AEROBIC GYMNASTICS GYMNASTICS DIFFERENCES WITH

ZUMBA
THE IMPROVEMENT IN STUDENTS physiotherapy VO2max Aisyiyah
UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA

Abstract
Lack of physical activity can lower the fitness and freshness jasmani.menurunnya
fitness and physical fitness, one would easily get tired of doing the job day - day.
in Indonesia (according mukti F, A.2014) national keberhasilanolahraga index
measurement, the result of physical fitness level in Indonesia is 4.07% for the
category .It means more than 95% of Indonesian society fitness condition is not
good, or even very bad. (According to Annas, M.2014) prevalence pjkr student
fitness levels showed 36 (12%) fall into the category of less once, 78 (26%) less
category, 93 (31%) medium category, 69 (23%) either category, 21 (7%) less
category yet. It can be concluded that the fitness level of students in a category
sedang.menurunnya PJKR fitness can lead to a decrease in VO2max. VO2max is
an important contributing factor in the resilience of the body The aim in this study
to determine differences zumba aerobics with exercises to increase Vo2 Max in
physiotherapy university students Aisyiyah Yogyakarta. Has conducted research
with the design of pre-test and post-test design with control samples of formula
group.pengambilan Pocock with the results of 32 people who fall into categories
using submaximal cycle ergometer test. The samples were divided into 2 groups
selected at random. Group 1 was treated gymnastics aerobikdan 2 as a control
group gets treated zumba exercise. Treatment was given for 8 weeks, a frequency
of 3 times / week, 60 minutes / session at the 1st floor of building A campus
Aisyiyah Yogyakarta. The analysis showed before and after aerobic treatment
using paired t-test with the results of VO2 max value of p = 0.002 (p <0.05).
Different test before and after exercise zumba using paired t-test with the results
of VO2 max values and the value of p = 0.001 (p <0.05). Different test after
treatment zumba aerobics and gymnastics using Independent t-tests for VO2 max
value of p = 0.460 (p> 0.05), which means more aerobic exercise increases
VO2max levels in gymnastics sengan compare zumba. It is concluded that aerobic
exercise is proven better than zumba exercise in enhancing VO2 max in
physiotherapy student Aisyiyah Yogyakarta.

Keywords: fitness, VO2max, aerobics, gymnastics zumba

 PART I
PRELIMINARY

A. Background
Lack of physical activity can result in decreased Centre or physical fitness, lack of
physical activity can lower the fitness and freshness jasmani.menurunnya fitness
and physical fitness, one would easily get tired of doing the job day - day.
According to Macera, A, C.et, al.2005. prevalence data based on 35 countries with
physical activity data indicate that the prevalence of physical activity and keburan
slowly continued to decline (25.1% in 2002). In Indonesia (according mukti F,
A.2014) national keberhasilanolahraga index measurement, the result is a level of
physical fitness Indonesia 4.07% for the category .It means more than 95% of
Indonesian society fitness condition is not good, or even very bad. (According to
Annas, M.2014) prevalence pjkr student fitness levels showed 36 (12%) fall into
the category of less once, 78 (26%) less category, 93 (31%) medium category, 69
(23%) either category, 21 (7%) less category yet. It can be concluded that the
fitness level of students in a category sedang.menurunnya PJKR fitness can lead
to a decrease in VO2max. According to Charles J, et al., (2011) find journal
College is a time of great change for young adults. One of the most important
decisions at the time of college students is how to incorporate physical activity
into lifestyle sibuk.Bagi the students, especially in the field of health improvement
of VO2max is in need because their activities are very dense and health must be
maintained so stamina should remain unfulfilled, so the fitness, health and
stamina should be maintained so that the need to restore the activity of an increase
in VO2max. (According to Nugroho S.2008.) A high VO2max values indicate
heart lung endurance quality is good, the maximum amount of oxygen that can be
consumed in units Ml / kg / minute, the body's ability both in providing oxygen
during physical activity so that the body's ability for activities will be
besar.peningkatan VO2max can return to sports activities such as gymnastics is a
popular senam.salah the current students are aerobics and gymnastics
zumba.menurut Dr. Govt, C, S.2015 do aerobic exercises include exercises
involving 5 to 10 minutes of warm up followed by 30 minutes of step aerobics,
rhythmic fast and ends with a 5 to 10 minute cooling step aerobics
lambat.Menurut (Giriwijoyo & Sidik, 2013) in yoga Handita windiastoni 2014)
aerobic Gymnastics belong to the group of aerobic exercise, aerobic exercise is a
sport where the most important health. Aerobics is an exercise that incorporates a
wide range of motion, rhythmic, orderly and purposeful and vigorous nature.
Aerobics have categories based movement, namely the rapid movement (high
impact) and the slow movement (low impact). Aerobics slow motion (low impact)
is more widely used by the general public and sedentary. High impact movement
has a typical fast rhythm of the music with the accompaniment of dynamic
movement of the body fast while the low impact movements adapted to a dynamic
body movements to the rhythm of the music is slow, Gymnastics Aerobic exercise
has a balanced structure between exercises the upper and lower limbs. So that
aerobics is an exercise that moves all the muscles, especially the large muscles
with continuous movement, rhythmic, increased and sustainable. According
Caylan, H, et, al.2014 step aerobics and aerobic dancing group participated in 45-
minute sessions per day, 3 days a week for 8 weeks with 60-70 percent of heart
rate reserve. then according to Sanders, E, M.2012Zumba Fitness is a global
lifestyle types that include fitness, entertainment and culture into the dance. which
combines Latin and international movements with dance rhythms to create
terjaga.hasil fitness in the body of the zumba movement integrates the basic
components like the cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength and endurance,
flexibility, balance and dynamic dance-based workout.

