University of Mosul Final Exam.

2011-2012
College of Electronic Engg. T Time: 3 hours
Date: 11 / 6 / 2012
Communication Engg. Dept.
3rdCode:
ClassEECM10T3012
Microwave Engineering Instructor: Prof Khalil Sayidmarie
Code: EECE12F33012

ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS

Q1 / Mark the correct answer among the following:- [ 14 Marks ]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- The dominant mode in waveguides is characterized by:-
a- having propagation constant equal to zero,
b- having phase constant equal to zero,
c-cannot be propagated without the other modes,
d-none of the above.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2- The scattering parameters are used to express relations between:-
a- voltage waves incident on the ports and those travelling away from the ports,
b- total voltages on the ports and total currents on the ports,
c- impedances and admittances of the ports,
d- none of the above.

3- The scattering matrix of a microwave device is symmetrical when:-

a- the device has some amplification,
b- the device has nonlinear elements,
c- the device is passive,
d- the statement is true for all devices.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
4- Ferrite materials used to manufacture microwave devices are characterized by:-
a- high conductivity and large relative permeability,
b- large relative permeability and small skin depth,
c- low loss and large relative permeability,
d- none of these.
5- The isolator is used to:-
a-reduce the power level to the wanted value,
b-pass microwave signal at low attenuation in one direction not the other,
c-pass microwave signal in both directions at low loss,
d-produce some phase shift for the transmitted signal.
6- An axial magnetic field and a radial electric field are used in :
a- reflex klystron, b- magnetron,
c- travelling wave tube TWT amplifier, d- two-cavity klystron frequency multiplier.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
7- The modes in a reflex klystron :
a- give the same frequency but at different transit time,
b- result from excessive transit time across the resonator gap,
c- are caused by spurious frequency modulation,
d- are just for theoretical considerations.
 Q2] A rectangular waveguide has cross section dimensions of 1.5 cm x 0.8 cm, and filling
medium having σ =0, μ= μ0, and ε= 4 ε 0. The magnetic field intensity inside the waveguide is:-

H = 2 Sin (π x/ a) Cos (2π y / b) Sin (5π ×10 10 t − β z) ax A/m

Determine:-
a- The mode of operation.
b- The cut off frequency for the above mode.
c- The propagation constant.
d-The electric field intensity inside the waveguide.
e-The transmitted power through the waveguide. [ 12 Marks ]

Q3] In the shown microwave circuit, the bolometer has VSWR=2 and reads 20mW. The loads Z1 &
Z2 have VSWR of 1.5 and 2 respectively. The 2-port device S has the shown parameters, the
directional coupler has 30dB coupling and infinite directivity, while the circulator has 1 dB loss.
Determine: - [ 12 Marks]
a-The power supplied to loads Z1 and Z2.
b- The power supplied by the source.
c- The VSWR at the source.
Z1 Z2
0 0.7
[S] = 0.7 0
S D.C. B
Bolometer
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q4] (A) Explain briefly the differences between Isolator and Circulator.
(B) The bunching grids of a Klystron amplifier are 2 mm apart. The beam voltage is 2 kV and the
drift space is 3 cm long. What must be the value of the RF voltage at the bunching grids to produce
maximum fundamental component of the current at the catcher cavity. Assume the operating
frequency 2.8 GHz. On what factors does the bunching parameter depend upon?.
[ 4+8 Marks ]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q5] (A) A reflex Klystron operates at the peak of n=1 or 3/4 mode. The dc power input is
40mW and ratio of V1 to V0 is 0.278. Given that J1(X') has max. of 0.52 at X'=2.405.
a- Determine the efficiency of the Reflex Klystron Oscillator
b- Find the total power output in mW.
c- If 20% of the power delivered by the electron beam is dissipated in the cavity walls,
find the power delivered to the load.
(B ) Design a maximally flat low pass filter to pass the frequencies in the range (0 – 4) GHz. The
attenuation at 8 GHz should be not less than 13dB. The impedance level is 50 Ω. Draw a diagram
showing how this filter can be realized. [ 6+4 Marks ]

