HW 12

HW 12 https://session.masteringphysics.com/myct/assignmentPrintView?assign...
HW 12
Due: 11:59pm on Sunday, June 24, 2018
You will receive no credit for items you complete after the assignment is due. Grading Policy
Exercise 9.2
An airplane propeller is rotating at 2000 .
Part A
Compute the propeller's angular velocity in .
ANSWER:
= 209
Part B
How long in seconds does it take for the propeller to turn through 40 ?
ANSWER:
= 3.33×10−3
Exercise 9.3 - Enhanced - with Solution
The angular velocity of a flywheel obeys the equation , where is in seconds and and are constants
having numerical values 2.10 (for ) and 1.70 (for ).
You may want to review (Pages 273 - 278) .
For related problem-solving tips and strategies, you may want to view a Video Tutor Solution of Calculating angular
acceleration.
Part A
What are the units of if is in ?
ANSWER:
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Part B
What are the units of if is in ?
ANSWER:
Part C
What is the angular acceleration of the wheel at = 0.00?
ANSWER:
= 0
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Part D
What is the angular acceleration of the wheel at = 6.00 ?
ANSWER:
= 20.4
Part E
Through what angle does the flywheel turn during the first 1.80 ? (Hint: See Section 2.6 in the textbook.)
ANSWER:
= 7.08
For related problemsolving tips and strategies, you may want to view a Video Tutor Solution of Throwing a discus.
3 of 23 23-Jun-18, 9:38 AM
Part A
Using the fact that the earth spins on its axis once per day, calculate the earth's orbital angular speed (in ) due to
its motion around the sun.
ANSWER:
= 1.99×10−7
Part B
Calculate the earth's angular speed (in ) due to its axial spin.
ANSWER:
= 7.27×10−5
Part C
Calculate the tangential speed of the earth around the sun (assuming a circular orbit).
ANSWER:
= 2.98×104
Part D
Calculate the tangential speed of a point on the earth's equator due to the planet's axial spin.
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ANSWER:
= 464
Part E
Calculate the radial acceleration components of the point in part D.
ANSWER:
= 3.37×10−2
Part F
Calculate the tangential acceleration components of the point in part D.
ANSWER:
= 0
Exercise 9.20
A compact disc (CD) stores music in a coded pattern of tiny pits deep. The pits are arranged in a track that spirals
outward toward the rim of the disc; the inner and outer radii of this spiral are 25.0 and 58.0 , respectively. As the
disc spins inside a CD player, the track is scanned at a constant linear speed of 1.25 .
Part A
What is the angular speed of the CD when scanning the innermost part of the track?
ANSWER:
= 50.0
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Part B
What is the angular speed of the CD when scanning the outermost part of the track?
ANSWER:
= 21.6
Part C
The maximum playing time of a CD is 74.0 . What would be the length of the track on such a maximum-duration CD
if it were stretched out in a straight line?
ANSWER:
= 5.55
Part D
What is the average angular acceleration of a maximum-duration CD during its 74.0-min playing time? Take the direction
of rotation of the disc to be positive.
ANSWER:
= −6.41×10−3
± An Electric Ceiling Fan
An electric ceiling fan is rotating about a fixed axis with an initial angular velocity magnitude of 0.300 . The magnitude
of the angular acceleration is 0.917 . Both the the angular velocity and angular accleration are directed clockwise.
The electric ceiling fan blades form a circle of diameter 0.720 .
Part A
Compute the fan's angular velocity magnitude after time 0.201 has passed.
Express your answer numerically in revolutions per second.
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Hint 1. Angular velocity and acceleration

Recall that angular velocity and angular acceleration are related by a kinematic formula similar to that for
linear velocity and linear acceleration: \omega(t)=\omega_0+\alpha t. You may use either revolutions per second
and \rm rev/s^2 as your units, or radians per second and \rm rad/s^2.
ANSWER:
0.484 \rm rev/s
Part B
Through how many revolutions has the blade turned in the time interval 0.201 {\rm s} from Part A?
Express the number of revolutions numerically.
Hint 1. Angle and angular velocity