Ar-Riyadhah Allah says in Surah Al-Qur'an Anfal verse 60:

‫وأعدوا لهم ما استطعتم من قوة ومن رباط الخيل ترهبون به عدو هللا‬
‫وعدوكم وآخرين من دونهم ال تعلمونهم هللا يعلمهم وما تنفقوا من‬
‫وعدوكم وآخرين من دونهم ال تعلمونهم هللا يعلمهم وما تنفقوا من‬

And prepare against them whatever you are able of and of horses tethered to hold
(which is the preparation that) you may terrify the enemy of Allah and your
enemy and others besides them whom you do not know, but Allah knows.
Whatever ye shall spend in the cause of Allah, shall be repaid unto you, and ye
shall not be wronged. (8: 60)

Meaning that we can take in the verse of the Qur'an that:

we as Muslims should always be prepared to face the enemy of God and to deter
enemies Allah.Berhubungan with this research is that we need a physical force in
the form of physical fitness and endurance were very tinggi.kebugaran and
physical strength are needed for facing the enemy -musuh dengankekuatan
Allah.siapkanlah against them whatever you are able of and of horses
yangditambat for war (which the preparation of it) kamumenggentarkan enemies
should be good Allah.Maka Physiotherapy, or
Vo2maxs decrease patient makes an effort to improve themselves so that the body
is always in shape. in this study, researchers chose two exercises to compare the
sensitivity and effectiveness in improving aerobics with exercises Vo2Max.yaitu
zumba.Dari above background, the authors are interested in doing research
difference zumba aerobics with exercises to increase VO2max.

B. Problem Formulation
1. Is there any effect of aerobic exercise to increase VO2max?
2. Is there a zumba exercise influence on the increase in VO2max?
3. Is there a difference zumba aerobics with exercises to increase
VO2max?

C. The purpose of the study

1. General Purpose
Knowing the difference zumba aerobics with exercises to increase VO2max

2. Special Purpose
a. Knowing the effect of aerobic exercise to increase VO2max
b. Knowing zumba exercise influence on the increase in VO2max

D. Benefits Research
1. The results of these studies in the form of information about the differences
zumba aerobics with exercises to increase VO2max.
2. For patients
patients can know and practice itself Without physiotherapy, how these exercises.
in order to restore the increase VO2max so patients can work with more fit every
day.
3. For institutions
Can provide information and benefits to institutions educational institutions,
especially health and sports to further develop knowledge and disseminate
information about the differences zumba aerobics with exercises to increase
VO2max.
4. For the people
To introduce the role of physiotherapy in the field .And to provide and
disseminate information to the public, about the decline of VO2max.
5. For Professionals
Gain knowledge and increase knowledge about the differences zumba aerobics
with exercises to increase VO2max. And is expected to implement and develop it
with full knowledge
responsibility as a physiotherapist.