C = 3*108 m/s o = 4*10-7 H/m o = 10-9/36F/m

e = 1.602*10-19 Col. m = 9.1*10-31 kg.
For maximally flat LPF prototype, the element values are
(N=1, g0 =1.0, g1 =2.0, g2 =1.0)
(N=2, g0 =1.0, g1 =1.414, g2 =1.414, g3=1.0),
(N=3, g0 =1.0, g1 =1.0, g2 =2.0, g3=1.0, g4= 1.0),
(N=4, g0 =1.0, g1 =0.77, g2 =1.85, g3=1.85, g4= 0.77, g5=1.0).
University of Mosul Final Exam. 2011-2012
College of Electronic Engg. T Time: 3 hours
Date: 9 / 9/ 2012
Communication Engg. Dept.
3rdCode:
ClassEECM10T3012
Microwave Engineering Instructor: Prof Khalil Sayidmarie
Code: EECE12F33012

ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS

Q1 / Mark the correct answer among the following:- [ 14 Marks ]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- A wavemeter is used for:-
a- matching a load to a microwave signal source,
b- measuring of RF and microwave frequencies,
c- measuring the scattering parameters,
d- none of these.
2- Conventional electronic tubes, operating at RF and microwave frequencies, suffer from:-
a-inter-electrode capacitances and lead inductances,
b-bunching of electrons between grid and anode,
c- velocity modulation of electrons between grid and anode,
d- none of the above.
3- Frequency modulation of the microwave signal can be easily achieved in:-
a- Gunn diodes,
b- two cavity klystron amplifiers,
c- TWT tubes, d- reflex klystrons.
4- One of the conditions required, in a semiconducting material, to show Gunn effect is that;
the energy difference between upper and lower valleys in the conduction band be:-
a- equal in the two valleys, and electrons in the lower valley have lower mobility.
b- equal to the forbidden gap energy Eg =1.43 eV.
c- larger than the thermal energy ( 0.026 eV) at room temperature.
d- none of the above.

5- When it is required to split a microwave signal into two parts that are equal in magnitude
and opposite in phase, the following matched device is used:-
a- H-plane T-junction waveguide, b- 3-dB directional coupler,
c- 3-port circulator, d- E-plane T-junction waveguide.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
6- The role of the electric filed in magnetrons is to:-
a- forces electrons to move in circular paths,
b- repel electrons towards the cathode,
c- accelerate electrons towards the anode, d- none of these.

7- The common features between TWT and two cavity klystrons :-

a-velocity modulation and density modulation, b- generation of microwave signals,
c- velocity modulation only, d- none of these.
 Q2] A rectangular waveguide has cross section dimensions of 1 cm x 0.5 cm, and filling
medium having σ =0, μ= μ0, and ε= 4 ε 0. The electric field intensity inside the
waveguide is:-
E = 5 exp(-0.1 z) Sin (314 x ) Sin (6.28 ×10 10 t − β z) ay V/m
Determine:-
a- The mode of operation.
b- The cut off frequency for the above mode.
c- The propagation constant.
d- The magnetic field intensity inside the waveguide.
e- The transmitted power through the waveguide. [ 12 Marks ]
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q3] In the shown microwave circuit, the Magic Tee, circulator, and attenuator are all matched,
while the loads Z1, Z2 , Z3 have VSWR of 1.5, 1, and 1.5 respectively.
Determine the power dissipated in the loads: Z1, Z2 , Z3 , and the VSWR at the source.

Z2
Short
M.T. 3dB attenuator

Z1 Z3

10mw
[ 12 Marks]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q4] (A) Explain briefly, with diagrams when necessary, what is meant by the following:-
Faraday rotation, tunnel diode, bolometers, negative resistance.
(B) A reflex klystron has the following parameters: Beam voltage: Vo =1000V, Beam
current: Io = 30mA, Frequency:f= 8 GHz, Gap spacing in cavity: d = 1mm, L=2mm,
Effective shunt impedance: Rsh= 40K.
a- Draw diagram for the klystron and indicate various parts.
b- Find the value of the repeller voltage necessary for operation at 1 3/4 mode.
c- What will happen to the output power and frequency of generated signal if the above
voltage is increased by 5%. [ 6+6 Marks ]
Q5] (A) A two cavity Klystron amplifier has the following parameters:- V0 = 1500V,
I0 = 25mA, Ro = 30kΩ, f = 9 GHz, d= 1 mm, L = 4 cm, Rsh= 30kΩ. Calculate:-
a- the input voltage for maximum output voltage.
b- the voltage gain in decibels.
c- efficiency.
(B ) Design a maximally flat low pass filter to pass the frequencies in the range (0 – 2) GHz. The
attenuation at 4 GHz should be not less than 10dB. The impedance level is 50 Ω. Draw a diagram
showing how this filter can be realized using discrete and microstrip methods.
[ 5+5 Marks ]
C = 3*108 m/s o = 4*10-7 H/m o = 10-9/36F/m
e = 1.602*10-19 Col. m = 9.1*10-31 kg.
For maximally flat LPF prototype, the element values are (N=1, g0 =1.0, g1 =2.0, g2 =1.0)
(N=2, g0 =1.0, g1 =1.414, g2 =1.414, g3=1.0),
(N=3, g0 =1.0, g1 =1.0, g2 =2.0, g3=1.0, g4= 1.0),
(N=4, g0 =1.0, g1 =0.77, g2 =1.85, g3=1.85, g4= 0.77, g5=1.0).
 University of Mosul Final Exam 2010/2011
College of Electronic Engg. T Time: 3 hours
Communication Engg. Dept. Date: 5 June 2011

