SSD Work Book

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RST2018
Welcome!
Thank you for choosing this training course which utilises modular principles to deliver instruction on carefully selected
topics which are relevant to you, to the project and to the corporate environment in which you work.
Training courseware is a vital aspect of any learning experience and this material has been produced to the highest quality
to ensure a thorough understanding of the subject in relation to real-world usage and established best practice. The
techniques and methodologies discussed within these modules are constantly adapted and updated to keep pace with the
latest developments in the software and the workplace, with advice often devised and revised in the process of working
alongside some of the largest design and construction companies in the world.
The White Frog team of authors is a mixed group of independent consultants and recognised experts-in-practice who are
pushing the boundaries of BIM software from a customer perspective. Members of the team have been involved with BIM
for over twenty years, as application engineers, product specialists, users, trainers and adoption advisors. We have
magazine columnists and blog authors as well trade event speakers from around the world. This material represents
therefore, many years of cumulative experience and know-how in the topics covered.
OK, so why is the material modular?

Whilst some basic principles need to be established for all users, we acknowledge that the learning needs of every user are
unique to the individual and to the current circumstances. Over protracted time and several projects, a user may want to
cover a wide range of topics or may become specialised in a limited aspect of several pieces of software. The modular
program allows for this flexibility in education whilst maintaining consistency of message across the topics, whether
delivered in the form of a single masterclass, CPD-style module or as a comprehensive four-day course companion. For a
full list of the available modules, speak to one of our trainers or visit the website.
Each module is a self-contained unit, with notes accompanying the lectures and hands-on exercise scripts to reinforce
many lessons and help the students through the training and beyond into working practice. All material has been prepared
in line with national standards and recognised protocols to ensure that industry-recognised best practice is instilled from
the outset.
The material is perfectly suited to allow you to create your very own bespoke training courses to suit your personnel,
project and corporate requirements. Design your very own courses for particular job roles such as planners, design
managers, quantity surveyors, etc. Our robust resources empower you to take control of your training what, where and
when as well as ensuring consistency across all your offices wherever they be located.
We trust that you find the enclosed material delivers on our goals and aspirations, as well as your expectations. Customer
feedback is critical to our efforts so please feel free to get in touch.
Paul Woddy Peter Routledge

paul@whitefrog.co peter@whitefrog.co
White Frog Publishing Ltd.

www.whitefrog.co
RST2018
Course Agenda
Module 00 Revit in a Nutshell
Interactive exercise on creating and documenting a basic building
Module 01 Introducing Revit as a BIM tool

What is BIM and what does it mean?
The benefits of BIM
What will BIM deliver?
Industry drivers
Introducing Levels of BIM
Implications on team and workflow; fee and deliverables; contract and insurance issues
Module 02 UI Tour, Project Navigation and View Creation

Interactive session introducing the menu and screen layout
Interrogating the model to extract views
Plans, sections and elevations
Displaced views, callouts and drafting views
3D isometrics, perspectives and walkthrough movies
Placement and properties of grids, levels and dimensions
Introduction to basic Revit elements
Exercise on creating levels, grids and using dimensions and scope boxes
Module 03 Element Selection and Manipulation

Interactive session introducing object selection methods
Element properties and manipulation
Instance and Type parameters
Modify tools, Nodes and Snaps
Exercise on basic editing tools, trim, offset, align, etc
Module 04 Visibility Control and Categorisation

Project-Wide Settings
View Specific Overrides
Element Specific Overrides
Individual Line Overrides
Exercise on modifying element visibility
Module 05 Model Development Methodology

Is BIM just about 3D?
Information timeline and overload
How a project develops from a base template
The complexity of components
Controlling graphical display
RST2018
Course Agenda
Module 06 Establishing a Project

Project units - Common and Structural
Structural settings and symbolic representation
Analytical settings
Linking CAD and Revit Architecture
Copy monitor and coordination review
Exercise on linking a Revit Architecture model and using copy/monitor tools
Module 07 Modelling Basics - Walls, Columns, Beams and Bracing

Basic definitions
Relating slabs to walls and supporting framework
Column and beam placement and behaviour
Element connectivity and display
Bracing characteristics
Exercise on element placement techniques and introducing sketching principles
Module 08 Foundations and Piling

Footings and foundations types
Isolated pads, piles and strip foundations
Slabs, standard and in-place family foundations
Slab edges, ground beams
Foundation walls, piers and pilasters
Exercise on foundation slabs, walls, piers, pilasters, footings and pile caps
Module 09 System Family Editing

Principles of composite system family definition
Understanding properties such as function, and wrapping of layers
Creating and utilising a system family library
Exercise on system family editing
Module 10 Basic Schedules and Legends

Generation of tabular interrogations of the model
Scheduling Components
Style schedules
Legends
Exercise on creating a column and foundation schedule
RST2018
Course Agenda
Module 11 Geometry Formation and In-Place Families
Interactive session on the creation and manipulation of basic solid and void forms
Extrusion, Blend
Revolve
Sweep
Swept Blend
Exercise explores creating the above forms
Module 12 Slab and Roof Tools

Sketching Rules
Relating to slabs to walls and supports
Cantilevers, span direction and adding slopes
Slab foundation and slab edge
Basic Roof Designs
Exercise on placing floor slabs and creating roofs
Module 13 Stairs, Ramps and Railings

Basic stair creation
Non-standard and multi-storey stairs
Characteristics of simple ramps
Hosted and stand-alone handrailing
Exercise on basic and multi-storey stairs, handrailing and ramps
Module 14 Beam and Truss Systems

Beam systems creation and placement
Sketching boundaries and rules
Modifying beam system properties
Concrete framing systems and pan joist slabs
Truss elements, placement and family creation
Attaching trusses to roofs and floors
Exercise on creating and placing beam and truss systems
Module 15 Construction sequencing (Phasing)

Project phasing, properties and creation
Phase filters and graphic overrides
Combining phases, infill and the demolition of elements
Exercise on utilising project phases, filters and the demolish tool
RST2018
Course Agenda
Module 16 2D Draughting and Annotation

Introducing annotation tools and component categories
Detail component libraries
Repeating details
Lines and arcs
Text, Tags and keynotes
Exercise on generating and annotating a construction detail
Module 17 Sheet Compilation and Publication

Project browser organisation – WIP and Publish
Creating and populating sheets
Working with schedules
Publishing and document management
Module 18 Basic Subdivision and Collaboration

Introducing a BIM Strategy Document
Model management
Project team collaboration techniques
Transmittal and model issue protocols
Basics of large-model sub-division
Exercise on worksets and task allocation
Module 19 Introduction to the Principles of Family Editing

The basic process
10 stages for trouble-free family creation
Exercise on defining a fully parametric pile foundation
Module 20 Considering options and alternatives

Design option terminology and workflow
Utilising design option sets
Considerations when using design options
Design sets and incorporating design options
Exercise on utilising design options
RST2018
Autodesk Revit
Modular Training
Module 02
UI Tour, Project Navigation

and View Creation
UI Tour, Project Navigation and View Creation
Exercise
This simple exercise starts with the empty project model WFP-RST-02-UITourA.rvt as the starting point. WFP-RST-02-
UITourZ.rvt shows the intended complete project.
Objectives - During the exercise we will look at defining the layout of Grids and Levels, ready for model objects to be
applied. On the way, we will explore Floor Plan Creation, Dimensions and Parametric Rules and Scope Boxes as well as the
Copy and Array tools.
Defining Floor Levels

The order in which the datum elements are generated, will impact on the initial placement. For example, if we place the
levels first, as we will here, then the grids drawn on plan will automatically stretch the full extent of the intended model
height. If the grids are drawn first, then we would subsequently have to revisit them to drag them up. The same is true in
reverse. This is only a minor point and is of no great importance in the scheme of things.
1. Open file WFP-RST-02-UITourA.rvt and navigate to one of the Elevation views (it is not
important which one you choose)
We will start by looking at the different ways in which we might create new levels in our model,
starting with the Level tool itself.
2. From the Datum panel of the Structure tab, select the Level tool
3. Hover over the right-hand end of the existing

levels and click to start a new level
4. Move to the left and click a second time to

complete the level
5. Esc-Esc to finish
Note: If you make the second click in-line with the left-
hand end of the existing levels, then you form an association with them such that adjustments to the length of one will
affect the others.
By default, when using this tool to create a level, Revit will automatically create an associated Structural Plan, although this
default setting can be adjusted.
RST2018-02 – Page 2
This time we will create a level by copying an existing level. There is no difference in the operational behaviour of a level,
regardless of how it is initially created.
6. Select the recently created Level 2 and then from the Modify tab, select the Copy tool
7. Click anywhere on the screen and then move the cursor vertically upwards to define the
distance with a second click. The distance is not important at this stage (if you wish, you
can make sure that the movement vector is controlled by ticking the Constrain box on the
Options Bar)
Notice that Revit automatically numbers the levels sequentially following simple alpha-numerical patterns such that if the
first level was named Floor A, then subsequent levels would be Floor B, Floor C, etc.
For buildings with large numbers of floors, we could tick the Multiple option as shown above
and keep on clicking to add more levels. For a neater and quicker method, we can array one
or levels to repeat them.
8. Select Level 3 and pick the Array tool from the Modify tab
The Options Bar for the Array tool looks like the image below. The first two icons allow you to
toggle between a linear array (straight line) and a polar or radial array (circle or arc). We can
only use a linear array for levels although we could use the polar array for grids. The Group
and Associate tick box is used if you want to change the number of arrayed elements after
placement, but we will not use this. The number is self-explanatory and finally we can either
specify the distance between the first and second objects, with this distance being repeated for the specified number of
spaces; or we can specify the total overall distance, which is then divided equally with the required number of spaces.
9. Un-tick the Group and Associate button, set the Number: to

4 and the Move To: option to 2nd and leave the Constrain
ticked
RST2018-02 – Page 3
10. Click anywhere on the screen and then move the cursor vertically upwards before typing 4000 to specify the
distance between each level, then Enter
We should now have Level 0 to Level 6, some of which will show a blue triangle
symbol, whilst others will have a black triangle symbol. We will come back to this
later.
11. Use either the Copy tool or the Level tool to add another level 1200 below
Level 0
12. Click on the highest level (Level 6) and then click on the text and rename it
to Roof
13. Do the same to rename the lowest level (Level 7) to Foundations
It is intended to use this lowest level for the top of the foundations, commonly abbreviated to TOF or ToF, but this level is
currently marked as SSL (Structural Slab Level). We can simply click on the SSL text and change it but this will change all the
levels to ToF which we do not want. Instead, we must duplicate the existing SSL type and use that as the basis to create a
ToF level type.
14. With the Foundations level still selected, click on the Edit
Type button in the Properties Palette
15. Click on Duplicate and rename the new type to AEC

ToF Head - Project Datum as shown
If you don't click DUPLICATE first, before changing any values,

then you will change all existing Levels, not just the intended
one!
16. Click OK
17. Set the Level_Function parameter to ToF
18. Click OK
When we use the Level tool, plan views are automatically created by default, but because we have created some of the
levels by copying and arraying, no floor plans have been created. These views must be created manually.
Note: Because there are no views for the upper levels, the level markers cannot hyperlink to them and hence they are black
in colour when viewed in elevation, whereas those levels that do have a view to connect to are blue.
RST2018-02 – Page 4
19. From the Create panel of the View tab expand the Plan Views button and select
Structural Plan
This dialogue is set to list only those levels which do not already have a view dedicated to
them. Should you wish to generate a view from a level which is not listed then simply un-tick
the box underneath the list. For the purposes of this exercise we do not need to worry as the
list provides what we need.
20. Highlight the Foundations Level in the list and then hold down the Shift key whilst
clicking the Roof level to select all five, and OK
This will create and open the views as requested. If we look in elevation, we can now see that all the level lines show a blue
triangle. It is not good practice however to have views open that are not currently in use, so we should close down all but
the view we can see.
21. Navigate to an Elevation view
22. On the QAT (Quick Access Toolbar) at the top of the screen, click on
the Close Hidden tool
23. From the Dimension panel of the Annotate tab select the
Aligned dimension tool
24. Pick each of the levels and then position the dimension string
appropriately
Note: The order in which you pick the levels with the dimension tool does not matter, nor does it matter where on the line
you pick - you do not need to pick the end of the line, and in fact this is not recommended as the meaning may be
ambiguous. It is better to pick an element part-way along where there can be no confusion.
In positioning a level, we can do so from an absolute datum, by clicking on the elevation value shown and changing it as
required, or we can use a dimension and change its position relative to the surround elements. These could be temporary
dimensions or, as in this case, where we have a permanent dimension we can use these to help set-out the levels correctly.
RST2018-02 – Page 5
As the image on the right here shows, we are looking for 4000 floor-to-floor spacing except for
the Level 2 and top floor, plus a 1200 drop to the top of the foundations. Where we used the
array tool to duplicate the levels, the resulting elements should already be at 4000 spacing.
25. Select the dimension string and lock the padlocks adjacent to any of the values that
correctly show 4000 already – the 4 as shown here
Now we can adjust the values that need to be changed, but

remember this principle shown on the left when adjusting the
values. Pick the level you wish to move and then the applicable
dimensions will highlight in blue, ready for editing.
26. Leaving Level 0 where it is at 0.000m, select and adjust

the relevant dimension values to move the other levels
into the correct place as shown here
27. Select Level 1 and change the appropriate dimension value to 4600
Note: The padlocked dimensions will cause the associated elements to remain at the specified
spacing, so in fact, we are not just moving Level 1 but Levels 1-5 as a group.
28. Using either of the above methods, adjust the Roof level plus any of the others such that
the values read as shown on the right
The dimension has now served its purpose and could be removed or remain if you wish to see it
on a published drawing. The padlocked values will continue to be fixed until unlocked, but again
this causes no issues either way until you need to change them.
Defining Grids
We will now look to define what could be described as the vertical equivalent of the levels - the gridlines. We can define
grids in an elevation, although it tends to be done in a plan view where we can create all the levels rather than only those
which are exactly perpendicular to the view. Curved grids must be defined on plan and diagonal grids would require that
the view was created correctly before the grid could be drawn.
29. Navigate to and Open the Structural Plans: Level 0 view
RST2018-02 – Page 6
30. Pick the Grid tool from the Datum panel on the Structure tab and draw gridline 1
vertically from the bottom to the top, over to the left of the space between the
elevation markers
31. Duplicate the gridline to the right using the Array tool so that you have 6 in total at
6000 spacing
32. Again, using the Grid tool draw a grid horizontally from Right to Left
33. Using Modify (press Esc-Esc to leave the grid tool) pick the
grid and then pick the number in the grid-head
34. Rename the gridline to A
Revit will look to name subsequent grids alphabetically rather

than numerically, to follow the trend set by changing this name.
35. Either by drawing them manually or using the copy or

array features, create grids B to G at 5500 spacing
Tip: Try and aim to get the model grid between the four
elevation heads, although this is not critical as they can be
moved.
This building has a large base plinth with a smaller tower rising from it, hence not all grids are relevant at all levels. We will
now look to restrict the visibility as appropriate.
36. Navigate to the South Elevation
37. Select Grid 1
If we simply drag the head of grid 1 down-over, then all six grids will get
shorter as well. This is because the top and bottom of the grids are locked
together by default or as soon as they become aligned. If we want to adjust
the length of just one of the grids, then we must unlock the padlock before
dragging it down.
If we set two grids to be the same length, they will automatically lock together
and move as one.
RST2018-02 – Page 7
38. Unlock the padlock adjacent to the grid-head and drag down
the small circle which sits where the grid-line meets the grid-
head
39. Repeat this step for Grid 6, dragging the grid-head down until
it is in-line with Grid 1
Note: A blue dashed line indicates that you are in line with another
element. Unlike AutoCAD, you do not need to move the cursor across
to identify Grid 1 in any way for this dashed line to appear. Once the
two are aligned note that the padlock relocks automatically and the
two will move together until unlocked and moved again.
40. Select either Grid 1 or Grid 6 and drag the grid-head down so that it sits between Levels 2 and 3
41. Repeat this in the West Elevation for Grids A, F and G
The above steps will ensure that grids 1, 6, A, F

and G will appear only on Levels 0, 1 and 2 plus
the Foundation level. We will now repeat this
procedure so that Levels 3 and above will appear
in the relevant views only, although in such a
simple model, this is a somewhat academic
exercise.
42. Still in the West Elevation, select

in turn the four upper levels and
unlock their alignment from the
main group, to drag the ends
into alignment, making sure
that the new group are aligned
with one another
43. Shorten the levels so that they

run just either side of grids B
and E
RST2018-02 – Page 8
44. Repeat these two steps in the

South Elevation as per the
image
We can now see the appropriate levels

and grids in the correct views, but on the
upper levels the gridlines are all too long.
There are several methods available to

shorten these lines but we must be careful
to shorten them in a way which does not
make them too short on the lower levels
where they need to extend to the full
extent of the building.
This means that we need a view-specific

solution but if we have lots of views, we
don't want to have to manually adjust
each end of each grid on every view! This
is where the scope box comes into play.
Defining a Scope Box

First, we will define the extent of the scope box in plan.
45. Navigate to and Open Structural Plans: Level 3
46. From the View tab, Create panel, select the Scope Box tool
47. On the Options bar, set the Name to Tower Scope Box and the Height to 14000
48. Draw a rectangular box around the grid intersections (B2 to E5) as
shown here in the Level 5 floor plan
49. Esc-Esc
RST2018-02 – Page 9
Having created it, we can use the basic operations of the scope box to apply it to the relevant views which is done
very simply.
50. In the properties palette for the Level 3 view, scroll down to
Scope Box and select the Tower Scope Box from the pull-down list
51. Repeat this step to apply the scope box to Level 4, Level 5 and
Roof
This concludes this exercise, with a model which is ready to receive geometry in the form of walls, structural frame or other
elements. With these steps, we have prepared the views and the visibility of the levels and grids which is appropriate for
the concept. It is of course not always the case that such a clear understanding of the layout requirements will be available
at the outset and that this exercise may in reality be stretched out over the project lifespan, as the design develops.
RST2018-02 – Page 10
Autodesk Revit
Modular Training
Module 03
Element Selection
and Manipulation
Element Selection and Manipulation
Exercise
This exercise is essentially theoretical, it looks at the basic editing features outside of the context of where the tools are
utilised. However, the skills learned here will be prove invaluable as these tools are used extensively in Revit. The dataset
model has a series of before and after views and the idea is to turn the Before view into a replica of the After view.
Objectives - Simply to try through application the Align,

