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Applications
ations of Nanobiotechnology in Food P
Packaging
ackaging
ABSTRACT
In present scenario as world is moving at alarming information
ormation about food which are being offered for
rate in the same way technologies are also developing sale[8].
at alarming rate. Today, nanotechnology has given a
very good application for packing material on Nanotechnology, an emerging platform for the
molecular scale so as to give desired properties to tthe development and transformation of agrifood
material. Simple packaging to food is being replaced production and packaging systems. In a present
by advanced packing by the help of nanotechnology. scenario movement of nanotechnology from
With the help of nanoparticles, bottles and packages laboratory and onto farm,
rm, supermarket, shelves and
with light resistance can be produced. These kitchen table (for ex smart agricultural inputs like
properties of packing increases the shelf life of ffood nanoseed varieties, nanoencapsulation technique, to
with preserving flavours and colors. The alter nutritional composition, flavor and other
nanostructured film can also prevent the food from attributes. Production of nanoparticles includes
encountering of organisms like bacteria to ensure food breakdown of large amount of chemical compounds
safety. Nanosensors can be used in packaging purpose into nanoparticles. For the production of cheaper,
which can alarm us when food gets spoiled. more durable or greater quantities of existing products
the techniques used are nanoparticles, nanodecider
Keywords: Intelligent packaging, smart packaging, and other nano systems [1,2].Nanotechnology simply
RFID (radiofrequency identifications tags), means involvement of nanotechnology
nan for the
biosensors, active packaging, time time-temperature manipulation or interchanging living organisms and
indicators, gas indicators enable the merging of biological as well as
nanobiological materials for facilitating genetic
Introduction engineered breeding programmes. Incorporation of
synthetic materials into biological organisms
organi and
“Nanotechnology refers to a part of science and creating new forms of living systems [2].
technology which tells about the control of matter on Nanotechnology Research and Development
the atomic and molecular scale which means things facilitated and frame the next stage development of
that are about 1 to 100 nanometers”. The start of groups that are genetically modified crops, chemical
nanotechnology comes from the ideas which were pesticides, farming techniques in the Agriculture
first used in talk – “there’s plenty of room at bottom”, sector [3].
a talk given by an American Physicist sicist Richard
Feynman at Caltech on Dec 29, 1959. For delivering DNA and chemicals into plants and
animal cells and tissues, silica nanoparticles have
Food packaging refers to packaging used for foods
been used [3]. Nanosensors or nanoscale wireless
which provide protection, tempering resistance and
sensors refers to the division of nanotechnologies and
special physical, chemical or biological needs. It
information technologies. With the large scale
consists of nutrition facts, label and some other
development
velopment of artificial nanocompounds in factories
An emerging technology that uses communication A system in which product, the package and
function of packaging is the intelligent packaging to environment interact in a positive way to extend shelf
enhance the quality of food and its safety. A proposed life is the Active packaging While maintaining the
model of packaging functions is the intelligent quality of food , the packaging system has changes the
packaging. Several types of packaging are divided conditions to extend shelf life, food safety and
into primary, secondary and tertiary: sensory properties of packaging.A group of
technology that uses packaging films to absorb
Primary gases(like O2, water vapours, ethylene from package
1. Aseptic processing – liquid whole eggs or headspace or to emit gases( such
dairy products asCO2,CH3CH2OH)so that internal package
2. Trays – portion of fish or meat environment and shelf life extensions which is
3. Bags – potato chips, apples, rice favourable to the packaging is achieved is the Gas
4. Cans – can of tomato soup emitting/ absorbing packaging. A group of technology
5. Cartons – cartons of eggs, milk, juice that uses packaging materials to release active
6. Flexible packaging – bagged salad comounds( antimicrobials, enzymes, flavors) to
protect against microbial spoilage and to enhance the
Secondary food quality is the Controlled release packaging. Most
Boxes – corrugated box of primary packages: box of attention in this group has been found on
cereal cartons, frozen pizzas antimicrobial packaging. To control the permeation of
oxygen , water vapour, and CO2 uses the breathable
films that are known to be a selective permeable
films. To the early development of food distribution
system, traditional packaging contributed greater but
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 2 | Issue – 1 | Nov-Dec 2017 Page: 663
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
now, but it is no longer sufficient because today’s Oxygen scavenging materials
society has become very complex and so their food
needs also [4,8]. Now, the food packaging has Nanocomposites for food packaging. As we are
become innovative because consumer demands for familiar that O2 is responsible for deterioration of
minimally processed foods with fewer preservatives, many foods either directly or indirectly. Oxygen
food tourism , market globalization and concern about scavenging films were successfully developed by
the food safety . In recent years, with the increase in adding Titania which is a type of nanoparticle to
frequency in conferences, symposium/journals and different polymer. Fermentation took a very important
magazines, the term intelligent packaging has began place in the concept of food packaging and its
to appear. Rijik, 2002 defined intelligent packaging as preservatives from earlier centuries. In the 19th
one that monitored the conditions of packaged foods century pioneer such as Louis Pasteur, Samuel C.
to give information about the quality of food Prescolt etc understood developed food packaging and
packaging and its storage. According to our preservation concepts for maintaining today’s
definition, a packaging is ‘smart’, if it will be able to relevancy. 20th centuries invention in such as glass
track the product bottles, cellophane wrap, aluminum foil and plastics
, scan the environmental conditions present inside or greater utility and flexibility in food packaging [9,10].
outside the package (For ex- Smart packaging is one Microorganism causes the food spoilage, its
that monitor the quality of food and its safety metabolism produces gases and can be detected by
conditions, its gradients like flavor and mixtures, conduction of polymer nanocomposites (CPC) or
manufacturing conditions, environments etc) [9]. metal oxides. Attachment of antibodies to fluorescent,
nanocomposites for detection of chemicals or
pathogen born from food( food borne pathogen. To
Communication
prevent spoilage and oxygen absorption, nanoclays
and nanofilms are used as barrier materials. For
detecting ethylene content electrochemical biosensors
are used. Developments of more heat resistant films
which has silicon nanoparticles and has lighter weight
food for the packaging of food permeation behavior of
aluminum foils are modified.[11]
packaging
Protection Convenience
functions
Containment
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 2 | Issue – 1 | Nov-Dec 2017 Page: 664
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
Edible nanocoating is a type of coating which can be hence enabling the cheaper production [11,13]. Other
used as meats, cheese, fruits, vegetables, way in the processing of nanopackaging is
confectionary, baking products and fast foods. nonbiodegradable packaging that uses some of the
Packaging releasing nanoscale antimicrobials, nanomaterials to give strength to bioplastics (plant
antioxidants, flavors, fragrances or nutraceuticals into based plastics) is used instead of fossil fuels based
food or beverages to extend its shelf life, to improve plastics for the packaging of foods and carry bags..
its taste and smell. Sensor packaging was also enabled Some of the German Research Institutes industry
by nanotechnology to incorporate cheap parties took part in forces to develop a kind of nano
Radiofrequency Identification (RFID) tags. These tags food packaging which should be nonstick for the
are smaller flexible and printed on their labels. This products like mayonnaise and tomato sauce containers
helps in increasing the versatility of RFID tags and [12].
Active Intelligent
packaging packaging
2008- approx. 27%
2008- $1.4 billion
$ 4.6 billion
@ IJTSRD | Available Online @ www.ijtsrd.com | Volume – 2 | Issue – 1 | Nov-Dec 2017 Page: 665
International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD) ISSN: 2456-6470
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