3rd Class Microwave Engineering Code: EECM11F3012 Instructor: Prof Khalil Sayidmarie

NOTE: ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS

Q1] Mark the correct answer among the following:-
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1- The dominant mode in waveguides is characterized by:-
a- having propagation constant equal to zero.
b- having the lowest cutoff frequency.
c- cannot be propagated without the other modes.
d- having phase constant that changes linearly with frequency.

2- The Isolator is used to:-

a- attenuate the power level to the wanted value.
b- pass microwave signal at low attenuation in one direction, and not the other.
c- pass microwave signal in both directions at low loss.
d- produce phase shift for the transmitted signal in one direction, and not the other.
3- One of the conditions required, in a semiconducting material, to show Gunn effect is that; the
energy difference between upper and lower valleys in the conduction band be:-
a- smaller than 0.026 eV, and electrons in the lower valley have lower mobility.
b- equal to the forbidden gap energy Eg =1.43 eV.
c- larger than the thermal energy ( 0.026 eV) at room temperature.
d- none of the above.

4- The common features between TWT and two cavity klystrons are :-
a- velocity modulation and density modulation.
b- generation of microwave signals.
c- velocity modulation only. d- none of these.

5- The scattering parameters are used to express relations between:-

a- voltage waves incident on the ports and those transmitted out of the ports.
b- total voltages on the ports and total currents on the ports.
c- impedances and admittances of the ports. d- none of these

6- A transistor amplifier is said to be unilateral when:-

a- It is matched at its input only. c- It has S21 = 0.
b- It is matched at its output only. d- It has S12 =0.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q2] A rectangular waveguide has cross section dimensions of 1.5 cm x 0.8 cm, and filling
medium of air. The magnetic field intensity inside the waveguide is:-
   x   a  x   
H  H 0 Cos a z  j Sin a x  Sin (3  10 t  z )
10

  a    a   A/m
Determine:-
a- The mode of operation. b- The cut off frequency for the above mode.
c- The propagation constant. d-The electric field intensity inside the waveguide.
e-The transmitted power through the waveguide.
 Q3] (A) A normal circular magnetron has inner radius of 0.1 m, outer radius 0.2 m, and
magnetic flux density B0= 12 mWb/m2. Determine, the Hull cutoff voltage, and the
cycltron frequency.

(B) A two cavity Klystron amplifier has the following parameters:-

V0 = 1500V, I0 = 20mA, Rsho = RB = RL = 90kΩ, f = 10 GHz, d= 1 mm, L = 4 cm. Find:-
a- the input voltage for maximum output voltage.
b- the voltage gain in decibels.
c- the efficiency.
d-suggest a method to produce an output signal of 20 GHz frequency.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q4] In the shown microwave circuit, the bolometer B has VSWR of 1.5, and reads 10 mW.
The loads Z1 , Z2 , & Z3 have VSWR of 1.0, 1.0, and 2 respectively. The circulator
has 1dB insertion loss and infinite isolation. The device S is defined by the shown
scattering matrix. Determine: -
- The power dissipated in the loads Z1, Z2 , and Z3 .
- The power supplied by the source, and VSWR at the source.

Z1
Z2 Z3 0 0.7
[S] =
0.7 0

S B

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q5] (A) Design a maximally flat low pass filter to pass the frequencies in the range (0 – 4)
GHz. The attenuation at 8 GHz should be higher than 10dB. The impedance level is 50Ω. Draw
circuit diagram for the design filter using discrete components, and find their values.