Offset, Mirror, Split, Move, Copy, Rotate, and Trim tools.
All the tools covered in this exercise are to be found on

the Modify panel of the Modify tab and we will run
through them in order
Open starter file WFP-RST-03-ManipulationA.rvt then navigate to Floor Plans: Basic Editing Functionality and work
through the notes for each tool below.
In the accompanying diagrams, mouse click positions are shown as numbered circles to aid the process. It can be important
to note whether the numbered circle is shown towards the middle of the wall or over an edge of the wall when clicking, so
caution is required as the result may be affected.
1. Align
Icon Before After
Notes
Choose the tool first, before the components.
With this tool, we first choose the reference which is in the correct location and then identify the object you wish to move.
The reference can be a line, a reference plane, a grid or level, or the straight edge of any element. This tool deals in
specifics so with both the elements involved care must be taken as to which face or other reference is to be aligned. In this
case, note that the clicks are on the outside face of the walls. The second alignment (clicks 3 and 4) involves a rotation of
the object during the process, but the connections to walls top and bottom are maintained throughout.
Note: This tool is particularly useful in aligning surface patterns such as ceiling grids and brick coursing or ensuring that
windows in elevation are lined up between floors.
RST2018-03 – Page 2
2. Offset
Icon Before After
Notes
Choose the tool first, and observe the settings on the Options bar such as offset distance, before clicking as indicated for
the first four clicks shown above. Again, be precise where you click.
The offset tool does have some unexpected behaviour. Firstly, if you offset an
element, cancel the command and then sometime later offset another adjacent
element, then the tool operates much as you would expect it to, as demonstrated
in images A and C on the left.
If, however you stay within the offset session (ie don't cancel the command
between clicks) then offset elements will extend to form a corner where the
offset is out-over, as shown in image B here, but will only half manage it when the
offset is in-over, as we can see in D. The position of the cursor in relation to the
wall will dictate the offset direction.
Another oddity is that any hosted elements such as doors or light fittings are
duplicated when you offset a host wall.
The fifth click shown above is done in coordination with the TAB key, and this results in a chain offset, whereby any walls or
lines which are joined end-to-end are offset as one. This removes the above problem of whether corners mend properly or
not as you will see. The process involves hovering over the lower face of the wall as indicated by the number 5, pressing
the TAB key once to highlight the entire zigzag wall and then clicking to confirm. So, it's Hover - TAB - Click
Note: Do not hold the TAB key down and do not move the cursor during this operation.
RST2018-03 – Page 3
3. Mirror (pick)
Icon Before After
Notes
Here you can either choose the components first, and then the tool; or choose the tool, identify the elements and then hit
the spacebar to accept. Most people find it easier to do the former and select the components first, so this is what we will
do here.
Select the components labelled 1 and 2 above, using any of the selection methods available - selection box or holding
down the Ctrl key would be the obvious - and then select the Mirror Pick tool from the Modify tab. From this point, the tool
is effectively a single click operation to identify the reference which will form the mirror line and about which the elements
will be duplicated. One or more presses of the TAB key can be useful in picking the correct reference for the mirror plane if
several are available in a particular place.
4. Mirror (draw)
Icon Before After
Notes
As above, this tool is best selected after the target elements have been selected.
The only difference between this and the Mirror Pick command is that no reference exists along the desired mirror plane,
and so a vector is defined by two mouse clicks to form the centre of the symmetry.
RST2018-03 – Page 4
5. Split
Icon Before After
Notes
Choose the tool first, before the component.
There are a couple of variations of the split tool but this is the most common. It will divide a line or wall into two and leave
the resulting elements butted up against one-another. In this exercise, two splits are made at points 1 and 2 and the
centre portion is then deleted. This can be speeded up by ticking the box in the Options Bar to Delete Inner Segment,
thereby automatically removing the portion between two splits.
Note: Elements such as doors and openings need to be hosted by a wall so you do not use this tool to cut a hole in the wall
in preparation for a door being placed. Also, using this tool to delete a section of wall will cause rooms to spill into adjacent
spaces thereby potentially requiring a room separation line to fix it, whereas a hosted opening will not.
6. Move
Icon Before After
Notes
Once again you can do either but we will select the component first and then the tool.
An element can be moved simply be selecting it and dragging it to a new location but unless there are references to align
to, or a specific location to move it to, the shift is inaccurate, whereas the Move tool allows us to relocate elements with
accuracy, either by a specified movement vector or a stated distance - a movement vector is defined as being a direction
and distance between any two points.
RST2018-03 – Page 5
Pick the element labelled 1 above and then select the Move tool. We then have two choices so you may wish to try one,
undo it and try the other.
The first option is to draw a vector between two points (2 and 3) which defines both the distance and the direction of the
move - the listening dimensions will provide an indication of both.
The second option is to pick a start point for the move as labelled X above, move the cursor in the required direction and
then type in the distance.
7. Copy
Icon Before After
Notes
Not to be confused with the Copy and Paste features which can also be used to duplicate elements, this Copy tool is an
exact replica of the Move tool above, except that it duplicates the element(s) into the new location, and leaves the original
in place. The steps to perform the Copy are identical to those described above.
8. Rotate
Icon Before After
Notes
Select elements labelled 1, 2, 3 and 4 above and pick the Rotate tool. This will draw a dashed box around the chosen
components with the centre of rotation provisionally placed in the middle of this box. We can then define the angle of
rotation either by entering a value on the Options Bar or by graphically picking two points, which when added to the centre
of rotation form a triangle with the desired angle. In this instance, we want to rotate the elements around a different
RST2018-03 – Page 6
position so we must relocate the centre of rotation, and again we have two methods available - we can either drag the dot
labelled 5 in the middle of the selected elements, or we can use the Place button on the Options Bar to define the
specified Rotation Origin. The Spacebar acts as a good shortcut to the latter.
9. Trim (Corner)
Icon Before After
Notes
Here we must choose the tool before the components.
The corner trim tool is used to fillet corners as the name suggests. It can extend or shorten elements as required in order to
make a neat corner as shown in the After image above. Elements are selected in pairs and both elements selected will be
modified as appropriate so it is not important whether you pick 1 then 2, or 2 then 1 - the result will be the same. We
have two examples here so that we can see that the same tool is used to trim or extend in order to form the corner.
Note: This tool runs contrary to the AutoCAD workflow in that click 4 is on the part that you are keeping, and not the part
you are trimming away - this often catches out experienced AutoCAD users.
RST2018-03 – Page 7
10. Trim / Extend
Icon Before After
Notes
Again, we must choose the tool before the components.
This version of the Trim feature differs from the above purely in that the first selected component of the pair (labelled 1
and 3 above) is used as a reference only and is not modified by the tool, whilst the second identified object will be
extended (2) or trimmed (4) to meet that reference. The trim/extend reference will be a specific location, so in the case of
a wall, you can opt to extend to either face or the centreline.
Note: As with the previous Trim(corner) tool, this runs contrary to the AutoCAD workflow in that click 4 is on the part you
are keeping, not the part you are trimming away.
A variation of this tool allows multiple elements to be extended or trimmed to the same
reference so you could repeat this final example using this tool and selecting 1, then 2, then 4 to
achieve the same result.
RST2018-03 – Page 8
Autodesk Revit
Modular Training
Module 04
Visibility Control and

Categorisation
Visibility Control and Categorisation
Exercise
The following exercises provide several practical examples of manipulating a variety of the basic settings which collectively
provide control over what appears on published drawings, and what it looks like. It is important to understand those
factors which have an impact on the style and visual appearance of drawings and other graphics.
Controlling Element Visibility

This exercise starts from the Revit model WFP-RST-04–VisControlA.rvt. The first part of the exercise takes us through the
Visibility Graphics Override dialogue, to manipulate the appearance of the modelled elements within a floor plan.
1. Open the starter file WFP-RST-04–VisControlA.rvt and navigate to and

open Structural Plans: Ground Floor
2. In the Properties
palette, select the
Edit button adjacent
to Visibility /
Graphics Overrides
Note: Most of the commands below can be performed from the Properties palette however, in order to show alternative
options, the steps below look to call up the information from a number of different sources.
3. In the Model Categories tab, Tick Structure in the Filter List (if not already Ticked), and un-tick the box adjacent to
Structural Columns
4. Click OK and notice that the columns are now hidden in the Floor Plan
RST2018-04 – Page 2
5. Select one of the Grids and right-

click, then Select All Instances,
Visible in View
This will select all grids of the same style

presently visible in the current view.
Which in this case equates to all the grids
in the model, as only one style of grid is
employed, and all are visible here.
6. Right-click again, and Override Graphics in View, By Element
This tool allows for one or more elements to be manually altered in a view-specific way and can be used highlight or reduce
the intensity of an object or objects. There is no inherent logic to the overrides as there is with filters or category overrides.
RST2018-04 – Page 3
7. Change the colour of the grids to Red and OK
8. On the View Control Bar at the base of the

screen area set the Scale to 1:100 and the
Detail Level to Coarse
9. Back in the screen area, use the keyboard shortcut VV to launch the Visibility/Graphics Overrides dialogue
10. In the Annotation Categories tab, override the attributes of the Dimensions to Halftone, OK
RST2018-04 – Page 4
Automating View Style
In the first part, we switched some things off, half-toned some and applied an override to others. In the second part of the
exercise, delegates store the settings and refinements made to the ground floor plan and then apply these to the First Floor
plan.
11. In the View tab, Graphics panel, View Templates,

drop-down, select Create Template from Current View
12. Then set the Name to WF Floorplan and OK
This launches the View Templates dialogue showing all the view settings that it is possible to store in a View Template.
Users have the choice to make a View Template that only applies a very small but important change whilst leaving the rest
to individual circumstance – such as applying a complex arrangement of filters – or a view template can effect a change to
almost every aspect of the view and hence create a very closely defined view.
13. OK to accept all

the defaults
RST2018-04 – Page 5
14. Navigate to and open Structural Plans: First Floor
15. In the View tab, View Templates drop-down, select Apply

Template Properties to Current View
The list of available templates which appears can be filtered to those which are
applicable to discipline and view types, one of which will be the newly created
template.
16. Select WF Floorplan from the list and OK
Note: The First Floor Plan now has the columns hidden from view and the
dimensions are switched on and half-toned as per the Ground Floor Plan. The
grids have not gone red however. This difference is due to the fact that the
changes to dimensions and columns were by category, which is captured by the
view template creation, whereas the grids were altered by element and this is
not captured.
RST2018-04 – Page 6
Autodesk Revit
Modular Training
Module 06
Establishing a Project
Exercise
This exercise contains several sections and provides a practical example of linking a Revit Architectural model into a Revit
Structural model and monitoring future model changes. It begins with the starter model WFP-RST-06-SettingsA.rvt.
Objectives - The important learning objectives of the exercise are to understand how to link Revit models, and we'll link a
Revit Architectural model into a Revit Structural model, then using the copy/monitor tools the levels and grid lines are
copied for use in the structural model. As a test of coordination, once linked the grids are moved and a Warning -
Coordination Monitor alert is triggered.
Linking Architectural Model

The first step is to copy the levels from a Revit Architectural model into a Structural Project.
1. Open WFP-RST-06-SettingsA.rvt
2. From Elevations (Building Elevation): Open East

Elevation
3. In the Properties palette, Discipline, select

Coordination
Note: This ensures the view will display elements for

all disciplines (Architecture, Structure and MEP).
We can now Link the Architectural model into the current project.
4. From Insert tab, Link panel, select Link Revit
5. Browse to the Architecture model WFP-RST-06-

ArchitectModelA.rvt
6. Set Positioning: Auto - Origin to Origin
7. Open - to view the linked model in elevation
Notice that the linked model is listed under Revit Links at the
bottom of the Project browser.
8. Open 3D Views: View 1 – Analytical and again set the Discipline to Coordination in the Properties palette
RST2018-06 – Page 2
9. Zoom to fit using the shortcut commands ZE or ZF
Now we can copy the Levels into the Structural Model to enable
monitoring.
10. Open Elevations (Building Elevation): East
It can be difficult to distinguish between modelled elements

and those which denote grids and levels. For this reason, it
can be helpful to set this view to show the modelled
elements in Halftone for this part of the exercise.
11. In the Properties palette, set the Display Model to

Halftone
We can see in this elevation view that we have various levels and grids that have arrived with the Architectural model (as
highlighted below). The level markers on the right of the image belong to the active Structural model.
RST2018-06 – Page 3
To proceed, we need to establish levels and grids in this Structural model and we can this in a coordinate fashion by
copying and/or monitoring the equivalent elements in the Architecture model.
First, let's align the existing levels with those in the linked model and then form a bond between the disciplines so that you
are notified if the Architects levels and grids move around in subsequent releases of the model. It is possible to form this
bond between levels which are not aligned, for instance if the Architect model shows Finished Floor Levels (FFL) and the
Structure model needs to show Structural Steel Level (SSL) or Top of Steel (ToS). For the sake of this exercise however we
will keep things simple and replicate the levels at the same elevations.
12. From the Modify tab, Modify panel, use the Align tool and first pick the First Floor level from
the Architecture model, then pick Level 1 to move it up into position at 4.000m. There is no
need to lock the padlock
We do not have to set the names of levels to be the same although in practice it may make it easier
for collaboration to at least reference the same information. In this exercise, we will keep the
current naming conventions to ease description in our instruction.
Next, we will form a bond between the Architectural First Floor and the Structural Level 1.
13. From Collaborate tab, Coordinate panel, select Copy/Monitor
14. Then choose the Select Link option from the drop-down menu
15. Select the linked Architectural model in the drawing area by picking
any part of it in the active view
This launches the Copy/Monitor tools tab.
16. Using the Monitor tool, pick the

Level 0 and Ground Floor levels to
form a relationship
Note: The order in which you pick them is not important. Once the elements are monitored a symbol will appear
to signify the relationship.
17. Repeat the above step to bind Level 1 with the First Floor
RST2018-06 – Page 4
The Options button contains the settings relating primarily
to the Copy functionality of the Copy/Monitor tools and
here we can define in advance how the Copy tool will work,
such as whether to reuse or create new; to define prefix
and suffix conventions for level and grid names; whether
duplicate openings are to be included in copied hosts.
18. Launch the Options dialogue to review

the settings available
What is of particular use in the collaboration

between disciplines, such as in this scenario is the
option to Copy a level and to Monitor the activity
of the monitored level, even though they are not
at identical elevations. For example, if the SSL is
defined as being 200mm below the FFL then we
can copy the FFL levels from an Architects project
and Revit will generate the SSL equivalent at the
appropriate elevations throughout the model.
In this instance, we will leave the settings as they

are and create the final level by copying the
Architectural Roof level.
19. Cancel the dialogue without making any

changes
20. Select Tools panel, Copy button
21. Select the Roof level to create a

duplicate in this model
Tip: Multiple Levels can be copied in one operation using the Multiple tick box on the Options bar.
RST2018-06 – Page 5
Note: The level head will be black at this stage as this process does not generate a plan view, and
the extent of the level will match the copied Architectural level, and not the precedent set by
existing levels in this active Structural model. Both of these issues will be resolved as the workflow
progresses.
22. Pick Finish on the Copy/Monitor panel to complete this

process
For the sake of consistency, we will rename the new Roof level to continue the
naming strategy that we have already. This will generate a warning as the modified
element is part of a monitored relationship, but this operation will not harm the
monitor. We will also adjust the length of the level line to match Levels 0 and 1 - this
will not generate a warning as it does not affect the performance of the level
regarding the monitoring relationship.
23. Pick the new Roof level shown in black above, and then click on the word Roof in the level head to rename it to
Level 2
24. The warning can be ignored so Close the warning

box by clicking the cross in the top-right corner of
it
25. There are several ways to adjust the length of the level line
but the quickest way here is with the level still selected,
right-click and pick Select all Instances, In Entire Project and
then right-click again to pick Maximize 3D Extents
RST2018-06 – Page 6
Next, we can create a plan view for the new level.
26. From the View tab, Create panel, select Plan Views and pick Structural Plan
27. In the resulting dialogue box, ensure that Type is set to Structural Plan and highlight
Level 2
28. OK to exit and create the view
We will now use the same Copy/Monitor tools to replicate the grids contained within in the Architectural file into this
model. Admittedly, this is perhaps the reverse of common workflow, whereby grids are defined by the Structural team
rather than by the Architectural team but the principles are the same and the technique is still a useful one to practice.
29. Open Structural Plans: Level 0
30. From Collaborate tab, Coordinate panel expand the Copy/Monitor tool and
choose Select Link
31. Select the linked Architectural model in the drawing area which will open
the Copy/Monitor tab on the ribbon
32. Pick Copy on the Tools panel and tick the

Multiple button on the Options Bar
Note: There are now two sets of Finish and Cancel

buttons, with those on the Options Bar referring
to the completion of a multiple selection and
those above with coloured icons used when the
Copy/Monitor operation is completed.
33. Hold down the Ctrl key and select each of the grids in the view then click Finish on the Options Bar
Note: As an alternative, a selection box could be used to select everything and then the blue funnel symbol shown on the
Options Bar in the above image can be used to filter the selection down to just the grids.
RST2018-06 – Page 7
This will have generated a set of duplicate grid-lines and grid-bubbles with the same letters and numbers and
the same symbol will show adjacent to each pairing.
Again, as with the levels, it is possible within the options to define a prefix or suffix to distinguish between Architectural
grids and Structural grids if they are different.
34. Click Finish with the big green tick to complete the grid creation process
This exercise terminates here but if you wish to carry on and

demonstrate the workflow associated with this monitoring of
levels and grids then save and close this Structural model; open the
Architectural model and move a grid by a small amount; save and
close the Architectural model; re-open the Structural model - you
will get a warning box advising you that a coordination review is
required; perform a review of the changes associated with the
linked Architectural model and make appropriate decisions.
Note: The Copy / Monitor tools can encompass more than just levels and grids but caution is to be taken if you do for
reasons mentioned in the lecture notes above.
RST2018-06 – Page 8
Autodesk Revit
Modular Training
Module 07
Introduction to
Building Elements
Introduction to Building Elements
Exercise
The following exercise provides a series of practical examples on the modelling of basic elements such as walls, columns,
beams and vertical bracing. The exercise starts from the Revit starter file WFP-RST-07-ModelBasicsA.rvt.
Objectives - In the process of completing the exercise, familiarisation is gained in placing walls, columns and beams, once
placed we explore how they behave in relation to each other, and finally how vertical bracing is applied.
Firstly, we place a curved wall in the model.
Using the Wall Tool

1. Open the starter file WFP-RST-07-ModelBasicsA.rvt
2. Navigate to and open Structural Plans: Ground Floor
3. Zoom in to the area adjacent to grid lines B4 to A7
4. From the Structure tab, Structure panel, Wall drop down select Wall: Structural
5. In the Options bar, use the drop-downs and change the default settings to:
• Height - ignore the Warning that may appear

