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KASAYSAYAN SA LIKOD NG CAVITE MUTINY

Happy fiesta sa aking bayang sinilangan, Tarlac City kahapon January 20. Gayundin, 141 years ago kahapon, January 20, 1872,
naganap ang tinatawag na Motín de Cavite. Huh??? What’s that Pokemón??? Ito po ang Cavite Mutiny na naging dahilan ng
pagbitay sa garote sa tatlong pareng martir Mariano Gomes, José Burgos at Jacinto Zamora na ikinagimbal ng bayan.

Sa mga susunod na taon, ang katagang Mil Otso Sientos Sitenta y Dos ay ikinanginginig ng marami at pinag-uusapang sambitin.
Ganito ang epekto ng naging tugon ng mga Espanyol sa isang nabigong pag-aalsa. Ayon sa ating mga teksbuk, pinangunahan ito ng
isang Sarhento Francisco Lamadrid na sinalakay ang Fort San Felipe Neri sa Cavite gamit ang ilang sundalong Espanyol.

Ito ay dahil daw sa pagtanggal ng pribilehiyo ng mga nagtatrabaho sa arsenal ng Cavite sa hindi pagbabayad ng tributo o buwis at sa
hindi paglahok sa sapilitang paggawa. Matagumapy na nakuha ng mga rebelde ang Fuerza ngunit matapos ang isang oras nagapi na
ito ng mga pwersang Espanyol. Namatay ang mga pinuno ang rebelyon at ang pinaghihinalaan na mga kasangkot ay itinapon sa
Marianas o Guam [at iba pang lugar], o di kaya ay binitay. Ngunit, isang bagong pag-aaral ang inilathala ng Heswitang Historyador na
si John Schumacher batay sa isang bagong tuklas na dokumento, isang ulat, na isinulat mismo ni Gobernador Heneral Rafael de
Izquierdo, na siyang babago sa mga kaalaman natin ukol sa rebelyon.

Hindi lamang pala pagbabayad ng tributo at sapilitang paggawa ng mga trabahador ng arsenal ang dahilan ng pag-aalsa tulad ng
unang nabanggit. Ni wala ngang nagmula sa arsenal sa mga nag-alsa. Isa pala sana itong malawakang pag-aalsa na naglalayong
makipaghiwalay ang Pilipinas sa Espanya! Kasama sa plano ang kasabay sana na paglusob sa Fort Santiago sa Maynila. Matapos nito
ay pagdedeklara ng independencia at pagpatay ng lahat ng mga Espanyol na hindi magmamakaawa sa kanila. Nabigo ang pag-aalsa
dahil sa napaghandaan na rin ni Izquierdo ang pag-aalsa dahil sa ilang mga sulat na walang lagda na nagsusumbong sa mga plano at
nang makumbinsi niya ang ilan sa mga sasama sana sa rebelyon na huwag nang tumuloy. Ang mga tunay na utak ng pag-aalsa ay
hindi ang tatlong paring martir na binitay kundi ang mga mason na sina Máximo Inocencio, Crisanto de los Reyes, at Enrique Paraíso
na kasama sa mga naipatapon lamang.

Bakit kaya hindi rin sila binitay? Suspetsa ni Schumacher, ito ay dahil kapwa mason ang tatlong utak ng rebelyon at ang Gobernador
Heneral! Maaari ring ginamit ng mga nag-organisa ng pag-aalsa na si Francisco Zaldúa, na ginarote ng mga Espanyol kasama ang
tatong pari matapos ang isang buwan, ay ginamit ang pangalan ni Burgos upang makapanghikayat.

Anuman ang nangyari, ang mga pangyayari sa Cavite at ang pagbitay sa mga pari ng 1872 ay tatatak sa isipan ng maraming mga
Pilipino at isa sa mga binabanggit na salik na pagnanais ng kalayaan mula sa mga kolonisador.

First Mass in the Philippines


The first Catholic Mass in the Philippines was held on March 31, 1521, Easter Sunday. It was said by Father Pedro de
Valderrama along the shores of what was referred to in the journals of Antonio Pigafetta as "Mazaua".
Today, this site is widely believed by many to be Limasawa at the tip of Southern Leyte,[1] though this is contested by
some who assert that the first mass was instead held at Masao, Butuan.[2]Landing on Philippine shores[edit]
When Ferdinand Magellan and his European crew sailed from San Lucar de Barrameda for an expedition to search for
spices, these explorers landed on the Philippines after their voyage from other proximate areas. On March 28, 1521, while
at sea, they saw a bonfire which turned out to be Mazaua (believed to be today's Limasawa) where they anchored. [3]
Blood compact[edit]
The island's sovereign ruler was Rajah Siaiu. When Magellan and comrades set foot on the grounds of Mazaua, he
befriended the Rajah together with his brother Rajah Kulambu of Butuan. In those days, it was customary among the
indigenous—and in most of southeast Asia—to seal friendship with a blood compact. On instigation of Magellan who had
heard the Malayan term for it, casi casi, the new friends performed the ritual. This was the first recorded blood compact
between Filipinos and Spaniards. Gifts were exchanged by the two parties when the celebration had ended. [4][5]
First mass[edit]
On March 31, 1521, an Easter Sunday, Magellan ordered a mass to be celebrated which was officiated by Father Pedro
Valderrama, the Andalusion chaplain of the fleet, the only priest then. Conducted near the shores of the island, the Holy
First Mass marked the birth of Roman Catholicism in the Philippines. Colambu and Siaiu were the first natives of the
archipelago, which was not yet named "Philippines" until the expedition of Ruy Lopez de Villalobos in 1543, to attend the
mass among other native inhabitants.[4][6]
Retraction ni Jose Rizal:

