Eng. Management 4 - Equipment PDF

HERVE Engineering Training
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Welcome to this presentation.
It is part of a suite of Engineering training modules.
It shows the activities and deliverables of the

Equipment/Mechanical discipline.
Comments are most welcome (herve.baron@gmail.com),

which I will incorporate for the benefit of all.
Please download this file so that you can see my trainer’s

notes in the top left corner – latest Acrobat Pro feature.
© 2015 – Hervé Baron

Hervé
HERVE Engineering disciplines: activities and deliverables
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 PROCESS
 PLANT LAYOUT
 EQUIPMENT
 SAFETY & ENVIRONMENT
 CIVIL
 PIPING
 PIPELINE

 INSTRUMENTATION
 ELECTRICAL
HERVE
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Process design
PFDs
H&M balance
Equipment specification
Process
data sheet
Rotating
Pressure vessels
Fired equipment

Heat exchangers
Packages etc.
HERVE Heat Exchangers
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HERVE Equipment ∕ Mechanical
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Starting from the Process Equipment list, Equipment discipline issues

documents to specify, select and order equipment.
Which documents?

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Starting from the Process Equipment list, Equipment discipline issues

documents to specify, select and order equipment.
Which documents?

1) THE MECHANICAL DATA SHEET
HERVE Rotating Equipment
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HERVE Mechanical Data Sheet
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What additional information to the Process Data Sheet does the
Mechanical Data Sheet contain?

HERVE Process Data sheet / Mechanical Data Sheet
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Pumps could be specified as per

ANSI or API code.
What are the differences?

HERVE API vs ANSI pumps
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ANSI API

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ANSI API
Standard dimensions
Casing rating
Casing/ casing back-cover joint
Mounting feet

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ANSI API
Standard dimensions YES NO

Casing rating 300 lbs at 300°F 750 lbs at 500°F
Casing/ casing back-cover joint Also holding bearing frame Independent, with metal/metal
adpator joint.
Mounting feet Bottom Center lined

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ANSI API

Casing/ casing back-cover Also holding bearing frame Independent, with metal/metal
joint adpator joint.

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Gasket
Casing cover
Bearing frame adaptor

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Gasket
Casing cover
Bearing frame adaptor

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ANSI API

adpator joint.

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ANSI API

adpator joint.
Conclusion:
For which services would

you select an API vs an

ANSI pump ?
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What are the contents of the code ?

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What are the contents of the code ?

• Data sheet template
• The list of information to be
defined by Purchaser, e.g. cooling
medium, hazardous area
classification etc.
• Technical requirements for the
design, accessories, tolerances
etc.

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Some data is highlighted in green while some data is highlighted in
orange. What is the difference?
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How and by whom are the Materials of Construction defined?
HERVE Engineering disciplines: activities and deliverables
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 PROCESS
 EQUIPMENT
 SAFETY & ENVIRONMENT
 CIVIL
 PIPING LAYOUT & MATERIAL
 INSTRUMENTATION
 ELECTRICAL
Piping discipline

Piping
Piping Materials/corrosion,
Plant Layout Piping materials calculations
installation insulation, painting
& supports
HERVE Material selection
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HERVE Material selection
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HERVE Pumps data sheet
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29
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What is the MDMT?

30
HERVE Pump data sheet
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Who is defining the seal type?
HERVE Pump data sheet
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Page 1/5 Page 2/5

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Page 3/5 Page 4/5

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Page 5/5

HERVE Columns and Drums
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Which documents are produced to specify Pressure Vessels ?

HERVE Pressure vessels
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Any other document ?

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What does Mechanical design entail?
HERVE Mechanical design
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The vessel wall thickness is calculated so that with all

loadings, i.e.,
• Internal pressure
• External pressure
• Weight
• Seismic
• Wind
• Other external loads, from connected pipes etc.
• Loads during transport, lifting

the maximum stress for the selected material is not
exceeded
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The vessel wall thickness is calculated so that with all

loadings, i.e.,
• External pressure
• Weight
• Seismic
• Wind
• Other external loads, from connected pipes etc.
• Loads during transport, lifting

the maximum stress for the selected material is not
exceeded
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Longitudinal stress 𝑷𝑷𝑷𝑷

𝑺𝑺 =
𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
𝑷𝑷𝑷𝑷
Circumferential stress 𝑺𝑺 =
𝒕𝒕

