Visual Image Of Physical Traditional Elements As An Identity

Of Local Architecture In Penglipuran Village Bali

Agus S. Sadana1, Ashri Prawesthi D1 and Cynthia Puspitasari1

1
Lecturer, Universitas Pancasila, Jl. Srengseng Sawah, Jagakarsa, Jakarta Selatan
12640, Indonesia

E-mail: sadana_m15@yahoo.com, ashripd@yahoo.com,

cynthia.puspitasari@gmail.com

Abstract. Penglipuran Village, Bali has traditional physical elements with uniqueness form
that are easily perceived and recognized by visitors' minds. This research combines descriptive
analysis, graphical analysis and quantitative analysis methods to describe cognitive map
recognized by observers' minds. Referring to the cognitive map, it was found that the region
elements such as landmarks, paths, nodes, edges, and districts are recognized by observers with
different levels of appreciation. At the study site, the path and district are the most powerful
elements to remember. The landmarks and nodes can be remembered by half of the observers,
and the edges as the village center boundary are recognized by half of observers. Nodes
forming by the places where people stop are scattered along the main corridor with a unique
gradation pattern. Based on some conditions, it can be said that those objects representing the
elements have a gradation degree in the role of protecting the architectural identity of
Penglipuran Village.

1. Introduction
Penglipuran Village, Bali has traditional physical elements which characterize that are easily
perceived by visitors' sight. Uniqueness of these element forms makes them easily recognized and
perceived by observers' mind. Uniqueness of these element forms are recorded and imagined into a
mental map. Lynch [1] introduces mental map as an image that represents how people shape their
perception, understand and perceive their surroundings. The elements include: landmarks, paths,
nodes, edges, and districts [1]. Mental image is a schemata or frames that are built to visualize and
assimilate information that is also known as cognitive map [2].

1.1. Architecture Elements of Penglipuran

Penglipuran Village located at Bangli District, Bali Province. There is a group of traditional Balinese
houses. The architectural elements in Penglipuran Village have an interesting form and depict Balinese
tradition. There are standing out and most easily perceived elements by visitors including entrance
gate area, main circulation along the rows of settlements, section at the end of main circulation,
contoured village situation, temples around the circulation and main temple. Visually, these elements,
natural stone orders in the main circulation walled by row of settlements are immediately visible
objects by visitors' sight while they are entering the village hall. These elements are seen as a unity
form that can be seen thorough the landscape of Penglipuran as Balinese traditional village.
 Figure 1. Main Corridor, Row of Settlements and Contour.

1.2. Cognitive Map of Architecture Elements

Cognitive maps or mental map is a mind map or frames of references that are built to visualize and
assimilate information [2]. In architectural environment, the information collected by observers can be
physical elements in their surroundings. Those elements give a picture about the environment. People
understand the region image by observers' spatial cognition. Purwanto [3] explained that observers’
spatial cognition describes how they obtain, organize, store, and recall information about the location,
distance and arrangement within the environment that have basic concepts of imageability and
legibility. Imageability involves the quality of physical objects in generating a strong image for the
observers. Legibility is how the observer is easy to orient and motion pairs of elements inside an
environment [1,3]. Penglipuran Village has some uniqueness architectural elements. These unique
elements are the order of natural stone and contour on main corridor, corridor wall pattern formed by
row of settlements, and series of temple ornaments as elements that are immediately perceived by
observers' mind.

Figure 2. Entrance Gate Area. Figure 3. Main Temple.

2. Method
This research combines methods of descriptive analysis, graphical analysis and quantitative analysis to
describe cognitive map recorded and remembered in mind of observer. There are 14 architecture
students as the research samples. In this study, the objects that are described by observers are reviewed
as independent variables that don’t depend on others [4]. The objective of this research is to determine
the level of spatial cognition ability of observers by ordering them to sketch the research area maps
[3]. Furthermore, the objects depicted in the maps are quantitatively calculated by its observed level.
The quantitative calculations are tabulated into tabular form. The table is structured to illustrate the
degree of the observed object level. Thus, the graphic information is summarized into a map of
variables. Through this process, the research objects are developed into variables representing Lynch
elements [1].