Recall that the angle \theta, angular velocity \omega, and angular acceleration \alpha are related by a kinematic
formula similar to that for linear displacement, velocity, and acceleration: \large{\theta(t)=\theta_0+\omega_0
t+\frac{1}{2}\alpha t^2}.
You may use either \rm rev, \rm rev/s, and \rm rev/s^2 as your units, or \rm rad, \rm rad/s, and \rm rad/s^2.
ANSWER:
7.88×10−2 \rm rev
Part C
What is the tangential speed \texttip{v_{\rm tan}\left(t\right)}{v_tan(t)} of a point on the tip of the blade at time
\texttip{t}{t} = 0.201 {\rm s} ?
Express your answer numerically in meters per second.
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Hint 1. Relating angular and linear speed

A particle moving with angular velocity \texttip{\omega }{omega} in a circle of radius \texttip{r}{r} has linear speed
v=\omega r.
To use this equation with angular velocity, you must express the angular velocity in \rm rad/s.
Hint 2. Converting revolutions to radians

One revolution is equal to 2\pi radians.
ANSWER:
\texttip{v_{\rm tan}\left(t\right)}{v_tan(t)} = 1.10 \rm m/s
Part D
What is the magnitude \texttip{a}{a} of the resultant acceleration of a point on the tip of the blade at time \texttip{t}{t} =
0.201 {\rm s} ?
Express the acceleration numerically in meters per second squared.
Hint 1. How to approach the problem

Since the fan blade is both moving in a circle and speeding up, the tip of the blade must have both tangential and
radial acceleration. Add them to find the total acceleration.
Keep in mind that acceleration is a vector, and in order to find the total acceleration, one must use vector addtion
(that is, one may not simply add the magnitudes).
Hint 2. Find the centripetal acceleration

Calculate the magnitude \texttip{a_{\rm cent}}{a_cent} of the instantaneous centripetal acceleration of the point at
the end of the fan blade. This is the acceleration perpendicular to the direction of motion.
Express your answer numerically in meters per second squared.
Hint 1. Definition of centripetal acceleration

Centripetal acceleration \texttip{a_{\rm cent}}{a_cent} for an object moving with tangential velocity
\texttip{v_{\rm tan}}{v_tan} in a circular path of radius \texttip{r}{r} is given by
\large{a_{\rm cent} = \frac{v_{\rm tan}^2}{r}}.
ANSWER:
\texttip{a_{\rm cent}}{a_cent} = 3.33 \rm m/s^2
Hint
Typesetting 3. Find
math: 56% the tangential acceleration
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Calculate the magnitude \texttip{a_{\rm tan}}{a_tan} of the instantaneous tangential acceleration (along the
direction of motion) of a point on the tip of the blade at time 0.201 {\rm s} .
Express your answer numerically in meters per second squared.
Hint 1. Definition of tangential acceleration

The tangential acceleration \texttip{a_{\rm tan}}{a_tan} is the rate at which a point increases velocity along
its line of motion. If the point is moving with angular acceleration \alpha on a circular path of radius r, then
a_{\rm tan} = r \alpha.
To use this equation, however, you must express the angular acceleration in radians per second squared.
Hint 2. Converting revolutions to radians

One revolution is equal to 2\pi radians.
ANSWER:
\texttip{a_{\rm tan}}{a_tan} = 2.07 \rm m/s^2
Hint 4. Calculating the vector sum

Notice that the centripetal and tangential accelerations are perpendicular. Thus, you can think of them as the two
components of the total acceleration \texttip{a}{a}. This makes the magnitude of the total acceleration
a=\sqrt{a_{\rm tan}^2+a_{\rm cent}^2}, where \texttip{a_{\rm tan}}{a_tan} is the magnitude of the tangential
acceleration and \texttip{a_{\rm cent}}{a_cent} is the magnitude of the centripetal acceleration.
ANSWER:
\texttip{a}{a} = 3.93 \rm m/s^2
Exercise 9.28
Four small spheres, each of which you can regard as a point of mass 0.200 {\rm kg}, are arranged in a square 0.400 {\rm m}
on a side and connected by light rods .
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Part A
Find the moment of inertia of the system about an axis through the center of the square, perpendicular to its plane (an
axis through point O in the figure).
ANSWER:
I = 6.40×10−2 {\rm kg \cdot m^{2}}
Part B
Find the moment of inertia of the system about an axis bisecting two opposite sides of the square (an axis along the line
AB in the figure).
ANSWER:
I = 3.20×10−2 {\rm kg \cdot m^{2}}
Part C
Find the moment of inertia of the system about an axis that passes through the centers of the upper left and lower right
spheres and through point O.
ANSWER:
I = 3.20×10−2 {\rm kg \cdot m^{2}}
A wagon wheel is constructed as shown in the figure . The radius