E. The scope of research

1. Scope of material
The scope of this research is about the cardiorespiratory, namely a decrease in
VO2max, endurance fitness interference danseputar aerobic exercise, then
exercise zumba.
2. The subject of research
the study population are university students physiotherapy Aisyiyah yogyakarta
decreased VO2max numbering .... people taken by ...., which meet the criteria ..
3. Scope of time
Research conducted on November 2, 2016 to January 2
4. Scope place
Research carried out in an integrated campus building A Aisyiyah University of
Yogyakarta

F. Authenticity Research

Several Indonesian research associated with providing aerobic exercise to increase

VO2max and zumba exercise provision for an increase in VO2max.

1. Andre Gunawan, Hedison Polii, Damajanty H. C. Pengemanan

E-Biomedical Journals (EBM), Volume 3, Number 1 January-April 2015 zumba
exercise influence on cardiorespiratory fitness in medico force Sam Ratulangi
University, 2014.
2. Betty Jeane Jusuf Kurnia effect of aerobic exercise on the physical fitness level
of class VII student daughter kartika X11-1 Mertoyudan Magelang

3. Nawan Primasoni, M. Or Effects of Aerobic Exercise Endurance Students

Against VO²Max SSO Realmadrid Foundation Yogyakarta

4. Muchammad Maqsalminapenngaruh aerobic exercise to changes in VO2max

school students Semarang Young monument football aged 12-14 years.

5. Diamond watulingas, Jornan.J.V.Rampengan, Hedison Polii e-Biomedical

Journals (EBM), Volume 1, Number 2, July 2013 1064 effect of aerobic exercise
on VO2max in male students with more weight (overweight)

In addition to the penilitian-sourced research in Indonesia

mentioned above, there is also some research on the effects of aerobics and zumba
exercises to increase VO2max of
abroad, which is mentioned as follows:

1. Wei, J Aerobics Fitness 2016, 1: 1 experimental study on aerobics teaching

models based on cognitive flexibility theory
2. Deborah A. Riebe, Ph.D., FACSM group exercise instruction more than aerobic
dance ACSM's health & fitness journal A vol.16. 6 | ww.acsm-healthfitness.org
3. Koutlianos N1, Dimitros E1, Metaxas T2, Deligiannis AS1, Kouidi E1Indirect
estimation of VO2max in athletes by ACSM's equation: valid or not? 1Sports
Laboratory Medicine, 2Laboratory of Ergophysiology-Ergometry, Department of
Physical Education & Sport Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki,
Thermi, Greece.
4. Karadkhedkar S *, ND Somwanshi effect of aerobic training on VO2max and
other physiological parameters of working women in the Indian Journal of
Clinical Anatomy and Physiology, April - June 2015; 2 (2): 105-107
5. Mary E. Sanders, Ph.D., FACSM, RCEP and Joy Prouty a zumba fitness is gold
for all ages VOL. 16 / NO. 2 ACSM's HEALTH & FITNESS JOURNAL
 CHAPTER II
LITERATURE REVIEW

A. Theoretical Description

1. a. DefinisiVo2Max

According Thoden in Suranto module (2008: 118) VO2max is the maximal

aerobic power capture illustrates the maximum amount of oxygen consumed per
unit of time by a person during exercise or test, to exercise more and more severe
until exhaustion, its size is called VO2max. Volume O2 max is a body's ability
level expressed in liters per minute or milliliter / min / kg body weight. Every cell
in the human body needs oxygen to convert food into ATP (adenosine
triphosphate) which is ready to be used for each job most small cells consume
oxygen in the muscle is at rest. Contracting muscle cells requires a lot of ATP. As
a result, the muscles used in exercise needs more oxygen and produces CO2.
(Swedasi 2007) VO2 max is generally used as an indicator to determine aerobic
capacity, where the aerobic capacity will be strongly associated with
cardiovascular and respiratory system in the business of supplying oxygen and the
ability to use the oxygen in the body. Measurement of VO2 max requires an
exercise in progressive intensity. (Bernard, 2006) VO2 max is the maximum
oxygen penggambilan. VO2 max is determined to measure the durability of the
heart and lungs, where a way to estimate VO2 max of maximum intensity exercise
is considered the most accurate. VO2 max measurements require analysis of
expiration, the air collected during exercise in progressive intensity.

