♫♫ BY THE WAY ♫♫

USING “BY” AND “WITH” TO EXPRESS HOW SOMETHING IS DONE.

“By” + a gerund is used to express how something is done.
E.g.: Pat turned off the tape recorder by pushing the stop button.

“By” or “with” followed by a noun is also used to express how something is done.
E.g.: Mary goes to work by bus.
Andrea stirred her coffee with a spoon.

 By is used for means of transportation and communication.

By (air) plane By subway By mail By air
By boat By taxi By (tele) phone By land
By bus By train By fax By sea
By car By foot (on foot) By e-mail

Others
By check By chance By mistake
By credit card By choice By hand (made by a person, not a machine)

 With is used for instruments or parts of the body

I cut down the tree with an ax (by using an ax).
I swept the floor with a broom.
She pointed to a spot on the map with her finger.

Complete the following by using by + gerund. Use the words in the list or your own words.

Eat Smile Wag Wave

Write Stay Wash Drink
Guess Take Watch

1. Students practice written English __by writing_ compositions.

2. We clean our clothes _____________________________ them in soap and water.
3. Khalid improved his English _____________________________________ a lot of TV.
4. We show other people we are happy _______________________________________.
5. We satisfy our hunger _________________________________________ something.
6. We quench our thirst ___________________________________ something.
7. I figured out what “quench” means __________________________________________.
8. Alex caught my attention ________________________________ his arms in the air.
9. My dog shows me she is happy _______________________________________ her tail.
10. Carmen recovered from her cold ________________________________ in bed and _______________________________________
care of herself.
Complete the following with your own words. Use by and gerunds.

11. You can destroy bacteria in meat _________________________________________________ it.

12. You can cook an egg ______________________________________ it, _________________________________ it, or
_______________________________________ it.
13. We can improve our English _________________________________________________.
14. Each of us, in our own small way, can help conserve the world’s natural resources _______________________________.
15. You can favorably impress a job interviewer _______________________________________________________.
16. People can improve their health ___________________________________________________.
17. Parents can help their young children learn to read ________________________________________________.
18. We can make the world a better place for future generations ____________________________________________________.

MATCH THE FOLLOWING DEFINITIONS WITH THEIR CORRESPONGING EXAMPLES.

Definitions:
a.) To be familiar with the appearance of without having personal acquaintance
b.) It is used to emphasize that something is the biggest, the best, etc.
c.) Something that is produced as a result of making something else, or something unexpected that happens as a
result of something else. // An incidental or secondary product made in the manufacture or synthesis of something
else.
d.) Due to something. // Using something.
e.) A person who is standing near and watching something that is happening but is not taking part in it:
f.) It is used to tell someone that they should forget about unpleasant things that happened in the past, and
especially to forgive and forget something bad that someone has done to them.
g.) from memory.

Examples:
1. The deep depression he fell into was a byproduct of his disease. ________
2. This was by far the largest city in the area. _________
3. I was able to get an A in my math class this semester by means of hard work. ________
4. Just let bygones be bygones and be friends again. ________
5. The students had to know the poem by heart. ________
6. I know Mr. Brown by sight but we have never spoken. ________
7. Many innocent bystanders were injured by the explosion. ________

FILL IN THE GAPS WITH THE CORRESPONDING WORD FROM THE LIST BELOW.

BY HEART / BY FAR / BY THE WAY / KNOW BY SIGHT / BY MEANS OF / LET BYGONES BE BYGONES / BYSTANDER /
BYPRODUCT.

1. I need to learn the plural of irregular nouns _______________________________ because they don’t follow any rules.
2. I said I was sorry—can't we ___________________________________?
3. The device is attached to the patient's arm _______________________________ straps.
4. This is his best film ______________________________.
5. If you ____________ someone ________________________, that person looks familiar to you, but is not a friend of yours.
6. Selenium is a _______________________________ of copper refining.
7. It looks like an innocent __________________________ was killed instead of you.