(B) A reflex Klystron operates at accelerating voltage of 600 Volt, frequency of 10 GHz, at the
peak of n=2 or 1 3/4 mode. The grids-repeller distance is 1mm.
1- Determine the repeller voltage.
2- If the above repeller voltage is reduced by 10%, what will be the new klystron parameters.
3- Find the required direct current to give microwave gap voltage of 100 Volt.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C = 3*108 m/s o = 4*10-7 H/m o = 10-9/36F/m
e = 1.602*10-19 Col. m = 9.1*10-31 kg
For maximally flat LPF prototype, the element values are (N=1, g0 =1.0, g1 =2.0, g2 =1.0)
(N=2, g0 =1.0, g1 =1.414, g2 =1.414, g3=1.0),
(N=3, g0 =1.0, g1 =1.0, g2 =2.0, g3=1.0, g4= 1.0),
(N=4, g0 =1.0, g1 =0.77, g2 =1.85, g3=1.85, g4= 0.77, g5=1.0).
 University of Mosul MakeUp Exam 2010/2011
College of Electronic Engg. T Time: 3 hours
Communication Engg. Dept. Date: 7 Sept. 2011

3rd Class Microwave Engineering Code: EECM11F3012 Instructor: Prof Khalil Sayidmarie

NOTE: ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS

[Q1]-A Mark the correct answer among the following:-
[1] The advantage of waveguides over coaxial cables is:
a- They are simpler to manufacture,
b- Power losses are lower,
c- Higher operating frequencies are possible,
d- All of the above.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[2] Which of the S-parameters is commonly referred to as "reverse isolation" in an amplifier?
a- S21,
b- S22,
c- S12,
d- none of these.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[3] An ideal directional coupler has a directivity of 25 dB and an isolation of 40 dB.
What is its coupling value?
a- 65 dB,
b- 40 dB,
c- 15 dB,
d- none of these.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q1] B- Explain briefly:-
a- What are the effects of transit time in RF electronic tubes ?.
b- Compare TWT tube with Klystron amplifiers.
c- Explain what is negative resistance?.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q2] A rectangular waveguide has cross section dimensions of 1.5 cm x 0.8 cm,
and filling medium having ( μ= μ0, and εr = 4 ε0 ). The magnetic field
intensity inside the waveguide is:-

Hx= 2 sin ( π x/a) cos ( 3π y/b) sin (π X 1011 t –β z) e-0.1z ax A/m

Determine:-
a- The mode of operation. b- The cut off frequency.
c- The propagation constant. d-The electric field intensity in the waveguide.
e-The transmitted power through the waveguide.
 Q3] (A) What are the differences between Isolators and Circulators.

(B) A waveguide having circular cross-section dimension of 5 cm. Find the

range of frequencies at which only one mode will propagate. What is that mode.
Find the dimensions of a rectangular wave guide which will have the same range of
frequencies
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Q4] In the shown microwave circuit, the Magic Tee, and circulator are
matched, while the loads Z1, Z2 , Z3 have VSWR of 1.5, 1, 1 respectively.
Determine the power dissipated in Z1, Z2 , Z3 and, VSWR at the source.


Z2 0 0.7
Short
[S] = 
0.7 0
M.T.

S 
Z3 Z1


10mw

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Q5] (A) Design a maximally flat low pass filter to pass the frequencies up to 5
GHz. The attenuation at 10 GHz should be higher than 10dB. The impedance level
is 50Ω. Draw circuit diagram for the designed filter using discrete components, and
find their values. Suggest new filter parameters if the cutoff frequency is to be
doubled.

(B) The bunching grids of a Klystron amplifier are 2 mm apart. The beam voltage is
2KV and the drift space is 2.8 cm Long. What must be the value of the RF voltage
at the bunching grid to produce maximum fundamental component of the current at
the catcher cavity. Assume the operating frequency 2.8 GHz. On what factors does
the bunching parameter depend upon?.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C = 3*108 m/s o = 4*10-7 H/m o = 10-9/36F/m
e = 1.602*10-19 Col. m = 9.1*10-31 kg
For maximally flat LPF prototype, the element values are (N=1, g0 =1.0, g1 =2.0, g2 =1.0)
(N=2, g0 =1.0, g1 =1.414, g2 =1.414, g3=1.0),
(N=3, g0 =1.0, g1 =1.0, g2 =2.0, g3=1.0, g4= 1.0),
(N=4, g0 =1.0, g1 =0.77, g2 =1.85, g3=1.85, g4= 0.77, g5=1.0).