b. Factors - factors affecting the decrease in VO2max

include (Burhanuddin Sadly, 2015):
1). Age
2). Exercise
3). Altitude somewhere (O2 content)

4). Psychological factors such as

a). The ability of muscle tissue to use oxygen in the body's energy production
process.
b). The ability of the nervous system of the heart and lungs (cardiovascular) for
transporting oxygen k edalam muscle tissue
c. How to Train VO2 Max

To train your VO2 max, there are some things that must be considered, the
exercise should use the large muscles of the body intensively (continuous) in a
relatively long duration. A good exercise to increase VO2 max is a type of cardio
or aerobic exercise, exercise that boost heart rate, lung and muscle system.
Exercise must take place within a relatively long duration but with moderate
intensity. Some studies show that increasing the VO2 max can exercise at an
intensity heart rate 65% to 85% of maximum heart rate, for at least 20 minutes, 3-
5 times a week frequency (French & Long, 2012)

d. Cardiovascular responses terhadaplatihan

According to (Powers & Howley, 2012). Physiology body responds to the episode
of aerobic exercise and the exercise of prisoners that occurred in the
musculoskeletal system, cardiovascular, respiratory, endocrine and immune
systems. These responses have been studied in controlled laboratory so that
loading exercises can be in the regulations appropriately and physiological
responses were observed carefully main function of the cardiovascular system and
respiration is to supply oxygen and nutrients to the body's needs, disposing of
carbon dioxide and metabolic waste products of other, maintain maintain body
temperature and acid base balance as well as the transport of hormones of the
endocrine glands to target organs.
To be effective and efficient, the cardiovascular system should be able to respond
to an increase in skeletal muscle activity. The work rate is lower is a relatively
small requirement on the cardiovascular and respiratory systems, if the rate
increased muscle work, both systems until it will reach maximum capacity to
meet the body's needs. The cardiovascular system consists of the heart, arteries,
veins and blood respond to the increasing needs of the practice. Cardiovascular
response to exercise is directly proportional to need skeletal muscle oxygen at
each work rate and oxygen uptake (VO2) increases linearly with the increase in
the pace of work

e. Against VO2 Max Exercise Physiology

Participation in regular aerobic exercise program increases
cardiovascular system's ability to send blood to the working muscles and increase
the capacity of muscles to produce energy aerobically. Most tissues and organ
systems are affected directly or indirectly by the exercise program. VO2 max
associated with the functional capacity of the cardiovascular system to send blood
to the working muscles during maximal and supramaximal work to maintain an
average arterial blood pressure. VO2 max or maximal aerobic power is the
resulting size of the capacity of the cardiovascular system to deliver oxygenated
blood to the large amount of muscle mass involved in the work of dynamic
(Powers and Howley, 2012). Oxygen absorption is the product of blood flow
(cardiac output) and systemic oxygen extraction (arteriovenous oxygen
difference), changes in VO2 max will result in a change in the number of
variables in the equation max VO2 max = HR x SV max X (a-v O2) max. In
general, the heart rate will be the same or decrease with aerobic exercise. The
increase in VO2 max is divided between an increase in stroke volume and the
difference a-v O2 systemic.

1). components Biomotor

Biomotor is the ability of human motion is affected by the condition and

muskoloskeletal neuromuscular system, respiration, digestion, circulation and
energy. Components biomotor according Sukadiyanto & Muluk (2011) are
affected by energy fitness includes anaerobic and aerobic capacity-muscle fitness.
The basic components are the main biomotor include endurance, strength and
speed, while the components biomotor which is the main supplement comprised
of flexibility and coordination.

