Chapter 5: Ratio, Rates and Proportions

Effectives notes:
1) The ratio of two quantities
a) is a comparison of two quantities with the same unit.
b) Is usually written as a : b and is read as ‘ ratio of a to b’
2) If a : b = 3 : 2 , then
a) b : a = 2 : 3
b) a : ( a + b ) = 3 : ( 3 + 2 )
=3:5
c) a : ( a + b ) = 3 : (3 - 2 )
=3:1
3) A quantity is proportional to another quantity if they have equivalent
ratios.
Example:
Given that m = 3 when n = 5 and m = 6 when n = 10
Since, Thus, m is proportional to n.

4) The ratio of three quantities.

a) is a comparison of three quantities with the same unit.
b) Is usually written as a : b : c.
5) If the ratios of a : b and b : c are given , then we can find the ratio of
a) a : b : c
b) a : c
Example: If a : b = 1 : 2 and b: c =4 : 5,

MATH - CHAPTER 5 BY KELVIN FROM CLASS 2H HENG EE

MATH - CHAPTER 5 BY KELVIN FROM CLASS 2H HENG EE
MATH - CHAPTER 5 BY KELVIN FROM CLASS 2H HENG EE
MATH - CHAPTER 5 BY KELVIN FROM CLASS 2H HENG EE
MATH - CHAPTER 5 BY KELVIN FROM CLASS 2H HENG EE
MATH - CHAPTER 5 BY KELVIN FROM CLASS 2H HENG EE
1. A group of pre-schoolers has 9 boys and 17 girls. What is the ratio of 7. A gardening club has 38 members, of which 4 are males and the rest are
boys to all children? females. What is the ratio of females to males?

8. A kennel has 145 dogs in total, some are puppies and some are adult
2. Ella drew 5 hearts, 19 stars, and 14 circles. What is the ratio of circles to dogs. The ratio of puppies to adult dogs in a kennel is 3 : 2. How many
hearts? adult dogs are there?

3. A gardening club has 38 members, of which 4 are males and the rest are
females. What is the ratio of females to males? 9. A jar contains 990 beans. Of them, 550 are cranberry beans and the rest
are navy beans. What is the ratio of cranberry beans to all the beans?

4. Matthew drew 19 hearts and 8 circles. What is the ratio of circles to all
shapes?
10. A jar pinto beans and mung beans in a ratio of 4 : 3, and 280 of the
beans are pinto beans. How many beans in total are there in the jar?

5. A herd of 31 horses has 7 white and some black horses. What is the ratio
of black horses to all horses?

11. Zachary has nickels, dimes, and quarters in the ratio of 5 : 1 : 2. If 80 of

Zachary's coins are nickels, how many dimes and quarters does Zachary
have?
6. A jar contains 27 marbles, of which 19 are blue, 3 are red, and the rest
are green. What is the ratio of blue marbles to green marbles?

MATH - CHAPTER 5 BY KELVIN FROM CLASS 2H HENG EE

12. n a cookie mix, we find cinnamon cookies, butter cookies, and walnut Answer Key
cookies in a ratio of 3 : 1 : 5. If a bag of the mix contains 45 walnut 1. 9 : 26 2. 14 : 5 3. 17 : 2
cookies, how many cinnamon cookies are there? 4. 8 : 27 5. 24 : 31 6. 19 : 5
7. 17 : 2 8. There are 58 adult 9. The ratio of
dogs. cranberry beans to
all beans is 5 : 9.
10. The jar contains 11. Zachary has 16 12. There are 27
490 beans. dimes and 32 cinnamon cookies.
quarters.
13. A bag contains 30 marbles, some transparent and some white. The ratio 13. There are 12 white 14. There were 40 15. There are 1080
of transparent marbles to white ones is 3 : 2. How many white marbles marbles. members juice bottles in
are there? total.

14. The ratio of girls to boys in a an astronomy club was 3 : 2. There were
24 girls. How many total members were there in the club?

15. A truck is carrying orange juice, pineapple juice, and cherry juice
bottles in a ratio of 6 : 1 : 2. If there are 996 cherry juice bottles, then
how many juice bottles in total are there?

MATH - CHAPTER 5 BY KELVIN FROM CLASS 2H HENG EE