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Situation: Clearly and briefly define the situation. For example, ‘Mr. Jones has multiple
prescriptions of Coumadin in his home and he is unclear as to which ones he is supposed to
take.’
Background: Provide clear, relevant background information that relates to the situation.
In the example above, you should consider including the patient’s diagnosis, the prescribing
physicians, and the dates and dosages of the medications.
It was introduced to rapid response teams (RRT) at Kaiser Permanente in Colorado in 2002 to
investigate patient safety.
SBAR (Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation)
Situation
determines what is going on and why health care professionals are needed.
Identify the problem and concern and provide a brief description of it.
Be able to describe what is going on with the patient and why they are experiencing what
is going on.
During this stage of the communication the main goal is to communicate what is
happening.
It is recommended that this element be brief and last no more than 10
seconds.
Note!!!!! It is recommended that health care professionals identify the person with whom they
are speaking, to introduce oneself (including title or role) and where one is calling from.
Effects of use
Using the SBAR communication model provides for more effective and
enhanced family and patient outcomes on pediatric units.
Using SBAR when producing bedside reports increases patient and family satisfaction
and also increases their level of comfort when dealing with outlying situations.
SBAR also allows nurses to be more effective when giving reports outside of the
patients room.
SBAR is a model used in communication that standardizes information to be given and
lessons on communication variability, making report concise, objective and relevant.
SBAR is that it allows patients to have the time to ask any questions that they might
have, and allows patients to gain exact knowledge of information related to their plan
of care.
SBAR allows patients to be fully aware of whom their nurse is on every shift and this
adds to the patients sense of comfort knowing that there will always be someone around
looking after them during shift change.
SBAR use has not only improved the relationship between the doctors and the nurses but
has also had a dramatic increase of overall health of patients.
This led to a decrease in hospitalizations and deaths which efficiently improved
communication between the nurse and doctor, which also led to a reduction of
unexpected deaths. The problem between the communication between nurses and doctors
is that the levels of teamwork and interaction are different therefore causing ineffective
communication
SBAR has been used in quality improvement projects that have looked at ways of
avoiding hospitalizations.