QUESTION:
𝑎 𝑛 +1 +𝑏 𝑛 +1
Find the value of n so that 𝑎 𝑛 +𝑏 𝑛 may become the H.M. between a and b.
SOLUTION:
2𝑎𝑏
H.M. between a and b is 𝑎+𝑏
According to the question:
𝑎𝑛+1 + 𝑏 𝑛+1 2𝑎𝑏
=
𝑎𝑛 + 𝑏 𝑛 𝑎+𝑏
𝑎 + 𝑏 𝑎𝑛+1 + 𝑏 𝑛+1 = 2𝑎𝑏 𝑎𝑛 + 𝑏 𝑛
𝑎𝑛+2 + 𝑎𝑏 𝑛 +1 + 𝑎𝑛 +1 𝑏 + 𝑏 𝑛+2 = 2𝑎𝑛 +1 𝑏 + 2𝑎𝑏 𝑛+1
𝑎𝑛+2 + 𝑎𝑏 𝑛 +1 − 2𝑎𝑏 𝑛+1 + 𝑎𝑛+1 𝑏 − 2𝑎𝑛+1 𝑏 + 𝑏 𝑛+2 = 0
𝑎𝑛+2 − 𝑎𝑏 𝑛 +1 − 𝑎𝑛 +1 𝑏 + 𝑏 𝑛+2 = 0
𝑎𝑎𝑛 +1 − 𝑎𝑛 +1 𝑏 − 𝑎𝑐 + 𝑏𝑏 𝑛+1 = 0
𝑎𝑛+1 𝑎 − 𝑏 — 𝑏 𝑛+1 𝑎 − 𝑏 = 0
𝑎 − 𝑏 𝑎𝑛+1 − 𝑏 𝑛+1 = 0
𝑎𝑛+1 − 𝑏 𝑛+1 = 0
𝑎𝑛+1 = 𝑏 𝑛 +1
𝑎𝑛+1
=1
𝑏 𝑛+1
𝑎 𝑛+1 𝑎 0
=
𝑏 𝑏
By comparing
𝑛+1=0
𝑛 = −1
OR QUESTION:
Q.3(v) Find the first term of a G.P., whose second term is 3 and sum to infinity is 12.
SOLUTION:
In a G.P.:
𝑇𝑛 = 𝑎𝑟 𝑛−1
𝑇2 = 𝑎𝑟 2−1 = 3
𝑎𝑟 = 3 --- 1
𝑎
𝑆= = 12
1−𝑟
𝑎
= 12
1−𝑟
× 𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑏𝑦 𝑟, 𝑏𝑜𝑡𝑕 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑠
𝑎𝑟
= 12𝑟
1−𝑟
3
= 12𝑟 [𝑢𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 (1)]
1−𝑟
1
= 4𝑟
1−𝑟
1 = 4𝑟 1 − 𝑟
1 = 4𝑟 − 4𝑟 2
4𝑟 2 − 4𝑟 + 1 = 0
2𝑟 − 1 2 = 0
2𝑟 − 1 = 0
1
𝑟=2
1 ⟹ 𝑎𝑟 = 3
 1
𝑎 =3
2
𝑎=6

SECTION B
TRIGONOMETRY
Q.4(i) QUESTION:
A belt 24.75 meters long passes around a 3.5 cm diameter pulley. As the belt makes 3
complete revolutions in a minute, how many radians does the wheel turn in two
second?
SOLUTION:
Length of belt = 24.75𝑚
Diameter of the wheel of Pulley = 3.5𝑐𝑚
𝐷𝑖𝑎𝑚𝑒𝑡𝑒𝑟
∵𝑟= 2
3.5
𝑟= 𝑐𝑚 = 1.75𝑐𝑚
2
1.75
𝑟 = 100 = 0.0175𝑚
As the belt makes three complete revolutions in a minute
𝑠 = 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑡𝑕𝑒 𝑏𝑒𝑙𝑡 𝑖𝑛 𝑎 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑢𝑡𝑒 = 3(24.75)
= 74.25𝑚
74.25
𝑠 = 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑐𝑜𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑡𝑕𝑒 𝑏𝑒𝑙𝑡 𝑖𝑛 𝑎 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑 =
60
𝑠 = 1.2375𝑚

∵ 𝑠 = 𝑟𝜃
𝑠 1.2375
𝜃 = 𝑟 = 0.0175 = 70.714
For 2 seconds
𝜃 = 70.714 × 2
𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛
𝜃 = 141.428
𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑑

Q.4(ii) QUESTION:
Find the period of 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥.
SOLUTION:
𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑓 𝑥 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥
𝑓 𝑥 + 𝑝 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛(𝑥 + 𝑝)
𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑝
=
1 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑝
Replacing p with 𝜋, we get
𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 + 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜋
𝑓 𝑥+𝜋 =
1 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜋
𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 + 0
=
1 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥(0)
𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥
=
1−0
= 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥
𝑓 𝑥 + 𝜋 = 𝑓(𝑥)
 𝐻𝑒𝑛𝑐𝑒, 𝑓 𝑥 𝑖𝑠 𝑡𝑕𝑒 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑑𝑖𝑐 𝑓𝑢𝑛𝑐𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑖𝑜𝑑 𝜋.

Q.4(iii) QUESTION:
If a=b=c then prove that r: R : r1 = 1 : 2 : 3, where r, R, r1 have their usual meanings.
SOLUTION:
? ? r: R ∶ r1 = 1 ∶ 2 ∶ 3
∆ 𝑎𝑏𝑐 ∆
𝑟 = ,𝑅 = , 𝑟1 =
𝑠 4∆ 𝑠−𝑎
Given a=b=c
∆= 𝑆 𝑆 − 𝑎 𝑆 − 𝑏 𝑆 − 𝑐 ----(1)
𝑎+𝑏+𝑐
Where, 𝑆 =
2
𝑎+𝑎+𝑎 3𝑎
Here, 𝑆 = =
2 2
3𝑎 𝑎 𝑎
𝑆−𝑎 =𝑆−𝑏 =𝑆−𝑐 = − =
2 1 2
𝑎 𝑎 𝑎
𝑆−𝑎 = , 𝑆−𝑏 = , 𝑆−𝑐 =
2 2 2
3𝑎 𝑎 𝑎 𝑎
1 ⇒ ∆= × × ×
2 2 2 2

3𝑎 4
∆=
16

3 𝑎2
∆=
4
3 𝑎2
∆ 3 𝑎2 2 3𝑎 3𝑎
Now, 𝑟 = = 4
3𝑎 = × = =
𝑠 4 3𝑎 2×3 6
2
𝑎𝑏𝑐 𝑎. 𝑎. 𝑎 𝑎 𝑎 3 3𝑎
𝑅= = = = × =
4∆ 3 3 𝑎2
3 3 3
4×
4
3 𝑎2
∆ 4 3 𝑎2 2 3𝑎
𝑟1 = = 𝑎 = × =
𝑠−𝑎 4 𝑎 2
2
3𝑎 3𝑎 3𝑎
Now, 𝑟: 𝑅: 𝑟1 = ∶ ∶
6 3 2
6
𝑋𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑅. 𝐻. 𝑆 𝑏𝑦 , 𝑤𝑒 𝑔𝑒𝑡
3𝑎
3𝑎 6 3𝑎 6 3𝑎 6
𝑟: 𝑅: 𝑟1 = × : × ∶ ×
6 3𝑎 3 3𝑎 2 3𝑎
𝑟: 𝑅: 𝑟1 = 1 ∶ 2 ∶ 3

Q5(iv) QUESTION:
𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃 = 3
SOLUTION:
𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃 = 3
2𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 1
2
× =3
1 − tan 𝜃 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃
2
=3
1 − tan2 𝜃
2 = 3 1 − tan2 𝜃
2 = 3 − 3 tan2 𝜃
3 tan2 𝜃 = 3 − 2
3 tan2 𝜃 = 1
1
tan2 𝜃 =
3
1
𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 = ±
3
Either: Or:
1 1
𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 = −
3 3
 1 1
𝜃 = tan−1 𝜃 = tan−1 −
3 3
𝜋 𝜋
𝜃= 𝜃=−
6 6

𝜋 𝜋
𝐺. 𝑆 = 2𝑛𝜋 + ∪ 2𝑛𝜋 −
6 6
𝑛∈ℤ

Q.4(v) QUESTION:
Prove that: 𝑇𝑎𝑛 −1 15 + 𝑇𝑎𝑛−1 14 = 𝑇𝑎𝑛−1 199
SOLUTION:
1 1 9
? ? 𝑇𝑎𝑛−1 + 𝑇𝑎𝑛−1 = 𝑇𝑎𝑛 −1
5 4 19
1 1
𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑦 = 𝑇𝑎𝑛−1 + 𝑇𝑎𝑛−1 = 𝐴 + 𝐵 ------(1)
5 4
1 1
Where, 𝐴 = 𝑇𝑎𝑛−1 and 𝐵 = 𝑇𝑎𝑛 −1
5 4
1 1
So, 𝑇𝑎𝑛𝐴 = and 𝑇𝑎𝑛𝐵 =
5 4