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𝑺𝑺 =
𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐
𝑷𝑷𝑷𝑷
Circumferential stress 𝑺𝑺 =
𝒕𝒕
Vessel wall thickness is calculated so that circumferential

stress is below admissible material stress

𝑷𝑷𝑷𝑷
< 𝑺𝑺𝑺𝑺𝑺𝑺𝑺𝑺𝑺𝑺𝑺𝑺𝑺𝑺𝑺𝑺𝑺𝑺 ∗ 𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘𝒘 𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇𝒇
𝒕𝒕
HERVE Design of tall towers
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Loadings that create compressive stress:
• Wind OR seismic
• Weight

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• Wind OR seismic
• Weight

𝑺𝑺 =
𝟐𝟐𝟐𝟐

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Wind load
D
• Wind OR seismic
• Weight
F
X
M
Wind load F = Pw * X * D
Moment M = F * X/2

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Wind load
D
Wind load F = Pw * X * D
Moment M = F * X/2 F
X
Inertia I = π R3 t
M
M*R
Stress S=
I

Stress S=
R2 π t
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Wind load
D
• Wind OR seismic
• Weight
F
X
M
Stress S= M
R2 π t

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• Wind OR seismic
• Weight
Weight W
W
Stress S=
2πRt

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• Wind OR seismic
• Weight X
Total stress: Algebraic Sum
P (R-0.4 t) F * X/2 W
Stress S = + -
2 Et π R2 t 2πRt
Total stress must remain below maximum

allowable for the material as specified in the code
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http://www.microprotol.com/demo_viewlet.htm
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Calculation file

HERVE Mechanical Design
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HERVE Mechanical data sheet
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Look at the PDS and MDS in your exercise book. What additional
information is contained in the MDS? What does Mechanical
design entail?
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Process Data Sheet: Mechanical Data Sheet:

• design conditions • design conditions & code
• skeleton drawings • scaled drawing
• material (generic type) and • material grades and thickness of
corrosion allowance all parts
• equipment dimensions • all dimensions
• definition of type of internals • drawings of internals
• nozzles list • nozzzles position and elevation
• height from ground • designed support
• weight
• loads on foundation

• limits of supply
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1) Most frequent type of heat exchangers: shell &
tubes
HERVE Heat Exchanger
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Shell & Tubes

HERVE Heat Exchanger thermal sizing
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TEMA Data Sheet
A Thermal data
sheet is received
from Process for
shell & tubes heat
exchangers
following thermal
sizing

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Mechanical Design
Ref[1]: 0
N2A N2B V
N4
HLL HLL
N5 N1A UC N1B D N3

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Mechanical Design
Ref[1]: 0
N2A N2B V
N4
HLL HLL
N5 N1A UC N1B D N3
What additional aspect is taken into account in the mechanical design of

heat exchangers compared to that of other pressure vessels (columns,
drums)?

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Mechanical Design
Ref[1]: 0
N2A N2B V
N4
HLL HLL
N5 N1A UC N1B D N3

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Mechanical Design

HERVE Heat Exchanger Mechanical Data Sheet
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Process Process/heat exchange Equipment
Proces Data Thermal Thermal Mechanical Mechanical

Sheet sizing data sheet design data sheet

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Process Process/heat exchange Equipment
Proces Data Thermal Thermal Mechanical Mechanical

Sheet sizing data sheet design data sheet

Thermal exchange Heat transfer coefficient,
duty number of shells/passes per Overall eqipment dimensions,
shell, heat transfer surface, position of nozzles, weight etc.
number of tubes
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2) Plate & Frame and other proprietary design heat exchangers
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Plate and Frame

How are Plate and Frame Heat Exchangers specified ?
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Plate and Frame

What are the advantages of the Plate and Frame HX versus the Shell
& Tube?
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Plate and Frame

How are Air cooled Heat Exchangers specified?
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How are heaters specified ?
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How are storage tanks specified ?
HERVE Storage tanks
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 Flat bottom cylindrical atmospheric tanks are

designed as per API 650 « Welded storage tanks
for oil storage »
 Above a diameter of 6 meters, tanks are not be

shop but Site fabricated

HERVE Storage tanks Mechanical data sheet
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What are the miscellaneous equipment?
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What is a package ?