2). Durability / endurance

Durability is the capability of a muscle or group of muscles in a certain period of

time without experiencing significant fatigue. Factors affecting the resistance is
maximum ability in meeting the oxygen consumption characterized by VO2 max,
the nervous system, motivation, aerobic-anaerobic capacity, backup speed, dose
of exercise, heredity, age and gender (Sukadiyanto & Muluk, 2011). Durability
grouped by type, duration and energy systems are used. Durability according to
the type of endurance consisting of general and special endurance. General
endurance is the ability to do work involving all muscle groups of the body, the
nervous system and the cardiorespiratory system in the long term. While special
endurance involves only local muscle group.

3). Power

Strength is the ability of a muscle or group of muscles against load or detention.

The level of muscle strength influenced the state of muscle length, muscle mass,
distance load fulcrum, fatigue, muscle fiber types, techniques and ability of
muscle contraction. General strength is the ability of the entire system of muscles
to contract against resistance or load. While the special power is the ability of a
group of muscles that is required in certain specific activities. Each administration
will exercise an impact and physiological responses of muscle strength in the form
of muscle innervation adaptation, hypertrophy, increase muscular endurance,
cardiovascular adaptations, changes in biochemical and muscle composition
(Sukadiyanto & Muluk, 2011).
4). Speed

Speed is the ability of muscles to respond to stimuli in the shortest time possible.
Speed is the ratio between the distance and time that is always associated with the
reaction time, the frequency of movement per unit time and speed a certain
distance. The speed of reaction is a person's ability to respond to stimuli in the
shortest time possible. While the velocity of the ability of someone doing special
is the ability to coordinate movement of a limb simultaneously.

2. Definition of Aerobic Gymnastics

(According Hanum 2008) .Latihan aerobics is an activity in which the
implementation should be routine with the use of oxygen as essential elements to
forge physical fitness. In order to affect the durability of the heart, circulatory and
respiratory. Functioning in the main distribution when the combustion in the
processing of food substances that can produce energy or power of human labor
needed for day - day. (Burke 2006) mentions that aerobic exercise is a physical
activity to achieve freshness, health care for the perpetrators. If done gradually
and continuously adjusted for age, sex and the need to use a tool or not. Aerobic
exercise is an activity in which the implementation should be routine with the use
of oxygen as essential elements to forge In the physical fitness aerobic exercise
oxygen system is a source of energy
The predominant. These exercises stimulate the heart, blood vessels and lungs.
The heart will pump blood more strongly and more with diminishing rate. As a
result, the blood supply is distributed throughout the body tissues and increases
overall blood volume increases. At the same time the lung will process more air
bnyak with smaller businesses (Ehrich, 2008). Effects of aerobic exercise
cardiorespiratory fitness. The exercise is able to improve decision
oxygen and pulse rate will be lower at rest and activity. With aerobic exercise can
improve cardiorespiratory endurance (Media Indonesia, 2013)

f. Defisi gymnastics zumba

"Zumba" comes from the words of the language of Colombia, which means fun
and fast-moving. Gymnastics Zumba is a series of cardiovascular movement fun
and easy to follow, with music. This dance-based aerobics accompanied by a
combination of Latin and international music with a fast beat and being.

g. Zumba movement
Zumba movements may seem relaxed, but still was not done randomly. Portions
motion adopted by this sport; 70% and 30% fitness dance. While doing Zumba,
we will not be taught first movement, but directly follow the movements of the
instructor. It need not be a problem because the most important thing is Zumba
music.Karena enjoy the dance form, moreover, carried out at least for one hour, at
most movement in dance Zumba is a cardio. Such as jump, twist, move quickly,
and so forth. In addition to cardio, Zumba dance is also combined with the
movement of tightening of the muscles of the body, such as the abdominals, back,
thighs, calves, and pectoralis. Zumba movements focused on the hips, waist, and
legs so great for the formation of posture and body curves. In the end hollow body
posture and good will make us become more self diri.Semua movements in
Zumba dance done fast, powerful, and high pressure, causing contraction and
strain of the muscles. Not only burn fat and heart healthy, zumba dance movement
also can improve balance and flexibility.