Figure 4. Map of variables: schematic description of

architectural objects perceived and recognized by
observers. Places listed in this figure are the studied
independent variables. The variables are a combination
of mental map of the observers. The variables presented
in the figure include main corridor, row of settlements,
main temple, main gate area, a set of village
administration buildings, and points of visitor’s stops as
the nodes, and the edge of the center of village. Nodes
are mapped from the points where the visitor’s stops
that are marked by the observers.

3. Results
Referring to Lynch elements [1], it can be seen that Penglipuran Village have all of these elements,
i.e.: landmarks, paths, nodes, edges, and districts. The five elements are recognized by observers on
various degrees. Distribution pattern of the elements identified by the observers can be seen in Table
1.

Table 1. Gradation of architectural objects in Penglipuran Village.

Degree of Marked (%) Status Name/Type of Objects Type of Elements
100 Dominant Main corridor Path
st
100 Dominant 1 row of settlements District
100 Dominant Points of visitor stops Nodes
71–79 (avg 75) Dominant Main Temple, Main gate Landmark
50–57 (avg 53,5) Average Administration buildings District
43 Average 2nd layer corridor Edges
28 Least 2nd row of settlements District

At the study site, the path and district are the most powerful elements to recognize. Nodes are also
identified as its powerful equivalent element, but not by physical objects. Nodes are mapped from the
points of visitor’s stops. The landmarks, path, nodes, and districts can be recognized by most
observers. The edges as the village center boundary are recognized by half of the observers. Path is
represented by the main corridor dividing the village; the district is represented by the objects of rows
of traditional houses that also function as a corridor wall. Both of the elements are perceived and
recognized by 100% observers. Landmarks are represented by the main temple and the main gate of
village. These two objects can be appreciated and remembered by 75% of observers. Observers also
recognize the edges by somewhat vary manner, because it involves objects located behind a row of
traditional houses. The presence of edge can only be recognized by 43% of the observers. Nodes are
scattered along the main corridor and can be recognized by the observers in a unique gradation pattern.
The nodes' shapes are the places where people stop along the main corridors. Leading to the end of the
corridor, there is an increasingly smaller number of observers who can recognize and perceive the
nodes. While getting closer to the village main intersection, there is an increasing number of observers
who can recognize and perceive the nodes.
Table 2. The nodes' ranks that can be found out in Penglipuran Village.
Code of Number of Degree of
Rank Location of Nodes
Nodes Marked Marked (%)
1 F 14 100.00 Main Temple
2 E1 14 100.00 T-junction to the south
3 D1 11 78.57 T-junction to the north
4 E2 11 78.57 Main corridor to the south
5 D2 10 71.43 Main corridor to the north
6 E3 10 71.43 Main corridor to the south
7 D3 9 64.29 Main corridor to the north
8 B 8 57.14 Main gate area
9 A 3 21.43 Entrance corridor
10 C 3 21.43 T-junction

In general, the nodes closed to intersection or T-junction are recognized by 100% of the observers.
Otherwise, nodes located by the end of main corridor can only be recognized by 71,43% – 78,57%
(average 75%) of the observers. The landmarks draw together the nodes around the main temple. Here
the landmarks are represented by the main temple, and in front of it, it is formed by a stop point
favored by visitors. 100% of the observers can recognize both of these elements.

4. Discussion
Rreferring to the research results, the most recognizable elements are main corridor, 1st row of
settlements, and points of visitor stops. It is due to that the main corridor and 1st row of settlements are
located in the most visible place when visitors are entering the main part of the village hall. The
appearance of the main corridor and 1st row of settlements can be seen in Figure 1. The combination of
building materials and physical appearances are very interesting to be viewed by the visitors. They
stop a lot and clustered points to look around and enjoy the surrounding, in which the nodes are
formed. The main corridor is formed by a combination of beautiful natural stone compositions.

