DENGUE

Dengue (West Nile fever, Breakbone fever or Dandy fever)

 is a mosquito-borne infectious disease caused by a virus

called dengue virus, a genus flavivirus from flaviviridae
family.

Two Forms

 Dengue hemorrhagic fever

 Dengue shock syndrome

Mode of Transmission

 mosquito bites Aedes (Stegomyia) Aegypti & Aedes

Albopictus

Incubation Period:

 4 to 7 days (range is 3-14 days)

Signs and Symptoms

 Sudden onset of high fever which may last 2 to 7 days.

 Joint & muscle pain
 Retro-orbital pain behind the eye
 Weakness
 Loss of appetite
 Skin rashes - maculopapular rash or red tiny spots on the
skin called petechiae
 Nosebleeding when fever starts to subside
  Abdominal pain
 Vomiting of coffee-colored matter
 Dark-colored stools

Diagnostic Test

 CBC

Preventive Control

 Control or eradication of the mosquitoes carrying the

virus that causes dengue

 Empty stagnant water from old tires, trash cans, and

flower pots

 Cover water drums and water pails at all times to prevent

mosquitoes from breeding

Nursing Management

 Rehydrate patient
 Assess for signs and symptoms of G.I bleeding
 Monitor pulse, blood pressure
 Note changes in level of consciousness
 Avoid rectal temperature
 Encourage use of soft toothbrush, avoiding straining for
stool, and forceful nose blowing
 Monitor Hb and Hct and clotting factors
 Administer Acetaminophen (Tylenol) for fever & instruct
patient to avoid aspirin containing products
  Bed Rest
1. When is the most common time to be bit by a mosquito potentially
infected with dengue (Aedes aegypti) mosquito?
a) Daytime
b) Nighttime
c) Anytime

2. How can we tell the difference between a typical mosquito and an Aedes
aegypti mosquito?
a) The Aedes aegypti mosquito’s hind legs are longer than a typical
mosquito’s hind legs
b) The Aedes aegypti mosquito typically has striped hind legs
c) The Aedes aegypti mosquito bites at a 45° angle
d) All of the above

3. How can we protect ourselves against dengue?

a) Put screens on our windows

b) Use repellant regularly

c) Fumigate our house and office

d) All of the above

4 .Which of these is not a mosquito borne disease?

a) Dengue fever
b) Malaria
c) Filariasis
d) Goitre

5. What is the pathognomonic sign of dengue?

a) High fever

b) Petechiae

c) Bleeding

d) Loss of appetite

6. Characteristics of the Aedes mosquito

a) Black

b) White

c) Black & white stripes on it’s body & legs

d) All of the above

7. ____ Aedes mosquito feeds on blood.

a) Male & Female

b) Female only

c) Male only

8) What is the incubation period of dengue:

a) 1-3 days

b) 2-3days

c) 2-4days
d) 4-7 days

9) What is the clinical laboratory findings of dengue fever patients:

a) Leukopenia & thrombocytopenia

b) Polycythemia

c). decrease level of the enzyme serum aminotransferase

d) All of the above

10. How many serotypes of the dengue virus that can be diagnosed in
patients

a) 1

b) 2

c) 3

d)4