of the wheel is 0.300 {\rm m}, and the rim has mass 1.32 {\rm kg} .
Each of the eight spokes, that lie along a diameter and are 0.300
{\rm m} long, has mass 0.230 {\rm kg} .
For related problem-solving tips and strategies, you may want to

view a Video
Typesetting Tutor
math: 56%Solution of Moments of inertia for different
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rotation axes.
Part A
What is the moment of inertia of the wheel about an axis through its center and perpendicular to the plane of the wheel?
ANSWER:
I = 0.174 {\rm kg \cdot m^{2}}
Energy is to be stored in a flywheel in the shape of a uniform solid disk with a radius of \texttip{R}{R} = 1.18 {\rm m} and a
mass of 70.0 {\rm kg} . To prevent structural failure of the flywheel, the maximum allowed radial acceleration of a point on its
rim is 3490 {\rm m/s^2} .
For related problem-solving tips and strategies, you may want to view a Video Tutor Solution of An unwinding cable i.
Part A
What is the maximum kinetic energy that can be stored in the flywheel?
ANSWER:
K = 7.21×104 {\rm J}
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Exercise 9.48
Part A
Find the moment of inertia of a hoop (a thin-walled, hollow ring) with mass \texttip{M}{M} and radius \texttip{R}{R} about
an axis perpendicular to the hoop's plane at an edge.
Express your answer in terms of the variables M and R.
ANSWER:
I = 2MR^{2}
Exercise 9.50
Part A
A thin, rectangular sheet of metal has mass M and sides of length a and b. Find the moment of inertia of this sheet about
an axis that lies in the plane of the plate, passes through the center of the plate, and is parallel to the side with length b.
Express your answer in terms of given quantities.
ANSWER:
I = \large{\frac{Ma^{2}}{12}}
Part B
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Find the moment of inertia of the plate for an axis that lies in the plane of the plate, passes through the center of the
plate, and is perpendicular to the axis in part A.
Express your answer in terms of given quantities.
ANSWER:
I = \large{\frac{Mb^{2}}{12}}
Exercise 9.54
Part A
Use equation \large{I = \int {r^2 dm}} to calculate the moment of inertia of a slender, uniform rod with mass M and length
L about an axis at one end, perpendicular to the rod.
Express your answer in terms of the given quantities.
ANSWER:
I = \large{{\frac{1}{3}}ML^{2}}
Problem 9.62
Engineers are designing a system by which a falling mass {m} imparts kinetic energy to a rotating uniform drum to which it is
attached by thin, very light wire wrapped around the rim of the drum (the figure ). There is no appreciable friction in the axle
of the drum, and everything starts from rest. This system is being
tested on earth, but it is to be used on Mars, where the
acceleration due to gravity is 3.71 {\rm{ m/s}}^2. In the earth tests,
when m is set to 18.0 {\rm kg} and allowed to fall through 5.00 {\rm
m} , it gives 300.0 {\rm J} of kinetic energy to the drum.
Part A
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If the system is operated on Mars, through what distance would the 18.0-\rm kg mass have to fall to give the same
amount of kinetic energy to the drum?
ANSWER:
h = 13.2 \rm m
Part B
How fast would the 18.0-{\rm kg} mass be moving on Mars just as the drum gained 300.0 {\rm J} of kinetic energy?
ANSWER:
v = 8.04 \rm m/s
Problem 9.76
The pulley in has radius 0.160 {\rm m} and a moment of inertia 0.380 {\rm kg} \cdot {\rm m}^{2}. The rope does not slip on the
pulley rim.
Part A
Use energy methods to calculate the speed of the 4.00-\rm kg block just before it strikes the floor.
Express your answer with the appropriate units.
ANSWER:
v = 3.07 \large{{\rm \frac{m}{s}}}
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Problem 9.92
American eels (Anguilla rostrata) are freshwater fish with long, slender bodies that we can treat as uniform cylinders
1.0 \rm m long and 10 \rm cm in diameter. An eel compensates for its small jaw and teeth by holding onto prey with its mouth
and then rapidly spinning its body around its long axis to tear off a piece of flesh. Eels have been recorded to spin at up to 14
revolutions per second when feeding in this way. Although this feeding method is costly in terms of energy, it allows the eel to
feed on larger prey than it otherwise could.
Part A
A field researcher uses the slow-motion feature on her phones camera to shoot a video of an eel spinning at its
maximum rate. The camera records at 120 frames per second. Through what angle does the eel rotate from one frame
to the next?
ANSWER:
1^\circ
10^\circ
22^\circ
42^\circ
Problem 9.93
Part A