1 ⇒𝑦=𝐴+𝐵
Taking Tan of both sides
𝑇𝑎𝑛𝑦 = 𝑇𝑎𝑛(𝐴 + 𝐵)
𝑇𝑎𝑛𝐴 + 𝑇𝑎𝑛𝐵
𝑇𝑎𝑛𝑦 =
1 − 𝑇𝑎𝑛𝐴 𝑇𝑎𝑛𝐵
1 1 4+5 9
+
𝑇𝑎𝑛𝑦 = 5 4 = 20 = 20
1 1 1 19
1− ×4 1 − 20
5 20
9
𝑇𝑎𝑛𝑦 =
19
9
𝑦 = 𝑇𝑎𝑛−1
19
1 1 9
𝑇𝑎𝑛 −1 + 𝑇𝑎𝑛 −1 = 𝑇𝑎𝑛 −1 𝐹𝑟𝑜𝑚 1
5 4 19

OR QUESTION:
Q.4(v) Prove that: 𝑆𝑖𝑛−1 𝐴 + 𝑆𝑖𝑛−1 𝐵 = sin−1 𝐴 1 − 𝐵 2 + 𝐵 1 − 𝐴2
SOLUTION:
𝐿𝑒𝑡 𝑡 = 𝑆𝑖𝑛−1 𝐴 + 𝑆𝑖𝑛−1 𝐵 = 𝑥 + 𝑦 ------(1)
Where, 𝑥 = 𝑆𝑖𝑛−1 𝐴 and 𝑦 = 𝑆𝑖𝑛−1 𝐵
So, 𝑆𝑖𝑛𝑥 = 𝐴 and 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑦 = 𝐵
2 2
𝑆𝑖𝑛 𝑥 + cos 𝑥 = 1 𝑆𝑖𝑛2 𝑦 + cos 2 𝑦 = 1
2 2
𝐴 + cos 𝑥 = 1 𝐵 2 + cos2 𝑦 = 1
2 2
cos 𝑥 = 1 − 𝐴 cos2 𝑦 = 1 − 𝐵 2
𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑥 = 1 − 𝐴2 𝐶𝑜𝑠𝑦 = 1 − 𝐵2

1 ⇒𝑡 =𝑥+𝑦
Taking Sin of both sides
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑡 = sin⁡
(𝑥 + 𝑦)
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑡 = sinxcosy + cosxsiny
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑡 = A 1 − 𝐵 2 + B 1 − 𝐴2
𝑡 = sin−1 𝐴 1 − 𝐵 2 + 𝐵 1 − 𝐴2 Proved.
 SECTION C
Q.5(a) QUESTION:

SOLUTION:
Let five shares in A.P. are:
𝑎 − 4𝑑, 𝑎 − 2𝑑, 𝑎, 𝑎 + 2𝑑, 𝑎 + 4𝑑

A/c to the Ist condition:

𝑎 − 4𝑑 + 𝑎 − 2𝑑 + 𝑎 + 𝑎 + 2𝑑 + 𝑎 + 4𝑑 = 600
5𝑎 = 600
𝑎 = 120

A/c to the 2nd condition:

1
𝑎 − 4𝑑 + 𝑎 − 2𝑑 = 𝑎 + 𝑎 + 2𝑑 + 𝑎 + 4𝑑
7
1
2𝑎 − 6𝑑 = 3𝑎 + 6𝑑
7
14𝑎 − 42𝑑 = 3𝑎 + 6𝑑
14𝑎 − 3𝑎 = 42𝑑 + 6𝑑
11𝑎 = 48𝑑 ⇒ 48𝑑 = 11𝑎
11 × 120 55
𝑑= =
48 2
55
Five shares are when a=120 and d= 2 :
𝑎 − 4𝑑, 𝑎 − 2𝑑, 𝑎, 𝑎 + 2𝑑, 𝑎 + 4𝑑
55 55 55 55
120 − 4 , 120 − 2 , 120, 120 + 2 , 120 + 4
2 2 2 2
10, 65, 120, 175, 230