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What is a package ?
Package = Set of equipment, accessories and services

 contracted or purchased to a single Vendor
 realizing a process function, with associated functional guarantees

 assembled on a single skid or multi skid, or shipped loose (bulk)
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What is a package ?
What is, for Engineering, the purpose

to order as a package ?

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What is a package ?

Purpose
 to have a better efficiency (than if it was done by the Engineer)
 to minimize site erection work
 to have ONE single functional guarantee

 to have a party (vendor) who is able to bring a specific know-how
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What is a package ?

What is usually ordered as a package ?

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What is a package ?

Common types of packages

 Compressors
 Heaters, boilers, incinerators,
 Air/nitrogen generation, chemical injection

 Water/gas treatment
 Solid handling, conveyors, cranes etc.

HERVE Packaged Compressor
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Picture courtersy LMF
HERVE Packages
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Off-shore
Instrument air generation Air dryers skid

HERVE Packages
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Gas Dehydration Off-shore

HERVE Packages
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Nitrogen generation unit On-shore
Steam bath
vaporizer
Cold box
Storage tank
(25m high)

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What is a package ?

Which is the responsible discipline ?

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Which is the responsible discipline ?
 Packages requiring mainly know-how for one Equipment type,

designed to ONE particular code: the concerned Equipment
discipline
 Turbo-compressor ROTATING
 Heaters, boilers, incinerators FIRED HEATER
 Desalter PRESSURE VESSELS
 Packages involving several Equipment type, the design of which is

NOT dictated by ONE particular code: the PACKAGE discipline
 Air/nitrogen generation, chemical injection PACKAGE
Water/gas treatment PACKAGE


 Solid handling, conveyors, cranes etc. PACKAGE

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What are the key things to consider

when specifying a package?

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 Applicable specifications: Manufacturer standard, a few Project

specifications or all?
 Automation design: Independent control system or not ?
 Pre-assembly level / extent of site works
 Definition of limits of supply and interfaces in all disciplines, e.g. civil

 Involvement of Engineer: no / partial or full check ?
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 Applicable specifications: Manufacturer standard, a few Project

specifications or all?
 Automation design: Independent control and safety systems or not ?
 Pre-assembly level / extent of site works
 Definition of limits of supply and interfaces in all disciplines, e.g. civil

 Involvement of Engineer: no / partial or full check ?
HERVE Package instrumentation & control
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Package with control loops and The Package with stand alone
protection system integrated with the process control and safety system
Plant control and safety systems

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What could be the drawbacks of

ordering something as a package?

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What other documents besides the Data Sheets are issued to

specify and order Equipment ?

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What other documents besides the Data Sheets are issued to

specify and order Equipment ?
2) THE SPECIFICATION

HERVE Data sheet / Specification
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What is the scope of each document?
HERVE Data sheet / Specification
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Two types of specifications are issued. What are the two types?
HERVE Specification
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General

98
EP - 21799_a_A_ppt_01 - Eng. Mangement Part 2 - Engineering disciplines
HERVE Specification
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General specification:
 It does not apply to a particular equipment (tag) but to all items of this
family of equipment, e.g. fired heaters, S&T HX etc.
 Only lists the amendments to a code
 For standard supplies, it is enough, along with the MDS
 For packages, general specifications for all equipment types within the
package must be included

HERVE Equipment codes & Standards
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Pressure Vessels
ASME Section VIII, Division 1 Rules for Construction of pressure Vessels
ASME Section VIII, Division 2 Rules for Construction of pressure Vessels
Fired Heaters and Steam Boilers

ASME Section I Power Boilers Code
API 560 Fired heaters for refinery services
Heat Exchangers
API 660 Shell & Tube
API 661 Air-cooled HX
API 662 Plate & Frame
Rotating Equipment
API 610 Centrifugal pumps for Petroleum and Natural Gas Industries
API 617 Centrifugal compressor for general refinery service

API 611 General purpose turbines for refinery service
Atmospheric Storage Tanks

API 650 Welded Tanks For oil Storage
HERVE Specification
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Particular

HERVE Specification
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General specification:
 It does not apply to a particular equipment (tag) but to all items of this
family of equipment, e.g. fired heaters, S&T HX etc.
 Only lists the amendments to a code
 For standard supplies, it is enough, along with the MDS
 For packages, general specifications for all equipment types within the
package must be included
Particular specification
 Specific to a particular equipment item (Equipment Tag)