• First Floor
• Location Line : Wall Centreline
• Chain : Un-ticked
6. Ensure the Type selector has the Basic Wall Concept - Int 150mm
selected, if not select it from the drop down
7. In the Properties palette confirm the following Constraints:
• Base Constraint: Ground Floor

• Base Offset: 0.0
• Top Constraint: Up to Level: First Floor
• Top Offset: 1100.0
8. In Structural Constraints check that the Structural Usage is set to

Bearing
RST2018-07 – Page 2
Note: Walls can be placed relative to their centreline, internal and external finish face and their
core face. This importance of this is covered in more detail in a later module - System Family
Editing.
9. In the Draw panel select the Center-ends Arc tool
10. To place the wall, first pick the intersection

point A (the centre of the circle) and then
pick the start point B
11. Now pick the second point C on the

intersection points provided
12. Modify to complete
RST2018-07 – Page 3
Secondly, we'll place 9 columns at the grid locations C4 to A7 as indicated here.
13. In the Project browser, navigate to and open Structural Plans:

Foundation
14. Zoom in to the area adjacent to grid lines C4 to A7
15. From the Structure tab, Structure panel,

select Column
16. In the Options bar ensure the fields are set

to:
• Height
• Roof 3
17. Ensure the Type selector has the Concept Structural Steel Column 300x300mm
selected, if not select it from the drop-down
18. Check the Placement panel, Vertical Column is highlighted
19. From the Multiple panel, select At Grids
20. Pick grid line A and using the Ctrl key select the grid lines
at B, C, 4, 6 and 7
21. Choose Finish
Note: The grid lines could also be selected using a typical

Autodesk selection box, remember to select the entire grid line
for this to select correctly.
RST2018-07 – Page 4
22. With the column placement still active, place a column on grid line 4, at 1800mm
off grid B towards grid C
23. Modify to complete column placement
24. Select the column at grid B4, it is not required, and Delete it
25. Open the 3D Views: {3D} to view the columns
Note: The spacebar can be used to rotate the column through 90 degree increments prior to actual placement, and once
placed the column can still be rotated in a similar way. Alternatively, if the option bar field, Rotate after placement is ticked,
the column can be rotated at the desired angle of rotation after placement.
Before the framing beams are added to the building, the columns on grid lines A and B need to be adjusted down to the
correct level - Roof 2 level.
26. If not open, navigate to and open 3D Views: {3D}
27. Use the Ctrl key to multi select the 6 columns – indicated here
28. In the Properties palette change

the instance property - Top Level
from Roof 3 to Roof 2
29. Move the cursor over the active

view to Apply the change
Placing Beams
Now that the columns are positioned at the
correct location and correct height the framing
beams can be placed as indicated here.
30. In the Project browser, navigate to and

open Structural Plans: First Floor
31. Zoom in to the area adjacent to grid lines

C4 to A7
32. From the Structure tab, Structure panel

select Beam
RST2018-07 – Page 5
33. In the Options bar ensure the fields are set to:
• Level: First Floor
• Structural Usage: Automatic
34. Ensure the Type selector has the Concept Structural Steel Beam
300x165mm selected, if not select it from the drop-down
Note: Beams can be inserted using a combination of Revit tools, the Multiple - On Grids tool works in a similar
way that the columns were placed above, select the grid line and beams are placed between columns along
that grid line. When the Chain option is ticked in the options bar (as described above), prior to the placement of
beams, the end point of one beam is also the start point of the next beam, simply un-tick this option to place
individual beams.
35. From the Modify|Place Beam tab, Multiple panel, select On Grids
36. Pick grid C and use the Ctrl key to

pick grid lines A, 4 and 7
37. Select Finish to confirm beam

placement
38. With Chain un-ticked in the Option

bar, place the four remaining beams
– as shown here ① to ④
Note: The floor beam size is automatically placed adjacent to the beam as it is inserted if the Tag on
Placement is selected. This function is controlled through the Tag on Placement button found on the
Contextual menu.
RST2018-07 – Page 6
The two 150 x 150mm floor trimmers to the First Floor can be added to complete
the First Floor layout, highlighted red in the image. With beam selection still active,
or if already closed, re-open the Beam placement tool.
39. From the Structure tab, Structure panel, select Beam
40. From the Type selector drop down,

select Concept Steel Square Section
150x150mm
41. In the Options bar ensure the fields

are set to:
• Placement Plane: Level: First Floor
42. In the Draw panel, select the Center-ends Arc tool
43. To place the beam, first pick the intersection point A (the
centre of the circle) then move away at 45 degrees
44. Type in 5700 and Enter
45. The start point B

and radius are
set
46. Move the cursor left and pick the second point C on the
intersection of grid line 4
RST2018-07 – Page 7
47. From the Draw panel, select the Line tool
48. Zoom in and snap to the Endpoint - B
49. Place the last trim beam at 45 degrees between this

endpoint and the Wall Face
50. Modify to complete
Next, the First Floor beams can be copied up to Roof 2 level and Roof 3 level.
Before this is done, pick the first floor beam that spans from beam to beam, 1000mm to the right of grid 6. Take a look at
the Properties palette for this beam and in the Structural Usage field
note that it has automatically been set to Secondary. Select one of the
beams spanning from column to column or beam to column and note
that their Structural Usage has been automatically set to Primary.
51. Open Structural Plans: First Floor - if not already open
52. Select the 4 beams along grid line C between grids 3 to 7
53. From the Modify|Structural Framing tab, Clipboard

panel, select Copy to Clipboard
54. From the same panel select Paste and

choose Aligned to Selected Levels
55. Use the Ctrl key to select

Roof 2 and Roof 3
56. OK to complete
RST2018-07 – Page 8
57. Open the 3D Views: {3D}
58. Confirm the beams are now added at Roof 2 and Roof 3 levels
59. Select the 9 beams on the First Floor – highlighted blue here
60. Repeat the above steps, copy and paste them to Roof 2 level
61. Open Structural Plans: Roof 2
62. From the Structure tab, Structure panel choose Beam
63. In the Options bar ensure the fields are set to:
• Level: Roof 2
64. Ensure the Type selector has the Concept Structural Steel Beam
300x165mm selected, if not select it from the drop down
65. Place the 2 beams as indicated here
Open the 3D view and confirm the steel frame (the

columns and beams) is complete, the last item to
add to the model is the vertical bracing.
RST2018-07 – Page 9
Vertical Bracing
To complete this exercise, the vertical bracing is added to the corner bays at A6 to A7 and A7 to B7. When placing vertical
bracing the first thing to do is create a framing elevation for the grid line. We will create two framing elevations.
66. In the Project browser, navigate to and open Structural Plans: First Floor
67. Zoom in to the area adjacent to grid lines A6 to B7
68. From the View tab, Create panel, select the Elevation drop-down and choose
Framing Elevation
69. Pick grid line A, when the circle is as shown here
Note: Moving the cursor from one side of the grid line to the other changes the direction of the framing elevation. Once the
framing elevation is open it may be necessary to drag the view crop handles to view the braced bays.
70. Navigate to and open Elevations (Framing Elevation): Elevation 1 - a
Tip: It may be necessary to select the crop region and drag the region to expose the columns at grids 6 and 7.
71. From the Structure tab, Structure panel, select Brace
72. From the Type selector - choose Concept Brace - CHS168
73. De-select the Tag on Placement option
74. Using the snaps, place the braces at the intersections of the
base of the columns, the mid-point of the beams and the
intersection of the columns and beams – as shown here
RST2018-07 – Page 10
75. Open Structural Plans: First Floor
76. Repeat the above steps and create a second

framing elevation for grid line 7 – ensure the
circle is on the outside of the structure
77. Open framing elevation - Elevation 2 -a
78. Insert the bracing - as indicated here
79. Modify when completed
The vertical bracing properties for start and end

attachment and type can be modified through the fields
available under Structural constraints.
Open the 3D view and compare the model to the image below.
Hopefully they are both the same.
RST2018-07 – Page 11
This page has been left blank. Feel free to scribble...
RST2018-07 – Page 12
Autodesk Revit
Modular Training
Module 08
Foundations and Piling

Exercise
This exercise is broken into four sections and provides a practical example of the foundation and piling tools. It begins with
the starter model WFP-RST-08-FoundationsA.rvt.
Objectives - The important learning objectives of the exercise are to understand the placement and behaviour of these
types in Revit. By way of example we'll place several foundation walls, piers, pilasters, foundation slabs and a few isolated
foundations to create a simple basement with foundations, to explore this.
Foundation Walls
It is important to remember that foundation walls are used below ground floor level and Revit understands that from the
selected level they go down to the selected lower level, i.e. the foundation level or basement level.
These walls can be placed in the model in Plans and the 3D View. We will place the walls with their top at foundation level
and the base at basement level.
1. From the Project browser, open Structural Plans: Foundation
2. Zoom to the basement area – Grids E5 to C7
3. From the Structure tab, Structure panel, select the Wall tool – Wall:
Structural
4. From the Type selector, choose Basic Wall Foundation – 300mm Concrete
5. Check the settings on the Options bar are as indicated below
6. In the view window, add walls between the grids as shown

here
Note: By clicking on the padlock the walls become locked to the

gridline and will move with the grid.
RST2018-08 – Page 2
Piers and Pilasters
In this part, we will place 600x600mm
piers under the column locations and
450 x 450mm pilasters in the locations
as indicated here.
7. With the Foundation

view open
8. From the Structure

tab, Structure panel,
select the Column tool
9. From the Type selector, choose Concrete Square 600 x 600mm
10. Check the settings on the Options bar are as indicated below, and
Vertical Column is highlighted
11. In the plan view add six - 600 x 600mm piers under the steel columns as shown in the above image
12. To add the pilasters, from the Type selector, choose Concrete Square 450 x
450mm
RST2018-08 – Page 3
13. Check the settings on the Options bar are as indicated below
14. In the plan view add six - 450 x 450mm pilasters

as indicated here
Tip: Use a combination of the Annotate, Dimension and

Align tools to position the pilasters into the correct
locations. Open the 3D View to check that all the elements
are in the correct locations.
Open the South Elevation to check that the walls, piers

and pilasters are placed at the correct levels.
15. From the Project browser, open Structural

Plans: Basement
Note: The material for the foundation walls, piers

and pilasters is all the same concrete, and therefore
the elements have been automatically joined.
RST2018-08 – Page 4
Foundation Slab
Remember, foundation slabs are inserted in the model below the level in which they are drawn; we will now place a slab at
the basement level. With slabs, we will first sketch the boundary and then apply a slab type.
16. From the Project browser, open Structural Plans: Basement
17. Zoom to the basement area – Grids E5 to C7
18. From the Structure tab, Foundation panel, select the Slab tool –
Structural Foundation: Slab
19. Check the settings on the Options Bar are as

indicated to provide a 650 offset for the slab
– from the wall face, and Un-Tick Extend
into wall (to core)
20. From the Draw panel select – Pick Walls
21. Pick the four foundation walls to

define the perimeter of the
foundation slab
Note: When hovering over the wall the offset is indicated as a blue dashed line. Ensure the sketch is a closed loop. The flip
arrows can be used to flip the Offset from inside to outside and vice versa.
22. To close the sketch mode, select Finish Edit Mode – Green Tick
Close any warning dialogue referring to Span direction symbols not being loaded.
23. The default foundation slab type is – Foundation Slab Concept 300mm
RST2018-08 – Page 5
In the Project browser, open the 3D Views: {3D}

and check the position of the foundation slab.
To demonstrate the use of the slab edge tool, we

will now create a slab edge to the foundation slab.
24. From the Project browser, open 3D Views: {3D} (if not already open)
25. Zoom to the basement area – Grids E5 to C7 – the slab, as shown above
26. From the Structure tab, Foundation panel, select the Slab tool – Slab Edge
27. In the Type selector, ensure the default selection is

Slab Edge Concept 600x300mm
28. Hover over the required edge and it will highlight – then
select to apply edge
29. Rotate the 3D view to select the bottom edges of all four sides of the
slab - or use Hover, Tab, Select to Chain select all edges together
Note: The slab edges automatically mitre at the

corners where they intersect. Some steel
elements are hidden for clarity.
RST2018-08 – Page 6
Isolated Foundations – Pads and Piles
These individual foundation types can be either user created in-place, or pre-loaded Revit objects, they are foundation
families and not system families. These are the most common types of foundations used and we will place a mixture of
simple isolated pad footings and two different types of piles.
To the columns in the office area we will now place

simple isolated pads as shown on the Foundation Plan.
30. From the Project browser, open

Structural Plans: Foundation
31. Zoom to the office area – Grids A4 to C7

as indicated here
32. From the Structure tab, Foundation

panel, select Isolated
33. In the Type selector – select Concept Footing

Rectangular 1500 x 1000 x 450mm
34. Place pads at the 6 locations shown

above
35. Modify to finish using this size

foundation
Now open the 3D view and the South Elevation to

confirm the positions are correct.
Note: When placing the foundations in the plan view the

foundations can be rotated through 45 degree
increments using the spacebar prior to insertion.
RST2018-08 – Page 7
We will carry on adding foundations, and now add the 2400x1800x450mm pad at Grid B6.
36. From the Project browser, open Structural Plans: Foundation – if not already open
37. Select Isolated foundation and in the Type selector – select Concept
Footing Rectangular 2400 x 1800 x 450mm
38. Place the pad at Grid B6
39. Modify to finish
Open the 3D view and the South Elevation to confirm the position is correct at B6.
For the remainder of the columns in the building we will now place individual standard pile foundations as shown on the
image here.
40. From the Project browser, open Structural Plans: Foundation
41. From the Structure tab, Foundation panel, select the Isolated
tool
42. In the Type selector – select Pile Cap – 2 Round Pile Standard
43. Place this size pile at the 10 locations indicated in the image above
RST2018-08 – Page 8
44. From the Type selector – select Pile Cap – 4 Round Pile Standard
45. Place this size pile at the 2 locations shown on the image
above
46. Modify to close selection
47. Open the 3D View to compare the final placement
RST2018-08 – Page 9
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RST2018-08 – Page 10
Autodesk Revit
Modular Training
Module 09
System Family Editing

Exercise
The exercise comprises three parts, the starting position is a partially developed concept model consisting of Grade 1
system and standard family components, we then create a new system family style, before importing a family from an
external library, and ultimately objects are then swapped for more complex composite geometry.
This exercise starts from the Revit model WFP-RST-09-SysFamiliesA.rvt.
Objectives - In the process of completing the exercise, familiarisation is gained in working with system families, how they
can be created, how they can be imported from libraries and how they can be swapped out for more data rich families,
generally as the design evolves.
Defining New System Family Styles

The scenario with this exercise is that we a concept model partially developed and agreed in basic form. We now need to
apply specific wall constructions to the model to prepare it for detailed development, quantity take-off and energy
performance analysis. We will create three variations of an external wall style, and start by duplicating an existing wall
before editing the structure.
1. From the starter file WFP-RST-09-SysFamiliesA.rvt navigate to and open 3D Views: {3D}
2. Select one of the external walls in the view and click Edit Type on the
Properties palette
3. Duplicate the default Concept - Ext 300mm wall and set the name of
the duplicate as External Wall 1 and OK
4. In the Type Parameters, click Edit next to

Structure
RST2018-09 – Page 2
5. Click on the Insert button (highlighted in blue
on the left) to add three layers above the Core
Boundary and one layer below the Core
Boundary
Use the Up and Down buttons to move the four new

layers above and below the Core Boundaries as shown
here.
6. For Layer 5 as shown in the image, click on the

Material dialogue launcher (highlighted in red)
7. Type masonry into the search box in the top-left corner to filter the
list of materials
8. Select the Masonry - Concrete Blocks material
Revit materials are formed from a combination of data which includes

Graphical information for drawings; Appearance for renderings; and
Identity data to incorporate manufacturer, model and other product
data.
Materials can also include data pertaining to physical or thermal properties, although it is not always the case that such
information has been incorporated into the library. For the purposes of this exercise we intend to utilise the model for
energy performance analysis and it is therefore important that we include the Thermal properties.
9. Click on the plus symbol and Add a Thermal tab to the properties of this masonry blockwork material
10. Filter this list of assets using

the search box at the top, and
Click the highlighted arrow to
push the Block - Lightweight
data into the project material
library
RST2018-09 – Page 3
Whilst we are associating meta-data with our blockwork, it is worth
also pointing this material at the appropriate line in the Keynote file.
Keynotes are covered in another module, but in short, the keynote
file is an external txt file which links a hierarchical code to a text
description. Because this data is referenced from an external source
and is live, a keynote file per project is important.
In this case, the default

code is simply F10 which
covers all walling,
whereas we can be more
specific.
11. In the Keynote

dialogue, expand
the F10 section and
highlight F10/350
before clicking OK
to confirm
This material is now ready for us to send into our wall composition.
12. Press OK to return to

structure of the wall
13. Set the Thickness of

this blockwork
material to 100mm
and ensure that the
function is set to
Structure [1]
14. Complete the rest of

this wall composition
using the values
shown here, and OK
and OK to Close
RST2018-09 – Page 4
Note: The rest of the materials used have already got the appropriate Thermal Properties added and hence the Resistance
and Thermal Mass is calculated for the finished wall type.
The selected wall should now show the external colour and surface finish. Next, we will apply this new wall type to the rest
of the external walls.
15. Select one of the other external walls and right-click
16. From the options, Select All Instances - In Entire Project
17. From the Type selector, choose External Wall 1 and Apply
Note: All the external walls should now be shaded to show the finished material.
We will now create some variations with added features, starting with a plinth to all but the small strip above the flat roof,
and then a coping stone to the top of the parapet walls around the flat roof. We could use the same techniques to add
sweeps and reveals to the wall style so that banding and other features are placed automatically.
18. Select one of the external walls of the

model (the one shown brown in the image
above would be a good choice)
19. Edit Type and Duplicate the recently

created wall style, accepting the name as
External Wall 2, OK and in the Type
Parameters, click Edit next to Structure
20. Set the Sample Height in the top-right

corner to 1000, select Preview and change
the View type to Section
RST2018-09 – Page 5
By changing the Preview to a
sectional view, we enable the
six buttons grouped under
Modify Vertical Structure.
21. Click the Sweeps

button in the Modify
Vertical Structure tools
to launch the Wall
Sweeps dialogue
22. Click Add
23. Set the sweep profile to

