FM-101-97

(© Michael Gallegos, added 14-Oct-1998)

Field Manual No 101-97 FM 101-97

Air Force Pamphlet 200-97 AFP 200-97
Naval Warfare Publication No 29-97 NWP 29-97
Fleet Marine Force Manual No 11-97 FMFM 11-97

STAFF OFFICERS FIELD MANUAL

DOCTRINES AND PROCEDURES
REANIMATED DEAD
THIS VERSION IS AN ON-LINE DOCUMENT THIS VERSION IS AN ON-LINE
DOCUMENT

INTRODUCTION

The reanimation of the recently dead is an unprecedented event in human history. Since
early 1997, this phenomenon has overtaken the globe, dramatically shifting all
geopolitical and socioeconomic systems and boundaries. It is the purpose of this manual
to disseminate the most recently updated information on this phenomenon to all
servicemen and women, regardless of nationality or political status. This information has
been collected through the collaborative efforts of Natick Army Research Laboratory,
Aberdeen Proving Ground, and soldiers in the field.

OVERVIEW

As soldiers are the guardians of the state, it is the soldier who will bear the brunt of any
domestic crisis. This manual will provide the individual soldier with detailed information
regarding the reanimated dead in the following areas:
-History
-Biology
-Behavioral Patterns
-Weapon Effectiveness and Employment
-Casualty Management
-First Aid
-Current Military State

1.0 HISTORY

As has been documented every day since initial reports in mid-February 1997, the dead
are returning to life to seek out the living. The root cause has been determined to be a
previously unknown biological agent; specifically, an engineered virus. The purpose of
this virus remains unknown, although given the catastrophic effect on human population
centers, the inherent tactical and strategic uses of this agent cannot be ignored. Given the
extreme mutagenic ability of the virus and the speed of it's transmission among populated
areas, it is unlikely the engineers of this agent did not realize they had created the most
powerful biological agent known to science, whatever the true purpose or nature of the
virus may have been.

As of publication of this manual, no major city in the Western Hemisphere with a

population of over 500,000 has been spared complete contagion, regardless of quarantine
or containment operations. An estimated 1.5 billion reanimated dead walk the earth, with
approximately 30.000 new individuals per day.

2.0 BIOLOGY

Perhaps no subject has been studied in recorded history with more urgency than the
biological functions of the newly risen. The following key points are known regarding
reanimated individuals:
-Relatively little higher cognitive or vocal ability, due to viral destruction of higher order
areas of the brain. Affected individuals cannot understand symbolic communication,
employ tools, use problem solving skills or logical processes
-Due to the above, basic motor skills are drastically reduced. Affected individuals appear
in stupor, with limited mobility (base average speed near 3 miles/4.5 kilometers per hour)
-Impervious to pain or other negative physical stimuli; burning individuals have been
observed remaining mobile for up to an hour; likewise, specimens with all organs and
limbs removed remain active
-Extreme tracking ability in regard to living humans; a single living human can attract all
reanimated individuals from as far as one and a half kilometers
-Reanimated individuals exhibit one basic motive: consumption of living humans
(experiments removing all organs and bodily tissues from captured specimens suggest no
nourishment is gained by this type of consumption)

Exhaustive research in the field indicates that aside from immolation, violent cranial
trauma sufficient to induce destruction of the affected individual's cerebral tissues is the
only effective means of achieving permanent deactivation.(Fig 2.1)

2.1 Effects of conventional weapons on affected individuals

Anti-personnel mines Suitable at ranges up to 20 meters when fragmentary

aspects result in complete disintegration of targeted
individuals

Grenades Unsuitable-blast and fragmentary effects insufficient to

result in destruction of target (NOTE: M-14 Incendiary
and M-35 White Phosphorous excluded)
Small arms Suitable only when employed as directed at cranial
targets

Crew served weapons Suitable only when employed as directed at cranial

targets

Flame Suitable-extreme flammability of affected individuals

Artillery projectiles Unsuitable-blast and fragmentary effects insufficient to

result in destruction of target

Edged weapons Unsuitable except when used to effect decapitation of

target

Normal post-expiration biological processes in affected individuals are markedly

reduced; in some instances, completely absent. Tissue decay rates in the brain and spinal
column are inhibited to almost non-existent, although some decomposition occurs in the
musculoskeletal system and larger internal organs. These decays in structure significantly
weaken affected individuals physically, greatly improving effectiveness of employed
weaponry. As indicated, weapons fire should be directed at cranial specific targets to
ensure rapid deactivation of target individuals. Area effect fire can be employed to
hamper mobility, i.e., lower limb and extremity removal, with follow up operations to
deactivate remaining targets commencing immediately thereafter.