The eel is observed to spin at 14 spins per second clockwise, and 10 seconds later it is observed to spin at 8 spins per
second counterclockwise. What is the magnitude of the eels average angular acceleration during this time?
ANSWER:
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6/10 \rm rad/s^2
6\pi/10 \rm rad/s^2
12\pi/10 \rm rad/s^2
44\pi/10 \rm rad/s^2
Problem 9.94
Part A
The eel has a certain amount of rotational kinetic energy when spinning at 14 spins per second. If it swam in a straight
line instead, about how fast would the eel have to swim to have the same amount of kinetic energy as when it is
spinning?
ANSWER:
0.5 \rm m/s
0.7 \rm m/s
3 \rm m/s
5 \rm m/s
Problem 9.95
Part A
A new species of eel is found to have the same mass but one-quarter the length and twice the diameter of the American
eel. How
Typesetting does
math: 56%its
moment of inertia for spinning around its long axis compare to that of the American eel?
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ANSWER:
The new species has half the moment of inertia as the American eel.
The new species has the same moment of inertia as the American eel.
The new species has twice the moment of inertia as the American eel.
The new species has four times the moment of inertia as the American eel.
Quantitative Prelecture Video: Circular Motion and Centripetal Acceleration
Click Play to watch the video below. Answer the ungraded questions in the video and the graded follow-up questions at right.
Part A
Earth is 149.6 billion meters from the Sun and takes 365 days to make one complete revolution around the Sun. Mars is
227.9 billion meters from the Sun and has an orbital period of 687 days. What is the ratio of Earth’s centripetal
acceleration to Mars’s centripetal acceleration?
ANSWER:
1.88
0.430
1.24
2.33
0.809
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Part B
A 1000-kg car is moving at a constant speed around a circular turn with a radius of 18.5 meters. How fast must the car
move to have an acceleration of 25.2 m/s2?
ANSWER:
1.18 m/s
21.6 m/s
466 m/s
34.3 m/s
Part C
A 1000-kg car is moving around a circular turn with a radius of 18.5 meters and decreasing in speed at a rate of 35.2
m/s2. At the instant the car is moving at 16.8 m/s, what is the car’s total acceleration?
ANSWER:
15.3 m/s2
50.5 m/s2
19.9 m/s2
38.4 m/s2
35.2 m/s2
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Quantitative Prelecture Video: Moment of Inertia
Part A
Max (15 kg) and Maya (12 kg) are riding on a merry-go-round that rotates at a constant speed. Max is sitting on the
edge of the merry-go-round, 2.4 m from the center, and Maya is 1.2 m from the center. Considering Max and Maya to be
one system of masses, what is their moment of inertia measured with respect to the center of the merry-go-round?
ANSWER:
50 kg•m2
86 kg•m2
1500 kg•m2
104 kg•m2
17 kg•m2
Part B
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edge of the merry-go-round, 2.4 m from the center, and Maya is 1.2 m from the center. The merry-go-round is a solid
disk with a radius of 2.4 m and a mass of 230 kg. What is the moment of inertia of Max, Maya, and the merry-go-round?
ANSWER:
1430 kg•m2
766 kg•m2
662 kg•m2
104 kg•m2
214 kg•m2
Part C
edge of the merry-go-round, 2.4 m from the center, and Maya is sitting somewhere between the edge and the center.
The merry-go-round is a solid disk with a radius of 2.4 m, a mass of 230 kg, and is rotating at a constant rate of 0.75
rev/s. The system, which includes Max, Maya, and the merry-go-round, has 8700 J of rotational kinetic energy. How far
away is Maya from the center of the merry-go-round?
ANSWER:
2.9 m
1.9 m
1.5 m
1.7 m
50 m
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Quantitative Prelecture Video: Rotational Motion
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Part A
Max and Maya are riding on a merry-go-round that rotates at a constant speed. If the merry-go-round makes 3.5
revolutions in 9.2 seconds, what is its angular speed?
ANSWER:
0.38 rad/s
0.0066 rad/s
22 rad/s
5.1 rad/s
2.4 rad/s
Part B
Max is pushing on the edge (2.4 m from the center) of the merry-go-round to make it rotate. Maya is riding on the merry-
go-round, sitting 1.2 m from the center. If Max is pushing the merry-go-round at 1.4 m/s, how fast is Maya moving?
ANSWER:
4.0 m/s
0.58 m/s
2.1 m/s
1.4 m/s
0.70 m/s
Part C
Max is pushing on the edge (2.4 m from the center) of the merry-go-round to make it rotate. Maya is riding on the merry-
go-round,
Typesetting sitting
math: 56% 1.2 m from the center. If Max increases the merry-go-round’s angular speed from 0.52 rev/s to 1.5 rev/s
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in 2.2 s, what is the merry-go-round’s angular acceleration?