Brick Plinth Profile
24. Set the material to

Masonry - Brick, New
25. Select OK, OK and OK to finalise the wall type and see
the plinth at the base of the chosen wall
We need to apply this new wall type to all external walls that start on the ground
floor – i.e. NOT the small section of wall above the flat roof, shown red below.
26. Select each of the relevant walls, indicated

blue, and change them to External Wall 2
RST2018-09 – Page 6
Next, we will create the wall type around the office, with the coping profile on top to go around the parapet.
27. Select one of the three shorter walls around the flat roof section of the building
28. Edit Type and Duplicate, accepting the name as External Wall 3
29. In the Type Parameters, click Edit next to Structure and open the Sweeps dialogue again
30. Add a new Sweep, this time using the Coping : 300mm Wall profile, set:
• Material to Concrete - Precast Concrete
• From to Top
31. Apply to check the correct position, then OK, OK and OK and apply this wall type to the other two parapet walls
System Family Library Management

In this part of the exercise, we will look at how we might store these three new wall types in a library for future use. In
these situations, a naming convention is essential if we have any hope of being able to find the relevant wall build-up in a
folder filled with subtle variations. This either must come in the form of a codification system which can be read to identify
the content, or in the form of a register which relates the wall to a graphical or written specification.
Rather than get too hung up on that (essential) attribute we will look at the workflow for extracting the wall compilations,
inclusive of the materials and all data associated with those materials and the finished wall type. We will be using the group
feature to do this.
32. Open the Floor Plans: Ground Floor view from the Project browser
33. From the Architecture tab, use the Architectural: Wall tool to
draw three short walls off to one side of the model, one each of
the three new External Wall types (1, 2 and 3) we have just
created
RST2018-09 – Page 7
In a normal working environment, these will be deleted again once we finish with them. Also, worth noting is that the size
of the wall is completely irrelevant to the process.
34. Select one of the short walls and from the Modify tab, choose the Group tool, giving the
group the same name as the wall type, and OK
35. Repeat for each of the three wall

types
36. From the File tab,

choose Save As,
Library and Group
This will open the Save

Group dialogue and point
to the default Revit Family
Library.
37. At the bottom of the Save Group dialogue, locate the

Group To Save drop-down list, select the Model Group
one at a time, and Save them to the library location
In most cases, libraries are managed on a project level by an assigned model coordinator and then submitted for inclusion
in a central corporate library, once each item or group has passed certain QA procedures.
RST2018-09 – Page 8
We will now look at how a System Family such as these would be loaded and used on subsequent projects.
38. From the Insert tab, select the Load as Group tool and navigate to the datasets folder to locate the Acme-
Type_F6Q_IntWall.rvt file and click Open to load into the project
39. Navigate to and open the Callout of First Floor plan view
40. Select one of the walls and right-click to

Select All Instances, In Entire Project
41. From the Type selector change all these walls to the newly
loaded Acme F6 Q style and Apply
Simply by loading the group into the project, this wall style is available to choose from the pull-down list. In fact, the group
can be deleted from the project at any time because it has already done its job.
Select one of the walls and explore the Type

properties of the style, noting the quantity and depth
of metadata associated with the wall composition. As
well as the Identity Data of each individual material,
which are manufacturer specific rather than simply
generic plasterboard.
RST2018-09 – Page 9
Attached to the wall group that we brought in are several tags and a series of applicable detail components and repeating
details which speed up the process of adding typical construction information to the model data.
42. From the Annotate tab, Tag panel select the Multi-Category tag
tool
43. From the Type selector, set the type to Description and Click on one of
the walls
44. Change the type to NBS Ref / Desc / Type, select a different wall
and place another tag – see image below
This is a good example of BIM

methodology in practice, with an
element which has graphical and
non-graphical information stored
within it and a concept of where
it sits in relation to other
elements and the surrounding
model. If we were to swap these
for a different wall style from the
same library, then not only would
the graphics change but the
notes as well.
It is not the intention in this

exercise to detail the view but
common detail families and
repeating details are also
included in this wall style pack to
allow the view to be developed
as required with the addition of
Insulation Batt Lines, tags and
dimensions.
RST2018-09 – Page 10
Defining New System Family Styles – Slab
45. Open the starter file WFP-RST-09-SysFamiliesA.rvt, (if not already

open), navigate to and open the 3D View: {3D}
46. Select the Floor Concept 300mm, the ground floor slab in the view
47. Edit Type and Duplicate the Concept Floor 300mm and set the name of the duplicate as Ground Floor Slab -
300mm
48. Click Edit next to Structure
49. Develop the floor construction as shown in the image below
50. OK, OK to return to the 3D View
Note: The floor should now show as the new floor style.
RST2018-09 – Page 11
RST2018-09 – Page 12
Autodesk Revit
Modular Training
Module 10
Basic Schedules and

Legends
Basic Schedules and Legends
Exercise
The ability to automatically create schedules and then add legends is a powerful aspect of the software and once the
trainer has provided a brief overview of this topic, delegates are expected to follow the trainer using the numbered actions
below.
Objectives - The important learning objectives of the exercise is to provide an insight into how to manipulate the
information contained and how this information is displayed in the schedules. Delegates will make several changes to the
model content and then view the effects this has on the existing schedule as well as modifying the schedule and viewing
the changes this has on the model itself.
Create a Schedule
1. Begin by opening the project starter file WFP-
RST-10-SchedulesA.rvt
2. From the View tab, select the Schedules drop-down and the
Schedule/Quantities tool
3. With only Structure ticked in the Filter list, select

Structural Foundations from the Category list,
check Schedule building components is selected
(default setting), set the Phase to Existing and OK
Note: Phasing is explained in a later module but it is worth noting at this stage that
the schedule is counting the components which exist at a particular point in time for
the project.
4. Include the following fields: - Family, Length, Mark, Number of Piles, Pile
Cap Length, Pile Cap Volume, Pile Cap Width, Pile Diameter, Pile Length,
Pile Volume, Type, Volume, and Width
RST2018-10 – Page 2
5. Click OK to review the schedule at this stage
We will be doing this between each step, to see the impact of each action on
the finished schedule, and how the schedule develops, rather than simply
seeing the end result of multiple actions. In between each step, click OK to
review the results and then to get back into the properties to make further
changes, simply click one of the Edit... buttons on the properties palette. These
buttons will shortcut to the correct tab in the Schedule Properties dialogue but
it is not critical which button you press as you can navigate to alternate tabs
once within the dialogue.
6. Within the Fields tab, move the parameters up and down to rearrange into the following order. Click OK to review
again
Adjacent columns which refer to similar values can be grouped together to ease the reading of the table. There are two
methods for doing so.
7. Firstly, simply pick and drag the cursor through the two column headers labelled Width and Length, then right-click
and select Group Headers type a new title of Pads as these dimensions refer to the isolated pad foundations
8. Alternatively, select the next four column headers in the same way and a button on
the ribbon allows you to Group headers
9. Repeat either of the above methods to group the headers as shown in the image,
noting that multiple levels of grouping are allowed
Sometimes the column header names are not ideal, or where they are grouped as above, certain wording is duplicated and
could be removed to save space on the published version. This can be done without affecting the field from which the
information is taken, and once more there are two ways to do it.
RST2018-10 – Page 3
10. In the schedule, select the header above the Volume column and edit the text in-situ to read Total Volume of
Concrete
The same result can be achieved in the Formatting tab by

selecting the Field name and editing the Heading. In this case
select Pile Cap Length, Pile Cap Width and Pile Cap Volume one
at a time and remove the work Cap from each
11. Whilst in the Formatting tab, familiarise yourself with

the ability to adjust the alignment or justification of the
columns as required and OK to see the results once
more
Next, we will prove that the information in the schedule is live and remains coordinated with the other model views.
12. Use the Close Hidden button from the View tab to ensure that the Structural
Foundation Schedule is the only view open. Open the Foundation Iso 3D
view and select Tile from the View tab in order to see both open views side-
by-side like this
Note: Don’t worry if the schedule is on the left. Whichever view is active as you use the Tile tool will occupy the top-left
position.
13. In the 3D view, select the pile-cap highlighted above (Mark 03)
14. In the Type selector, change the foundation type to a Concept Footing – Rectangular – it does not matter which
one – and note that the change is reflected in the schedule in the location marked
15. Within the schedule view, click in the Family field for the same foundation Mark 03 and reverse the procedure,
noting that the model view is automatically updated
RST2018-10 – Page 4
16. Close the Foundation Iso view and expand the schedule to fill the screen once more
Having decided on the fields we want to see, and how we want to see them laid out and labelled, we next turn our
attention to the data itself and how that is sorted and filtered as required, perhaps in order to provide schedules which are
summarised by specified criteria or maybe detailed insights into each unique instance.
We will start by putting the elements into a logical order and summing up the quantities underneath.
17. Back on the Schedule Properties Sorting/Grouping tab,

choose Family from the Sort by: pull-down
18. Tick the Header and the Footer: option and set this to
Totals only
19. Click OK to see that the foundations are

now collated but despite the Footer
option being set to display Totals, the
components are not being counted and in
fact no footer is displayed
20. On the Formatting tab, select the

Number of Piles field from the list on the
left and from the Calculation drop-down,
select Calculate totals. Repeat this
operation for the Volume field
The schedule should now show a footer under each grouped set of foundations, providing a total
count of piles and a total volume of concrete contained in that group of elements.
Now that we have grouped the foundations by style and added a header to each group, it is
unnecessary to then repeat this in each line under the Family column. The column must exist in
order to be able to Sort or Group by this field but we can hide the column at this point so that it does
not show.
21. On the Formatting tab, select the Family field from the list on the left and then tick the box
marked Hidden Field
22. Back on the Sorting/ Grouping tab, opt for Then by: Mark, without a Header or Footer
RST2018-10 – Page 5
23. Click OK to review how this affects the list
Sometimes, we need to refine the catchment of elements to prepare a schedule for a specific purpose. This may mean that
several schedules are created from one category, but filtered to limit what is shown in each.
Included within this category of component is a foundation slab - Mark S-1 - which for the purposes of demonstration we
have deemed to be part of a different package of work and hence should not be shown in this schedule.
To remove such items from the schedule, a filter is applied and a suitable field must be identified which will segregate the
offending items without accidentally hiding other foundations which may be added later and do need to be shown in this
schedule. In this case, there are several options we could choose but the simplest is to directly filter out the component
Mark S-1.
Note: A user-defined yes/no parameter could be created called Include in Schedule to do the same job in a way which is
more transparent to other users. Caution is required whichever method you choose as it removes the automated guarantee
that the schedule reflects the modelled elements.
24. On the Filter tab, select Filter by:

Mark with the criteria set to does not
equal, choose S-1 from the pull-down
list
RST2018-10 – Page 6
This will remove any elements from the schedule which match these criteria.
25. OK and note the shorter list, as S-1 has been removed
The schedule created so far is based upon one row per item with information pertaining to each unique instance shown in
the various fields. Whilst this is useful for identifying detailed criteria such as unique reference or possibly location for each
element, it is also possible to create summaries of information, which count elements of a similar nature.
26. Back on the Schedule Properties

Sorting/Grouping tab, adjust the
properties as shown:
a. Change the Sort by
footer to Count and
totals
b. Set the Then by sorting

to (none)
c. Tick Grand totals and

from the adjacent
dropdown select Title,
count and totals
d. Un-tick Itemize every

instance
The schedule now summarises the foundations by counting the number of components of each style and delivering a total
at the bottom of the table covering all foundations.
RST2018-10 – Page 7
Note: Unique information which relates to individual foundation Mark is no longer shown as the information in each cell has
to be constant across all grouped elements.
27. To complete this

section of the
exercise, undo step
26 b in the
Sorting/Grouping
dialogue and set the
Then by sorting to
Mark and OK
Create a Graphical Column Schedule

The second part of the exercise looks at a graphical representation of scheduling, in the form of a Graphical Column
Schedule. This simple exercise follows the same interactive delivery method as with the schedule part of the exercise, with
delegates following the actions of the trainer.
The same project starter-file as used above (WFP-RST-

10-SchedulesA.rvt) can be used to continue this
exercise, regardless of whether the above steps have
been followed. The workflow of this session is to
generate a column schedule and adjust the content
and graphical representation as required. Again, we
will perform a task and review the impact on the
schedule before proceeding to the next step.
28. From the View tab, expand the Schedules split

button and select the Graphical Column
Schedule tool
RST2018-10 – Page 8
Because this feature is limited in scope and can only be applied to structural columns, activating the tool creates the basic
schedule in a single click. What we can do from here is to manipulate how the data is displayed and which columns are
included.
Firstly, let’s look at the graphical representation of the data.
29. At the base of the screen area, in the View Control Bar,
set the Detail Level to Fine and Visual Style to Shaded
30. In the Properties palette, there are two Edit buttons which both
launch a two-page dialogue to control the Grid and Text Appearance.
Select either one and set the width For Column Locations to 20mm
and for the text, set the Title and Column Locations to 2.5mm and
the Level to 2mm
Note: Should Design Options be in use

within the project, then the control of
which option is included in the schedule
can be controlled through the normal
method of the Visibility Graphics Override
dialogue.
RST2018-10 – Page 9
Having defined how the schedule looks, we will next refine the content of the schedule to pick up only the required
elements. As highlighted in the early part of the exercise where we restricted the Foundation Schedule to the existing
phase only, we will likewise restrict this schedule to show the same.
31. In the Properties palette, set the Phase to Existing and the Phase Filter to
Show Complete
Should you wish to restrict the schedule to display only steel or concrete columns then we can do this very easily.
32. Launch the dialogue from the button

adjacent to Material Types and un-tick the
boxes for Precast Concrete, Wood and
Other
33. OK and review how the two previous steps

have shortened the list
Note: Step 33 does not actually shorten the

schedule at all because none of the three column
materials removed are actually in use in the model.
You may notice that the level markers to the side of the schedule do overlap where they are near one another. We cannot
unfortunately do much about this, other than to remove any unwanted levels from the schedule.
RST2018-10 – Page 10
34. From the Properties palette, use the button

adjacent to Hidden Levels to launch the
dialogue
35. Tick the box for Ground Floor, thereby

removing it from the view and making
more room
That concludes the second stage of the exercise and all that remains is to collate the various
views onto a sheet for publication. This process is described in detail in a later module but
and so for the purposes of completing this process, we will not explain too much of what is
happening.
36. From the Project browser, open the drawing sheet RST-10-01
37. Drag the Structural Foundations Schedule onto the sheet and position it
38. Adjust the column widths such that the text does not wrap onto a second line in any of the cells
RST2018-10 – Page 11
39. To finish the exercise, drag the Graphical Column Schedule and the Foundation plan view into position on the
drawing sheet, as shown in the image here
The completed exercise can be viewed in the finished file WFP-RST-10-SchedulesZ.rvt
RST2018-10 – Page 12
Autodesk Revit
Modular Training
Module 11
Geometry Formation and

In-Place Families
Geometry Formation and In-Place Families
Exercise
This topic is best explained by demonstration and experience; hence no
reference notes are provided in advance of the exercise, but information is
supplied along the way.
Extrusion
1. Create a new project file in Revit
2. From the Project browser, open Floor Plans: Level 0
Note: Depending on the default template available on the PC used for this training, the view
naming may vary from that given during this exercise. It is not critical to the exercise which level
is chosen, but it is important that unless where told otherwise, the same level is used
throughout the exercise to avoid confusion.
3. Expand the Component drop down on the Architecture tab, Build panel, and select
Model In-Place
4. In the Family Category and Parameters dialogue box, set the Filter list to
Architecture and then choose Generic Models, and OK
Note: When creating any families, whether they are in-place, standard or other, the choice
of category is critical to the operation and dictates how the element will perform and be
documented. In this case as we are looking at basic principles, and hence the generic
category is sufficient, but should it not be chosen by default in normal operations.
5. In the Name box enter a unique name for

the component and OK
6. Choose Extrusion from the Forms panel
7. Using the draw tools to define boundary lines which must form a
closed loop
The shape is not important, but keep it simple for now
Note: Multiple boundaries may be placed alongside one another in a single extrusion or a boundary may be created entirely
within another boundary to form a cut-out, as long as they do not come into contact with each other.
RST2018-11 – Page 2
8. In the Element Properties palette, put values in the Extrusion Start and Extrusion End parameters
9. To complete the extrusion, select Finish Extrusion, Green tick
10. Open the 3D View to review the result
11. Back in the plan view select the shape and Edit Extrusion
12. Add a circle, entirely within the boundary
13. Finish and review
14. Choose Extrusion from the Forms panel
15. Draw another circle to form a cylinder which overlaps the edge of the main shape
16. Finish Extrusion
17. Duplicate the new shape so that both copies now

overlap the main shape
18. In a 3D View, select one of the

cylinders and drag the base up so
that it starts part-way up the main
shape
19. In the properties of this cylinder,

change from a Solid to a Void
Note: A void can be created using the Void form tools which allow for identical
shape generation, and a form can be toggled from a solid to a void and vice-
versa. The advantage to creating a solid and converting it to a void is that it
does not automatically cut through everything it touches, but allows more
careful selection of the components required for cutting.
RST2018-11 – Page 3
20. Use Cut from the Geometry panel and select both the void and the main solid shape
Note: This shows the different methods of adding a hole through the original geometry and
highlights the main difference. Editing the shape and adding an additional boundary will cut
through the whole shape and the hole must remain within the main boundary. By using a void to
cut the hole, we can still cut all the way through if we wish but also have more control over how
and where it cuts.
21. Adjust the height of the other cylinder by selecting it and dragging the top higher than the main shape
22. Use Join from the Geometry panel, selecting both the main shape and the high cylinder
Note: In joining the geometry, the forms are graphically welded together although they
still edit and operate as separate objects at this stage. The reason for joining them is
ensure that we do not duplicate the volumes of materials for the overlapping parts
and that we generate an edge at the intersection.
23. We can now select Finish Model which will take us out of
the In-Place family editing environment and back to the
standard project environment. The various shapes
generated during the editor session now act as one object
Blend
24. Open Floor Plans: Level 0 and either delete previous form or move to one side
25. Expand the Component drop down on the Architecture tab, Build panel, and select Model In-
Place
26. In the Family Category and Parameters dialogue, choose Generic Models, and then in the next dialogue accept the
suggested name for the blend
27. Choose Blend from the Forms panel
28. Using the draw tools, draw a closed loop boundary

of lines for the base of the shape
29. Stay in the same view and select Edit Top, from the Mode panel and draw another shape for
the top boundary
Note: The way in which the two boundary shapes are blended can be edited afterwards but best results can often be
achieved by matching the number of vertices on the two boundaries so if you are blending from a square to a circle, it may
be more aesthetically pleasing to form the circle with four arcs to match the four sides of the square.
30. In the Element Properties palette, place values in the First End and Second End parameters. Also assign a Material
if required
RST2018-11 – Page 4
31. To complete the blend, select the Green Tick and Finish Edit Mode
Note: The height of the blend can be defined or modified in 3D or in elevation once the form has been generated if
that is preferred.
Revolve
33. Open Floor Plans: Level 0 and either delete the previous form or move to one
side
34. Expand the Component drop down on the Architecture tab, Build panel, and
select Model In-Place
35. In the Family Category and Parameters dialogue, choose Generic Models, and then in the next dialogue accept the
suggested name for the revolve
36. Choose Revolve from the Forms panel
37. From the Draw panel select Boundary Line and using the Draw tools
to draw the closed loop lines to describe half of the cross-sectional
profile
38. From the Draw panel select

