Journal of Product Analysis

Identification of Caffeine in Headache Medicine by using

Alkalinemetric Titration

Annisa Pramesti, Bima Eka Saputra, Tika Karlusi Mega Adistya, Randhy Dwi Rendrahadi

Chemical Analysis of Bani Saleh Vocational School

JL. R. A. Kartini No. 66 Bekasi 17113

ABSTRACT
One headache medicine composition is caffeine. Caffeine can give the effect of strengthening the
ability of analgesic and its antipiretic. Aim in this research is to determine the concentration of caffeine in
hedeache medicine. Caffeine drug in low doses is able to give a positive effect. But not all products include
caffeine levels in it so needs to be aware of risk of side effects that can happen. Method used in this study
is alkalinemetric titration. Solution that has been chilled in the titration by using Na2S2O3.5H2O
supplemented with 4 mL of KIO3 0:02 N and 25 mL of alcohol. Determination of caffeine content is done
by measuring the amount of I2, the iodine is reacted with thiosulfate ions that will transform into iodide
iodine.

Keywords: Alkalinemetric, KIO3, Na2S2O3.5H2O

INTRODUCTION groups and affect the central nervous

Headache medicine is one brand of
migraine headaches that can be purchased
freely in Indonesia. Headache medicine
included in the tablet.Tabet is a solid
dosage form containing materials with or
without fillers. Add for tablet serves as a
filler, developers, binders, lubricants, and
wetting or other appropriate functions. One
drug that consists of caffeine is a drug
headache medicine. Hedache medicine is
one of the products of the pharmaceutical
companies that each tablet contains 600 mg
of paracetamol and 50 mg of caffeine.
Headache medicine functionality to treat
headaches and toothaches [1]. In marketing,
quality inspection is absolutely necessary
preparation for assurance that the
preparation containing materials with
quality and a predetermined amount and
following standard analytical procedures,
thus supporting the expected therapeutic
effect [2]. Headache medicine contains
caffeine which can give the effect of
strengthening the ability of the analgesic
and antipyretic [4]. Caffeine is a weak base
which is a xanthine derivative, I have methyl
system stimulation, and can strengthen the
analgesic effect of paracetamol [2]. Using
caffeine as a drug composition is very
widely used, because one of the functions of
caffeine can act as an antioxidant [3].
Caffeine is an alkaloid that is classified in the
same family together tephiline
methylxantine compound and theobromine,
acts as a central nervous system stimulant.
Caffeine is a white powder that has a bitter
taste and has the chemical formula
C6H10O2, and 1,3,7- trimetilxantin chemical
structure [4].
If consuming too much caffeine can
cause heart palpitations anxiety, insomnia,
and heart. Consuming caffeine can also
cause addiction [5]. If you consume more
than 300 milligrams (mg) of caffeine
anhydrous health conditions that can cause
caffeine intoxication. It can affect a person's
ability to drastically reasoning, and causes
anxiety, rambling speech patterns, muscle
twitching, and agitation. Overdose can cause
mania, disorientation, hallucinations, and, in
serious cases, lead to psychosis [6] and
when to consume more than 650mg can
cause chronic insomnia, anxiety, and ulcers.
Other effects can increase heart rate,
increased risk of cholesterol buildup, and if
in pregnant women can cause birth defects
in children [7]. The maximum limit caffeine
as much as 10 grams per person and if it
exceeds the limit will lead to death [10].
Based on the research found that there is a
danger of drugs that contain caffeine, as it
may increase the risk of stroke. Choosing
drugs containing caffeine bound with risk
doubling even tripling of having a stroke [8].
It is recommended that people not
taking any medications that are often
contained caffeine .Because caffeine can
cause a worsening of sleep quality [9].
Consumption of caffeine in low doses
shown to provide benefit. In a study by Smit
and Rogers (2000) says that 12.5 to 100 mg
of caffeine can have a positive effect and
rarely cause side effects. Caffeine works in
the body can have positive effects and side
effects. Descriptive study Bawazeer and
Alsobahi (2013) showed that 34.3% of
energy drink beverages containing caffeine
reported experiencing side effects include
palpitations, insomnia, headache, tremor,
anxiety, and nausea and vomiting. In
addition, regular consumption of caffeine
can cause dependence. The consumption of
caffeine will login to hearts and the
intestinal lumen is absorbed quickly and
complete. Big majority of respondents felt
the effects of Caffeine Research husband
hearts One hour consumption of taxable
income, related to the time required
Caffeine FOR reach maximum plasma
concentration About 30 Up to 45 Minutes.
Side Effects Posted respondents Perceived
fence husband Research to That palpitation
and sleep difficulties [12]. The positive
effects, Caffeine can Build that will increase
the supply of adrenaline heart beats,
pumping blood, and Open Air Channel.
