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Introduction
Symbols
Relation hetween voltages and currents at the two ends of one span in the
douhle-line circuit
Similarly
(3)
Vc /'''''1
o \. , = Vel' - (Zel' - Z",.) Jel ,·
, , , ~ 0' • , • Ipl(Zm2J: Zg,l.J
Jd Z m3,1: - Zg,lJ + (1.01 Jp? le,l,) Zg,k
Zp1 k -Zr
circuit 1_ _ O~-----1D ", '~ I
K
0
!=irc:LliL.!.~ Ip1
Vp1,x
Zp2,k -Zg.k . 't 1T
i Ip2
Fig, 1
ZERO-SEQUElSCE CURRE"T DISTRIBUTIO" 225
It,/; =
RI,le
Ve,k+1
I e,k+1 = I e,k - -R--
I,le
I "
e,k-r-l
= I , _ VC,le _
e,!. R. , t(IpI Zm2,!:R,+ 'Ip2 Zm3,k) + I e,l,, RZe,1;t ,
L,It • ,1~ , ,ll
• VPI,le+~
V p2,1;+2
1=. I
0
0
1
0
0
Zpl,k
Zml,le
Zml,1;
Zml,k
-Zm2,r,
-Zm3,/;
I
• Vpl,le
V p2 ,1;
I
Ve,k+1 0 0 I Zm2,r, Zm3,/; -Zc.l; Ve,r;
IpI 0 0 0 1 0 0 Ip!
Ip2 0 0 1) 0 I 0 Ip2
(1 + ~e'k)
1 Zm2,1; Zm3,le
Ie,l;+l 0 0 --- Ic,k
...J L Ri.!; Ri,!; RI,!; t,I., ...J L ...J
(8)
Let
I
r Vpl,I'+l -I r Vpl,k
V p2,k+l V p2 ,k
V ,
e,k-rI Vc,,,
(El; + I) (E,,) =
IpI IpI
Ip2 Ip2
L Ie,le+l ...J le. le ...J
1
1
1
1 1
: ZP2,m-Z'g~
Fe€ding
Po.."1t.
______ JVp2. m :
1 I
Vp2.n~1: ·1
1
1 I
I I
1 1
Vc n+1: , I
l~::~-
I 1
~
1
Vc,n+1: ~ I
I ~ I
I ~ 1
I
I
I
I RI(n_l) Rll
I
1 Rtz Rt.3 I
1 Ri.m-l RI.m
I RFp I I I
I
I
I
I
l
1
1 ~ ____' I
1
1 1 I
I Zgn I Zg, Z'91 I Z92 1 Zgm
I I
I I I
I ) I I
I I I I
I nth Span I Span I
.1 1
:f 'I 1 I
When an earth fault occurs at a point hetween the feeding point and
the load, the zero sequence current in the sound conductor flows from the
feeding point to load while in the faulty conductor a part flo'ws from feeding
point to fault location, the other in the direction from load to fault location.
r -. r n -.
Vpl,l I -lpl ~ (Z;l,k - Z~,Tl)
71=1
V p2 ,1 ZFL(l p1 + lp2 - l el )
Vel,l ZFL(IPl + lp2 l el ) (11)
lp1 lp1
lp2 lp2
L le1 .J le1 ...J
ZERO·SEQUENCE CURRENT DISTRIBUTIOl'i 227
(E 2 ) (SI) (El)
(E3) (S3) (E 2 ) = (S2) (SI) (El)
(12)
Let
then
(13)
r -. .I I/-
-.I . Tl
-Jpl;E (Z;l,1l - Z~,T,)
-.
Vpl,n-'-l I y p1.n~ 1 I
I Tl=l
V p2 ,Tl-+-l I
T7
t p2.n+ 1 I ZFL(Ipl + J p2 - I el )
-':'7e,;;-+- 1
Ipl
=1 RFP(Je.T'
J pl
I e,lle.l) El I ZFL(Ipl Jp:? - IeJ
J pl
I Ip2 J p2
Ip2
L Ie,Tl-+-l ....J
I
L
T
lc.n~ 1
I
....J L In
I
..J
from \\-hich T/-pl,n-l" T/-p~,n+l are seen to be functions of IPl~ Jp'). and lCI taking
into account the multiplication: (STl) . (Sn-l)' .. (S3) . (S2) . (SI)' This latter
can be handled in case of a limited number of spans, but for long lines a
computer must he used.
Now all the elements of El are known. The yalues of currents and
yoltages can then be calculated for any desired span.
Conclusion
Summary
Calculations are made to generalize the method for evaluating the zero-sequence
current in single circuit to be used with the double circuit. The values of impedances in every
circuit are considered for lines whether self or mutual, fault impedance, ground return path
impedance, ground wire, tower footing and tower resistances.
The line is divided into spans and during normal conditions the relation between
voltages and currents at the two ends of the double line is calculated. A fault is considered
at a point on the line and the spans are arranged beginning from fault location. Values for
line voltage earth ,tire voltage, currents in both lines and ground wire current are obtained.
The results are written in a matrix form easy to be computed.
References
1. Yu, L. Y. :fti.: Determination of induced currents and voltages in earth wires during faults.
PROC, lEE, Yol. 120, No. 6, June 1973, pp. 689-696
2. NEVENSWANDER, JOHN, R.: Modern Power Systems. 1971
3. SEBO, STEPHEN A.: Zero sequence current distribution along transmission lines. LEEE
Transactions on power apparatus and systems. Yol. PAS-88, No. 6, June 1969, pp.
910-919
4. ENDRENYI, J.: Analysis of transmission tower potentials during ground faults. IEEE
Trans. on power apparatus and systems, Yol. PAS. 86, pp. 1274-1283 Oct. 1967