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4. A trough blood sample for routine therapeutic drug monitoring is usually obtained:
a. Just after a dose is administered
b. Just before the next dose (trough-lowest)
c. At the calculated peak time after a dose
d. One half-life after a dose is administered
5. For quatitation of urinary Venillylmandelic acid (VMA) which of the following specimens should be collected?
a. 24 hr urine (quatitation)
b. 1st morning urine for routine and HCG
c. Random midstream clean catch for culture
d. 2 hr urine after midday meal (2-4pm) measure urobilinogen (alkanine tide)
8. Which of the following substances act as a secondary messenger for peptide hormones?
a. CAMP
b. CGMP
c. ATP
d. ADP
*peptide is water soluble but cell has lipid bilayer so it has to attach to a receptor in the cell membrane to
tigger adenylate cyclease to produce CAMP
9. Which of the following is considered as the most potent and the major estrogen?
a. Estrone abundant in post menopausal women
b. Estradiol- abundant in pre menopausal women and detects ovarian func
c. Estriol abundant in pregnancy
d. Both B and C
11. When phenylhydrazine and sulphuric acid are added to urine, those steroids that contain 21 carbons produce a
color with a peak absorption @ 410nm. This principle is known as
a. Porter-Silber
b. Kober Reaction
c. Zimmerman Reaction
d. Pisano Method
*Porter-Silber; rgt- phenylhydrazine or DLBH(reitmann and frankell) and H2 SO4; detects 17, 21
corticosteroid (+) yellow
*Zimmerman reaction; rgt- dinitrobenzene; detects 17-ketosteroids (+) reddish purple
*Kober reaction; rgt-hydroquinone and H2SO4 detects estrogen, (+) reddish brown
*Pisano method; detects metanephrines(epi and norepi metabolites)
16. Which of the following metal toxins may be detected by the Reinsch Test?
a. Lead
b. Mercury
c. Cadmium
d. Carbon monoxide
*reinsch- colorimetric
Detects MASBATe- mercury, arsenic, selenium, bismuth, antimony, thallium
18. A 28 year old male patient with bronchial problems was presented to the hospital ER with increasing cough,
sputum and dyspnea. His ABG results are pH= 7.28, pCO2= 70 mmHg, pO2= 50 mmHG, HCO3= 23 mEq/L. What
is his condition?
a. Uncompensated respiratory acidosis
b. Partially compensated respiratory acidosis
c. Uncompensated metabolic acidosis
d. Partially compensated metabolic acidosis
Clinical Chemistry Quiz 3
19. An 18 year old woman was partying at her friends house when suddenly she hyperventilated. People around the
area did not know how to handle a case of hyperventilation so they decided to rush the patient to the ER. Upon
reaching the ER, the doctor on duty asked for an ABG result which of the following results would most likely be
consistent with the patients symptoms?
a. pH= 7.40, pCO2= 40, HCO3= 47, pO2= 50
b. pH= 7.30, pCO2= 30, HCO3= 25, pO2= 78
c. pH= 7.50, pCO2= 50, HCO3= 47, pO2= 67
d. pH= 7.50, pCO2= 30, HCO3= 25, pO2= 78
21. Which of the following changes will occur w/ a blood gas sample exposed to air?
a. ↑ pO2, ↓ pCO2, ↑ pH
b. ↑ pO2, ↓ pCO2, ↓ pH
c. ↓ pO2, ↑ pCO2, ↑ pH
d. ↓ pO2, ↑ pCO2, ↑pH
22. Delay in specimen analysis for ABG test will cause what changes?
e. ↑ pO2, ↓ pCO2, ↑ pH
f. ↑ pO2, ↓ pCO2, ↓ pH
g. ↓ pO2, ↑ pCO2, ↑ pH
h. ↓ pO2, ↑ pCO2, ↑pH
*glycolysis utilize oxygen(DEC)
25. Severer ghaus electrode is used for the determination of partial pressure oxygen. The principle used for the
partial pressure of carbon dioxide is Potentiometry.
a. Both statements are true
b. Both statements are false
c. First statement is true, second is false
d. Second statement is false, second is true
*Severir ghaus- for CO2- potentiometry
Clarke- for O2- amperometry Ag- Ag Cl
Calomel or Hg-Hg Cl- potentiometry
26. The expected blood gas results for a patient in chronic renal failure would match the pattern of:
a. Metabolic acidosis
b. Respiratory acidosis
c. Metabolic alkalosis
d. Respiratory acidosis
28. A patient is admitted to the emergency room in a state of metabolic alkalosis. Which of the following would be
consistent with this diagnosis?
a. High TCO2, increased HCO3
b. Low TCO2, increased HCO3
c. High TCO2, decreased H2CO3
d. Low TCO2, decreased H2CO3
*90% of total CO2 is bicarbonate
31. Which of the following sets of results is consistent with primary hypothyroidism(e.g. hashimoto’s thyroiditis)
Result TSH T4 Antimicrosomal Ab
Result A DEC DEC POSITIVE
Result B INC INC POSITIVE
Result C NORMAL DEC NEG
Result D INC DEC POSITIVE
*primary-organ(DEC T4)
Secondary- Pituitary gland(INC TSH)
Tertiary- Hypothalamus (TRH)
33. The main estrogen produced by the ovaries and used to evaluate ovarian function
a. Estriol
b. Estradiol
c. Epiestriol
d. Hyroxyesterone
*4 parameters to detect pregnancy: E3, inhibit A, AFP
34. Which of the following conditions is characterized by primary hyperaldoseteronism caused by adrenal adenoma,
carcinoma, or hyperplasia?
a. Cushing’s syndrome
b. Addison’s disease
c. Conn’s syndrome
d. Pheochromocytoma
*Aldosterone- in Na retention(and water), DEC potassium- hypernatremia, hypokalemia
*Primary Hypercorticolism- Cushings syndrome
*Secondary Hypercorticolism- Cushings disease
*low cortisol- addisons disease
*phaeochromocytoma- tumor in adrenal medulla(fight or flight)
40. A urine sample is received in the laboratory with the appropriate custody control form, and a request for drug of
abuse screening. Which test result would be cause for rejecting the sample?
a. Temperature of 90 F 32.5-37.5C
b. pH 5.0 4.5-8
c. SG 1.005 1.003-1.019
d. Creatinine 5 mg/dL
41. Elevated level of aminolevulinic acid in urine indicates presence of
a. Lead
b. Arsenic
c. Mercury
d. Ethylene glycol
*lead poisoning inhibit heme synthesis by inhibiting ALA dehydratase
Also inhibits ferrochelatase(last enz in forming heme)
*basophilic stipplings(coarse)
If fine- compensation against anemia
Clinical Chemistry Quiz 3
44. When measuring trace elements in blood other than lead, what type of tube should be used?
a. Navy blue
b. Green
c. Purple
d. Red
46. Which of the following techniques is more commonly used to measure vitamins?
a. High performance liquid chromatography
b. Spectrophotometry
c. Nephelometry
d. Microbiological
47. The term encompasses a wide variety of compounds characterized as being insoluble in water but soluble in
nonpolar solvents. Which of the following vitamins is not a classified as fat soluble?
a. Vitamin A
b. Vitamin C
c. Vitamin D
d. Vitamin E