ANSWER:
0.45 rad/s2
2.8 rad/s2
6.7 rad/s2
5.8 rad/s2
3.4 rad/s2
Score Summary:
Your score on this assignment is 100%.
You received 46 out of a possible total of 46 points.
23 of 23 23-Jun-18, 9:38 AM

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HW 12 https://session.masteringphysics.com/myct/assignmentPrintView?assign...

An airplane propeller is rotating at 2000 .

Exercise 9.3 - Enhanced - with Solution

You may want to review (Pages 273 - 278) .

Typesetting math: 56%

Typesetting math: 56%

Exercise 9.19 - Enhanced - with Solution

You may want to review (Pages 280 - 283) .

Typesetting math: 56%

Typesetting math: 56%

± An Electric Ceiling Fan

Typesetting math: 56%

Hint 1. Angular velocity and acceleration

0.484 \rm rev/s

Hint 1. Angle and angular velocity

7.88×10−2 \rm rev

Typesetting math: 56%

Hint 1. Relating angular and linear speed

Hint 2. Converting revolutions to radians

\texttip{v_{\rm tan}\left(t\right)}{v_tan(t)} = 1.10 \rm m/s

Hint 1. How to approach the problem

Hint 2. Find the centripetal acceleration

Hint 1. Definition of centripetal acceleration

\large{a_{\rm cent} = \frac{v_{\rm tan}^2}{r}}.

\texttip{a_{\rm cent}}{a_cent} = 3.33 \rm m/s^2

Hint 1. Definition of tangential acceleration

a_{\rm tan} = r \alpha.

Hint 2. Converting revolutions to radians

\texttip{a_{\rm tan}}{a_tan} = 2.07 \rm m/s^2

Hint 4. Calculating the vector sum

\texttip{a}{a} = 3.93 \rm m/s^2

Typesetting math: 56%

I = 6.40×10−2 {\rm kg \cdot m^{2}}

I = 3.20×10−2 {\rm kg \cdot m^{2}}

I = 3.20×10−2 {\rm kg \cdot m^{2}}

Exercise 9.33 - Enhanced - with Solution

A wagon wheel is constructed as shown in the figure . The radius

You may want to review (Pages 283 - 288) .

For related problem-solving tips and strategies, you may want to

I = 0.174 {\rm kg \cdot m^{2}}

Exercise 9.41 - Enhanced - with Solution

You may want to review (Pages 283 - 288) .

Typesetting math: 56%

v = 8.04 \rm m/s

v = 3.07 \large{{\rm \frac{m}{s}}}

Typesetting math: 56%

Typesetting math: 56%

6/10 \rm rad/s^2

6\pi/10 \rm rad/s^2

12\pi/10 \rm rad/s^2

44\pi/10 \rm rad/s^2

0.5 \rm m/s

0.7 \rm m/s

Quantitative Prelecture Video: Circular Motion and Centripetal Acceleration

Typesetting math: 56%

Typesetting math: 56%

Quantitative Prelecture Video: Moment of Inertia

Typesetting math: 56%

Quantitative Prelecture Video: Rotational Motion

Typesetting math: 56%

in 2.2 s, what is the merry-go-round’s angular acceleration?

Typesetting math: 56%

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