FLUID FLOW

Q1:What is fluid
Ans: fluids are the substance which are capable of flowing and which conform to
the shape of containing vessel.
Q2: what is ideal fluid
Ans: it is a fluid which does not offer resistance to flow / deformation / change in
shape i.e it has no viscosity. In actual , an ideal fluid does not exist.
Q3: what is real fluid
Ans: which offers resistance when it is set in motion. All naturally occurring fluids
are real fluids.
Q4: Newtonian fluid
Ans: which obey newtons law of viscosity.
Q5: what is newtons law of viscosity
Ans: £ = u dv/dy
Where
£ = shear strees
U = coeff. Of viscosity
dv/dy = velocity geadient
Q6: what is viscosity
Ans : viscosity is defined as the property of fluid which is resistance to flow.
Q7: compressible fluid
Ans: A fluid of which the density is sensitive to the change in temp. and pressure.
Q8: Incompressible fluid
Ans: If density is not appreciably change w.r.to temp. and pressure than fluid in
incompressible fluid.
Q9: Manometer
Ans: The simplest pressure measuring devices and they are used for measuring
both low and high pressure or pressure differences.
Q10: The common types of manometer
Ans : U tube manometer.
Q11: Laminar flow or streamline flow.
Ans: The flow in which lines laminar separated from one another over entire
length is called laminar flow .it is also called streamline or viscous flow.
Q12:Steady flow
Ans: the flow is steady when it does not vary with time i.e flow, temp and
pressure independent of time.
Q13: Unsteady flow
Ans : when all the quantities vary with time.
Q14: Pascals law
Ans The intensity of pressure at any point in fluid at rest in same in all the
direction.
Q15: Equation of continuity.
Ans: A1V1 = A2V2
Q16: Bernoulli’s equation.
Ans: Z1 + P1/W + V12/2g = Z2 + P2/W + V22/2g
Q17: Application of Bernoulli’s theorem
Ans: i) Venturi meter
ii) Orifice plate meter
iii) Pitot tube
Q18: Venturi meter
Ans: it is device used for measuring the rate of flow or discharge of fluid flowing
through a pipe.
Q19: plate of venturi meter
Ans: i)converging pact
ii) Throat
iii)Diverging part
Q20:Types of venturi meter
Ans : i) Horizontal
ii) vertical
iii) Inclined
Q21: Pitot tube
Ans: it is an instrument to determine the velocity of flow at the required point in a
pipe.
Q22: Major losses in pipe
Ans: i) By sudden expansion.
ii) By sudden contraction.
Q23: Reynold’s no. range.
Ans: Reynold’s no. < 2000 is for laminar flow.
Reynold’s no. > 4000 is for turbulent flow.
2000 < Reynold’s no. < is for transition flow.
Q24: Absolute pressure relationship
Ans: Absolute pressure = Atmospheric pressure + Gauge Pressure.
Vacuum pressure = Atmospheric pressure - Absolute pressure.
Q25 : Example of ideal fluid
Ans : water is an ideal fluid.
Q26: what is Pump.
Ans: it is machine used for handling liquids, solution or slurries .
Q27: Expand NPSH
Ans: net positive suction head.
Q28: What is Priming.
Ans: The remove of air from the suction line and pump casing is known as
priming.
Q29: Define Friction factor.
Ans: it is defined as the ratio of the wall shear stress of the product of the kinetic
energy of fluid and the density.
Q30: Define surface tension.
Ans: The property of liquid surface film to exert tension is called as the surface
tension.
Q31: SI unit of surface tension.
Ans: N/m
Q32: Define density
Ans: it is define as the mass of fluid per unit volume.
Q33: SI unit of density.
Ans: Kg/m3
Q34: Define weight density.
Ans: it is define as the weight of the fluid per unit volume.
Q35: SI unit of specific volume.
Ans:m3/ Kg