It is important to note that with the exception of higher order primates such as the
chimpanzee, no other species are affected by this agent.

3.0 BEHAVIORAL PATTERNS

Reanimated individuals display one motivating stimuli-to seek out and consume living
humans. This behavior directly affects the planning and implantation of offensive
military operations at the theater, corps, division and brigade levels.

Given the current population trend of massive, rapid evacuations from highly dense,
heavily urbanized areas in favor of less populated rural areas, largely edified areas
comprising the remains of larger cities are now considered no-man's-lands, off limits to
all personnel. As of publication of this manual, these areas are Designated Area Targets
(DAT) for systematic nuclear sterilization under Provisional G-2, CENTCOM. The mass
migration of large numbers of civilians into the country has the natural effect of drawing
equal or larger amounts of reanimated dead. This "homing ability" of the affected
population is a side effect as yet not fully understood. It must be taken into consideration
the ability of even one living human individual to "draw" hundreds, if not thousands, of
affected individuals.
Reanimated individuals all share the need for living human flesh. Specimens will follow
this need with no display of fear or the need for self preservation. This need can and has
been utilized successfully in past field operations to corral groups of reanimated dead into
areas where mass deactivation can be achieved.

4.0 WEAPON EFFECTIVENESS AND EMPLOYMENT

The use of conventional weapons to combat reanimated individuals is mostly ineffective

unless employed in very specific ways. As the only known method of achieving
deactivation is via the destruction of the affected individual's brain tissues, weapon
employment and target selection will be limited to these areas. Target engagement ranges
will be modified accordingly (Fig 4.1), taking into account affected individual speed of
movement and tendency of affected population to advance en masse.

Fig 4.1 Recommended targeting ranges, conventional weapons(U.S)

Weapon Range Notes

M16A1/A2 75 meters Semiautomatic fire; using A1, automatic

selection not used; using A2, three round
burst selection not used

M1911A1/M9 10 meters Semiautomatic fire; used only under extreme

duress

M249 SAW 75 meters rapid to sustained fire; traverse and elevation

mechanism adjusted to provide grazing fire
@ head level to incoming target

M60E3 80 meters rapid to sustained fire; traverse and elevation

mechanism adjusted to provide grazing fire
@ head level to incoming target

M203 100 meters effective when using incendiary

rounds(NOTE: minimum grenade arming
range is 31 meters/26 meters combat)

M18A1 20 meters most effective when placed 2-3 meters above

ground in target path to maximize
fragmentary lethality

Mk19 200 meters effective when using incendiary rounds; area

effect fire

to hamper mobility
M72A2 150 meters effective in area effect fire to hamper
mobility

AT-4 150 meters effective in area effect fire to hamper

mobility

M2 200 meters rapid to sustained fire; traverse and elevation

mechanism adjusted to provide grazing fire
@ head level to incoming target; effective in
destroying forward mobility at 150 meters

GAU-2 100 meters limited effective use due to high ammunition

consumption rate

Due to the cessation of industrial output, a premium will be assigned to stringent

ammunition quantity management. Commanders are instructed to insure no ammunition
is unnecessarily wasted.

5.0 CASUALTY MANAGEMENT

It is of paramount importance in any operation involving reanimated individuals to plan

and effectively implement stringent casualty collection and control. Customary methods
of interment such as burial and entombment have proven unacceptable. Research and
experience in the field show that the complete destruction of the corpse by cremation or
immersion in industrial grade solvents are the only authorized methods to be used(Fig
5.1). These guidelines apply to all casualties, regardless of religious affiliation or
accepted funerary guidelines.