OR QUESTION:
Q.5(a) Note: BIEK has made mistake here, by 35th term, it is impossible question. It is 34th
term.
𝑾𝒓𝒐𝒏𝒈 𝑸𝒖𝒆𝒔𝒕𝒊𝒐𝒏: 𝐼𝑛 𝑎𝑛 𝐻. 𝑃. , 𝑡𝑕𝑒 10𝑡𝑕 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚 𝑖𝑠 35, 35𝑡𝑕 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚 𝑖𝑠 25.
𝐼𝑓 𝑡𝑕𝑒 𝑙𝑎𝑠𝑡 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚 𝑖𝑠 2, 𝑓𝑖𝑛𝑑 𝑡𝑕𝑒 𝑛𝑢𝑚𝑏𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠.

SOLUTION:
In an H.P:
pth term = 10th term = 𝑥 = 35, 𝑝 = 10
qth term = 35th term = 𝑦 = 25, 𝑞 = 35
rth term = last term = 𝑧 = 2, 𝑟 == 𝑛 =?

1 1 1
𝑥 𝑦 𝑧
We have, 𝑝 𝑞 𝑟 =0
1 1 1
1 1 1
35 25 2 =0
10 35 𝑛
1 1 1
 ×ing 𝑅1 by 350, we get
10 14 175
10 35 𝑛 = 0 × 350
1 1 1
Expanding by 𝐶3 , we get
10 35 10 14 10 14
175 −𝑛 +1 =0
1 1 1 1 10 35
175 10 − 35 − 𝑛 10 − 14 + 250 − 140 = 0
175 −25 − 𝑛 −4 + 350 − 140 = 0
−4375 + 4𝑛 + 210 = 0
4𝑛 − 4165 = 0
4𝑛 = 4165
4165
𝑧= Not a positive integer
4
Hence, wrong Question

Q.5(b) QUESTION:
2 2 2
Prove law of Cosine: a =b + c – 2bccos𝛼
PROOF
Law of Cosine: c2 =a2 + b2 – 2abcos𝜸

Proof: We place a ∆ABC in x-, y- coordinate system such that C(0,0) is at the origin and B(a,0) on
positive x-axis as shown in the figure.

𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒 𝐶𝐿
As, cos 1800 − 𝛾 = =
𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝐴𝐶
𝐶𝐿
cos 1800 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛾 + sin 1800 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛾 =
𝑏
𝐶𝐿
−1 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛾 + (0)𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛾 =
𝑏
𝐶𝐿
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛾 =
𝑏
𝐶𝐿 = −𝑏𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛾

𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝐴𝐿
As, sin 1800 − 𝛾 = =
𝑝𝑒𝑟 𝐴𝐶
𝐶𝐿
sin 1800 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛾 − cos 1800 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛾 =
𝑏
𝐶𝐿
0 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛾 − (−1)𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛾 =
𝑏
𝐶𝐿
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛾 =
𝑏
𝐶𝐿 = 𝑏𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛾
So, coordinates of A are (b.cos𝛾, b.sin𝛾)
We have distance formula as:
d = (𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )2 + (𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )2
Here 𝐴𝐵 = c = (𝑏𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛾 − 𝑎)2 + (𝑏𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛾 − 0)2
c = 𝑏 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝛾 − 2𝑎𝑏𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛾 + 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝛾
c = 𝑏 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝛾 + 𝑏 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝛾 − 2𝑎𝑏𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛾 + 𝑎2
c = 𝑏 2 (𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝛾 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝛾) − 2𝑎𝑏𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛾 + 𝑎2
c = 𝑏 2 (1) − 2𝑎𝑏𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛾 + 𝑎2
Squaring both sides
c2 = 𝑏 2 − 2𝑎𝑏𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛾 + 𝑎2
And hence, c2 = a2 + b2 – 2abcos𝛾
Similarly:
a2 = b2 + c2 – 2bccos𝛼
b2 = a2 + c2 – 2accos𝛽
OR QUESTION:
Q.5(b) Prove fundamental law: cos(𝛼 − 𝛽) = cos𝛼. cos𝛽 + sin𝛼. sin𝛽
PROOF:
Fundamental Law:
Consider a unit circle with centre at O(0,0) as shown in figure.