h. Total Calories Burned

When practicing zumba dance a person will sweat more, this indicates more
calorie burning occurs. Within an hour of zumba motion, will burn approximately
1,000 calories (depending on weight). This exercise is certainly better than other
sports such as jogging only burn 650 kalori.Zumba dance can also be an
alternative to burning fat after a party, for example. even if it is used as a weight
loss therapy, practicing Zumba three times a week, in one month can go down
three kilograms. Or it could be the case, the weight of people do not drop
drastically, but the circumference of the body will berkurang.Yang Keep Prepared
For Practicing Zumba For starters, when they want to do this dance zumba should
consider several things, such as go to the doctor before exercising , drink lots of
water to keep your body awake from dehydration during practice, and if you feel
dizzy or short of breath should take a break-rehearsed back after recovering.
1) Apparel
When practicing Zumba should wear comfortable clothing; sports clothes are nice
and supple. Can be a shirt or special clothing for gymnastics. Can also wear
clothes that open in the abdominal area to facilitate the monitoring whether the
abdominal muscles to work optimally or not.
2) Shoes
In addition to clothing, wear comfortable shoes to avoid knee injuries. Wearing
the right shoes can also be used so that any movement can be done to the fullest
without fear of slipping.
3) Special Equipment
In a Zumba class specific categories, such as Zumba Toning using dumble. Being
on Zumba SENTAO use a chair while exercising.

i. benefits of Zumba
1) Tightening Body
During Zumba, muscle will be more driven which is a blend of regular exercise
fitness movement with the squat and lunge.
2) Make More Diligent Gymnastics
Zumba movement fun challenge many sports participants, especially women to
stay motivated and follow the movements well.
3) Reduce Weight
For maximum results, you should do Zumba as much as 4-5 times per week.
However, if only to maintain stamina Zumba dance is carried out for 2 -3 times
per week.
4) Overcoming Stress
Zumba movements that are active in reducing levels of stress hormones. Unlike
other sports, Zumba stimulate endorphins that make us feel happier. Aktioksidan
the body was accelerated so indirectly, Zumba is also good as anti-aging.
5) Social Interactions Enlarge
Zumba regularly attend classes necessarily make will meet many people. There
are a lot of friendship started from Zumba class, Can Do All UmurZumba another
branch called Zumba tonics intended for children aged from 4 to 12 years.
Movement taught more to improve the elasticity of the body, making children
active moving in a fun way so that the body becomes healthier. Zumba moderate
exercisers can generally be done by teenagers to Kaken grandmother. There was
even a member of the 84-year-old Zuma.
j. hypothesis
1. There is the effect of aerobic exercise to increase VO2max to college students
Aisyiyah yogyakarta
2. There is a zumba exercise influence on the increase in VO2max in college
students Aisyiyah yogyakarta
3. There is a difference between the exercise zumba aerobics to mahaiswa
Aisyiyah University of Yogyakarta
 CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHODS

A. Study Design

This study randomized design with pre-test and post-test group design that aims to
compare the ratio of six aerobic exercise zumbaterhadap increase in VO2max in
Student fisioterpi Aisyiyah Yogyakarta university. In this study, using two groups,
the first group who received treatment aerobikdan gymnastics group II who
received treatment zumba exercise. Both groups are measured using instruments
such research is test six minute walking test.

Then, after both groups received therapy treatment for 4 weeks, VO2max levels
was measured again using the test submaximal cycle ergometer test. Thus
obtained results will then be compared, VO2max levels between groups I and
group II.

