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Literature
A Report in English 45 (Teaching of
Literature)
LyricPoetry;
Narrative Poetry; and
Descriptive and Didactic
Poetry.
Lyric Poetry
Is a comparatively short, non-narrative poem in which a single
speaker presents a state of mind or an emotional state.
It has 4 kinds:
Elegy - a poem of serious reflection, typically a lament for the
dead.
Ode - a poem in which a person expresses a strong feeling of love
or respect for someone or something.
Sonnet - a fourteen-line poem written in iambic pentameter,
which employ one of several rhyme schemes and adhere to a
tightly structured thematic organization.
Dramatic Monolouge - a poem in the form of a speech or narrative
by an imagined person, in which the speaker inadvertently reveals
aspects of their character while describing a particular situation or
series of events.
Examples of Lyric Poetry
Elegy
O Captain! My Captain!
My Captain does not answer, his lips are pale and still;
My father does not feel my arm, he has no pulse nor will;
The ship is anchor'd safe and sound, its voyage closed and
done;
From fearful trip, the victor ship, comes in with object
won;
Exult, O shores, and ring, O bells!
But I, with mournful tread,
Walk the deck my Captain lies,
Fallen cold and dead.
Ode
Ode on Intimations of Immortality from Recollections of
Early Childhood by William Wordsworth.
There was a time when meadow, grove, and stream,
The earth, and every common sight
To me did seem
Apparelled in celestial light,
The glory and the freshness of a dream.
It is not now as it hath been of yore;--
Turn wheresoe'er I may,
By night or day,
The things which I have seen I now can see no more.
Sonnet
And every fair from fair sometime
Shall I compare thee to a summer's declines,
day?
By chance, or nature's changing course
Thou art more lovely and more untrimmed:
temperate: But thy eternal summer shall not fade,
Rough winds do shake the darling Nor lose possession of that fair thou
buds of May, ow'st,
And summer's lease hath all too Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in
his shade,
short a date:
When in eternal lines to time thou
Sometime too hot the eye of heaven grow'st,
shines,
So long as men can breathe, or eyes
And often is his gold complexion can see,
dimmed, So long lives this, and this gives life to
thee.
Fiction
Non - Fiction
Fiction
Fiction
Literature in the form of prose, especially short
stories and novels, that describes imaginary events
and people.
There are 2 kinds of Fiction literature:
Realistic Fiction - is a genre consisting of stories that
could have actually occurred to people or animals in
a believable setting.
Fantastic Fiction -a type of fiction that ideologically
and aesthetically subordinates reality to imagination
by depicting a world of marvels that is contrasted to
everyday reality and to accepted views of what is
credible.
Non – Fiction
Non – Fiction
Prose writing that is based on facts, real events, and real
people, such as biography or history.
There are 4 kinds of Non – fiction literature:
Biographies - is a detailed description of a person's life. It
involves more than just the basic facts like education, work,
relationships, and death, but also portrays a subject's
experience of these life events.
Autobiographies - is a written account of the life of a person
written by that person.
Essays - is, generally, a piece of writing that gives the author's
own argument — but the definition is vague, overlapping with
those of an article, a pamphlet, and a short story.
Articles - a piece of writing included with others in a
newspaper, magazine, or other publication.
Humour - situations, speech, or writings that are thought to be
humorous
Drama
Genre of Literature
Drama
a piece of writing that tells a story and is performed on a
stage.
e.g
Miranda Priestly: Do you know why I hired you? I always hire
the same girl- stylish, slender, of course... worships the
magazine. But so often, they turn out to be- I don't know-
disappointing and, um... stupid. So you, with that impressive
résumé and the big speech about your so-called work ethic- I,
um- I thought you would be different. I said to myself, go
ahead. Take a chance. Hire the smart, fat girl. I had hope. My
God. I live on it. Anyway, you ended up disappointing me more
than, um- more than any of the other silly girls.
- Meryl Streep (The Devil Wears Prada, 2006)
There are 6 kinds of Drama:
Comedy;
Tragedy;
Farce;
Melodrama;
Fantasy; and
Musical.
Comedy
Comedies are lighter in tone than
ordinary writers, and provide a
happy conclusion. The intention of
dramatists in comedies is to make
their audience laugh. Hence, they
use quaint circumstances, unusual
characters and witty remarks.
Tragedy
Tragic dramas use darker
themes such as disaster, pain
and death. Protagonists often
have a tragic flaw—a
characteristic that leads them
to their downfall.
Farce
Generally, a farce is a nonsensical
genre of drama, which often
overacts or engages slapstick humor.
It’s basically, what you call a
“Parody”
Melodrama
Melodrama is an exaggerated
drama, which is sensational and
appeals directly to the senses
of audience. Just like the farce,
the characters are of single
dimension and simple, or may
be stereotyped.
Fantasy
It is a complete fictional work where
characters virtually display supernatural
skills. It is more appealing to children as
fairies, angels, superheroes, etc., are
embedded in the plot. Use of magic,
pseudo science, horror, and spooky themes
through various kinds of technical devices
create a perfect world of fantasy. The
modern version of drama incorporates a
great deal of special effects.
Musical
In musical drama, the dramatists not
only tell their story through acting
and dialogue, nevertheless through
dance as well as music. Often the
story may be comedic, though it
may also involve serious subjects.
Quiz
Get 1/4th Sheet of Paper
Write your Name, the Date today,
and the Time.
Enumeration
10 Items
1-3. Enumerate the 3 Genres
of Literature.
2-5. Enumerate the 2 types of
Prose.
6-10. List down at least 5
kinds of Drama.
True or False?
5 Items
1. Autobiographies is a detailed
description of a person's life. It
involves more than just the basic facts
like education, work, relationships,
and death, but also portrays a
subject's experience of these life
events.
2. Poetry is a written or spoken
language in its ordinary form, without
metrical structure.
3. Elegy is a poem of light theme,
typically a lament for the dead.
4. Literature, in its broadest sense,
consists of any written productions.
5. Genre is any category of literature,
music, or other forms of art or
entertainment, whether written or
spoken, audio or visual, based on some
set of stylistic criteria