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In vitro anti-cancer
cancer activity of Piper b
betel
etel leaf extract on HA -29 and
its anti
anti-oxidant activity
Dinesh M. D1, Neethu George1, Abdul Bari. K. K1, Hima K. U2, S. Meenatchisundaram3
1
Department of Microbiology, Pazhassiraja College, Pulpally, Wayanad, Kerala, India
2 &3
Department of Microbiology, Nehru Arts and Science College, Thirumalayampalayam,
2&
&3
Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India
ABSTRACT
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 2 | Issue – 4 | May-Jun 2018 Page: 290
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
vacuolization in the cytoplasm of the cells were Table: 1 - Phytochemical result
considered as indicators of cytotoxicity.
Tests Extracts (Piper betel leafs )
2.4.3. Cytotoxicity Assay by MTT Assay Method: Hot extract Cold extract
Fifteen mg of MTT (Sigma, M-5655) was
reconstituted in 3 ml PBS until completely dissolved Saponin _ _
and sterilized by filter sterilization. After 24 hours of Tannin _ _
incubation period, the sample content in wells were
removed and 30µl of reconstituted MTT solution Anthraqunone _ _
was added to all test and cell control wells, the plate
Flavanoid + +
was gently shaken well, then incubated at 37ºC in a
humidified 5% CO2 incubator for 4 hours. After the Salkowsky _ +
incubation period, the supernatant was removed and
Phenol _ _
100µl of MTT Solubilization Solution (DMSO was
added and the wells were mixed gently by pipetting Amino acids + +
up and down in order to solubilise the formazan
Sugars _ _
crystals. The absorbance values were measured by
using microplate reader at a wavelength of 570 nm Reducing sugars _ _
(Laura B. Talarico et al., 2004). The percentage of
growth inhibition was calculated using the formula: Proteins _ +
Abbreviation: - + (Positive) - (Negative)
% Cell viability = Abs (sample)/Abs (control) x100.
Table- 2: In vitro anticancer activity of Piper betel
3. Result leaf extracts against colon cancer cell lines (HT29)
The medicinal plants were collected from in and - Percentage of cell viability (MTT Assay). The %
around wayanad region and hot and cold extracts were Cell viability was determined by using the following
prepared using distilled water as solvent. Preliminary formula. % Cell viability = Abs (sample)/Abs
screening and identification of bioactive chemical (control) x100.
element in the Piper betel were carried out in both
extracts. (Table - 1) Sample Average OD Percentage
The quantitative phosphor molybdenum method was volume (µl) at 540nm Viability
utilized to evaluate the total anti-oxidant capacity of Control 1.4526
the Piper betel leaf extract. The reducing power of the SAMPLE - B
compound is associated with electron donating 6.25 1.3864 95.44265
capacity and serves as an indicator of anti-oxidant 12.5 1.3271333 91.36261
activity with different in the digree of M0 reduction 25 1.2343 84.97177
between extract used .Experiment indicated Piper 50 0.9623 66.24673
betel leaf extract showing high degree of anti-oxidant 100 0.7574 52.14099
capacity than the ethanol extract.
LD 50 value – 98.4442µl/ml (ED50plus software
The anticancer activity of Piper betel leaf extracts on v1.0)
colon cell lines were studied in Biogenix Research
Centre Trivandrum, Kerala. Addition of higher 4. Discussion
concentration of leaf extract, the viability of cells Colon cancer is one of the best understood neoplasms
reminded almost as the primary concentration. The from genetic perspective. Yet it remain the second
LD- 50 value was calculated as 98.4442µl/ml (colon most common cause of cancer related death,
cell lines) of extracts needed for the 50% of cell indicating the some of its cancer cells are not
death. Results indicated that Piper betel extract had eradicated by current therapies. Sanjal Alam et al.,
significant activity against on cancer cell lines. (Table (2013) reported that role of herbal in cancer
– 2). management and he concluded that some herbs
protect the body from cancer by enhancing de-toxic
functions of the body.
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 2 | Issue – 4 | May-Jun 2018 Page: 291
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
Use of betel Leafs was known for centuries for its (2016). Preliminary screening of Anti-cariogenic
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endeavor and moving parts to salivary gland. It Comparative Efficacy of crude Aqueous Extract
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step of digestion, as various enzymes in it break sulphadoxine pyrimethamine on the mice infested
down food; create it easy to digest like ginger, with malariaparasite in vivo. Global J. Pure Appl.
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ascorbic acid in the saliva .Ascorbic acid is an 5) Mosmann, T. (1983). Rapid colorimetric assay for
excellent source of antioxidant, which helps cellular growth and survival: application to
decrease the free radicals in the body, accordingly proliferation and cytotoxicity assays, J.Immunol.
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6) Monks, A., Scudiero, D. & Skehan, P. (1991).
Piper betel leaf show anti-oxidant activity inhibits
Feasibility of a high-flux anticancer drug screen
MCF-7 cell proliferation and increase activities of
using a diverse panel of cultured human tumour
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Anti-proliferative activity of aqueous se extract of
piper betel leaf on KB and HeLa cell line , the aim of 7) Sanjar Alam, Deepti Katiyar, Richa goel, Amita
the study was assessed the effect of the aqueous vats, Assumital. (2013). Journal of phyto
extract of piper betel plant on the proliferation of pharmacology, 46-51, ISSN 2230-480X.
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using cytotoxicity assay ( Fathilah et al., 2010). 8) Fethilah , A R. Sujatha , A W Norhanom. (2010).
Cytotoxic activity of ethanolic extract of piper betel Anti-proliferative activity of aqueous extract of
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melanoma B-16 cells) cancer cell line by employing of medicinal plant research extract. 987-990,
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In our present study LD- 50 98.4442µl/ml possess Dikshit, M. and Ranade, S. (2010). Piper betel
good anticancer activity against colon cancer cell Linn. A maligned Pan-Asiatic plant with an array
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1) Dinesh, M.D., A. Shaheena, K.K., Abdul Bari.,
Neethu George and Meenatchisundaram, S.
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 2 | Issue – 4 | May-Jun 2018 Page: 292