Axis Line and use Line tool to
draw the axis, as indicated in
blue
Note: The axis line is planar and therefore the length of the line is irrelevant. It may touch the shape but cannot cut through
the shape, even if projected to infinite length.
39. To complete the revolve select Finish
RST2018-11 – Page 5
Sweep
41. Open Floor Plans: Level 0 and either delete previous form or move to one side
42. Expand the Component drop down on the Architecture tab, Build panel, and select Model
In-Place
43. In the Family Category and Parameters dialogue, choose Generic Models, and then in the
next dialogue accept the suggested name for the sweep
44. Choose Sweep from the Forms panel
45. From the Sweep panel select Sketch Path and

using the Draw tools Spline option, draw a path
for the Sweep. For Sweep the path can be an open
loop as shown or a closed loop
Note: Using Pick Path instead of Sketch Path requires the selection of the edges of an existing form and allows for the
generation of a 3D path, which the Sketch Path option does not allow.
46. Select the Green Tick
47. Go to Edit Profile and from the Draw options and

draw the closed loop Profile shape. A pre-defined
Profile may be used as an alternative if one has been
created
Note: It will be required at this point to switch to an alternate view as the profile must be drawn perpendicular to the plane
of the path and cannot therefore be defined in plan.
48. Select Finish Edit Mode
49. To complete the Sweep, select Finish Sweep and Finish the In-Place Editor
RST2018-11 – Page 6
Swept Blend
51. Open Floor Plans: Level 0 and either delete previous form
or move to one side
52. Expand the Component drop down on the Architecture

tab, Build panel, and select Model In-Place
53. In the Family Category and Parameters dialogue, choose Generic Models, OK and then in the next dialogue box
accept the suggested name for the swept blend
54. Choose Swept Blend from the Forms panel
55. From the Swept Blend panel select Sketch Path and from the Draw panel use the
Start-End-Radius Arc option and draw a path for the Swept Blend.
56. The path can be open or a closed loop
Note: As with the Sweep, Pick Path would allow for the generation of a 3D path.
57. Click the Green Tick to finish the path
Note: Once again it will be required to switch to an alternate view to define the profile.
58. Open Elevations: South
59. Go to Swept Blend panel and select Profile 1 and then Edit Profile
60. Use the Draw options draw a closed loop boundary line for the first profile
Note: The position that the Profile is placed relative to the start and end points.
61. Draw a rectangle for Profile 1 as indicated
RST2018-11 – Page 7
63. Repeat the above steps to create the second profile, Profile 2 - this time a
draw a triangle
65. Finish the Swept Blend
66. To complete the Swept Blend, select Finish Model
RST2018-11 – Page 8
Autodesk Revit
Modular Training
Module 12
Slab and Roof Tools

Slab and Roof Tools
Exercise
This exercise begins with the starter model WFP-RST-12-SlabsRoofsA.rvt.
The exercise is broken into two sections and the starter file A can be used continually through each section. We'll start by
placing two structural floor slabs at the First Floor, then we'll create two roofs using Roof by Extrusion, and Roof by
Footprint.
Objectives - The important learning objectives of the exercise are to understand the sketching principles behind each of
the slab types in Revit, including Floors and Roofs as well as Walls, and any other extrusion-based component. Secondary
features covered include the creation of openings and voids.
Inserting Floor Slabs

First a slab will be inserted on the first floor of the main building (F1 to C7) and then a second slab in the office annex (C4 to
A7).
1. Open the starter file WFP-RST-12-SlabsRoofsA.rvt and

navigate to and open the First Floor plan view
2. Zoom in to the area adjacent to grid F1
3. From the Structure tab, select Floor
The default tool for defining the boundary of the floor slab is Pick Walls,
used when selecting the perimeter walls of the building.
4. Select Pick Supports
5. With the default options as they are, select the support beam running from grids E1 to F1, notice the two parallel
lines indicating span direction
Note: The first support selected determines the Span Direction, this can be modified after insertion using the Span Direction
tool.
6. Pick a support beam on grid lines F, C and 7 to define the entire floor slab, individual slabs could be determined
simply by picking the necessary supports
7. Use the Trim/Extend to Corner tool from the Modify panel

ensure the shape is a closed loop
RST2018-12 – Page 2
Slab and Roof Tools
8. Finish Edit Mode to create slab, confirm in the Floor Properties the type of floor as the Floor
Suspended Steel Deck - 300mm and the Height Offset From Level is 300mm
Open Sections (Building Section) Section 1 and Section 2 to view the results of the default settings. The
composite slab (the concrete and steel elements) ends on the centreline of the support beams. Now create
cantilevers for the slab components.
9. Open the First Floor plan
10. Zoom in to grid F1 and select the slab and pick Edit Boundary from the Mode panel
11. Select the slab edge along grid 1
12. In the Options Bar set both Concrete and Steel Cantilevers to -200, as below
13. Now select the slab edge along grid F
14. In the Options Bar set the Cantilevers to Concrete 200 and Steel to 200
Note: Unlike usual selection methods in Revit, where moving the cursor across the members determines the direction of any
offset, in this instance a minus sign is used to distinguish between left and right and up or down offset direction.
15. Repeat the above steps to grid lines C and 7 using 200mm cantilevers
16. Finish Edit Mode and open Sections 1 and 2 to view the results
Ignore the rectangular hole in the top-left corner of the floor, we will cut this later in the exercise.
Now create a similar composite floor slab for the office building.
Open the First Floor plan and select the support on grid 4 first, in
order to set span direction.
17. Using Pick Supports select the beams to grids A, C, 4 and 7

(use suitable 200mm cantilever settings)
18. Then use Pick Lines to select the correct faces to outline
the stairwell as shown here
19. Ensure that the shape is a closed loop before using the Finish Floor
option which will bring up a warning box regarding the automatic
attachment of all walls that go up to the underside of this slab. Say No
to this option
20. In the Type selector confirm the floor as Floor Suspended Steel Deck -
300mm and the Height Offset From Level is 300mm
RST2018-12 – Page 3
Slab and Roof Tools
Note: In certain instances when pick walls is used a second dialogue box opens to inquire if the slab and walls should have
volumes cut out, in a simple building model we can accept the option but in anything more complex, it is advisable not to
allow this as the over-simplistic logic can have adverse effects.
21. Open the 3D Views: {3D}, zoom to extents and pick one of
the external walls, the Basic Wall New External Wall 2,
using the keyboard shortcut SA, select all the walls. Now in
the Properties palette modify the Top Constraint to Up to
level: Roof 1
Open Sections 1 and 2 to view the effects of this action, zoom in

and try applying Thin Lines for a clearer view.
Note: The Option Bar has two parameters to extend the floor slab into the wall
(to core) and to offset the slab into the wall. When pick walls is used to define
the slab the effect of ticking the Extend option is to extend the slab to the core
of the wall, when combined with an Offset the concrete elements of the slab
can be forced further into the core according to the dimension entered whilst
the steel element will always stop short, at the inside face of the core.
Inserting Roofs
First the curved roof over the main building will be created using Roof by Extrusion, followed
by the sloping roof over the office building using Roof by Footprint.
22. Navigate to and open Elevations (Building Elevation): East
23. Zoom to Fit (to ensure the centre radius point is visible)
24. From the Architecture tab, Roof drop-down, select Roof By Extrusion
25. In the dialogue box check the settings and OK
26. From the Draw panel select Center-ends Arc
27. Zoom to the centre of the circle and pick (the crosshairs)
RST2018-12 – Page 4
Slab and Roof Tools
28. Ensure the cursor is positioned vertical/perpendicular at
90 degrees
29. Then type 44865 and Enter to apply the radius, and create
the roof start point
30. Zoom to the roof start point and move the cursor to
the right, and type 26 and Enter to apply the degrees
31. Finish Edit Mode to complete the shape
32. In the Type selector change the roof to Basic Roof Steel Deck - EPDM
Membrane
33. To define the start and end of the roof, modify the roof constraints to:
• Extrusion Start: -1500
• Extrusion End: 35800
34. Move the cursor over the view to confirm the roof
35. Open the 3D View to visualise the new curved roof
Secondly, we'll create a sloping roof for the office building using Roof By Footprint.
36. Navigate to and open Structural Plans: Roof 2
37. From the Architecture tab, Roof drop-down, select Roof By Footprint
38. Set the overhang to 500mm
RST2018-12 – Page 5
Slab and Roof Tools
39. Pick Walls draw option to select the walls on sides 2, 3 and 4 of the slab shown below, ensuring that the overhang
is external (moving the cursor across the wall toggles the placement)
40. Use the Pick Lines tool with the Lock

option ticked to select the external face
of the wall to define side 1 of the shape
as shown here
41. Use the Trim tool to finish the rectangle
42. Select the sketch line numbered 3 on

the image above and select the Defines
Slope option
43. Set the pitch of the sketch line 3 to 5

degrees and Enter
44. Finish Edit Mode
45. In the Type selector drop down check the roof is Basic Roof Steel
Bar Joist -Steel Deck - EPDM Membrane
46. Open the 3D view and select the three external walls that sit
under the roof, then select the Attach Top/Base tool and pick
the roof, the walls are now extended to meet the underside of
the roof
RST2018-12 – Page 6
Slab and Roof Tools
47. In the 3D View repeat the above process and select the four external walls that sit under the curved roof and use
the Attach Top/Base tool to attach those walls to the roof
Shaft Opening
Continue in the same model. To complete the exercise the shaft opening can now be created in the first floor slab.
48. Open the Ground Floor plan
49. On the Structure tab, Opening panel choose the Shaft opening tool
Note: The shaft tool is effectively a stand-alone void object which is defined on plan and runs vertically through the model,
interacting with any floors and roofs that it encounters.
50. In the top-left corner of the building,

adjacent to grid F1, use the Draw tools
to define a rectangular opening as
shown here in blue
The exact size and location of the opening is not

critical to the exercise.
Note: Remember to click Finish Opening once

you have finished sketching the rectangle.
RST2018-12 – Page 7
Slab and Roof Tools
51. Use the light bulb tool at the bottom of the screen
area to reveal hidden elements – in this case a
Section
52. Ensure that the Section line runs through the opening defined in the previous step and if not, drag it so it does. The
light bulb can then be turned off again
53. Open Section 1 and move the cursor around between the grids until the shaft highlights and can be selected. The
blue drag nodes on the top and bottom allow the shaft to be adjusted vertically to correctly cut through the
required slab
54. The void should start just below the First Floor and continue up above the First Floor slab
RST2018-12 – Page 8
Autodesk Revit
Modular Training
Module 13
Stairs, Ramps and

Railings
Stairs, Ramps and Railings
Exercise
This exercise provides a practical example of using the stairs, ramps and railings tools and comprises six sections. In the first
we use the Stair tool to place a monolithic concrete stair. In the second we modify the placement of the stairs handrails. In
the third we place stand-alone handrailing to the First Floor. In the fourth we use the multi-storey tool, in the fifth we
create an external stair complete with landings, again using the Stair tool. Finally we use the Ramp tool to add a ramp to
the lower carpark.
Objectives - Placing and manipulating two staircases, changing a handrail style and editing a hosted handrail.
The exercise starts from the Revit model WFP-RST-13-StairsA.rvt
Stair
1. From the Project browser open the First Floor plan view
2. Zoom in to the gallery area as indicated
3. From the Architecture tab, Circulation panel,

select Stair
4. From the Type selector, ensure Cast-

In-Place Stair, Concept Monolithic is
selected
5. In the Constraints pane, change the Base Level to Ground Floor and the Top
Level to First Floor
6. Apply
7. On the Options bar change:
• Location Line : Exterior Support: Left

• Actual Run Width : 1500
RST2018-13 – Page 2
8. On the Modify Create Stair tab, Components panel check that Run is
selected and pick the Centre-ends Spiral draw tool
9. Hover the cursor over the curved wall as indicated, from the
keyboard type the keyboard shortcut for Show Centre, SC
10. Pick the Centre indicated by

the small circle
11. Now pick the intersection of the floor and curved wall as indicated by A, to
define the start of the stair
Note: Prompt indicates that 0 Risers created, 24 remaining.
12. Drag the run downwards towards point B to define

the length of the stair run, when the 24 Risers are
created and 0 remaining, Click to complete the
stair
Note: The run length will be restricted by the distance

between risers and the number of risers required to
reach the desired height.
13. The stair should be placed in Plan
14. The stair UP direction is wrong, Select the stair
15. Select Flip from the Tools panel
RST2018-13 – Page 3
16. From the Mode panel, select the Green tick
17. From the Project browser, open 3D Views: Main Stair
Note: This will have created a monolithic concrete staircase with a default
handrail applied to either side. It should be noted that one handrail sits inside
the curved wall and the other actually overhangs the side of the staircase, to
check in plan, open the First Floor plan and Zoom to the top stair tread. This
is because the default handrail is designed to sit in the centre of a 50mm
stringer, the inside face of which coincides with the boundary of the stair run,
so the handrail has a 25mm offset from the boundary. To correct this we will
modify the handrails.
Hand Railings
18. Select the left handrail and in the Properties palette

change the Offset from Path to 50
19. Open the First Floor plan to confirm alignment
20. Select the right handrail adjacent to the curved wall and change the
type in the Type selector to ‘Railing Wall-mounted Rail’
21. Open the 3D Views: Main Stair to confirm
Note: This handrail type has been designed to suit this requirement with a
bespoke basket mounted at a set height above the stair, replacing the
standard baluster which extends from the stair up to a height.
RST2018-13 – Page 4
Stand-Alone Railings
We'll now add a stand alone handrail to the First Floor balcony.
22. From the Project browser open the First Floor plan view
23. Architecture tab, Circulation panel, Railing drop-down select Sketch Path
24. Select Pick Lines from the Draw panel
25. Pick the edge of the balcony as indicated
26. Click the Green tick to Finish the first railing
27. Open the 3D Views: Main Stair to see the finished result
The image has been coloured for clarity.
Multi-Storey Stair
In this part of the exercise we explore the Multi-storey stair tool to place a second staircase.
28. Still in the Main Stair 3D view, select the Stair
29. Pick Select Levels from the Multistory Stairs panel
30. Select Elevation: West from the Go To View dialogue box
RST2018-13 – Page 5
31. Select the Second Floor level
32. Green tick to finish
33. Open the 3D Views: Main Stair

to see the multi-storey stair
34. Open the Second floor plan
35. Use the Tab key to select the Stair

as shown
Note: Revit will by default select all segments of the multi-storey

stair, using the Tab key allows you to select the segment required
36. From the Modify panel, select Rotate
37. Press Spacebar on your keyboard to change the Center of rotation
38. Type SC (Show Center) and click on the wall marked A
Now the centre of the arc is set we can now position the stair correctly.
39. Select stair at the point marked A
RST2018-13 – Page 6
40. Click the floor marked B on the image to confirm the rotation
41. Open the 3D Views: Main Stair to see the final

result
Fire Escape Stair

42. From the Project browser
open the Floor Plans: Stair
Layout Plan
43. From the Architecture tab, Circulation panel, select Stair
44. Select Precast Stair
45. From the Components panel

check that Run is selected and
pick the Straight component
tool
46. Check the following settings in the Options bar
RST2018-13 – Page 7
47. Pick points A to B and then points C to D
48. The stair should be placed in

Plan as shown
49. From the Project browser,

open 3D Views: Fire Escape
Note: Whereas in the Sketch mode the stair would be indicated in plan and only visible in 3D once "Finished", in Component
mode the stair is represented in 3D indicating actual components, making it easier to identify potential problems.
50. Click the Green tick to Finish the

component stair
51. To modify the handrails to suit the landing type, select both new handrails
52. In the Type selector change the type to

RailAndBall-Stairs
53. Ignore the Warning that the rail is non-

continuous
RST2018-13 – Page 8
54. Zoom into the base of one of the handrail

balusters and note the incorrect placement
55. To correct this, select handrail HRA and HRB, in

the Type selector change the Offset from Path
to 0
56. Open the Stair Layout Plan to confirm the location of both handrails -
now on the outside face of the stringers
57. Open the Fire Escape view to finish the exercise
Ramps
In this final part of the exercise we will add a ramp from the Lower carpark up to the external door and slab.
58. From the Project browser open the

Low Carpark view
59. Zoom into the Carpark area
60. Draw a Reference plane 750mm from the right edge of the slab
We can place a Ramp into the Low Carpark area using the reference plane.
RST2018-13 – Page 9
61. From the Architecture tab, Circulation panel, select

Ramp
62. In the Properties palette set the following

• Base Level : Low Car Park
• Top Level : Ground Floor
• Width : 1500mm
63. Select the Intersection

marked 1 for the start of
the ramp
64. Place a ramp 9000mm
65. Move the cursor the right and click near the 3
marker to place the second section of the ramp
66. Finish the ramp placement by selecting mark 4
67. Finish to create the ramp
68. Open the 3D Views: Camera – Ramp to see the

ramp
RST2018-13 – Page 10
The ramp is the wrong way round, to correct this follow the steps below.
69. Open Floor plan: Low Carpark
70. Select the Ramp and pick the

Flip Stairs Up Direction marker
to change the ramp direction
71. Open 3D Views: Camera -

Ramp to confirm the ramp
orientation is now correct
The final step is to change the ramp to a ‘Solid’.
72. Select the ramp, Edit type from the properties palette
73. Change the Shape to Solid
74. Check 3D Views: Camera – Ramp to see the final result
RST2018-13 – Page 11
RST2018-13 – Page 12
Autodesk Revit
Modular Training
Module 14
Beam and Truss

Systems
Beam and Truss Systems
Exercise
This exercise is broken into two sections and provides a practical application of a beam and a truss system. It begins with
the starter file WFP-RST-14-BeamTrussSystemsA.rvt
Objectives - The important learning objectives of the exercise are to understand the creation and placement tools for both
beam and truss systems. We'll create, place and modify a simple beam system before looking at the truss tools and its
connectivity details with the rafters, by way of example.
Beam System
First, we'll place a beam system using the one-click automatic beam system.
1. Navigate to and open Structural Plans: First Floor
2. From the Structure tab choose the Beam System tool
3. To place a beam system using the one-click method make sure the Automatic Beam
System option is highlighted
4. Ensure the Type selector has the Structural Beam System Structural
Framing System selected
5. In the Options Bar - select:
• Beam Type: 254x102x28UB from the drop-down menu

