Form 2 - Chapter 5 - WATER AND SOLUTION 5.

2 The composition of water

5.1 Physical characteristics of water 3. Diagram 2 shows the electrolysis of water.
1. Diagram 1 shows the changes in the state of water.

Diagram 1

On diagram 1, label the matter and process using the following words.
Freezing Condensing Solid Evaporating
Gas Liquid Boiling Melting On diagram 2, fill in the blanks using the following words.
Cathode positive water Oxygen
2. Fill in the blank using the word from the box given. Hydrogen Sulphuric acid Anode negative
solid 7 liquid 1
4. Diagram 4 shows the making of a cup of hot coffee.
colourless three freezes gas

(a) Water can exist in …………………………… states.

(b) An ice cube is water in the ………………… state.
(c) Steam is water in the ……………………. state. Diagram 4
(d) We drink water in the ………………….. state. Based on diagram 4, determine the solute, solvent and solution in the hot coffee.
(e ) Liquid water …………………. to form ice. a. Solute : ……………………………
(f ) Water is …………………. tasteless and neutral. b. Solvent : ……………………………
(g) The pH value of pure water is …………… c. Solution: ……………………………
(h) The density of water is ……………… g/cm3. 6. Diagram 6 shows methods of purification.
5.3 Solution and Solubility On diagram 6, name the method and label the apparatus used for each picture using the
following words.
3. Diagram 3 shows the process of making a solution.
x

z
y
Diagram 3
On diagram 3, label the substances using the following words. Thermometer Filter funnel Conical flask Filtration
Solute Solvent Solution Round bottom flask Distillation Measuring cylinder
5. Diagram 5 shows three beakers containing solutions and their types. 2. Diagram 2 shows an activity conducted to determine the freezing point and
Draw lines to show the correct match between the solution in the beakers and their types. the boiling point of water.

Diagram 2
(a) What happens when salt is added to the ice cubes in A?
………………………………………………………………………………………
5.3 Evaporation [1 mark]
5. Diagram 3 shows an experiment to study the effect of humidity on evaporation. (b) What is the function of the glass tube in B?
………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
(c) State the temperature of water in A when it begins to freeze.
………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
(d) State the temperature of water in B when it begins to boil.
(a) What is the function of the anhydrous calcium chloride? ………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………… [1 mark] [1 mark]
(c) Name another chemical substance that can be used to replace the anhydrous (e) What is the change in the state of matter when water
calcium chloride. ………………………….………………………………………. (i) freezes:
[1 mark] ………………………………………………………………………………
(d) Why is the beaker containing water placed in the bell jar P?
(ii) boils:
………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark] ……………………………………………………………………………
(e) What would be observed in bell jar P and bell jar Q after one hour? Why? [2 marks]
……………………………………………………………………………………… (f) What happens to the motion of water molecules when water
[2 marks] (i) freezes:
(f) State two other factors that influence the rate of evaporation. ……………………………………………………………………………
(i) ……………………………………………………………………… (ii) boils:
(ii) ……………………………………………………………………… ………….…………………………………………………………………
[2 marks] [2 marks]
1. Diagram 1 shows the apparatus used in the …………………. of water.

(a) Give the title for the diagram above.

(b) Suggest one example of substance Z.
………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
(c) Which of the two carbon rods function as the negative electrode?
………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]
(e) When the circuit is switched on, some gas is collected in each test tube.
(i) What is the gas collected in test tube P?
………………………………………………………………………………………
(ii) Suggest one way to identify the gas collected in test tube P.
………………………………………………………………………………………
(iii) What is the gas collected in test tube Q?
………………………………………………………………………………………
(iv) Suggest a way to identify the gas collected in test tube Q.
………………………………………………………………………………………
[4 marks]
(f) State the expected ratio of the volume of the gas collected in test tube Q to
the volume of the gas collected in test tube P.
……………………. ………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]