Figure 5. Main intersection or T-junction in the centre of village.

The visitors prefer to stop at the north or south side of the junction.

Nodes are formed with a unique gradient pattern. Farther from the junction, the nodes are formed in
a smaller pattern, while getting closer to the junction, the nodes are formed larger. This indicates that
main intersection is the important place for visitors. The appearance of the main junction can be seen
in Figure 5. Main corridor is in the north and south axis of the village. The southern-formed nodes are
larger than the nodes that form northward; whereas, the main Temple is located at the north end of the
main corridor. The pattern of gradation formed seems to be affected by the road contour. The north of
the lane is increasingly uphill, while the opposite of the south the corridor is going down the lane. The
downward lane seems to be easier to traverse than the uphill lane. As a result, more visitors are
prioritizing to go to the south to look around and enjoy the surroundings. The movement to the north is
dominated by the willingness to reach a flat area around Main Temple. Situation at the descending
road to the south and uphill to the north can be seen in Figures 6 and 7.

Figure 6. Descending path Figure 7. Uphill path towards

towards the south. the north.

Main Temple and main gate are recognized by 71% – 79% (average of 75%) of the observers.
Indeed, as the village elements, both serve a very important role. The main gate is the earliest path to
entering the village area. The Main Temple is the most important element in Balinese tradition. But
both are on the second level objects to be observed by the visitors. This is caused by the main gate
plays a role in control the movement of people leading to the village center, and the main temple is
located far away at the end of the main corridor. As part of the district, the group of village
administrative buildings is only recognized by 50% - 57% (average 53.5%) of the observers. This is
caused by these buildings are in the entrance part where people step faster to reach the center of the
village. Situation at the main gate area can be seen in Figure 8.

Figure 8. Main gate area. The main gate photographed from inside
of the village to illustrate the reception area.

5. Conclusion
In general, it can be said that the Penglipuran Village has beautiful physical elements that can describe
the identity of the Balinese society tradition that form its architecture. Based on the analysis and
discussion, it can be drawn the following conclusions, namely:
  The architectural elements of Penglipuran village are the main attraction for visitors in
recognizing the identity of Balinese settlements.
 The physical elements have a gradation degree in the role of protecting the architectural
identity of Penglipuran Village.
 There is a gradation degree of architectural elements perceived in the Penglipuran Village.
 The main corridor order with the corridor wall of row of settlements allows people to
understand the direction of the village axis that represents local philosophical value.
 Contours along the main corridor create gradations of movement, so people are not only
concentrated in one place.
 The main corridor serves as the most important area in representing traditional Balinese
architecture to the people.
 The objects recognized are grouped, ranging from the main corridor, 1st row of settlements,
points of visitor stops, main Temple, main gate, administration buildings, 2nd layer corridor,
and 2nd row of settlements as the least known.

Combination of all elements provide amazing effects for the visitors, so they feel at home and feel
enjoyable to move and stop at lot of spots to observe the surrounding environment. Indeed, not all
elements can be recognized by the observers' mind, these elements still have a role in recognizing the
greatness of Balinese architecture. The physical elements have a gradation degree playing a role of
protecting the architectural identity of Penglipuran Village. Finally, it can be said that the uniqueness
of traditional architecture in Penglipuran Village plays a big role as a barrier against disruptive change.

Acknowledgements
This paper is derived from a simple research. Primary data of the field are collected in January 2018
with mental map sketches which are drawn by the observers. The observers are the small group of
architecture students who was took a field lecture and observations at the site.

