ABSTRACT

In industries, there will be various loads to be operated and these loads are to
be operated at some specific intervals according to our requirements and also based
on the device’s constraints. For these purposes, a person should be employed to
monitor the status of the loads. But there may be chances that the person may forget
to operate these loads at defined intervals. And also it is not an easy task for a person
to operate these loads manually as these loads run with high currents and high power
consumption. This project gives the best solution for electrical power wastage. Also
the manual operation is completely eliminated. This project provides different on and
off timings to operate the loads. The user can once program these timings according
to his requirements and these timings will be stored in EEPROM and cannot be erased
unless the user wishes to change it again.

This system switches on the loads only at preprogrammed timings. As the

DS1307 Real Time Clock chip with battery back-up is used, there will be no
disturbances for the programmed on/off timings even in power failures.

Three switches are provided for entering the required timings. These switches
made this project user friendly. 16X2 LCD display is provided to display the alarm
times and current time. DS1307 is interfaced to the microcontroller for real timing
performance. A 3V battery can be connected to DS1307 to avoid time disturbances
caused by power failures. The user may even change the preprogrammed timings and
set his timings according to his requirements.

External EPROM is used to store the data. Data stored remains in the memory
even after power failure, as the memory ensures reading of the latest saved settings by
the micro controller. It can retain data for more than ten years.

This project uses regulated 5V, 500mA power supply. Unregulated 12V DC is
used for relay. 7805 three terminal voltage regulator is used for voltage regulation.
Bridge type full wave rectifier is used to rectify the ac out put of secondary of
230/12V step down transformer.
 Block Diagram

LCD
Back-up
Battery

DS1307
RTC

AT89C51 ULN Driver Relays Loads

Crystal

EEPROM

Crystal

Reset circuit

Step +5V to all sections

Bridge Filter
down Rectifier Circuit Regulator
T/F

+12V to Relay