Let P(cos𝛽, sin𝛽) and Q(cos𝛼, sin𝛼) be any two points in unit circle.
We have distance formula as:
d = (𝑥2 − 𝑥1 )2 + (𝑦2 − 𝑦1 )2
Here 𝑃𝑄 = (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽)2 + (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛽)2 ------------------(1)
Now rotate the axes so that the positive direction of X-axis passes through the point P.

Then with respect to this coordinate system, the coordinates of P and Q become (1,0) and (cos(𝛼 − 𝛽),
sin(𝛼 − 𝛽)) respectively.
So, 𝑃𝑄 = [ cos 𝛼 − 𝛽 − 1]2 + [ sin 𝛼 − 𝛽 − 0 ]2 ------------------(2)
Comparing (1) and (2), we get
(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽)2 + (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛽)2 = [ cos 𝛼 − 𝛽 − 1]2 + [ sin 𝛼 − 𝛽 − 0 ]2
or (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽)2 + (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛽)2 = [ cos 𝛼 − 𝛽 − 1]2 + [ sin 𝛼 − 𝛽 − 0 ]2
or cos2𝛼 – 2cos𝛼.cos𝛽 + cos2𝛽 + sin2𝛼 – 2sin𝛼.sin𝛽 + sin2𝛽 = cos2(𝛼 − 𝛽) – 2cos(𝛼 − 𝛽) + 1 +
sin2(𝛼 − 𝛽)
or sin2𝛼 + cos2𝛼 – 2cos𝛼.cos𝛽 – 2sin𝛼.sin𝛽 + sin2𝛽 + cos2𝛽 = sin2(𝛼 − 𝛽)+ cos2(𝛼 − 𝛽) + 1 –
2cos(𝛼 − 𝛽)
or 1 – 2cos𝛼.cos𝛽 – 2sin𝛼.sin𝛽 + 1 = 1 + 1 – 2cos(𝛼 − 𝛽)
or – 2cos𝛼.cos𝛽 – 2sin𝛼.sin𝛽 = – 2cos(𝛼 − 𝛽)
Dividing by -2, we get
or cos𝛼.cos𝛽 + sin𝛼.sin𝛽 = cos(𝛼 − 𝛽)
 Hence, cos(𝛼 − 𝛽) = cos𝛼.cos𝛽 + sin𝛼.sin𝛽

Q.6(a) QUESTION:
1 1.3 1.3.5
Show that: 2 = 1 + 22 + 2!.24 + 3!.26 + . . .
SOLUTION:
1 1.3 1.3.5
2 = 1 + 22 + 2!.24 + 3!.26 + . . .
Comparing R.H.S with R.H.S of
𝑛 𝑛−1 2
1 + 𝑥 𝑛 = 1 + 𝑛𝑥 + 𝑥 +. . .
2!
1 1
𝑛𝑥 = 2 = ‐ ‐ ‐ (1)
2 4
Squaring both sides
1
𝑛2 𝑥 2 = ‐ ‐ ‐ (2)
16
𝑛 𝑛−1 2 1.3
𝑥 =
2! 2!. 24
3.2!
𝑛 𝑛 − 1 𝑥2 =
2! .16
2
3
𝑛 𝑛−1 𝑥 =
16
÷ 𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑏𝑦 2 , 𝑤𝑒 𝑔𝑒𝑡
𝑛 𝑛 − 1 𝑥2 3 1
2 2
= ÷
𝑛 𝑥 16 16
𝑛−1 3
= × 16
𝑛 16
𝑛−1
= 3 ⟹ 𝑛 − 1 = 3𝑛
𝑛
−1 = 3𝑛 − 𝑛
2𝑛 = −1
1
𝑛=−
2

1
1 ⟹ 𝑛𝑥 =
4
1 1
− 𝑥=
2 4
1
𝑥=−
2

Now,
1
−
1 2
𝑅. 𝐻. 𝑆 = 1 −
2
1
−
1 2
=
2
1
= 2 2
= 2 = 𝐿. 𝐻. 𝑆

Q.6(b) QUESTION:
Solve the following system of equations by Cramer’s Rule:
𝑥 + 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 𝑑, 𝑥 + 1 + 𝑑 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 2𝑑, 𝑥 + 𝑦 + (1 + 𝑑)𝑧 = 0
SOLUTION:
𝑥+𝑦+𝑧 =𝑑
𝑥 + 1 + 𝑑 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 2𝑑
𝑥+𝑦+ 1+𝑑 𝑧 =0 𝑑 ≠ 0