References
[1] Lynch, K 1960 The Image of the City (Cambridge: The M.I.T. Press).
[2] Bonnici T S and J McGee 2014 Cognitive map Wiley Encyclopedia of Management ed S C L
Cooper (John Wiley & Sons).
[3] Purwanto E and Edy D 2013 Understanding image of the city based on spatial cognition of the
observers Case study: Center of semarang city Tata Loka vol. 15 no. 4 Nov 2013 pp 248-
261.
[4] LPM Penalaran State University of Makassar 2018 Definition of descriptive research Articles
published on LPM's Penalaran UNM website Retrieved from: http://penalaran-
unm.org/deskriptif-kuantitatif on 20 May 2018.
Department of Architecture and Planning
Universitas Gadjah Mada
 4th Biennale

ICIAP
International Conference on Indonesian Architecture and Planning

Design and Planning in the Disruptive Era

Yogyakarta, Indonesia
July 26-27, 2018

Department of Architecture and Planning,

Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada

i
The 4th BIENNALE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INDONESIAN
ARCHITECTURE AND PLANNING

Abstracts of the international conference held in Yogyakarta Between 26-27

of July 2018

Editors : Odilia Renaningtyas M., ST., MA(UD)

Rendy Bayu Aditya, S.T., MUP
Atrida Hadianti, ST., M.Sc., Ph.D.

First Edition | online distribution, July 2018

All rights reserved

Published by Architecture and Planning Dept, Engineering Faculty, Gadjah Mada

University

Apart from brief citations with reference, this publication may not be reproduced by any means without
the permission of the publisher.

Authors are responsible for the quality of the language in their abstracts.

Organizing Committee
East Wing Building Department of Architecture and Planning
Jalan Grafika No.2 Kampus UGM Yogyakarta 55281 INDONESIA
Phone : +62 274 580092
Fax : +62 274 580583
Email : iciap.ft@ugm.ac.id

ii
4th Biennale

ICIAP
International Conference on Indonesian Architecture and Planning

Design and Planning in the Disruptive Era

Yogyakarta, Indonesia
July 26-27, 2018

Steering Committee
Prof. Ir. Bakti Setiawan, MA, Ph.D
Prof. Wiendu Nuryanti, M. Arch, Ph. D
Dr. Ir. Achmad Sarwadi, M.Eng
Ir. Ikaputra, M.Eng, Ph.D
M. Sani Roychansyah, ST, M.Eng, D.Eng

Scientific Committee
Prof. Yoshiaki Kubota (University of Toyama, Japan)
Prof. Shuenn-Ren Liou (National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan)
Dr.Ing. Heru W. Poerbo (Institut Teknologi Bandung, Indonesia)
Evawani Ellisa, Ph.D (Universitas Indonesia, Indonesia)
Syam Rachma Marcilia, ST., M.Eng., Ph.D. (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)
Deva Fosterharoldas Swasto, S.T., M.Sc (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)
Dr. Dwita Hadi Rahmi (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)
Dr. Laretna Trisnantari Adishakti (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)
Dr. Eng. Agus Hariyadi, S.T., M.Sc (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)
Dr. Eng. Nedyomukti Imam Syafii, ST., M.Sc (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)
Irsyad Adhi Waskita H., ST., M.Sc (Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia)

Organizing Committee
Doddy Aditya Iskandar, MeRSA., Ph.D.
Dr. Dyah Titisari Widyastuti, ST., MUDD.
Dr. Yori Herwangi, ST., MURP
Atrida Hadianti, ST., M.Sc., Ph.D.
Maria Ariadne Dewi Wulansari, ST., MT
Odilia Renaningtyas Manifesty, ST., MA(UD)
Rendy Bayu Aditya, ST., MUP.
Alfiandy Ahmad Yunus, ST

iii
FOREWORD

Recent trends indicate the dramatic and significant shift from the conventional approach of
seeing things for granted to „disruptive innovation.‟ It splintered into many aspects of individuals
and communities, including planning and design. Not only does disruptive innovation become a
cornerstone in current academic discourses, it also calls for new approaches in observing,
critiquing and analyzing our contemporary issues and problems. As such, disruptive innovation
deconstructs our comfort zone and engages us in a new territory.

