Name: LIM XIN YI

Student ID: 00000012383

Cohort: CH116

Disease outbreaks is the occurrence of disease cases in excess of normal expectancy that are
usually caused by an infection, transmitted through person-person contract, animal-to-person contact,
or from the environment or other media. From the movie, the virus that has caused the outbreak is
known as Motaba virus, which has similar symptoms like Ebola such as fevers, severe bleeding from
the eyes, nose, ears and organs. But unlike Ebola, Motaba is a deadly airborne virus that is caused by
pathogens that can be transmitted through cuts and open wounds, bodily fluids and air. I think role of
outbreak investigations is important as it helps to stop ongoing outbreaks and keep people from
getting ill now. They can improve scientific understanding of how the virus been transmitted, and how
may it be reduced or prevented. Based on the movie,i think the outbreak could be prevented by
improving the air purification systems to reduce the airborne diseases in their facilities. It is important
to have good ventilation and air management as pathogens, pollutants and moisture can easily build
up to unsafe levels in an unventilated area. With a few basic filtering methods include mechanical air
filters, UV purification, HEPA filters and ion generators, the area can be kept free from pollutants and
pathogens as possible, as well improve the exchanging of air between the inside and outside of a
building. Besides, the white-headed capuchin monkey, which is the host that carrying the virus stows
away on a ship that is heading to another place, which then started to spread the virus. As we can see
that wild animals could be potential carries of diseases, hence, it is important to avoid both live and
dead wild animals as they carry several contagious organisms, yet seemingly appear to be healthy. So,
avoid hand-feeding wildlife, working or playing in areas where there are wildlife droppings and always
wash and sanitized your hand. From the movie, there were few incidents happened in the hospital, a
guy was infected when his suit tears followed by another girl accidentally stabs herself with a
contaminated needle while collecting samples during the research, and another technician got
infected when he accidentally breaks the vial, splattering the contents, infecting and killing him. As we
can see from all these incidents, a health-care workers should have more stricter on practising
infection control measures, including isolating infected individuals and using personal protective
equipment properly, including: gowns, masks, gloves and goggles. Always disinfect or dispose of
instruments and equipment properly after treating infected patients, for example: needles should be
throw out, scalpels and thermometers should be disinfected. Moreover, avoid direct, unprotected
contact with the bodies of people who have died from the disease as well notify health officials
immediately if you have had direct contact with the blood or body fluids, feces, saliva, urine and so on.
This is dangerous as the virus can enter the body through broken skin or unprotected mucous
membranes. Furthermore, good sanitary habits, regular hand-washing, avoid close contact with
people who have active symptoms of disease and cover your mouth when cough or sneeze are all the
prevention methods that can greatly reduce the risk of transmitting airborne diseases. Lastly, vaccines
can also lower the risk and chances of people in the community for getting infected from the diseases.
As conclude, it is crucial to create awareness of the disease as its effects on millions of people in the
world is critically important.