Caffeine effects claimed can also make
orangutans Hobbies happy, just like the
effects of cocaine on the body [13]. Impact
lying Of Caffeine consumption for the Body
Is a can trigger health risk for heart disease
and hypertension. It caused the initial
properties of compounds Caffeine that tends
can boarding costs sunset hormone inhibits
adenosine useful hearts which blood vessels
widen. Until the end, lead to blood vessel
walls become more Narrow and elevated
blood pressure that causes hypertension. In
addition to it Caffeine as the cause of the
stress hormone, corticosteroids Compounds
which would Furthermore Associated with
boarding costs sunset which
parasympathetic nerves Husband make
increasing frequency hearts heart pumps
blood, so make Hobbies Fast heart beat rate
.Heartbeat the Fast Very risky occurrence of
Sudden Heart Attack . But the caffeine
contained in tea risk Hobbies Light Instead
of coffee, because in tea contains several
compounds that can neutralize lie Effect of
Caffeine [14].
Caffeine is praying The Proven
Natural substances been able helps burn
fat, some studies show that caffeine outlines
can increase the rate Metabolism
Approximately 3 Up to 11%. Studies show
that lying Caffeine Special Operations can
increase fat burning, as much as 10% [15].
Caffeine is found by two different scientists
in the same time. First, caffeine from coffee
isolated by the German chemist in 1820
[16]. In pregnant women, caffeine can also
affect the fetus after being taken by the
blood through the placenta.
Because the fetus is still in its
formative stage, can’t be metabolized
caffeine in adults perfect Effect last for six
hours, but in pregnant women, it may take
twice as long before the effect disappears.
One studies have also shown an increased
risk of miscarriage in women who
consumed more than 300 mg of caffeine per
day. Many studies conducted on animals
declared caffeine can cause birth defects,
reduced fertility, and reproductive then
problems. Although many women choose to
avoid caffeine completely, experts believe
that moderate caffeine consumption (150
mg-250 mg per day) will not have a negative
effect on pregnancy [17]. Pregnant women
who consume full caffeine also known to Then titrated so that the color changed back
have an increased risk of having a baby who into Orange, volume required for this
is smaller than normal[18]. Titration titration was 2.1 Ml
alkalinemetry is titration using standard
solution base (alkali) [11]. CONCLUSION
Caffeine levels in hedeache
MATERIAL AND METHODS medicine tablets (1.343 ± 0.379)%.
Material 1 REFFERENCES
0.1 N NaOH [1]http://www.kerjanya.net/faq/11657-
Materials 2 bodrex.html
Phenopthalein indicator [2]journal.unhas.ac.id/index.php/mfdf/artic
Materials 3 le/download/484/425
Hedeache medicine [3] http://www.amazine.co/6010/bahaya-
Other Material kafein-5-efek-negatif-kafein-untuk-
Distilled water kesehatan/
alcohol [4]http://repository.usu.ac.id/bitstream/ha
H2SO4 25% Na2S2O3.5H¬2¬O 0.1 N ndle/123456789/27374/Chapter%20II.pdf
KIO3 0.02 N ;jsessionid=07A2AB7106F09ACC19931EF3
KI 10% 41CA6040?sequence=4.
Tools [5]https://moko31.wordpress.com/2012/0
Flask , 7/09/obat-flu/
Procedure [6]http://www.rumahkopi.com/2013/11/
Sample preparation manfaat-dan-efek-samping- kafein-
Hedeache medicine tablet crushed anhidrat.html
into powder hedeache medicine 1 gram of [7]http://repository.usu.ac.id/bitstream/ha
powder weighed on analytical balance and ndle/123456789/27374/Chapter%20II.pdf
then put it in a 100 mL Erlenmeyer flask ;jsessionid=07A2AB7106F09ACC19931EF3
mortar washed with alcohol, then pour into 41CA6040?sequence=4
the flask until the volume of alcohol that is [8] http://www.asgar.or.id/kesehatan-
inserted into the flask was 25 health/berita-kesehatan/bahaya-obat-yang-
mmLErlenmeyer shake it for 10 minutes mengandung-kafein-dapat-menyebabkan-
Added 25% H2SO4 by 5 mL, 20 mL of 10% penyakit-stroke/
KI solution into the Erlenmeyer flask and [9]http://download.portalgaruda.org/articl
then the solution was shaken for 10 e.php?article=51344&val=4098
minutes. Erlenmeyer heated until boiling [10]
solution. http://eprints.undip.ac.id/22787/2/ISI.pdf
Titration [11]http://staff.uny.ac.id/sites/default/files
Titrated solution was chilled with /pendidikan/Sunarto,Drs.,%20M.Si./Modul
Na2S2O3.5H2O supplemented with 4 mL of %20Kimia%20Analisis%20titrasi%20alkali
KIO3 0:02 N and 25 mL alcohol. Titration metri.pdf
repeated up to 2 times with different tablet. [12]
ojs.unud.ac.id/index.php/eum/article/dow
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS nload/8507/6369
Result 1 [13]
At first the orange solution and the color http://www.tempo.co/read/news/2014/09
remains after heating and after plus KIO3 /03/095604175/Begini-Cara-Kerja-Kafein-
turn blue-black. pada-Otak
Result 2 [14] http://www.dokteribu.com/dampak-
kafein-bagi-kesehatan-tubuh/
[15]
http://grosiramazonplus.com/manfaat-
minum-kopi/
[16] https://www.nescafe.co.id/kafein
[17] http://www.amazine.co/5984/tips-
aman-kehamilan-efek-kafein-pada-wanita-
hamil-janin/
[18]
https://www.menstruasi.com/node/393