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Topic Two:
China’s construction of
industrial parks
Li Donghong
03 Analysis
Diversified
development
Development 2009-Now
Exploration and
features innovation 1.The rise of innovative
2003-2008
Development parks
Operation models
2.1 Government-led(1)
meaning:
It is also called management committee-led model, and is the most
popular one in the construction of industrial parks in China. Under such
model, a provincial or municipal team is usually established to be in
charge of major decisions and coordination in the parks
features:
Management model
2. In terms of organizational
1. Set up management committee
structure, a labor committee (or Party
for the industrial park as the
committee) and the management
representative office of the local
committee cooperate to conduct
government to be in charge of
indirect legal and political
economic management and some
management on the enterprises, to
administration, including projects
establish sound socialized service
approval and location planning
system and provide services for
enterprises
Case study—
Suzhou
industrial park
It was approved in 1994 by the State Council, and was jointly developed by
Chinese government and Singaporean government, and is an important
cooperation between the two countries
Operation model
Project
Investment Management
Sell or rent investment Government
and capital and service
projects/land and subsidy
operation fees
operation
2.2 Enterprise-led(1)
Meaning:
Enterprises serve as the developer and manager of the parks
to plan, develop and manage them. The enterprises are all
responsible for the capital pool and use, land development,
infrastructure construction, land use and transfer, property
operation, establishment of enterprise, investment
environment creation, attraction of domestic and foreign
capital and technology, product trade and the process of
comprehensive business. The major goal is to gain profit.
Case study—Dalian
software park of
Yida Group
It is a typical enterprise led park, one of the first “private fund supported by the
government”. Dalian software Ltd. Co was responsible for land development,
property construction, attracting business and human resource added service, etc.,
while the government was responsible for planning and approving, policy support,
leading the business attraction and infrastructure construction, etc.
Since 1998, when Dalian software park was developed and operated till the end of
2015, the park development operation business has expanded and covered many
cities and parks, including Dalian software park, Dalian eco-tech innovative city,
Wuhan Guanggu software park, Suzhou high tech software park, Tianjin Binhai
Service Outsourcing Industrial park, etc.
Development
• Dalian software park is a typical enterprise led park. It is a
core industrial park of Dalian’s higher education and
机场 research.
Internation
alization
Private fund
supported Integration
by of industry,
government universities
and
research
Operation model
Land reorganization
planning
Land development
infrastructure customize
buildings
park design
Property management
Industrial Integrate maintain and add value
policies reduce cost
support Finance
Profit sources
Leasing of property
management Housing development
Profit sources
Government
Professional service
subsidies
and council
Equity investment in
enterprises that enter
the park
CFLD was established in 1998, and is a leading operator of industrial cities. By 2015,
CFLD has planned more than 20 cities in the country, covering more than 25 million
square meters. Its model of “government support, enterprise operate and win-win
cooperation” has received full recognition from all levels of government. Gu’an city
is an outstanding example.
strategic developme
park
region nt stage
invest in Gu’an Park in Langfang, Dachang Park in Langfang, Huailai Park in Heibei, Sujiatun in
operation Shenyang, Xianghe park in Langfang
Beijing-Tianjin- start Fengtai region, Wen’an park, Changli park, Bazhou park, Yongqing park, Baiyangdian
Hebei construction technology park in Baoding, Renqiu region
planning and
Fangshan in Beijing, Jinshanling in luanping, Zhulu in Hebei, Tiexi in Shenyang
positioning
invest in
Wuxi of Jiangsu
operation
start
Jiashan of Zhejiang
Yangtze River construction
Delta
planning and
Fengjing of Shanghai, Zhenjiang of Jiangsu, Lishui of Nanjing, Renshou of Sichuan,
positioning
Pengshan of Sichuan, Lai’an, Hexian and Shucheng county of An’hui
planning and
One Belt One
positioning Jakarta district of Indonesia, Haryana of India
Road
Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei
• Guan industrial new • Baiyangdian technology
city of Baoding
Yangtze river Delta city
• Chaobaihe economic • Xiongxian industrial city
development zone of • CFLD innovative center
• Gaotie new city of Jiashan • Fangshan sport and
• Jinshanfengjing region of Shanghai Dachang
• Xianghe industrial city recreational town
• Riverside city of Wuxi South • Huailai north
• Wenquan new district
• Technology city of Lishui, Nanjing of Bazhou international eco city
• Chuzhou Laian hanhe city of Anhui • Economic • Zhulu region
• Renshou region of Meishan, development zone of • Beidaihe region of
Sichuan Wenan Qinhuangdao
• Pengshan region of Meishan, • Renqiu region • Jinshanling eco culture
Sichuan • Konggang city of tourism economic zone
• Hexian region of Maanshan, Anhui Langfang of Shenping
• Shucheng region of Liuan, Anhui • Changli industrial park
The industrial city model proposed by CFLD is in line with the development trend. The
PPP model provides comprehensive solution to the industrial park development and
regional economic development, and is an outstanding example of new cities.