The 4th International Conference on Indonesian Architecture and Planning (ICIAP) uses these
ideas as backdrop for critically examining the effect of disruptive innovation in planning and
design, including but not limited to the application of it and policy responses. At the same time,
the conference also considers topics related to globalization and the way it stimulates creative
disruption in planning and design. We encourage papers that consider disruptive innovation as
another form of machine capable to co-opt various actors and institutions in disseminating
certain social, economic and cultural values, planning and design as a form of resistance against
the commodification process diffused across space and social groups and is systematically
embedded in the structural power relations of innovation politics, and historical assessment of
built environment as a form of disruptive innovation.

Dr. Ir. Ahmad Sarwadi, M.Eng

Head of Deptartment Architecture and Planning, Faculty of Engineering,
Universitas Gadjah Mada

iv
INTRODUCTION
First of all, let us express our thanks to God the Almighty who gave all of us a chance to meet
again in this ICIAP 2018. The fourth International Conference on Indonesia Architecture and
Planning (ICIAP) is part of a biennale international program at the Department of Architecture
and Planning, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada. With the focus on the field of
architecture and planning subject/discourse in Indonesia, the conference is expected to be able to
capture ideas, concepts, methods, or practices that evolve continuously in this field.

There are three conferences was held previously, the first ICIAP in 2012 was bringing the theme
of "Better Space Better Living", while the second ICIAP in 2014 with theme “Space for The
Next Generation”, and the latest ICIAP was in 2016 with “Inclusive Space, Enriching Culture”.
The recent trends indicate the dramatic and significant shift from the conventional approach of
seeing things for granted to „disruptive innovation.‟ It splintered into many aspects of individuals
and communities, including planning and design. Not only does disruptive innovation become a
cornerstone in current academic discourses, it also calls for new approaches in observing,
critiquing and analyzing our contemporary issues and problems. As such, disruptive innovation
deconstructs our comfort zone and engages us in a new territory. By this regard, ICIAP 2018 set
the theme “Planning and Design in Disruptive Era”.

In the fourth ICIAP, the conference offers main plenary session, panel discussions, and excursion
to various architectural and heritage sites. We also had the opportunity to invite ten speakers
coming from diverse cultural background that come to share their specialties and experience
from broader multi-dimensional aspects of these issues. This year, we had received over 100
abstracts or full papers that have been submitted to the conference. After the screening process,
there are 53 papers that have been reviewed and eligible to participate in this event. From various
perspectives, these papers have been grouped in several contexts, such as design, urban,
traditional and contemporary architecture, educational, socio-cultural, history-heritage, disaster
resilient, and green environment contexts.

In this opportunity, we would like to express many thanks to everyone, especially all the
faculties, staffs, students, as well as the study programs at the Department of Architecture and
Planning Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Gadjah Mada for their tireless supports and
positive participations. We are also indebted to all of speakers who have dedicated time to share
their invaluable knowledge in this forum. Of course, sincerely we send our high appreciation to
the entire participants of ICIAP, from the authors, the presenters, as well as the observers who
have been during two days conference gave a positive academic atmosphere through related
discussions. Last but not least, the highest honors is sent to our committee

Doddy Aditya Iskandar, MeRSA, S.T., MCP., Ph.D

Chairperson Organizing Committee of ICIAP 2018

v
CONTENT

Cover Page i

Committee iii

Foreword iv

Introduction v

Content vi

TOPIC 1: Critical Assessment on the Idea of ‘Disruptive’ and ‘Innovation’

An Alternative of Design Approach to Ubiquitous Architecture: Kevin Mark Low Design

Approach 1
Asep Darmana and Dibya Kusyala

The Commodification of Nusantaran Architecture in Indonesian Tourism: A Pathway to Culture

Preservation or Universalism? 2
Diah Asih Purwaningrum and Athina Ardhyanto

Designing Integrated Neighbourhood Market Place as A Strategy of Public Market

Revitalization 3
Susy Prajna Sari and Agus S. Ekomadyo

Co-Housing In Developing Country As Strategies For Living Space And Social Needs 4
Rositha Mujica, Alexander Rani Suryandono, Hafiz Nurrahman and Treza Chandra Julian