 Issued for complex and extended scope of supply, including several types
of equipment, e.g. machinery auxiliaries, and for packages
 Issued when the supply is not standard, i.e. specific requirements etc. that

the general specification does not cover
 It is fully comprehensive... as shown on the TOC on the next slide
HERVE (Particular) Equipment specification
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 Detailed scope of supply
 Scope of services
 Reference documents
 Applicable codes & standards
 Deviations & Exceptions
 Design Requirements
 Packing, marking and shipping
 Shop assembly and delivery conditions
 Inspection & testing

 Guarantees & warranty
 Data required with the bid

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HERVE Specification
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Deviations and exceptions are discussed with
 Applicable codes & standards Vendors, and incorporated in the specification
final revision IFP


HERVE Specification
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HERVE Specification
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 Applicable codes & standards In all concerned disciplines (to reduce the
number of other discipline specs
 Deviations & Exceptions transmitted to the vendor)


HERVE Specification
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HERVE Specification
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Strongly influences the amount of work on
 Design Requirements site

 Documentation
HERVE Specification
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HERVE Specification
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HERVE Specification
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During bid stage (before PO)
 Inspection & testing information is required to Vendor for

Technical analysis. This paragraph is
 Guarantees & warranty deleted for IFP revision

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Which document, issued to the bidders, summarizes the inquiry?

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Which document, issued to the bidders, encapsulates all

requirements for a particular supply?
1) THE MECHANICAL DATA SHEET
2) THE SPECIFICATION

3) THE MATERIAL REQUISITION
HERVE Material requisition
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Name the documents to be listed here…
1) For the “Centrifugal Pumps” Material Requisition
2) For the “Turbo-Compressors” Material Requisition
3) For the requisition of a package

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2) For the “Turbo-Compressors” Material Requisition

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• The General Specification for centrifugal pumps
• The Mechanical Data Sheet of each pump

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2) For the requisition of air-coolers

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• The General specification for air-coolers
• The Process Data Sheets of each air-cooler

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and standards of engineering design disciplines

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• The duty specification

• The Particular Specification
• The general specifications for all equipment part of the package
• Specifications and standards of engineering design disciplines
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 1 PIM, attendance to all checks and test points (HOLD)

 2 PIM, optional attendance to checks and test points
 3 Attendance to final tests only
 4 Review of documents only
HERVE Inspection requirements
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Supplier class
Very good Good Fair Bad
Very critical
Equipment Criticality
Critical
Low critical

Non critical
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Established on the basis of previous experience

with this supplier (rating by Engineering /
Inspection / Expediting), References, audits, NCR
Defined based on operating etc.
conditions, manufacturing
difficulty, impact on Design or
overall Project Schedule.
Supplier class
Very critical
Critical
Low critical

Non critical
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1 PIM, attendance to all checks and test points (HOLD)
2 PIM, optional attendance to checks and test points
3 Attendance to final tests only
4 Review of documents only
Supplier class
Very critical not not

1 1
qualified qualified
not
Critical 3 2 2 qualified
Low critical

4 3 2 2
Non critical 4 3 3 3
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What are the

different types
of documents
requested from
the vendor ?
 1 PIM, attendance to all checks and test points (HOLD)

 2 PIM, optional attendance to checks and test points

 3 Attendance to final tests only
 4 Review of documents only
HERVE Vendor documents
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 Design documents, such as mechanical calculation note etc.
 Interface documents, such as loads on foundation, Purchaser's

connections drawing etc.
 Manufacturing documents such as welding and testing procedures,

inspection and test reports,
 Installation documents, such as preservation procedure, lifting

instructions etc.
 Operating and maintenance manual, spare parts list

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instructions etc.

Which type of documents is the most critical for Engineering
development ?
HERVE Vendor Documents Requirements & Schedule (VDRS)
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What do you do to ensure these documents will be submitted on-time ?
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instructions etc.

What are the types of Material certificates requested?
HERVE Certificate
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EN 10204
 Type 2.1: Declaration of conformity. Issued by the Supplier. Certifies that the product
complies with the requirements of the order. Does not contain any test results (2.1) or
contains non-specific test results (2.2).
 Type 3.1: Material test certificate. Issued by the Supplier. Contains specific test results.
Tests are done on the material itself or a sample of it. The tests have been done by an
organization independent from the supplier.
 Type 3.2: Witnessed Material Test Certificate. Same as 3.1 but tests, including sampling
and traceability of sample, have been witnessed by a recognized certification agency.
The items shall be stamped with the symbol of the certification agency.
Type 3.1 (and 3.2) must contain PO/work order number, batch/lot number etc.

