Precast/Prefabricated

Structures

Presented by
Nishant Kumar
 Contents

• Introduction
• Precasting/Prefabrication
• Precast components
• Precast construction system
• Connection of precast components
 Introduction

Building construction is an ancient human activity. It

began with the purely functional need for a controlled
environment to moderate the effects of climate.
Constructed shelters were one means by which human
beings were able to adapt themselves to a wide variety
of climates and become a global species
 Precasting/Prefabrication

• Prefabrication is the process of assembling components of a

structure in a factory or other manufacturing site and transporting
these complete or sub assemblies to the construction site.
• The work is carried out in two stages.
1. Casting, curing
2. Transportation and erection in process
Casting Curing
Transportation Erection
Concept of Precasting
1. Producing large quantity of structure and shipping them to
site
2. Independent of weather condition
3. Hardened before being used on site
4. Casted according to the required size and shape
5. Casted in the factory conditions or controlled weather
6. Casted in the moulds
Precast Components

• Precast beams
1. Internal beams
• support for the slab on the both sides
• Used Internally
2. External beams
• Support for the slab only in one side
• Used on the edges of structure.
 Precast Components
• Precast beams • Precast beams
1. Internal beams 2. External beams
Precast Components

• Precast column
1. Edge Column
edge column can support 3 beams
2. Internal Column
internal column can support 4 beams
3. Corner column
corner column can support 2 beams
• Precast column
 Precast Components
• Precast Slab
1. Hollow cored slab
2. Solid plate slab
2. Double tee slab
3. Single tee slab
 Precast Components
• Precast Slab
 Precast Construction System
1. Large panel system(fig.1)
2. Frame system(fig.2)
3. Slab column system(fig.3)

Fig.(1) Fig.(2) Fig.(3)

Connection between precast
components
There are three types of connection to
connect precast component with each other.

1. Column to column connection.

2. Beam to column connection.
3. Slab to beam connection.
Column to column connection
Metal bearing plates and embedded anchor bolts are cast into the ends of the columns.
After the columns are mechanically joined, the connection is grouted to provide full
bearing between elements and protect the metal components from fire and corrosion.
Beam to column connection
Beams are set on bearing pads on the column corbels. Steel angles are welded to metal
plates cast into the beams and columns and the joint is grouted solid.
Slab to beam connection
Hollow core slabs are set on bearing pads on precast beams. Steel reinforcing bars are
in inserted into the slab keyways to span the joint. The joint is grouted solid. The slab
may remain untopped as shown, or topped with several inches of cast in place concrete
Slab to beam connection
Why precast not cast in situ ?
• Quality can be controlled and monitored much more easily
• Weather is eliminated as a factor-you can cast in any
weather and get the same results
• Less labour is required and that labour can be less skilled
• On site, precast can be installed immediately
• The precast structures can be dismantled, when required
and they can then be suitably used elsewhere.
Thank you
Presented by

Nishant Kumar
10BTD5010317