The determinant of the coefficient is

1 1 1
𝐴 = 1 1+𝑑 1
1 1 1+𝑑
Expanding by 𝑅1
1+𝑑 1 1 1 1 1+𝑑
=1 −1 +1
1 1+𝑑 1 1+𝑑 1 1
= 1 + 𝑑 2 − 1 − 1 + 𝑑 − 1 + 1 − (1 + 𝑑)
= 1 + 2𝑑 + 𝑑 2 − 1 − 𝑑 − 𝑑
𝐴 = 𝑑2 ≠ 0, Non-singular

𝑑 1 1
𝐴𝑥 = 2𝑑 1 + 𝑑 1
0 1 1+𝑑
Expanding by 𝐶1
1+𝑑 1 1 1
=𝑑 − 2𝑑 +0
1 1+𝑑 1 1+𝑑
= 𝑑 1 + 𝑑 2 − 1 − 2𝑑 1 + 𝑑 − 1 + 0
= 𝑑 1 + 2𝑑 + 𝑑 2 − 1 − 2𝑑(𝑑)
= 𝑑 2𝑑 + 𝑑 2 − 2𝑑2
= 2𝑑2 + 𝑑3 − 2𝑑2
𝐴𝑥 = 𝑑3

1 𝑑 1
𝐴𝑦 = 1 2𝑑 1
1 0 1+𝑑
Expanding by 𝑅3
𝑑 1 1 𝑑
=1 − 0 + (1 + 𝑑)
2𝑑 1 1 2𝑑
= 𝑑 − 2𝑑 + 1 + 𝑑 2𝑑 − 𝑑
= −𝑑 + 1 + 𝑑 𝑑
= −𝑑 + 𝑑 + 𝑑 2
𝐴𝑦 = 𝑑2

1 1 𝑑
𝐴 = 1 1 + 𝑑 2𝑑
1 1 0
Expanding by 𝑅3
1 𝑑 1 𝑑
=1 −1 +0
1 + 𝑑 2𝑑 1 2𝑑
= 2𝑑 − 𝑑(1 + 𝑑) − 2𝑑 − 𝑑
= 2𝑑 − 𝑑 − 𝑑2 − 𝑑
𝐴𝑧 = −𝑑2

By Cramer’s rule
|𝐴𝑥 | 𝑑3
𝑥= = 2=𝑑
𝐴 𝑑
|𝐴𝑦 | 𝑑2
𝑦 == = 2=1
|𝐴| 𝑑
 |𝐴𝑧 | −𝑑2
𝑧 == = 2 = −1
|𝐴| 𝑑
The solution is: 𝑥 = 𝑑, 𝑦 = 1, 𝑧 = −1

Q.7(a) QUESTION:
Find the remaining trigonometric functions using radian function if 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 = 0.6 and
𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 is negative.
SOLUTION:
As, 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 is positive and 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 is negative so 𝜌(𝜃) is in second quadrant
In a unit circle
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 1 ----(1)
Where 𝑥 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 and 𝑦 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃

Given, sin𝜃 = 𝑦 = 0.6

𝑦 = 0.6 ---(2)
(1) ⇒ 𝑥 2 + 0.6 2 = 1
𝑥 2 + 0.36 = 1
𝑥 2 = 1 − 0.36
𝑥 2 = 0.64
𝑥 = ±0.8
As 𝜌(𝜃) is in second quadrant
𝑥 = −0.8

𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 = 𝑦 = 0.6
1 1
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃 = 𝑦 = 0.6 =
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 = 𝑥 = −0.8
1 −1
𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃 = 𝑥 = 0.8 =
𝑦 0.6
𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 = 𝑥 = −0.8 =
𝑥
𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃 = 𝑦 =

Q.7(a) QUESTION:
Prove any two of the following:
1−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
(i) = 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃
1−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
𝑠𝑖𝑛 2𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2𝜃
(ii) − = 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
𝑠𝑖𝑛 7𝜃−𝑠𝑖𝑛 5𝜃 𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
(iii) 𝑐𝑜𝑠 7𝜃+𝑐𝑜𝑠 5𝜃 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 OR 𝑡𝑎𝑛 2 = 1+𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
SOLUTION:
1−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
(i) = 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃
1+𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
1−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
𝐿. 𝐻. 𝑆 = 1+𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
× 𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ÷ 𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑏𝑦 1 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 , 𝑤𝑒 𝑔𝑒𝑡
1−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 1−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
= ×
1+𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 1−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
1−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 2
= 1 2 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 2
 1−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 2
= 1−sin 2 𝜃
1−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 2
= cos 2 𝜃
1−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 1 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
= = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃 − 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 = 𝑅. 𝐻. 𝑆
𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃

𝑠𝑖𝑛 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2
(ii) − 𝑐𝑜𝑠  = 𝑠𝑒𝑐
𝑠𝑖𝑛 
𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃
𝐿. 𝐻. 𝑆 = −
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
𝑠𝑖𝑛 2𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 −𝑐𝑜𝑠 2𝜃𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
= 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
𝑠𝑖𝑛(2𝜃 − 𝜃)
=
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
=
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
1
=
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
= 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃 = 𝑅. 𝐻. 𝑆
𝑠𝑖𝑛 7θ –sin 5θ
(iii) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛θ
𝑐𝑜𝑠 7θ +cos 5θ
𝑠𝑖𝑛7𝜃 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛5𝜃
𝐿. 𝐻. 𝑆 =
𝑐𝑜𝑠7𝜃 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠5𝜃
7𝜃 + 5𝜃 7𝜃 − 5𝜃 𝑈+𝑉 𝑈−𝑉
2 cos sin ∵ 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑈 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑉 = 2 cos 𝑠𝑖𝑛
= 2 2 2 2
7𝜃 + 5𝜃 7𝜃 − 5𝜃 𝑈+𝑉 𝑈−𝑉
2 cos cos 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑈 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑉 = 2 cos 𝑐𝑜𝑠
2 2 2 2
12𝜃 2𝜃
cos 2 sin 2
=
12𝜃 2𝜃
cos 2 cos 2
cos 6𝜃𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
=
cos 6𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
=
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
= 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 = 𝑅. 𝐻. 𝑆

OR
𝜃 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
(iii) 𝑡𝑎𝑛 2 = 1+𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
sin 𝜃
𝑅. 𝐻. 𝑆 =
1 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
𝜃 𝜃
2𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝜃 𝜃 𝜃 𝜃
= 2
𝜃
2
𝜃 ∵ sin 𝜃 = 2𝑠𝑖𝑛 2 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 & 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 2 – 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 2
1+ 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 – 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2
2 2
𝜃 𝜃
2𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑠
= 𝜃
2 2
𝜃
1−𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2
2 2
𝜃 𝜃 𝜃 𝜃 𝜃
2𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑠
= 𝜃
2 2
𝜃 = 2
𝜃
2
= 2
𝜃
𝑠𝑖𝑛 2 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛 2 2𝑠𝑖𝑛 2 𝑠𝑖𝑛
2 2 2 2
𝜃
= 𝑡𝑎𝑛 2 = 𝐿. 𝐻. 𝑆

Q.7(C) QUESTION:
Solve: 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 34, 𝑥𝑦 + 15 = 0
SOLUTION:
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 34
𝑥𝑦 + 15 = 0
𝑥𝑦 = −15
15
𝑦=− ----(1)
𝑥

15 2
2 ⟹ 𝑥2 + − = 34 𝑈𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 (1)
𝑥
225
𝑥2 + = 34
𝑥2
× 𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑏𝑦 𝑥 2 , 𝑤𝑒 𝑔𝑒𝑡
𝑥 4 + 225 = 34𝑥 2
𝑥 4 − 34𝑥 2 + 225 = 0
𝑥 4 − 25𝑥 2 − 9𝑥 2 + 225 = 0
𝑥 2 𝑥 2 − 25 − 9 𝑥 2 − 25 = 0
𝑥 2 − 25 𝑥 2 − 9 = 0
Either: 𝑥 2 − 25 = 0
𝑥 2 = 25 ⟹ 𝑥 = ±5
Either: 𝑥 2 − 9 = 0
𝑥 2 = 9 ⟹ 𝑥 = ±3
15
(1) ⟹ 𝑦 = −
𝑥
𝑥=5 𝑥 = −5 𝑥=3 𝑥 = −3
15 15 15 15
𝑦=− 𝑦 = − −5 𝑦=− 𝑦 = − −3
5 3
𝑦 = −3, 𝑥 = 5 𝑦 = 3, 𝑥 = −5 𝑦 = −5, 𝑥 = 3 𝑦 = 5, 𝑥 = −3

𝑆. 𝑆 = 5, −3 , −5,3 , 3, −5 , (−3,5)