B. Research Variables

1. The independent variable is the independent variable is the

cause changes or the emergence of the dependent variable, independent variables
in the study are aerobics and gymnastics zumba
2. The dependent variable is a variable dependent or influenced
by free or independent variables. The dependent variable in the study
This is an increase in VO2max

C. Definition of Operational Research

D. Population and Sample
1. Population is the subject of targets used
as sampling the subject of research, with the quality and characteristics
that fall into the categories of research that has been determined, to then be
deduced by researchers.
2. sample
The sample is part of a population that represents to be
research subjects.
E. Research Ethics
Researchers as those who need the information, it must keep
good relationship with the studied subject, because the subject under study
a source of information for researchers. It has been compulsory for researchers to
respect, appreciate the subject of research, and attention to ethics
research, which will be described as follows:
1. Informed Consent
The research subjects, previously informed of the intent, purpose,
the benefits and impact of the action is given. Then
researchers conducted a medical consent form informed consent
containing sheet statement of consent or permission of patients
given freely, rationally, without coercion. sheets approval
which has been signed is a form of affirmation of what
sebelumnya.Selain agreed that research done should not be
harming the patient, therefore, to pay attention to research ethics.
2. Anomity
Anonimity is the ethics of research where researchers are not
include the name of the respondent on a sheet measuring devices, but only

write code in data collection sheets. The code used

in the form of a roman numeral.
3. Confidentiality
Is the ethics of research, where researchers provide guarantees
confidentiality of information gathered from the studied subject.
All information collected will be used for the benefit
research, and only certain groups of data are presented as
research result.

F. Tools and Data Collection Methods

The tools used in this study include:

a. Submaximal cycle ergometer test
b. Koos blank votes to filter research subjects

G. Methods of data collection

in this study, with melakukanpenilaian in patients. As for the assessment

mencangkuppeningkatan Rate increase VO2max VO2max measured by a six
minute walking test.

H. Method of Data Processing and Data Analysis

The data have been collected do rechecking
then the processing is done in several stages as follows:
a. editing
Editing or edit data, intended to evaluate
completeness, and conformance criteria konsistesi necessary data
to test the hypothesis or answer the research objectives. on stage
The researchers checked the data.
b. coding
Coding or encode the data is a method for
converts the data gathered during research into
symbols which are suitable for the analysis of the results of observations
which is conducted.
c. Data entry
Data Entry, is a process of entering data into
computer application using SPSS. On
this study, researchers used SPSS Statistics 17.0 for Windows release.
d. Tabulating
Tabulating (tabulation), the process
classifying the data according to certain set criteria in order to obtain
the frequency of each item observed. These tabulations
aims to simplify the process of hypothesis testing.
 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Caroline A. Macera, PhD, Sandra A. Ham, MS, Michelle M. Yore, MSPH,

Deborah A. Jones, PhD,
Barbara E. Ainsworth, PhD, MPH, C. Dexter Kimsey, PhD, MSEH, Harold W.
Kohl III, PhD Caroline A. Macera, PhD, Sandra A. Ham, MS, Michelle M. Yore,
MSPH, Deborah A. Jones, PhD,
Barbara E. Ainsworth, PhD, MPH, C. Dexter Kimsey, PhD, MSEH, Harold W.
Kohl III, PhD

anggi fauzi mukti,2014 profil kebugaran jasmani dilihat dari indeks masa tubuh di
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Tahan Aerobik (VO2 Max) Mahasiswa PKO Fakultas Keolahragaan Universitas
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RESEARCH ARTICLE Indian Journal of Clinical Anatomy and Physiology,

April –June 2015;2(2):105-107 RESEARCH ARTICLEIndian Journal of Clinical
Anatomy and Physiology, April –June 2015;2(2):105-107 105EFFECT OF
AEROBIC TRAINING ON VO2 MAX AND OTHER PHYSIOLOGICAL
PARAMETERS IN WORKING WOMEN Karadkhedkar S*,Somwanshi
NDDept. of Physiology,
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2014 AQUATIC AEROBICS EXERCISE LEBIH MENINGKATKAN VO2 MAX
DAN DAYA TAHAN OTOT QUADRICEPS FEMORIS DIBANDING LAND-
BASED AEROBICS EXERCISE PADA INDIVIDU OVERWEIGHT DAN
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Mary E. Sanders, Ph.D., FACSM, RCEP and Joy Prouty Copyright © 2012
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lipidsHalil İbrahim Ceylan1Gönül Babayiğit İrez2Özcan Saygın

Volume: 11 Issue: 2 Year: 2014Examining of the effects of aerobic dance and
step dance
exercises on some hematological parameters and blood

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