• Layout Rule: to Maximum Spacing and 2000mm
6. Hover over the primary beams at grids E1-F1

and F1-F2 to view how the orientation of the
beam system aligns itself parallel to the primary
beam being considered
7. Place beam systems between Grids F1 to B7
RST2018-14 – Page 2
Note: Tags will be placed automatically if Tag on Placement is highlighted in the Tag Panel
Next place a beam system using the Draw tools to sketch and define the perimeter for the beam
system.
8. With the Structural Plans: First Floor open and the view still active
9. From the Structure tab choose the Beam System tool
10. To place a beam system using the Draw tools make sure the Sketch Beam
System option is highlighted
11. Ensure the Type selector has the desired Structural Beam System
Structural Framing System selected
12. Boundary Line is highlighted in the Draw panel, select a draw

tool, and sketch the boundary outline to include Grids A6 to
B7
Note: The Rectangle tool allows this as one action, if you use the Pick Supports or Pick Lines tool it may be necessary to
trim/extend the lines in order to create a closed loop. The first boundary line drawn determines the direction of the
secondary beams within the system.
13. The direction of the beam system is shown

as two parallel lines
14. Modify the direction of beam span by selecting the Beam

Direction / Pick Support option
15. Pick a primary beam adjacent to Grid 6 - to view how to change the Beam Direction to vertical
16. Change the Beam Direction back to the

original horizontal position
17. Finish edit mode to complete
RST2018-14 – Page 3
Truss System
Now create a parametric Truss and place this in the model. Remember to Set Framing Type in the Edit Type properties
otherwise Revit will use the current default settings for the framing member profiles. Top and Bottom Chords to
HSS8X8X.500 and Vertical and Diagonals to HSS6X6X.375.
18. Open Structural Plans: Roof 2
19. From the Structure tab, select Truss
20. Ensure the Type selector has the correct Truss - M_Howe Flat
Truss WFL Standard selected and in the Options Bar - Placement
Plane : Level Roof 2
21. Place the truss between Grids D1 to D5 - Tip: After placing the truss ensure the Constraints in the properties
dialogue Start and End Level Offsets are both set to 0.0
RST2018-14 – Page 4
22. In the Project browser, open Sections: Section Grid D
If visible, and in order to improve the clarity of this view, the roof
purlins (the sheeting rails) should be temporarily hidden.
The truss was placed with the bottom chord aligned to the Roof 2
level and it now requires dropping by 800mm and the Truss Height
requires changing from 2500 to 2000mm.
23. In the Properties palette - modify:
• Start Level Offset to : -800.00

• End Level Offset to : -800.00
• Truss Height to : 2000.00
24. The truss is now the correct depth (2000mm) and is

located at the required elevation
Open Sections: Section Grid

2 and check the location of
the Top Chord
Now we can modify the Top and Bottom Chords of the Truss using the Edit Type
Properties dialogue box. Change the chords from the current box section to
203x203x46UC section.
RST2018-14 – Page 5
25. Pick the centreline of the Truss in the current view
26. Select Edit Type on the Properties palette
27. From the Type Properties dialogue box
28. Modify the Top and Bottom Chords to:
• UC203x203x46
• Angle to 90.000°
29. OK to exit and Save the Type
30. Zoom to confirm the change to the Structural Framing Type and
the member rotation - web horizontal
Note: Changes made using the Edit Type properties affect all types of that truss whereas
changes made to the instance properties affect only that instance of that truss.
To complete the presentation, we will modify the Rafters at Grids 2 and 3, and cut them
back to the Reference planes located 125mm either side of the Top Chord of the Truss.
31. With Section Grid 2 view active
32. Navigate and zoom to the intersection of the top chord and the rafters
33. From the Modify tab, Modify panel select the

Split tool
34. Split the rafter at the intersection as shown
RST2018-14 – Page 6
35. From the Modify tab, Geometry panel, Cut tool drop down
36. Select Cut Geometry
37. First pick the left-hand rafter and then pick the left-hand
reference plane
38. Now pick the right-hand rafter and then pick the right-hand
reference plane and Modify to close
39. This completes the required rafter cutback on Grid 2
40. From the Project browser, open Sections: Section Grid 3
41. Select the Cut Geometry option and repeat the above steps to cut
back the rafters on Grid 3
42. Modify to close
43. In order to clean up the view - open the view

Visibility graphics (VV)
44. From the Annotation Categories tab
45. Un-tick Reference Planes
46. OK to close
47. Open the 3D view to check
For clarity the sheeting rails are

hidden in the above view.
RST2018-14 – Page 7
RST2018-14 – Page 8
Autodesk Revit
Modular Training
Module 15
Construction Sequencing
(Phasing)
Construction Sequencing (Phasing)
Exercise
A small building is used to demonstrate the application and practical use of phasing. Firstly the entire model will be
designated as Existing, then Temporary works are added to shield the building occupants during the construction process.
Items to be demolished will be identified and finally any new work is added as required. The logistical intent will be
communicated using a series of 3D Views which will be created to display the various stages of Existing, Temporary,
Demolition and New.
Objectives - Designate the creation and demolition phase of elements to identify existing, new, temporary objects;
generate views with the appropriate settings for View Phase and Phase Filters.
This exercise starts from the Revit model WFP-RST-15-PhasingA.rvt.
In this exercise we work within the two default phases, with New Construction covering all work undertaken to the existing
structure including any temporary works, any demolished elements or any new items added. These do not constitute
separate phases of the work. In order to remove any confusion over the above statement, we will rename the phase New
Construction to be Proposed Works for this exercise. New users often find this to be easier to understand.
Phasing
1. From Manage tab, Phasing panel,
select Phases
2. Click in the Name column and

rename New Construction to
Proposed Works
3. OK to close
Note: The Description is optional but may help new and occasional project team members to understand the model
Having satisfactorily defined the phases of the work and prior to

commencing any new work or alterations, we modify the phase
properties of the entire building model to designate the elements as
Existing. Most of this has been done for you but a few elements remain.
4. Open 3D Views: {3D}
You will notice that the majority of the model is half-toned and appears
faded, with the exception of the structural floor slabs throughout the
building and the structural flat truss under the curved roof.
RST2018-15 – Page 2
5. Select the three floor slabs in the model (using the Ctrl key to select multiple objects)
6. From the Phase Created drop down change this elements phase from
Proposed Works to Existing
7. Click Apply or move the cursor into the active view area to complete the
action
This will make the floor slabs half-toned to match the rest of the model.
Note: It is possible to change the Phase properties of multiple elements

together, but only if they belong to the same category and hence you cannot
select an entire model or part of a model in order to move the whole thing
across to another phase en-masse, but have to select elements of each category
as we have done in the above steps.
Some elements such as trusses and beam systems require slightly more careful handling when changing the Phase Created
because they are composed of individual members but act as one entity in some circumstances including this one. It is
essential in these cases that the correct element is chosen.
8. In the 3D view zoom in and select the Structural Truss - M_Howe Flat Truss - WFL Standard, ensuring that you
select the whole truss and not an individual member of the truss
Note: If you are struggling to select the whole

truss, use the TAB key repeatedly until the truss
flashes as shown here, and then pick to select it.
9. From the Phase Created drop-down change

the phase from Proposed Works to Existing
as we did with the floor slabs
10. Apply to modify the Truss
RST2018-15 – Page 3
We have now established the correct creation phase for each of the
elements and can use this to move forward in the process and control
the appearance of the elements. It is worth checking before we go on
that all the elements are correctly assigned to the phase and we can do
this using Phase Filters.
11. In the Properties palette for the 3D View, Phase Filter to Show
Demo + New and set the Phase to Proposed Works
The entire model should disappear at this point as the filter is looking
to show only that which is created in the Proposed Works phase. If
anything is visible at this stage we should alter its properties to match
the rest. This confirms certain information and we can then change the
settings to check that the elements are not demolished incorrectly
before we get to the Proposed Works.
12. Set the Phase Filter to Show Demo + Temp and the Phase to Existing
Once again, the view should be empty so if you see anything,

change the properties. Then let's set those view settings
correctly and move on.
13. Set the Phase Filter to Show All and the Phase
to Proposed Works
So we have an existing record of the building as it now stands. Best

practice protocols recommend that a copy of the model be archived at this
point, not least in case elements are inadvertently deleted and have to be reinstated.
We will now insert a temporary wall between columns C1 and C2, rising from the ground floor
slab to the underside of the first floor beam prior to demolishing the small concrete structure
in the foreground.
Note: Remember that a temporary element is simply one that is both created and demolished
in the same phase.
14. Open Structural Plans: Ground Floor
15. From the Structure tab expand the Wall button to choose the Wall: Structural tool
16. In the Type Selector - select Basic Wall Concept - Ext 200mm
17. In the Properties palette change the Base Offset to 0.00
RST2018-15 – Page 4
18. From the Options bar set the fields Height, First Floor and Location Line: Wall Centerline
Note: changing the Direction from Depth to Height will instigate a warning which can be ignored
19. Place a wall between the columns at grid intersections C1 and C2
The wall currently rises up to the First Floor level which does not account for
the 305x165x40UB which drops down from the same level. We need to
reduce the height to the underside of the beam but without losing the
association with the level. We can do this by adding a negative offset to the
top constraint.
20. Select the wall and from the Properties palette set the Top Offset to -
305
The View Settings for the Ground

Floor plan define the Phase as
Proposed Works and as such the
newly created wall will show this as
the creation phase.
We want to set the Phase Demolished to show the same and hence assign a
temporary status to this wall.
21. In the active view select the wall if it is not still selected
From the Properties palette ensure that both the Phase Created and the Phase Demolished parameters as set to Proposed
Works
RST2018-15 – Page 5
Having erected a temporary wall to protect the rest of the building and its occupants, we can now show the demolition
work to remove the existing concrete framed extension to the building.
22. Navigate to the 3D Views: {3D}
23. Check that the Phasing Properties of the view are set to Show All
and Proposed Works
24. From Modify tab, Geometry panel, select Demolish
25. Using the Hammer tool, select each of the elements to be demolished
26. <Esc><Esc> to finish
We will reuse some of the existing

pads and leave the others in situ
beneath the new structure as a
floor screed will hide them anyway.
Note: It is not necessary to use the Control key to

select multiple elements as the tool takes
immediate effect. As the members are
selected their appearance changes in
accordance with the Graphic Override
for a demolished element. It is not
possible to select the same element
more than once using this option.
27. Select one of the demolished elements and confirm that the Phasing
properties are now correctly assigned
To complete this scenario we will now construct a replacement extension for the
building in the form of a simple steel frame. Certain of the existing pad
foundations will be reused, others will be ignored and several new pads will be
added to square up and enlarge the extension. These elements will be created in
the Proposed Works phase with no demolition phase identified.
RST2018-15 – Page 6
28. Open Structural Plans: Foundation
29. Check that the Phasing properties for the view are set to Show
All and Proposed Works
30. From the Structure tab,

Foundation panel, use
the Isolated pad tool to
place five new footings
as shown
On these new footings and

the re-used pads at 2A and
2B, we will then position the
seven new columns as
shown with beams at the
first floor to connect them
together and tie them into
the existing structure.
31. From the Structure tab, Structure panel, select Column
32. In the Type Selector, choose the 305x305x97UC and on the options bar set the Height to First Floor
33. Place columns on the grid intersections A103, B103, C103, A1, B1, A2 and B2
35. Check that the Phasing properties for the view are set to Show
Complete and Proposed Works
RST2018-15 – Page 7
36. From the Structure tab, Structure panel, select Beam
37. From the Type Selector choose the 305x165x40UB and on the options bar set the Placement Plane to Level: First
Floor
38. Place the eleven new primary

beams at the column/grid
intersections
39. From the Structure tab, Structure panel, select Beam System
Automatic Beam System should be the default setting, assuming you

are in the correct view.
40. From the Type selector choose Structural Beam System Structural Framing System and check that the Options bar
settings are as below
RST2018-15 – Page 8
41. Place the four new beam systems
This completes the simple frame.
The next step is to take a look at the results in a view which

is set to highlight the various 4D aspects of the elements. We
can do this in the standard 3D view using the default phase filter of
Show All.
42. Open the 3D Views: {3D}
43. Check the View Properties / Phasing are set to Show

All in the Proposed Works phase
The Existing building is greyed out, the Temporary

wall is blue, the Demolished is red and the new
steelwork and new pad footings are clearly defined with
black lines around the edges.
Finally we take a look at how we can very easily show a

clear construction sequence, simply by showing the
same scene multiple times, with different Phase
Filters controlling what is seen in each variant.
In this example four copies of the 3D view will be created and in

each one, the Phase and Phase Filter will be defined in the view settings to show a
different construction task. The views will be named accordingly and these could then
be published in preparation for discussion. This is a powerful way to convey the sequence to the construction team.
44. From the Project browser
45. Highlight 3D Views: {3D}
46. Right click and select Duplicate

View, Duplicate with Detailing
This will create a view called Copy of {3D} which we will rename.
RST2018-15 – Page 9
47. Right click on the Copy of {3D} and select Rename
48. Change the name to New and OK
49. Check the View Properties / Phasing are set to
This view is now ready to be placed onto a

drawing sheet to clearly illustrate the scope
of the new structural members for the
project
Repeat the above steps and create 3D views for Temporary, Demolish and Existing. Remember to choose the correct
Phase Filter for each view as shown below in order to best represent the work.
Experiment with the 3D views created and with various Phasing settings and discover the power of Phase Options and their
ability to produce documentation aligned to construction sequences.
RST2018-15 – Page 10
RST2018-15 – Page 11
RST2018-15 – Page 12
Autodesk Revit
Modular Training
Module 16
2D Draughting and
Annotation
2D Draughting and Annotation
Exercise
This exercise provides a number of practical examples on the usage of a large number of the annotation tools. It begins
with the starter file WFP-RST-16-DraughtingA.rvt.
Objectives - Create a callout of the column area; add a repeating detail; work with detailing components; use the cut
profile tool; draw and modify detail lines and then use a number of the annotation and detailing tools such as, regions,
dimensions, text and leader lines, tags and keynotes to fully detail the callout.
Creating the Callout
1. From the Project browser open Sections (Building Section): Section 1
2. From the View tab, Create panel, select Callout
3. Define a Callout around the column adjacent to Gridline F
4. Rename the Callout as Structural

Detail and OK
5. Open the callout view - Structural Detail
6. On the View Control Bar at the bottom of

the drawing area, select the following
settings:
• View scale to 1:10
• Level of detail to Fine
• Model Graphics Style to Hidden
Line
RST2018-16 – Page 2
7. Select the crop boundary and the blue control tabs

appear on two rectangles surrounding the view
Note: The blue inner box is the Model Crop region, effectively the
visible area of the view and the dashed blue outer box is the
Annotation Crop region effectively any annotation touching this
box will not be visible in the view.
During the exercise it will be necessary to drag the tabs of the

Model and Annotation Crop boundaries to ensure that any
dimensions, tags or text will be correctly encompassed.
8. Pick the Horizontal view break to create two parts

to the callout and adjust the two views accordingly
Repeating Detail
9. Zoom in to the foundation area and drag the top of the
region boundary upwards
10. From the Annotate tab, Detail panel, Component drop

down, select Repeating Detail Component
11. Ensure the type as Mortar Joint-Brick Section, which is set to

place a mortar joint detail of the appropriate brick width at
75mm centres along a straight path
Note: The properties palette may not contain ALL the Repeating Details shown in the adjacent screen.
RST2018-16 – Page 3
12. Draw a path up the outside leaf of the wall, from the top of the
foundation to the top of the view
13. Change the type to Mortar Joint – Block Section and

add coursing to the blockwork
Detail Components
14. Select Detail Component, the Annotate tab, Detail panel, Component
drop-down
15. Select the Element Type to Base

Plate with HD Grout Pockets -
Section
16. Place the detail at the base of the column
17. Change the Element Type to

Angle connection with bolts CA 6
bolt
RST2018-16 – Page 4
18. Zoom in to the upper view
19. Place the clip angles using the rotate/spacebar/copy mirror tools
where necessary
Note: Detail Components may be parametric and in the case of the Base Plate with HD Grout Pockets, several fields are
parametric and can be adjusted using the element properties. Change a few parameters to see the effects this has.
Cut Profile Tool

Whereas the detail components and repeating details provide additional information to supplement the 3D geometry, the
Cut Profile tool looks to directly manipulate the 3D element, albeit in a view-specific way. In this example, we will form a
slab thickening to the top of the foundation.
20. Zoom in to the lower view
21. From the View tab, Graphics panel, select Cut Profile
22. Pick the lower layer of the floor slab, this will then open the sketch
environment
23. Use the Draw Line tool to Draw the slab thickening as
shown here, from 1 to 4, ensuring that the sketch lines
start and end on the orange boundary of the layer, and
change the blue arrow direction making sure it points into
the shape and not outward as shown - click on it to Flip
24. Click to Finish Edit Mode
RST2018-16 – Page 5
Detail Lines
We can now draw in the Damp Proof Course (DPC) using an existing line style and then create a new line style.
25. From the Annotate tab, Detail panel, select Detail Line
26. Select the line style AEC_10_Solid
27. Draw the DPC to the underside of the wall, as indicated
Next, define a new Line Style and use this line style to draw the 75 Dia hole in the wall.
28. Manage tab, Settings panel, Additional Settings drop down menu select Line Styles to
open the Line Styles dialogue box
29. Create a new Subcategory and rename it New_4_Dash-3mm
30. Set the following values for the line style:

• Line weight – 4
• Colour – Black
• Line Pattern – AEC_Dash 3mm
31. Apply and OK to close the dialogue box
32. Using the new line style draw in two lines, 75mm apart through the brick
course, above the flashing as shown
RST2018-16 – Page 6
Insulation Batt Lines
33. From Annotate tab, Detail panel, select the Insulation
34. On the Options Bar, set the width to be

60mm and the placement to near side
35. Trace a line up the outside face of the blockwork leaf to place
Note: The crop box can now be adjusted if required to include all the items added so
far.
Region
These are used to fill or mask areas or regions and in this example the diagonal
lines in the 75 Dia opening in the brickwork will be hidden using the masking
region tool. Masking regions should be used rather than filled regions with a
solid white colour as this has implications when exporting to other CAD
formats.
36. From the Annotate tab, Detail panel, select