Based on data collected in the field, actual reanimation in recently expired individuals
(those individuals who have received sufficient trauma which results in expiration but
does not impede reanimation) ensues on an average of fourteen minutes and ten seconds.
It is imperative that destruction of the affected corpse be implemented as soon after the
determination of somatic death as possible.

Fig 5.1 Casualty Management Technique Assessment

Method Suitability Notes

Cremation High Most effective method available

Maceration Medium Special equipment needed to grind

remains
Immersion(water) Low Ineffective-affected individuals
remain active submerged and may
wash ashore

Immersion(solvent) High Very effective when sulfuric and

hydrochloric employed

Burial Low Ineffective-affected individuals

remain dormant; potential accidental
exhumation

Freezing Low* Ineffective-affected individuals

remain dormant(*NOTE-liquid
nitrogen very effective in destroying
remains)

Active personnel who become casualties will have their personal effects and
identification tags removed before being disposed of in accordance with the above
guidelines.

6.0 FIRST AID

Due to the breakdown of basic social services during the initial stages of the crisis, few
hospitals or aid facilities remain intact, much less functional. Responsibility for medical
care and treatment now falls under individual unit medical personnel; those military bases
still operational (Fig 7.1) in CONUS at division levels and higher retain some hospital
function, although re-supply is no longer a possibility.

Injuries inflicted on soldiers in the field are of identical nature everywhere. As

reanimated dead seek to consume the living, the overwhelming majority of sustained
injuries are bites. These bites are the primary means of transmitting the reanimating agent
from affected individuals to living humans. These wounds are 100% fatal. There is no
known treatment.

Death will occur within 24 hours of initial infection, at which point the newly infected
casualty will reanimate.

It is important to note that extreme psychological stress, post traumatic stress disorder
and other mental ailments such as depression are common reported effects of sustained
combat operations with reanimated dead. Their effect on unit morale cannot be ignored.
It is of prime importance of unit commanders to insure adequate down time to maintain
proper unit moral.
It is a consequence of the severity of the current situation that newly infected soldiers
wishing to take their own lives be allowed to do so. Infected soldiers, as well as civilians,
who request a merciful death from fellow soldiers will likewise be granted.

7.0 CURRENT MILITARY STATE

The United States military has in large part taken the brunt of the damage for the duration
of this crisis; currently, total active and reserve forces have been depleted to 45% of pre-
crisis levels. All military areas and sites not categorized sensitive have been destroyed via
tactical nuclear strikes.

7.1 Functioning U.S. military sites

Ft. Bragg, NC (USA) evacuated with Pope AFB to USN-Pearl Harbor 6

Sep 97

Ft. Bliss, TX (USA) preparing for evacuation to USN -Pearl Harbor

Ft. Wainwright, AK protected by extreme terrain and meteorological

(USA) conditions; rally point for USA

Johnston Atoll (USA) protected by extreme remoteness; rally point for

USN

Schofield Barracks,HI garrison support, USN-Pearl Harbor

(USA)

Pearl Harbor, HI (USN) state seized per USN internal directives; rally point
for US forces CONUS

USS Abraham Lincoln anchored off of USN-Norfolk; conducting air

(USN) support and refugee evacuation for metropolitan
Washington D.C.

USS Enterprise (USN) anchored off USN- San Diego; conducting air
support and refugee evacuation for metropolitan
San Diego

USAF Diego Garcia protected by extreme remoteness; rally point for

(USAF) USAF

Elmendorf AFB, AF protected by extreme meteorological conditions;

(USAF) Provisional Operations Center, SAC
USMCRD Parris Island USMC garrison; refuses to abandon post

As the current state of military affairs changes on a day-to-day basis, this document will
be updated weekly for as long as practicable.

By order of the Secretary of the Army

John W. Casey, Jr
General, United States Army
Chief of Staff
DISTRIBUTION:
Active Army, USAR,USN; Active Air Force, USAFR, USANG; Active Navy, USNR: To be
distributed via electronic mail and active World Wide Web sites in accordance with DA
PAM
97-11-2

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