Park introduction
4.014 billion
2.103 billion
0.12 billion
attract business in a
professional and
PPP model global manner to
operation in replace national
bidding, accumulate
Gu’an high end projects to
achieve something
great
meaning:
With research and talents of universities and research institutes as the core,
universities and research institutes set up specialized organizations and
personnel to manage the academies of science and incubations. By
integrating universities and research institutes and parks, we can facilitate
sharing of resources. The park’s development can bring out innovative
talents, new knowledge, new thinking modes, new technology and new
management model, and accelerate the application of knowledge resources
into industrial fruits.
management model:
multiple
universities,
one park
one
university,
one park
management model:
It is mainly managed by the university by establishing technology park
model of “one
management companies with independent legal persons. Tsinghua
university, one park” University and Peking University’s parks both belong to this category.
Advantages:
• Launched by the university, and is Disadvantages:
easy to start. • It is hard to divide the
• Human resource, property and responsibilities, rights and
finance all depend on the same profits between the university
university, and it is easy to and the park as it lacks
coordinate and manage. market mechanism
• The application of scientific • The parks are self-protective
research and incubation of and exclusive, so it is hard to
technology companies become share resources
easier. • The park lacks openness,
• It can encourage the teachers and integration, competitiveness
students, so as to promote and socialization
discipline development and
improve education quality.
July 29, 2016-36
Department of Innovation, Entrepreneurship and Strategy LI Donghong
management model:
They are mostly managed by management committee composed of
model of “multiple local government officials, but universities play a substantial role.
universities, one park”Nanjing Gulou national universities technology park and Hefei
national universities technology park both belong to this category.
Advantage: Disadvantages:
• Diverse operators • Too many departments
• With proper intervention of involved, and is hard to
the government, they can coordinate and manage
improve efficiency of resource • Unclear division of
use responsibilities and rights of
universities, thus increasing
the operation cost and
reducing profit
• It is hard to coordinate
government and universities
in terms of profit distribution
Case study--Tuspark
Tuspark was built in 1994, and is one of the first university based parks in China. It is
also recognized by MOST and MOE as the first technology park of top universities. It
covers an area of 25 hectares, with building area of 700,000 square meters and 20
buildings
background
Development state
清华大学
Tuspark attracts more than 1000 technology
and research companies, and is developing into
清华 清 a comprehensive park with high-tech enterprise
中 科技园 华 北京语言大学
关 南 start-up cluster, transnational enterprise
村 路
大 华清嘉园 学
街
地质大学
院 research institutes cluster, financial investment
北四环西路 路
中国科学院
保福寺桥 cluster, agency service cluster, etc. Now there
北京航空航天大学
翠宫饭店
are 550 enterprises in the park, among them
北三环西路 380 are technology enterprises with revenues
over 40 billion yuan and more than 2000 IPR
applications per year.
05 sound
infrastructure
Operation
运营模式
model
Government
Rent or sale of 4 subsidy
land 1
Profit
model
3
Fees charged for
services provided
2
Incubation + investment
Future profit
未来盈利方向
sources
financial professional company investment IPO invest in professional companies and achieve IPO
investmen explore ways to convert assets into shares without allowing
t capital operation of industrial land
direct sales
capital operation of existing industrial property share, trust fund and securitization
property operation
first level development of land, BOT operation, joint
uncultivated land development
model development of the land with shares
output cultivated land renovation changes of original property and functions
entrusted operation share tax income or service income
July 29, 2016-48
Department of Innovation, Entrepreneurship and Strategy LI Donghong
3.5 Prospects
strong union