Masking Region from the Region split button
37. Use the Draw tools to draw a shape that sits over the unwanted area
38. Select the outline of the shape and change the line style - element type to <Invisible
Lines>
39. Finish Edit Mode
Note: The draw order means that the masking region is potentially hiding other detail items which have been placed. 3D
modelled data will always sit behind this.
RST2018-16 – Page 7
In order to hide all the lines in the masked region.
40. Select the Region and pick Bring to Front this ensures that everything is hidden behind the
region
Annotation
When it comes to labelling and annotating the detail, text is used as a last resort, with various types
of tag available for extracting information from the models, before we resort to dumb text with a
leader line, which is ideally only used where a physical object does not exist to point at, or the object
is represented in the most basic terms of lines.
Dimensions
We can now add dimensions to the callout.
41. From the Annotate tab, Dimension panel,

select Aligned
42. Set the dimension style to 7mm
43. Place a couple of the dimensions
Keynote Labelling
Using Material Keynote, add tags to the brick and block wall and the screed layer of the floor
slab as shown.
44. From the Annotate tab, Tag panel, Keynote dropdown, select Material Keynote
45. Select the brick and block wall and place the keynote as shown
46. Repeat for the floor slab screed
Note: If prompted with the Keynotes Dialogue box, select the appropriate
material Keynote Text.
RST2018-16 – Page 8
Material Tags
Used to place tags on selected elements using the specified description of their material.
47. From the Annotate tab, Tag panel, select Material

Tag
48. Select the external course of the brick wall and place its tag
Multi-Category Tags
Use these tags to place tags on selected elements using the specified description of their material.
49. From the Annotate tab, Tag panel, select Multi-Category Tag
50. Select the floor slabs and place their tags
Tag by Category
To place tags on selected elements using the specified description of their type.
51. From the Annotate tab, Tag panel, select Tag by Category
52. Select the column and floor beams and place their tags
(Tip: You may need to zoom out and adjust the Annotation Crop to pick up the beam tag)
Text and Leader Lines

To manually add and place text annotations and leader lines to the current view.
Ensure the text size is selected to 7mm.
53. From the Annotate tab, Text panel, select Text
54. Select Two Segments
55. Place and enter the text 100x100x10L's
56. Repeat the above steps and add text for the 75 Dia cut-out and bolt notes
57. From the View Control Bar, Select – Hide Crop

Region to conclude the exercise
RST2018-16 – Page 9
RST2018-16 – Page 10
Autodesk Revit
Modular Training
Module 18
Basic Subdivision and

Collaboration
Basic Subdivision and Collaboration
Exercise
The following exercise is a practical example of using Worksets in a worksharing environment, and as an exercise on team-
work. The exercise comprises of three parts and to fully complete will require access to a “central” server, with read / write
permissions.
Part One: This part on initialising worksets can be performed locally by individuals.
Parts Two and Three: These parts require users to have access to a server, as each person is assigned an individual task to
perform at their own workstations, and then synchronise “local” changes back to the “central” model.
Objectives – In this very simple exercise a single-user file is workset enabled and saved as a central model. Local copies
are created by each user and the process of synchronising is explored before tasks are allocated to modify the model in
line with marked-up drawings. The exercise concludes with a discussion on correct task allocation and workflow to avoid
user overlap and clash.
The starter file WFP-RST-18-CollaborationA.rvt has been provided as a basis for the exercise and the second part of the
exercise is to be read in conjunction with drawings numbered RST-18-01 to 06 which can be found in the datasets folder.
Each user receives a single drawing, and each drawing indicates a range of different changes to be made to the model.
Part 1 - Initialising Worksets

Begin this exercise at the screen of one of the users, the following steps are followed:
1. Open the dataset WFP-RST-18-CollaborationA.rvt
2. Open the Ground Floor plan from the Project browser
3. From Collaborate tab, Manage Collaboration panel,

select Collaborate to launch the Collaborate dialogue box
4. Select Collaborate within your network
5. OK to close the dialogue
6. Now that Collaborate has been activated select Worksets from

the Manage Collaboration panel
RST2018-18 – Page 2
Note: The owner of both worksets, shows
a name taken from the windows log-in
user ID or Autodesk User Account. As
other users start to borrow or take
ownership of elements at a later date
their windows ID will appear in this box.
7. As part of the initialisation of the

Worksharing, additional
parameters have been added to
each element within the model,
and all now show the name of the
workset to which they are
allocated, and where applicable
the name of the person who has
permission to edit them
8. The information that is being shown in this dialogue box at the moment is only the user created worksets, and as
you can see in the Show: section at the bottom of the dialogue box User-Created is the only check box currently
ticked
9. Tick the other three check boxes:

o Project Standards
o Families
o Views
Notice that if all the boxes are ticked, a

workset exists for every family that is
loaded into the project as well as every
view, including sheets, and all the project
settings and permission must be sought
in order to change the associated
parameters or settings. As an example,
several members of the team may be
working on a ground floor plan, placing
doors without needing to take ownership
of either the plan or the door family
worksets, but permission is required in
order to change the scale of the view,
visibility of doors within the view, or to
change the height of the door type. The
permissions are controlled by the central
file via this dialogue, in order to avoid
more than one person editing these
properties at the same time.
RST2018-18 – Page 3
10. Now that we have looked at all the possible
worksets available un-tick Project Standards,
Families, and Views again to leave only the
user-created worksets visible. These are the
worksets that you are mainly going to be
dealing with
11. Click OK to close the Worksets dialogue box
Note: Now that worksets have been initiated, the file must be saved as a central file
and closed down. It is imperative that no work is carried out within the central file,
but all subsequent activity takes place in a local copy.
12. Select the File tab/Save As/Project and

enter the name for your project suffixed by
– CENTRAL in accordance with the standard
and Save
o If you are working on a networked
machine agree on a suitable place to
store this model, somewhere you all
have access to
o If your machine is not part of a
network then save the model locally on
your Desktop
13. After saving you will notice the normal Save icon on the
Quick Access Toolbar is now greyed out because that
button refers to saving the file locally – regardless of the
destination – but as this is now a central file, only the
Central save button otherwise known as the Synchronise
with Central can save
14. Close the file
Note: From here onwards, Part Two and Three require that you are connected to a
server. The following information is provided for your information.
RST2018-18 – Page 4
Part 2 - Creating Local Files and Synchronising with Central
All delegates can now return to their own machines and create a new local copy of the project using one of the following
methods:
• Open a session of Windows Explorer and copy and paste the central file into a folder on the local hard drive.
Rename the copied version to replace –Central with –Local or the user initials
• Use the Open tool in Revit and select the central file. Note in the top toolbar that the Revit file name now indicates
that the central file will not be opened but a local copy will be automatically created and stored in the default
location defined in the Revit settings, suffixed with the Windows user log-in
Note: The first option here is preferred as this gives the user the chance to define the specific folder for this project and also
to remove the word CENTRAL from the file name.
Note: It is recommended to create a new local file every day or at the most every other day to avoid problems arising. The
central and local files are connected by many thousands of data strands in the database. During normal working practice,
some of these strands may be broken without it critically affecting the integrity of the model, but over time, as more of
these strands are damaged, it can start to have an impact. By replacing the link each day, the strands are refreshed.
15. Open the Local file and a dialogue opens to confirm the status,
close the dialogue and select one of the walls from a Floor Plan
view
16. From the Properties palette, scroll down to Identity Data and
notice that this wall belongs to Workset 1 and the owner of
that workset relates to the windows login of your computer. If
you wanted to assign that wall to a particular workset you can
select the workset name and pick another workset from the
drop-down list
Note: As more worksets are created, this drop-down list will be

populated with more choices.
17. From the Collaborate tab expand the Synchronize With Central
split button and select Synchronize and Modify Settings
18. Ensure that all the relinquish options that are available are ticked,
which in this case will be only the user-created worksets which are
relevant and active at the moment
Note: It is suggested that you synchronize with the central file every hour.
RST2018-18 – Page 5
Part 3 - Using Worksets
Assuming that this exercise is being undertaken in an environment with a working network, the final part of the exercise
can be performed. A set of marked-up drawings are provided, 01 to 06, and each user will be allocated a drawing and
perform the modifications as noted in a process intended to simulate a normal working environment.
As soon as everyone has created and opened a local copy of the central model, the team can begin working.
Use only the drawing allocated to you and use the Borrowing technique rather than taking ownership of any worksets. The
required changes are marked in red and although the exact size and locations of the items is not critical, try to follow the
drawing.
User 1 First Floor

User 2 First Floor
User 3 Third Floor
User 4 Ground Floor
User 5 Ground Floor
User 6 Third Floor
If a warning box appears then read it carefully and make everyone aware so that the problem can be discussed with the
other participants and suitable solutions suggested.
Note: When permission clashes occur between team members, then the person who has taken ownership of the element in
question must synchronise with the Central file in order to relinquish this control and allow access to other users. The person
wishing to perform a new task on the same element must then either synchronise or Reload Latest Changes in order to
ensure that their local model file contains the most up-to-date information.
RST2018-18 – Page 6
Autodesk Revit
Modular Training
Module 19
Introduction to the
Principles of Family Editing
Introduction to the Principles of Family Editing
Exercise
In the following exercise a series of numbered steps are followed in order to create a fully parametric pilecap, probably
your first family. Questions are encouraged during this exercise, and although all information required to complete the
exercise successfully is included herein, it is important for delegates to understand the stages and the reason behind them,
making use of the trainer to do so. The same principles for family creation apply whether you are working on a unique, in-
place family or a standard family to be stored in a library and used again in the future.
Objectives – Here we will use the Reference Plane tool, then apply Dimensions which will be Locked, Equalised or Labelled
before attaching 2D Linework plus 3D Lines and Geometry to the planes. Finally, we look at collating and managing
Associated Data, all in line with the ten stages described above.
In this example we are creating a new library item or Standard Family, which can be used again and again. The exercise is
self-contained and starts from a default template in Revit.
1. With Revit open, select New > Family from

the File tab, or from the Families section of
the Recent Files Start-up Page click New
Step 1 - Categorise
2. Select the Metric Structural Foundation.rft
file as the template for the Pilecap and Open
Selecting the correct category for a

component is important for a number
of reasons.
Firstly, we need to ensure that the

object will be listed in the correct
schedules for our project, and
secondly, the category allows accurate
control of the visibility of the object or
even its component parts.
In the case of a standard family, the

category is classified simply by
selecting the correct template, which
will define the category into which our
object will fit.
RST2018-19 – Page 2
Step 2 – Layout
3. Once the above template is selected, the view opens in Floor Plans: Ref. Level
4. Zoom Extents (ZE) to maximise the view of the cross-hairs
5. From the Datum panel on the Create tab select Ref Planes in order to create two
squares centred about the insertion point cross-hairs, to describe the Pilecap and the
centre of the piles
6. Draw a pair of lines horizontally and vertically, 1000mm and 1250mm away from the centre of the cross-hairs
7. Select the Ref Planes and Mirror both pairs about the origin
Note: It is important to use Ref Planes at this stage and not Reference
Lines. Reference Lines are used to control the rotation angle of elements,
and hence act in a different way.
The template contains a number of default views. We will use the

minimum number of views possible, in order to avoid inadvertently
over-constraining the object. In this case only the plan view and left
elevation will be used to layout and constrain the component.
The main principle behind the order of the ten steps is to get the main
skeleton of the component defined in reference planes, apply muscles in
the form of the rules and then we drape the 2D or 3D flesh over the
framework to create the object.
The use of reference planes in this way, rather than simply starting with 3D geometry, is not so important in such a simple
example, but as the complexity of the component increases, however, the way in which an object reacts to movement is
dependent on the method of creation, which can lead to unexpected results. If we get the rules working correctly on
reference planes, then we can lock the geometry to them, safe in the knowledge that it will perform correctly.
Step 3 – Apply Rules

8. From the Annotate tab, Dimension panel,
select Aligned
9. Place the dimensions as shown, both

horizontally and vertically
The outer-most dimension controls the overall size of the pilecap. The string below it should be EQ-toggled to equalise the
centre cross hairs, thereby keeping the origin or insertion point of the foundation in the centre.
The inner dimensions control the spacing of the piles, again centred about the insertion point. Once the reference planes
are set-out, rules can be applied to them. Rules are simply defined by dimensions, and we can lock, equalise or
parameterise the dimensions to control the object.
RST2018-19 – Page 3
The values do not matter but ensure that the horizontal and vertical dimensions match.
Note: The values of the dimensions do not matter but

where the intention is to have more than one dimension
controlled by the same parameter, they should read the
same before the application of the parameter, so in this
case, ensure that the horizontal and vertical dimensions
match.
10. Select one of the overall dimensions then from the Label
Dimension panel, select Create Parameter
11. From the Parameter Properties dialogue box
12. Type Pilecap_Width for the name of the parameter in the

dialogue box
13. Group the parameter under Dimensions
14. OK
Note: A parameter is no more complex than a dimension with a

label. By selecting any of the dimensions and giving them a name,
we can control that dimension at a later stage.
RST2018-19 – Page 4
15. Repeat the above steps to create a label for the

Pile_Spacing dimension
If a component is only available in one size, then it is not

necessary to apply any parameters at all. If however, you wish
to give the size in a schedule, then a parameter can still be
applied, but locked if needed.
16. Select the overall dimensions in the other direction and

label them by selecting Pilecap_Width from the pull-
down label list from the Label Dimension panel
17. Repeat this for the Pile_Spacing such that the dimension
layout is repeated horizontally and vertically
We can now have several dimensions with the same label, as long as
equal values are required.
18. Open Elevations: Left and position Reference

Planes defining the underside of the pilecap
and the lower extremity of the piles
19. Apply a Dimension between the Ref Level and the next lower
plane and label it Pilecap_Depth
20. Dimension from the Ref Level to the lowest plane and label
as Pile_Depth
Through these two views we have effective control over the geometric form of the whole component.
RST2018-19 – Page 5
Step 4 – Test
21. From the Create tab, Properties panel, open

Family Types
22. Enter alternate values for the Pilecap_Depth

and Pile_Depth parameter and Apply
23. Check carefully to ensure that the reference planes moved as

expected and maintained the correct relationships to one
another
24. OK to close
25. Open Floor Plans: Ref. Level then check the other parameters by entering alternate values and applying the change
It is vital to check all of them.
At all stages from now, we test everything.
You cannot test too much!
Note: By test, we mean to simply alter the values given for the labelled dimensions and ensure that the reference planes all
behave correctly, relative to each other and to the insertion point. If the reference planes behave correctly (flex), then the
2D lines and 3D solids will follow suit.
Step 5 – Line Work

26. From the Annotate tab, Detail panel, select Symbolic Line
27. Trace a rectangle over the reference planes which form the
extremities of the Pilecap
28. Lock all of the padlocks that appear, to form a relationship with
the reference planes
It is possible to present the component differently in a 2D view, to that of

a 3D view of the geometry. A good example of this is an electrical
component such as a light switch. The 2D representation is a symbol,
conforming to standards, and bears no resemblance to the actual physical
appearance of the object. When creating such items in Revit, we can
control how we view the component from various angles as well as levels
of detail.
RST2018-19 – Page 6
29. Again select Symbolic Line from the

Detail panel
30. Set the line type to Hidden Lines

[projection]
Even 2D linework can be sub-categorised. This not only allows control over the visibility of
components but also the appearance as well.
31. From the Draw panel change the draw tool to Circle
32. Set the Radius at 150mm
The process of placing several circles of similar size can be speeded up by setting the
radius beforehand. This does not fix the radius permanently.
33. Position a circle at each of the four intersections of the internal reference planes
The relevant planes should highlight as you place the circle, indicating that you have
locked them into position.
Although a padlock does not appear, the circles will move with the associated reference planes.
34. Press <Esc><Esc> to return or select Modify
35. Select one of the symbolic lines or circles – to do this you may need to use the Tab key to pre-select
the Symbolic Line rather than the Reference Plane
36. Once the line is highlighted in red, select the Visibility Settings button
In this instance we don’t need to change any of the default settings, but familiarise yourself with the principles described.
37. Click OK
If we look at the visibility of one of these lines, we can see an

explanation of the difference between Symbolic and Model lines.
In short, Symbolic lines are used to show 2D information, and
Model lines can be seen in 3D views and used to minimise 3D
modelling.
RST2018-19 – Page 7
Step 6 – Test
38. Once again call up the Family Types from the

Properties panel
39. Enter alternate values for the Pilecap Width and Pile
Spacing parameters and click on Apply
Check carefully to ensure that the Symbolic Lines move with the reference planes as expected and maintained the correct
relationships to one another.
There is no need to check the depth values as none of the symbolic linework is affected by them.
What we are checking here is that the 2D linework is moving with the reference planes as required. This becomes more
important as the shapes become more complex. As soon as we introduce curves and fillets into our designs, this testing will
identify problems before we get to the 3D work.
40. Whilst still in the Family Types dialogue box, click to create a
New parameter
41. Create a parameter named k, grouped under

Constraints with the Type set to Number
This last bit being the most important.
42. Click OK
Formulae are usually classed as being advanced Family