HERVE Certificate
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EN 10204

Which type of certificate is requested for what?
HERVE Certificate
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Non pressure containing parts
EN 10204

HERVE Certificate
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Pressure containing parts
EN 10204

HERVE Certificate
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EN 10204

Critical items, such as special steels, critical service etc, or in case of doubt
on the quality control system of the supplier
HERVE Certificate
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What type of
certificate
is this?

HERVE Material requisition / Annex
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HERVE Material requisition / Annex
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HERVE Material Requisition / Annex
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HERVE Equipment / Mechanical
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Quiz
Give another name for each of the following type of heat

exchanger:
 Finned tube
 PFHE

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WRAP-UP !
Documents issued by Equipment discipline:

 Mechanical Data Sheet
 Specification (General / Particular)
 Material Requisition
Another document is issued by the Equipment discipline, which

one?

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Which documents are issued to

• Specify
• Inquire
• Select

Equipment?
HERVE Bid technical evaluation
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Requirements Supplier 1 Supplier 2

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What is the work of the Equipment engineer after the purchase order is
placed?

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placed?
 Review of vendor documents

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placed?

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Decision during a clarification meeting
Scope of supply: counter with vendor, for instance to allow
flange to be supplied by maintenance
vendor, as per contractual
specification
Comments on Instrument
numbering and
installation: Vendor P&ID
shall use the same
nomenclature than
project’s P&ID

Missing information: setting pressure of
PCV shall be indicated on P&ID
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placed?
 Coordination with other disciplines

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placed?
 Coordination with other disciplines. There are many interfaces…

HERVE Interfaces
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Which engineering data is
exchanged with the Vendor
of a column?

HERVE Interfaces
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Which engineering data is exchanged
with the Vendor of a column?
Discipline Provider Receiver
Piping Nozzle elevation, Nozzle
orientation, loads exact
position
Plant layout Elevation &
position of
manholes, height
of skirt/support
Civil Platform supports Loads on
(location and load) foundation
Piping supports Pipe support
location
Instrumentation Elevation of level

connections
Internals vendor Internals supports
Electrical Earthing lug /
lightning lug
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Other Engineering disciplines /

Project functions will also be
involved….
Discipline Involvement
Materials/Corrosion Review materials,
coating, insulation
cathodic protection
Inspection Tests, NDE, RBI
Construction Reviews, site assembly,
heavy lifts
Safety Passive fire protection on
column skirt

HERVE The Oil & Gas Engineering Guide
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A unique synthetic overveiw of Engineering...

HERVE The Oil & Gas Engineering Guide - 2nd edition
BARON
Table of Contents

BARON
Table of Contents
This suite of training modules

covered the discipline
chapters of the book...

BARON
Table of Contents
The Guide contains much more:
The overall picture, interfaces,

methods & tools, etc.

BARON
Table of Contents

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Table of Contents

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Table of Contents

HERVE The Oil & Gas Engineering Guide
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2nd edition
Order direct from the publisher:
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HERVE Engineering Training

Welcome to this presentation.

It is part of a suite of Engineering training modules.

It shows the activities and deliverables of the

Comments are most welcome (herve.baron@gmail.com),

Please download this file so that you can see my trainer’s

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

 SAFETY & ENVIRONMENT

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

Starting from the Process Equipment list, Equipment discipline issues

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

Starting from the Process Equipment list, Equipment discipline issues

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

Pumps could be specified as per

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

Casing/ casing back-cover joint

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

Standard dimensions YES NO

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

Standard dimensions YES NO

Mounting feet Bottom Center lined

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

Standard dimensions YES NO

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

Standard dimensions YES NO

For which services would

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

What are the contents of the code ?

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

What are the contents of the code ?

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

 SAFETY & ENVIRONMENT

 PIPING LAYOUT & MATERIAL

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

What is the MDMT?

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

Which documents are produced to specify Pressure Vessels ?

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

Any other document ?

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

© 2015 – Hervé Baron

The vessel wall thickness is calculated so that with all