Spatial Changes : Resilience, Development and Capitalism on Globalization's era in "the Gate of
God's Island" Tourism Area of Sanur, Bali 5
Sekar Dyah Kunasti, Deva Fosterharoldas Swasto and Agam Marsoyo

From Angkringan to Coworking Space: The Emergence of New Social Spaces for Young
People 6
Odilia Renaningtyas Manifesty and Nabila Afif

The Role of Architects in a Multi-client Community Program: The Case of Semarang 7

Ismet Belgawan Harun, Sri Suryani and Stirena Rossy Tamariska

The Implementation Of MOOC Parametric Design As A Teaching Pedagogy For Architecture

Student 8
Agus Hariyadi and Nabila Afif

vi
 Sustainability Assessment of Engineering Faculty UGM Complex through Floor Area Ratio and
Operational Energy Analysis Using Urban Modeling Interface Simulation 102
Arif Kusumawanto, Fadhilla Tri Nugrahaini and Mega Setyowati

TOPIC 10: Land use, Growth Management, Development, Planning

The Impact Of Land Use Regulation On Land Values: Case Study Of Ngaglik 104
District, Indonesia
A Yunastiawan Eka Pramana and Datuk Ary Adriansyah Samsura

Colonial City Pattern In Indonesia Using Depth Calculation: Introduction To 105

Study Ratio On Master Plan Using DepthMapX
Pindo Tutuko, Nurhamdoko Bonifacius and Dani Yuniawan

Socio-Spatial Disintegration: The Influence Of Semarang-Solo Toll Road To 106

Local-Dis-Connection (Case Study: Kandangan Village, Bawen, Indonesia)
Susiyowati Indah Ayuni and S Sariffuddin

Territorial Ordering Program As A Basis For Designing An Oceanic Fishing 107

Port
Rafi Mentari, Paramita Atmodiwirjo and Yandi Andri Yatmo

Analysis Urban Transformation of Palembang with the Disruption Technology 108

Johannes Adiyanto, Anta Sastika and Adhika Atyanta

Transactive Planning and Transfer Knowledge between Transfer Agents within 109
Local Development
Muhammad Taufiq, Benedictus Kombaitan and Suhirman

Growing Sprawl: Leapfrog Development In Kendari From 2000 – 2016 110

Fikrani Asha and Agam Marsoyo

Disruptive Technology That Affects Spatial Planning (Study Case: Brt 111
Intersection Hub Station Area)
Jermy Iwada Sawato Gea, Ardianto Nugroho, Dandi Raviandaru, Carolin Monica Sitompul and
Ikaputra Dimas

Transformation of Space in Balige, Province of Sumatera Utara, Indonesia 112

Morida Siagian

TOPIC 11: Theorizing Local and Regional Disruptive Innovation

Connecting Global Market and Local Potential through Designing Heritage 114
Port. Case: International Cruise Port in Probolinggo
Addina Nur Amalia and Agus S. Ekomadyo

Tourism Development Strategy In Indonesia, The Case Of Mandalika 115

Resort, Lombok.
Indra Budiman Syamwil, Raisa Nur Imanda and Mugy Grimaldy

xiv
 Maintaining Local Wisdom In Home Base Hospitality Case Study: Bed And 116
Breakfast In Yogyakarta
Wulan Maharani, Ofita Purwani, Titis Pitana and Hardiyati

Theorizing Inspiration: Learning from Creative Process of Indonesian 117

Architects
Tulus Widiarso, Baskoro Tedjo and Himasari Hanan

Developing Vertical Housing Design from Kiosk as a Design-Base Unit 118

Achmad Syaiful and Dibya Kusyala

TOPIC 12: Urban Design, Urban Architecture

Visual Image of Physical Traditional Elements as an Identity of Local 121

Arhitecture in Penglipuran Village Bali
Agus S Sadana, Ashri Prawesthi D and Cynthia Puspitasari