Editor Techniques, but as you will see, the principles are
simple.
RST2018-19 – Page 8
First we need to create some more parameters. Rather than creating a
dimension and then a parameter to go with it, we are creating a series of
parameters as abstract entities. Afterwards we can define the dimensions and
assign the parameters to them.
43. Repeat the above steps to create the Pile_Diameter parameter, with the
Type set to Length, grouped under Dimensions
44. …and also a Pile_Radius parameter, grouped under Constraints with the
Type set to Length
In order for the formulae to work, some of the values cannot be zero.
45. Enter a value for k of 3
46. Enter a value for Pile_Diameter of 300
Important Note: Revit requires that the

dialogue box be closed and re-opened at this
stage in order to acknowledge the creation
of the various parameters, before
proceeding to the next phase. If you create a
parameter and then use that parameter in a
formula within the same ‘dialogue-session’,
then Revit will not see it and return an error.
The error message gives no hint as to the
real issue or how to solve it, and can lead to
many hours of frustration – believe me!
47. Expand the Family Types give yourself more room in the
Formula column
48. Define formulae by typing in the box adjacent to the

relevant parameter as listed below
Pile_Radius = Pile_Diameter / 2
Pilecap_Width = (k+1) * Pile_Diameter + 300 mm
Pile_Spacing = k * Pile_Diameter
The formulae use a vocabulary of common mathematical terms.
49. Change the value for Pile_Diameter and check that it

updates the Pilecap_Width and Pile_Spacing values
50. Click OK
RST2018-19 – Page 9
Now we can see that a very few parameters are controlling most of
the geometry for the element.
Note: The formulae are case sensitive so repeat exactly what is given
in the Parameter names.
51. In the Ref. Level floor plan, select the dashed circles
indicating the piles
52. We need to add dimensions to these circles in order to apply

labels and have a couple of alternatives for doing so. When
using the Dimension tool, we have buttons on the Annotate
tab for the type of dimension required, and can select Radial
to place a dimension to a circle. This can then be selected
and the label applied
Tip: Alternatively - and faster - however is the method of

converting a temporary dimension into a permanent one this
is done in Modify mode simply by selecting the circle. A
temporary radial dimension will appear with a symbol below
and to the right. Selecting this turns it permanent.
What we now need to do is relate the Pile size parameters to the pile by dimensioning and labelling the Symbolic Lines.
This goes against the rules, as defined in the ten steps, but with circles, an exception is the best and easiest method.
53. Select each of the four radial dimensions by holding down the
Ctrl key as you pick them
The pull-down list of Labels will now include those we have just added
through the Family Types dialogue box.
54. Select Pile Radius from the list and thereby assign this
parameter to each of the radial dimensions
Several dimensions can be selected at once and assigned a parameter
RST2018-19 – Page 10
55. Recall the Family Types dialogue
56. Enter alternate values for the Pile Diameter parameter and
click on Apply. This should not only change the size of the
piles, but have knock-on effect on several other dimensions
Once again, flex the model and alter the parameter

values to ensure that the 2D line work adjusts as
expected.
Step 7 – 3D Geometry
57. From the Create tab, select Extrusion
Now we can move on to the fun stuff. We can create most shapes that we
need, using a combination of the four basic modelling tools, to define
either solids or voids that cut into the solids.
We are now defining the 3D geometry to match the 2D shape that we

described in Symbolic Lines, so again, sketch a rectangle, tracing over the
extremities of the pilecap. Lock the geometry, using the padlocks.
At this stage we are still in Sketch-mode and able to continue

drawing the extrusion.
Only when we click the Green tick to Finish Extrusion will we

create a solid object
We repeat the same shape we defined for the 2D linework, and

again, get into the habit of locking geometry to the reference
planes.
Wherever the reference planes go, the geometry will follow.
RST2018-19 – Page 11
An extrusion works like a pastry cutter. We define a shape and a height or thickness. In this instance, rather than assign a
numerical value to the thickness, we are going to lock it to the reference planes and therefore control it through
parameters.
58. In the Left elevation, highlight the newly

drawn object. Drag the bottom blue node
point down to align with the pilecap depth
reference plane. Lock in position
59. Repeat for the top of the object, locking it to

the Ref. Level line
60. Go back to the Ref. Level floor plan
Note: We are describing the four piles as one extrusion here, even though we want to control the location of each
independently. The reason this works OK is that we are locking the sketch of the extrusion into a controlled environment. If
we tried to apply rules like this to a solid object – i.e. after we have clicked Finish Sketch – then it would not behave as
expected.
We have created this extrusion, without attention to the depth of the shape. This is because we want to lock it to the
reference planes, which we can do from the side.
When we select a solid object, control nodes appear, which allow us to drag the shape into position. As they align with a
reference plane, a padlock appears which we lock to relate the two together.
61. Again, use the Extrusion tool from the Create tab
62. Select the Pick Lines option rather than redrawing the circle
63. Select the dashed circle for each pile
64. Remember to lock each sketched circle to the dashed line in

the background
Note: It is not a problem creating all four piles in one extrusion sketch.
They will still move with the Pile Spacing parameter.
RST2018-19 – Page 12
65. Alternatively, when selecting the Pick tool, toggle the Lock tick-box to automatically lock the
relationship
66. Click the Green tick to Finish Extrusion
Note: This negates the need to apply dimensions to the extrusion as well as the 2D lines already defined.
67. In the Left elevation, relate the bottom of the piles to the lowest reference plane and top of the piles to the
underside of the pilecap by dragging the nodes of the extrusion to meet the reference plane
Note: You will notice that the blue nodes appear in the centre of the extrusion shape. In this case the extrusion shape
contains all four piles so the blue node appears on the centre line.
68. Lock into position
Step 8 – Test
69. Open 3D View 1
70. Use <Z><A> to position the object in the centre of the screen and <S><D> to
shade the view. By holding down the shift key, use the centre wheel of the
mouse to spin the model around to a pleasing aspect
71. Select Family Types dialogue box from the Properties panel
72. Enter Values into the boxes to re-position the construction lines, and click on
Apply Values, watching to make sure that the 3D geometry moves correctly
Note: One possible problem that may occur by having all the piles defined in one
sketch is if the size of the piles and their spacing were set such that the circles in the
extrusion sketch overlapped then the shape would fail and Revit would return an error
message. In this case however, the formulae stop that from happening.
Still in the 3D view, drag a crossing selection box from

top-right to bottom-left, in order to select both the piles
and the pilecap
73. Press the Visibility button to call up the dialogue

box
RST2018-19 – Page 13
Because we have defined the appearance of this pilecap on plan, using 2D symbolic lines, we do not want to see the 3D
geometry at the same time.
74. Un-tick the Plan/RCP option to restrict the visibility of the

geometry
Whilst in the family editor, the geometry will still be visible in halftone, to
aid in the creation process. Once this object is brought into a project, the
visibility settings apply.
What we now have is 2D linework visible on plan and the 3D geometry

visible in all other views
75. From the Manage tab, select Materials
We now have the form of our pilecap, and can start to look at the specification, starting with
the material.
As we can see, we have a material already defined as Concrete – Cast-in-Place Concrete with
relevant Textures and Hatch Patterns assigned.
As you can see, the extensive list of materials that we have seen within a project is not
available here in a family template. In order to minimise the size of families, only the
standard default materials are given in the file.
By choosing a Foundation template, it is assumed that Concrete will be required and is

hence provided. If we need any others for defaults within our component, then this is where
we define them.
We can duplicate any of the existing materials to use as a basis for our new materials and
give it any name we like. It is good practice to get into a system of naming materials.
Without one, it is very easy to end up with several variations of the same material within a
project and it can be tricky to know which one to change in order to update a model.
76. Select the Pilecap in the 3D view
77. In the Properties palette select the ellipsis at the end of the Material row
78. This box will link the material of the component through to a parameter
We could simply apply those materials to the geometry and therefore permanently set those objects to be the given
material. By clicking on the arrow shown here, we would enter the material library where we can select the required
material from our list.
RST2018-19 – Page 14
What we would like to do, however, is to be able to control the material definition of the various parts of the component,
but have a default value for each parameter.
79. Create a New parameter
80. Set the name as Pilecap and set the grouping to Materials and
Finishes
81. Repeat steps 77 to 81 for the Piles, assigning a parameter called Piles to control the finish
The grouping of parameters is only a filing issue and does not

affect the object in any way. In fact, with Revit 2011 the
grouping is largely defined for you when you create a
parameter by selecting a value as we did at the start of this
process.
If you create the parameter through the Family Types box as we

are doing here however, the grouping is a manual process and
should not be ignored. As you develop more complex objects,
this filing will help save your sanity!
82. Open Family Types
83. Set the value of the Pilecap and Piles material

parameters Concrete – Cast-in-Place Concrete
84. Click OK
Again as part of the testing regime, we alter the

parameters within the Family Types dialogue. This also set
the defaults for the component when it used in project.
RST2018-19 – Page 15
Step 9 – Sub Categorise
85. From the Manage tab, Settings panel, select
Object Styles to open the sub-categories list
86. Click New
87. Set the name of the new sub-category to

Pilecap
88. Make a new sub-category for Piles
89. Select OK to close the dialogue
One more element to contemplate is sub-categorisation. This allows control within a project of individual components of
an object. If we needed to see the Pilecap, without the Piles for any reason, then we can do so, by defining a sub-category.
90. Select the geometry for the pilecap set the Sub-category for the component to be Pilecap
91. Click OK
92. Repeat this step to subcategorise the piles
In the properties
dialogue of the
geometry or
linework, we can
allocate the sub-
category to each element.
Step 10 – Define Types

93. In the Family Types dialogue, create
a New type called 150mm Dia
Set:
• Pilecap Depth to 400.0
• Pile Diameter to 150.0
• Pile Depth to 3000.0
94. Apply
Finally, we need to save default values for the parameters of our pilecap by creating types, which are a pre-set bundle of
values.
RST2018-19 – Page 16
95. Repeat the above step to create some alternative types
96. Set the Pile Diameter and Pile and Cap depths accordingly
97. Select the different types from the list and apply the values to see the fully parametric
pilecap adjust to your requirements
We simply create the type, set the values and apply.
That’s it! We have a fully parametric pilecap, to be used in our projects
Save the pilecap in a library

It is a good idea to set-up your own library of components
and keep them separate from the Revit install library, as this
will be replaced with subsequent updates of the software
and you don’t want to risk losing your work in the process.
Further advice and information on library management and

deployment are available should you need it.
In order to use the pilecap, we can load the file into a project either by using Load into Project button from the Family
Editor session, or use the Load Family option from the File pull-down menu within the project.
You can either load the component into a project, ‘on the fly’ by using
various loading options or set up a template containing your most popular
components.
Place the pilecap component using the Foundation > Isolated

tool from the Structure tab.
The Type selector provides alternatives, as pre-defined in the

creation process.
This foundation is now ready to store in a library and reuse

where required.
The object will adhere to a grid and is sufficiently parametric to cover most requirements.
RST2018-19 – Page 17
Conclusion and Further Practise
Upon completion of this exercise, we hope that you have gained an idea of the speed and ease with which you can unleash
the full potential of a truly parametric model. If you wish to take the model further, why not attempt to add an extra pile or
two and change the formulae to suit. If you do so, remember to follow the order of the 10 steps and do not be tempted to
model in 3D before applying muscles to the bones!
So to recap:
1. Categorise the element for scheduling and visibility control

2. Layout using ref planes
3. Apply Rules with dimensions
4. Test
5. 2D Linework in detail
6. Test
7. 3D Geometry as simple as possible
8. Test
9. Sub-categorisation for better sub-object control
10. Define types to provide pre-defined choices
We wish you good luck…
RST2018-19 – Page 18
Autodesk Revit
Modular Training
Module 20
Considering Options
and Alternatives
Considering Options and Alternatives
Exercise
In this exercise a small building is used to demonstrate the practical use of design options. The scenario being that the
design team believe the building could benefit from removing the upper columns at grids D2 and D3 in order to create a
larger clear floor space on the First Floor. The suggested solution is to use a truss to span between grids D1 and D4 to
support the rafters at D2 and D3 as an alternative to the beams and columns, the client would like some time to consider
both design options and to consider the advantages versus the increased cost. This must not delay the rest of the design
development however.
Objectives - Create a Design Option Set with two Design Options; add the relevant existing framework to one option and
then develop the second option; create views to communicate the two alternatives.
This exercise starts from the Revit model WFP-RST-20-OptionsA.rvt.
The Main Model is the entire building that is common to both Design Options, a Design Option Set is going to be created
for the Roof Framing and this will contain two Design Options, Latticed Truss and Beam and Columns.
Design Options
First create a Design Option Set called Roof Framing.
1. Open the dataset WFP-RST-20-OptionsA.rvt
2. From the Manage tab, Design Options panel, select Design

Option button to launch the Design Options dialogue box
3. Under Option Set, click on New
Note: This will create a new Option Set in the left-hand panel
and in this set will be an option which is marked as primary.
4. Click on Option Set 1 on the left-hand side and select

Rename from the Option Set tools
5. Enter Roof Framing as the new name and OK
6. Under Option, click on New to create a second design

option in this set
RST2018-20 – Page 2
7. Select each of the Options in this set and rename them Latticed Truss and Columns
8. If it is not already, make the Latticed Truss option the primary option using the Make Primary tool under the
Option tools
9. Close the dialogue box
The design option set and the two design

options are now created although they
currently contain no information. The structural
truss has been created already and we will
move this into the relevant Design Option -
Latticed Truss (primary).
10. Open 3D Views: {3D}
11. Zoom in and select the Structural Truss, ensuring that the whole truss is selected and not an individual member
12. From the Manage tab, Design Options panel, select the Add
to Set option to launch the dialogue box
13. Deselect the Columns option and OK
Note: If a check box is cleared then any highlighted elements are

not added to the corresponding design option.
The truss is now in the correct design option and is no longer part
of the main model. As such it cannot be selected unless we edit
that option.
RST2018-20 – Page 3
We have two locations on the screen where we can set the active
design option - on the Manage tab in the ribbon menus, or at the
bottom of the screen in the View Control Bar where quick access to
the Design Options dialogue, Add to Set and the active option is
available.
In the View Control Bar at the bottom, there is also a tick-box which
dictates that only items in the active option can be selected. This can be
overruled in order to interrogate elements but not to edit them.
Note: It is also possible to add elements to a single design option by cutting the elements from the main model and pasting
them into the same place in the design option. Use the Cut and Paste Aligned tools to do this.
A new tab in the Visibility/Graphics

Overrides dialogue controls how each
view displays each of the Design Option
Sets. By default, all views are set to
<Automatic> for each set, which means
that whichever option is currently set to
be primary will be displayed. If we are
going to develop and potentially
annotate a view around the Truss as
shown here, then it is better to set the
display to show the Latticed Truss option
specifically, so that is the Columns
option is made primary, this view will
still show the Truss and will be classified as a dedicated view.
The secondary alternative was to provide two columns (305x305x97UC), rising from the First Floor up to the rafter level
(Roof 3 minus 775mm) at grids D2 and D3. First we must make the Columns option active.
15. From the Manage tab, Design Options panel or from the View Control
Bar at bottom of the screen, use the drop down to select Columns as the
active design option
16. Zoom to area of grids D2 and D3
17. From Structure tab, Structure panel, select Column
RST2018-20 – Page 4
18. In the Type selector choose a 305x305x97UC and on the options bar set Height and Roof 3
19. Place a column at each of the grid intersections D2 and D3
20. Select both columns and in the Properties Palette set the Top Offset
to -775
Note: The column properties show that the elements belong to the Columns
Design Option.
The columns can be seen in all views despite

not being the primary option because whilst an
option is active, it can be edited in any view. Once
the option is deactivated and we return to the
Main Model, then the views will revert to their
settings. A duplicate of the 3D view or any other
view could be set to show the Columns option for
publication.
RST2018-20 – Page 5
RST2018-20 – Page 6
Want to learn more?
Get Qualified
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These notes are prepared with the exams in mind and the preparation of students not just for
the assessment, but on into working life, with the aim of the delegate being productive from the
minute they leave the classroom. For those students who already have experience of using the
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RST2018
Want to learn more?
Why not try these other modules which are available from White Frog Publishing?
If you enjoyed this course and the White Frog courseware then you may like to know that other modules are available or
under construction in the ever-expanding range of products. The material is also available on subscription and can be
purchased through your training provider, giving twelve months unlimited access to modules.
Autodesk Revit
In addition to the basic topics covered in this course, White Frog publish a range of modules that surround the use of Revit
in a BIM environment, covering a wide variety of topics across the three disciplines of the platform with lots more to follow
in ever more diverse subject matter and workflow:
• Design Options • Standards orientation

• Construction Sequencing (phases) • Family Editor: Detail component
• Preparation of a model for output to gbXML • Family Editor: Nested components
• Local and OS coordinate systems • Family Editor: Advanced techniques
• Multiple coordinate systems • Existing buildings from survey data
• Revit product overview
Navisworks
This leading model aggregation and project review package is a very popular addition to our range of BIM products, starting
with modules which address the multitude of features available and provide a complete learning guide:
• Navis in a Nutshell • Animation and Interactivity

• Introducing Navisworks as a BIM tool • Rendering with Presenter and Autodesk
• User Interface Tour rendering
• Compiling and Managing a Project • Simulation and the TimeLiner
• Exploring the model • Interference Management - Clash Detective
• Reviewing, redlining, links and SwitchBack • Material Takeoff - Quantification
• Viewpoint creation, sectioning and animation
Interoperability Series
A key White Frog focus is on the practical demonstration of product collaboration, rather than the theoretical
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White Frog will soon be launching titles in many other BIM-related tools including:
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• Bentley Microstation • Why not tell us what you want to see?
• Microsoft Excel
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OK, so why is the material modular?

Paul Woddy Peter Routledge

White Frog Publishing Ltd.

Module 01 Introducing Revit as a BIM tool

Module 02 UI Tour, Project Navigation and View Creation

Module 03 Element Selection and Manipulation

Module 04 Visibility Control and Categorisation

Module 05 Model Development Methodology

Module 06 Establishing a Project

Module 07 Modelling Basics - Walls, Columns, Beams and Bracing

Module 08 Foundations and Piling

Module 09 System Family Editing

Module 10 Basic Schedules and Legends

Module 12 Slab and Roof Tools

Module 13 Stairs, Ramps and Railings

Module 14 Beam and Truss Systems

Module 15 Construction sequencing (Phasing)

Module 16 2D Draughting and Annotation

Module 17 Sheet Compilation and Publication

Module 18 Basic Subdivision and Collaboration

Module 19 Introduction to the Principles of Family Editing

Module 20 Considering options and alternatives

UI Tour, Project Navigation

Defining Floor Levels

3. Hover over the right-hand end of the existing

4. Move to the left and click a second time to

9. Un-tick the Group and Associate button, set the Number: to

13. Do the same to rename the lowest level (Level 7) to Foundations

15. Click on Duplicate and rename the new type to AEC

If you don't click DUPLICATE first, before changing any values,

17. Set the Level_Function parameter to ToF

21. Navigate to an Elevation view

Now we can adjust the values that need to be changed, but

26. Leaving Level 0 where it is at 0.000m, select and adjust

29. Navigate to and Open the Structural Plans: Level 0 view

34. Rename the gridline to A

Revit will look to name subsequent grids alphabetically rather

35. Either by drawing them manually or using the copy or

36. Navigate to the South Elevation

37. Select Grid 1

41. Repeat this in the West Elevation for Grids A, F and G

The above steps will ensure that grids 1, 6, A, F

42. Still in the West Elevation, select

43. Shorten the levels so that they

44. Repeat these two steps in the

We can now see the appropriate levels

There are several methods available to

This means that we need a view-specific

Defining a Scope Box

45. Navigate to and Open Structural Plans: Level 3

Objectives - Simply to try through application the Align,

All the tools covered in this exercise are to be found on

Visibility Control and

Controlling Element Visibility

1. Open the starter file WFP-RST-04–VisControlA.rvt and navigate to and

5. Select one of the Grids and right-

This will select all grids of the same style

6. Right-click again, and Override Graphics in View, By Element

8. On the View Control Bar at the base of the

11. In the View tab, Graphics panel, View Templates,

12. Then set the Name to WF Floorplan and OK

13. OK to accept all