Ayon sa ilan, si Jose Rizal, na pinaslang ng mga kolonyalistang Espanyol 120 years ago, December 30, 1896, ay naging bayani dahil sa
kanyang mga sinulat upang wasakin ang ideya ng kolonyalismo at palayain ang isip natin upang mabuo ang bansa—ang Noli Me
Tangere at El Filibusterismo at ang kanyang mga sanaysay sa La Solidaridad, na kumuwestiyon sa mga paniniwalang nakabubulag sa
atin, lalo na ang pagsunod sa kagustuhan ng mga prayle bilang sugo ng Diyos.

Ngunit, ilang oras bago siya barilin, pinirmahan daw ni Rizal ang isang dokumento na nagsasabing siya raw ay isang Katoliko at
binabawi niya lahat ng kanyang mga sinulat laban sa simbahan. Nakilala ang dokumento bilang ang retraktasyon, “The Retraction.”
Dahil sa kanyang pagbabalik-loob sa simbahan, ikinasal sila ni Josephine Bracken, ang kanyang huling pag-ibig.

yon sa ilan, mas lalong naging dakila si Rizal sa pagkilala ng kanyang mga kamalian laban sa pananampalataya. Ngunit para naman sa
marami, hindi kapanipaniwala na sa huling sandali ng kanyang buhay, babawiin niya ang kanyang mga sinulat, ang dahilan ng kanya
mismong pagkabayani. Para na rin niyang itinapon ang kanyang kabayanihan.

Ngunit mahalaga pa ba talaga kung totoo ito? Mababago ba ang paninindigan at nagawa ng isang tao sa kanyang buong buhay ng
pagtindig at katapangan ng isang papel na pinirmahan niya sa araw ng kanyang kamatayan? Hindi. Hindi.

The Cry of Pugadlawin

News about the discovery of the Katipunan spread to Manila and nearby suburbs, and Andres Bonifacio immediately called for a
general meeting. Various wings of the Katipunan gathered at the house of Juan Ramos in Pugadlawin on August 23, 1896. Ramos
was the son of Melchora Aquino, also known as “Tandang Sora” and was later acknowledged as the Mother of the Katipunan."

Bonifacio asked his men whether they were willing to fight to the bitter end. Everyone shouted their approval, except for Teodoro
Plata, who though that it was too soon for a revolution. Heartened by his men’s response, Bonifacio then asked them to tear their
cedulas (residence certificates) to pieces, as a sign of their defiance and determination to rise against the Spaniards. The men
immediately tore up their cedulas, shouting, Mabuhay ang Pilipinas (long live the Philippines) -known as the Cry of Pugadlawin.

The Cry of Pugad Lawin (Filipino: Sigaw ng Pugad Lawin), alternately and originally referred to as the Cry of Balintawak (Filipino:
Sigaw ng Balíntawak, Spanish: Grito de Balíntawak), was the beginning of the Philippine Revolution against the Spanish Empire.[1]

At the close of August 1896, members of the Katipunan secret society (Katipuneros) led by Andrés Bonifacio rose up in revolt
somewhere in an area referred to as Caloocan,[2] wider than the jurisdiction of present-day Caloocan City which may have
overlapped into present-day Quezon City.[3]

Originally the term "Cry" referred to the first clash between the Katipuneros and the Civil Guards (Guardia Civil). The cry could also
refer to the tearing up of community tax certificates (cédulas personales) in defiance of their allegiance to Spain. This was literally
accompanied by patriotic shouts.[4]

Because of competing accounts and ambiguity of the place where this event took place, the exact date and place of the Cry is in
contention.[3][4] From 1908 until 1963, the official stance was that the Cry occurred on August 26 in Balintawak. In 1963 the
Philippine government declared a shift to August 23 in Pugad Lawin, Quezon City.[4]

The Kataas-taasan, Kagalang-galang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan[1][4] ("Supreme and Honorable Society of the Sons of the
Nation", Spanish: Suprema y Venerable Asociación de los Hijos del Pueblo) also known as Katipunan, or KKK[5] was a Philippine
revolutionary society founded by anti-Spanish colonialism Filipinos in Manila in 1892, whose primary aim was to gain independence
from Spain through a revolution. Based on recently found contemporary documents, the society had been organized as early as
January 1892 but may not have become active until July 7 of the same year, on the night when Filipino writer José Rizal was to be
banished to Dapitan earlier in the day. Founded by Filipino patriots Andrés Bonifacio, Teodoro Plata, Ladislao Diwa and others.
Initially, the Katipunan was a secret organization until its discovery in 1896 that led to the outbreak of the Philippine Revolution.

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