Study on the Quality of Streetscape in Pasar Gede Area, Surakarta 122

Tri Palupi and Dyah Titisari Widyastuti

Measuring Cultural Vitality Level as a Basis for Development Guidance of Chinese

Settlement in Karangturi, Lasem 123
Yohana Aneke and M. Sani Roychansyah

Study on Walkability of University Campus Area, Case: Demangan Baru 124

Yogyakarta
Muhamad Faisal Paani and Dyah Titisari Widyastuti

Study On Livability Quality Of Public Open Space In Banjir Kanal Barat Normalization Area
Involving The Role Of Visitors In Facing Disruptive Era 125
Dhipo Achmad Hartono and M. Sani Roychansyah

Correlation between Urban Compactness Level and Urban Creativity Level In

Yogyakarta City 126
May Larasati and M. Sani Roychansyah

The Role Of Transition And Thresholds In Creating Public Space Quality 127
Julia Dewi and Martin Pratama

Sight and Sound in Designing the Urban Space 128

Heru Poerbo, Widjaja Martokusumo and Anugrah Sabdono Sudarsono

The Impact of Langsa Townsquare Existence for Langsa Central Business

District Vitality 129
Almira Raissa, Wahyu Utami and Amy Marisa

Revealing Significant but Unpredictable Domestic Qualities of Urban Architecture for Children
by Framing Method 130
Afifah Karimah, Paramita Atmodiwirjo and Yandi Andri Yatmo

xv
 4th Biennale

ICIAP
International Conference on Indonesian Architecture and Planning

Design and Planning in the Disruptive Era

Yogyakarta, Indonesia
July 26-27, 2018

TOPIC 12: Urban Design, Urban Architecture

119
 Visual Image of Physical Traditional Elements as an Identity of Local Arhitecture in
Penglipuran Village Bali

Agus S Sadana, Ashri Prawesthi D, Cynthia Puspitasari

Jurusan Arsitektur Fakultas Teknik Universitas Pancasila

ABSTRACT

Penglipuran Village, Bali has traditional physical elements that easily find out by visitors' sight and
remembered in their minds. The uniqueness of the form of these elements makes them easily captured
into the minds of the observers. This research combines methods of descriptive analysis, graphical
analysis and quantitative analysis to describe cognitive map recorded and remembered in mind of
observer. Referring to the cognitive map, it was found that the elements of the region such as
landmarks, paths, nodes, edges, and districts are find out by observers with different levels of
appreciation. At the study site, the path and district are the most powerful elements to remember. The
landmarks and nodes can be remembered by half of the observers, and the edges which is the
boundary of the village core are find out by half of observers. Path is represented by the main corridor
that divides the village, the district is represented by the objects of rows of traditional houses that also
function as a corridor wall. Both of the elements are find out and remembered by 100% observers.
Landmarks are represented by the main temple and the main gate of village. These two objects can be
appreciated and remembered by 75% of observers. Edges that appreciated by observers are somewhat
vary, because it involves objects located behind a row of traditional houses. The presence of edge can
only be appreciated by 43% of visitors. Nodes are scattered along the main corridor and can be found
by observers with a unique gradation pattern. The forms of the nodes are the places where people stop
along the main corridors. Leading to the end of the corridor, the number of observers who can find out
and remember the nodes is getting smaller. While getting closer to the main intersection of the village,
the number of observers who can find out and remember the nodes is increasing. In general, the nodes
closed 100% observers can remember the intersection, while nodes at the end of the corridor can only
be remembered by 75% of observers. The landmarks meet with nodes around the main temple. Here
the landmarks represented by the main temple, and in front of it formed a stop point favored by
visitors. 100% observers can remember both of these elements. Based on some conditions it can be
said that those objects representing the elements have a gradation degree in the role of protecting the
architectural identity of Penglipuran Village.

Keywords: cognitive maps; regional elements; identity.

120