*

*Comparative adjectives are used to compare

differences between the two objects they modify
(larger, smaller, faster, higher). They are used in
sentences where two nouns are compared, in this
pattern:

Noun (subject) + verb + comparative

adjective + than + noun (object).

*
My house is larger than hers.
This box is smaller than the one I lost.
Your dog runs faster than Jim's dog.
The rock flew higher than the roof.
Jim and Jack are both my friends, but I
like Jack better.
*Superlative adjectives are used to describe an object
which is at the upper or lower limit of a quality (the
tallest, the smallest, the fastest, the highest). They
are used in sentences where a subject is compared to a
group of objects.
Noun (subject) + verb + the + superlative
adjective + noun (object).

*
My house is the largest one in our
neighborhood.
This is the smallest box I've ever seen.
Your dog ran the fastest of any dog in the race.
We all threw our rocks at the same time. My
rock flew the highest.
 Adjective Comparative Superlative
tall taller tallest

fat fatter fattest

big bigger biggest
sad sadder saddest
happy happier happiest
simple simpler simplest
busy busier busiest
tilted more tilted most tilted
tangled more tangled most tangled
important more important most important
expensive more expensive most expensive

*
Good:
Better
The best
Bad:
Worse
The worst
*The apostrophe ( ‟ ) has three
uses: contractions, plurals, and possessives.

Plurals (rare exception)

*He received four A‟s and two B‟s.
*We hired three M.D.‟s and two D.O.‟s.
*Be sure to cross your t‟s and dot your i‟s.
*Do we have more yes‟s than no‟s?

*
*No es la única manera de indicar posesión en
inglés, otras alternativas al genitivo sajón son
los posesivos y la preposición “of”.
1. Mediante la preposición of, (de), que se usa
normalmente cuando el poseedor no es una
persona:
The window of the house
2. Cuando el poseedor es una persona o animal,
se emplea una forma particular, se añade un
apóstrofo y una s ('s)
My brother's car

*
1. Cuando el poseedor es solo uno, el orden de la frase es:
* Poseedor + Apóstrofo + S + La cosa poseída
* Paul's heart

1. Si los poseedores son varios, el orden de la frase es:

* Los poseedores (plural) + Apóstrofo + La cosa poseída
* My brothers' clock

1. Cuando el nombre en plural no termina en s se aplica la

misma norma que para un solo poseedor
* The women's books
*Cuando detallamos nombrando a los distintos
poseedores, solamente el último refiere el
genitivo:

John and Ann's cars Los coches son de ambos

John's and Ann's cars Cada uno tiene su propio

coche
*Se limita (con algunas excepciones) para
personas y animales.

A woman‟s hat = a hat for a woman

A boy‟s name = a name for a boy
A bird‟s egg = an egg laid by a bird
Spain´s monuments are very nice
*Too is used for emphasis also, but it means
„more than needed‟ or „more than enough.‟ It
is used to show that something
is bad (negative) or that something is over the
desired limit.
*So is used before an adjective
for emphasis (to make the statement
stronger).

*
*So is used like very or extremely. It‟s
another way of saying to a great degree.
*Hawaii is so beautiful! It’s so peaceful,
but it’s so far and so expensive.
*Too has the opposite
meaning. Too means more than needed,
more than necessary, or more than
enough. Too is a negative expression.
*“I love Hawaii, but it’s too far and too
expensive.”
*She is so skinny.
*Her new boyfriend is so handsome.
*Don’t be so naïve!
*He drives so fast.
*Her new outfit is so lovely.
*The cake she made for my birthday is so beautiful!
*This movie is so long.

*
* We don’t see her very often. She lives too far away.
* Turn the music down. It’s too loud!
* She drives too fast.
* Don’t work too hard!
* Don’t stay out too late. You have to get up early
tomorrow!
* She tried memorizing the textbook the night before the
exam, but it was too little, too late.

*
1 H 11 B 21 B 31 B
2 A 12 C 22 A 32 B
3 C 13 A 23 C 33 D
4 D 14 C 24 A 34 A
5 B 15 C 25 B 35 C
6 B 16 B 26 D
7 C 17 B 27 B
8 C 18 A 28 A
9 A 19 B 29 C
10 A 20 C 30 D
*
ZERO CONDITIONAL (TYPE ZERO)
Es el más básico. Lo utilizaremos cuando queramos
contar verdades universales. Eso que es sí o sí a
ciencia cierta. Hablaremos en Presente.

Formación Estructura: IF + Sujeto + Present Tense +

Sujeto + Perfect Tense

Ejemplo: If I work too much, I cry.

FIRST CONDITIONAL
Utilizaremos esta categoría de condicional, cuando la
situación llegue a ser real, o posible (cuidado que aquí ya
entran en juego las probabilidades). Por lo tanto, hablamos
de acciones o situaciones de un futuro.

Formación Estructura: IF + Sujeto + Present Simple +

Sujeto + WILL * (Verbo Modal) + Verbo + Resto Frase

Ejemplo: If it rains today, I‟ll stay at home.

If you feel sick, you must stay in bed.
SECOND CONDITIONAL
Es el denominado el condicional imaginario, irreal o
hipotética, del pasado. Como un deseo o sueño que
deseamos que hubiese ocurrido en el pasado.

Formación Estructura: If + Sujeto + Past Perfect Tense +

Parte del “sueño” + Sujeto + WOULD + Infinitivo + Resto
del “sueño”.

Ejemplo: If I won the lottery, I would travel around the

world.

OJO: Si queremos utilizar el verbo To Be, en la primera

parte de la oración, ejemplo: si yo fuera… será If
I WERE…
THIRD CONDITIONAL
Utilizaremos este tipo de condicional, cuando queramos
hablar de una situación pasada que no podemos cambiar. La
condición es imposible y su consecuencia es imaginaria. Es
conocido como el “condicional de la imposiblidad” o el
condicional del lamento.

Formación Estructura: If + Sujeto + Pasado Perfecto + Parte

de la frase + Sujeto + WOULD HAVE + Participio Pasado
+ Resto Frase.

Ejemplo: If I had passed my driving test, I would

have bought a car.
If we spoke better English, we ____ (move) to the United
States.
If we spoke better English, we would move to the United
States.

If it ____ (rain), we should go to the movies.

If it rains , we should go to the movies.

If Peter ____ (work) less, he would have more time to study.

If Peter worked less, he would have more time to study.

It would have been a nice holiday, if I ____ (break, not) my

leg.
It would have been a nice holiday, if I had not broken /
hadn't broken my leg.
_____ you _____ (go) to a different show if you can't get
tickets to “Avengers"?
Will you go to a different show if you can't get tickets to
“Avengers"?

If she were shorter, she ____ (wear) high heels more often.
If she were shorter, she would wear high heels more often.

_____ you _____ (be) angry if I hadn't called to tell you I

would be late?
Would you have been angry if I hadn't called to tell you I
would be late?

They ____ (wait, not) in the rain, had you called them to
tell them you were going to be late.
They would not have waited in the rain, had you called
them to tell them you were going to be late.
*