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REINFORCED BRICKWORK

REINFORCED BRICK WORK IS THE ONE IN


(RBW)
WHICH THE BRICK MASONRY IS
STRENGHTENED BY THE PROVISION OF MILD
STEEL BARS, HOOP IRON, EXPANDED MESS.

Group Members :
BINDRESH KR.
SATYA PRAKASH
RAHUL KR.
INTRODUCTION

 Reinforced brick masonry (RBM) consists of


brick masonry which incorporates steel
reinforcement embedded in mortar.

 This masonry has greatly increased


resistance to forces that produce tensile and
shear stresses.

 The reinforcement provides additional


tensile strength, allowing better use of brick
masonry's inherent compressive strength.

 The two materials complement each other,


resulting in an excellent structural material.
HISTORY

Brick masonry is one of the oldest forms of building


construction, and reinforcement has been used to
strengthen masonry since 1813.
SIR MARC ISAMBARD BRUNEL

BORN 25 April , 1769

DIED 12 Dec. 1849

NATIONALITY French

KNOWN FOR Thames Tunnel


REINFORCED BRICK WORK USES

• FIRST CLASS
BRICK

CEMENT
MORTAR


REINFORCEMEN
T
FIRST CLASS BRICK

 well burnt table moulded brick


 uniform in colour
 uniform length and wide
 sharp well defined edges
 Smooth surface without having any :
 Flaws
 Cracks
 Stone grits
FIRST CLASS BRICK

PROCESS OF MANUFACTURE
 Preparation of earth

 Moulding

 drying

 Burning
CEMENT MORTAR
BINDING
 This term is used to MATERIAL
indicate a paste prepared
by adding required quantity
of water to a mixture of
 matrix like cement
 adulterant like sand.

 The combined effect of the


AGGREGATE
two components of mortar
is that the mass is able to
bind the bricks or stones
firmly.
CEMENT MORTAR
 cement mortar uses in R.B.W. has HIGH DENSITY.

 it holds reinforced at desired position

 cemen:sand ratio :

 1 : 3 (MOST COMMON)

 1: 4
BINDING MATERIAL
 OPC (Ordinary Portland Cement)

 PPC (Portland Pozzuolana Cement)

 SRC (Sulphate Resisting Portland


Cement)

 Low Heat Portland Cement

 Rapid Hardening Portland


Cement
REINFORCEMENT
PRINCIPLES OF REINFORCEMENTS
 tension occurs when bending forces act on structural elements
such as

 beam

 cantilevers

 steel is excellent in resisting tension and can be incorporated into


brickwork as reinforcement

 the steel must be located in the masonry where tension is occur-


typically at the bottom of a horizontal beam and at the top of a
horizontal cantilever.
WROUGHT IRON FLAT BARS

• Two strips of hoop iron


are used per header brick

•One hoop iron per


stretcher brick

• steel flats may also be


used in place of hoop iron

•Its usual to reinforce


every sixth course
STEEL MESS
 steel messes also known as EXMET
 made from rolled steel plates
 Its expanded by machine and is known as
expanded EXMET
 Provided at every third course
 Available in widths of
 65mm,
 176mm and
 230 to 305mm with thickness of
0.6mm,0.8mm and 1mm.
 Supplied in coils of 83m length
BRICK ARCHES

SEMI CIRCULAR ARCH

SEGMENTAL ARCH :
In college canteen
BRICK SLAB
REIFORCED BRICK BEAM
VERTICAL REINFORCEMENTS

 Mild steel bars is provided in brick


columns, brick walls and brick
retaining walls

 sometimes, in such circumstances


special bricks, with one or two holes
extending upto the face

 Brick retaining walls are often


reinforced since such a work is
cheaper than R.C.C.
EXAMPLE OF VERTICAL

REINFORCEMENT
ATTACHED
PIER

PIER
PIERS
S

ISOLATED PIERS
COLUMNS
NOMINAL COVER TO REINFORCEMENTS

Exposure Minimum nominal SIZE (mm)

Mild 20

Moderate 30

Severe 45

Very Severe 50

Extreme 75
WATER

 Clean water to be used


in the preparation of
mortar.

 The pH of water not less


than 6.

 Sea water not to be used


in R.B.W.

Limits in Mixing Water


 Sulphates(as SO3)---
400mg/litre

 Chlorides (as Cl )---500mg/litre


CURING OF R.B.W.
 the act of maintaining controlled conditions for freshly
brick work for some definite period following the placing
and finishing operations to assure the proper hydration of
cement and proper hardening of brick work.
 Methods of Curing:
 Retaining formwork
 Shading of brick work
 Covering of surfaces with cotton mats
 Continuous sprinklings of exposed surfaces
 Ponding method
 Membrane curing
 Steam curing
 Electrical method of curing
 Retaining
Formwork:
 useful for curing
vertical surfaces of
structural elements
 Useful in cold
countries
 Not sufficient for hot
countries because
formwork can only
preserve the
moisture inside the
brick work, but
cannot prevent
evaporation.
SHADING OF R.B.W.
 Essential in dry weather

 objective of shading to prevent the evaporation of water

 Also protects the surface from rain

 Limited application

Covering Surfaces with wet material:


• most widely used

Continuous sprinklings of exposed


surfaces
 Ponding method: most efficient method of curing.
suitable for construction of arches, roof slabs, lintel
etc.

 Membrane curing: membrane serves as a physical


barrier to prevent loss of moisture from the brick work
to be cured

 Steam curing: It leads to increase rate of strength


development

 Electrical method of curing: by passing alternate


current of low voltage
ADVANTAGE OF R.B.W. OVER R.C.C.
 Additional strength imparted to the masonry

 Low cost housing

 low labor cost

 Reinforced brick beams and lintels allow the designer to achieve


exposed brick on the underside of these element.

 It plays an important role in earthquake more better than R.C.C.

 Brick retaining walls are often reinforced since such a work is cheaper
than R.C.C
REASONS FOR DETORIATION
• Lower unit cement content.

• Presence of high chloride content

• Inadequate cement mortar cover to reinforcements

• Ingress of moisture

• Carbonation of mortar in the neighbourhood of steel


PREVENTION
 Basic principle of prevention of corrosion is to
maintain passivity of the embedded steel
reinforcement by the high alkalinity.

 By dipping the bars in hot tar

 In case of mess :
the metal in the coil form is coated with oil
and deep in asphaltum paint.
EXAMPLES

OF
REINFORCED BRICK
WORK
:
:
HOUSING IN U.S.

 Single storey building plan

 Less affordable housing plan

 9-10 storey housing plan

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