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GEROA
Gain e-
Reduced
Oxidizing agent
Oxidation States
Laws of Thermodynamics
the 4 most abundant gases in the earth’s atmosphere are:
SUMMARY :-
if the atom is bonded ( can say surrounded by ) to 4 THINGS ( no matter if ATOMS or LONE PAIRS ) then it's >>> sp3
if 3 THINGS >>> sp2
if 2 THINGS >>> sp
Physics
Instruments
Galvanometer
Generator
Transformer
Rectifier
Specific Heat vs Latent Heat
Specific heat: the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a
substance a certain amount.
o specific heat of water: 1 calorie/gram °C = 4.186 joule/gram °C
Latent heat: the amount of heat released during a change of state, i.e.
the boiling of water or the melting of ice.
Q = m · c · (Tf – Ti)
Here, m is equal to the amount of mass of the object, c is the objects specific heat capacity which is a
constant unique for every substance, the two Ts are the initial and final temperature and Q tells us how
much energy in Joules we need all together.
Q=P·t