ABSTRACT

The advent of new high-speed technology and the growing computer capacity
provided realistic opportunity for new robot controls and realization of new methods of
control theory. This technical improvement together with the need for high performance
robots created faster, more accurate and more intelligent robots using new robots control
devices, new drives and advanced control algorithms.

This project describes a new economical solution of robot control systems. The
presented robot control system can be used for different sophisticated robot applications.
The control system consists of a PC, a microcontroller that collects data from the PC and
control the robot.

Robot is a system that contains sensors, control systems, manipulators, power

supplies and software all working together to perform a task. Designing, building,
programming and testing a robot is a combination of physics, mechanical engineering,
electrical engineering, structural engineering, mathematics and computing. In some cases
biology, medicine, chemistry might also be involved. A study of robotics means that
students are actively engaged with all of these disciplines in a deeply problem-posing
problem-solving environment.

A complete solution of a robot control solution is presented in this project. The

robot was fully controlled by the PC and the commands from the PC were received by the
microcontroller. The wireless video camera, which was embedded on the robot capture
the video and it was transmitted and the image, was viewed over the windows. The robot
can be used in military applications.

In order to control the robot through PC, data transfer must be ensured between
PC and 8051 system. Serial data communication uses a single data line which makes it
not only cheaper but also enables two computers located in two different cities to
communicate over the telephone. There are special IC chips made by many
manufacturers for serial data communication. These chips are usually referred to as
USART(Universal synchronous-asynchronous receiver-transmitter) and UART(Universal
asynchronous receiver-transmitter). 8051 chip has an in-built UART i.e., it has an
integrated serial port which enables one to read and write values to the serial port very
easily.

The rate of data transfer in serial data communication is stated in bps (bits per
second) or baud rate. To allow data transfer between PC and 8051 system without any
error, the baud rate of the 8051 system should match the baud rate of the PC’s COM port.
Thus the operation mode and baud rate of the serial port is to be configured. Once
configured, read or write operations can be performed accordingly.
 Block Diagram

Power On

Photo
sensor
Array
PC
Microcontroller

MAX232

LED
indication
for colour
sense

Left Right
Motor Motor
Driver Driver