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How ever, it
possesses important draw backs like a poor biological half life and induction of resistance. In this work, the
techniques for the lyophilization were described, lyophilized injections were readily reconstituted.
Lyophilisation resulted in the preparation with excellent storage characteristics. Dry powder of Gemcitabine HCl
was prepared by lyophilization method. In this work seven formulations were prepared by using Mannitol as a
bulking agent and as a non hygroscopic material. All formulations were prepared by changing the process
parameters temperature and the time of the process. The maximum temperature used in the optimized
formulation (F7) is 470 C and the minimum temperature is -350 C, optimized for 41.66 hours and the moisture
content in this formulation was found as 0.4%. All the formulations were evaluated for moisture content, pH,
assay, clarity of reconstituted solution, particulate matter and microbial analysis for bacterial endotoxin test by
gel clot method and sterility test. Stability studies were performed for the optimized batch (F7) one month and
evaluated for physical appearance, moisture content, particulate matter and assay. It was with in the limits with
good stability. Keywords: Lyophilization, Sublimation, Stability, Gemcitabine HCl, Mannitol.
INTRODUCTION
Parenteral preparations are those pharmaceutical products that are given by other than oral
route. Transfusion fluids and injections are parenteral preparations. Injections are sterile
solutions or suspension of drugs in aqueous or oily vehicle meant for introduction into the
body by means of an inject able needle under or through one or more layers of the skin or
mucous membrane. Injections should be sterile, isotonic and free from foreign particles, such
as dust, fibers etc. They should be introduced through the same route for which they are
intended. For example, an oily suspension meant for intramuscular injectionmay be very
dangerous if it is administer byintravenous inj ection. Similarly those potent drugs which
are required to be given through intramuscular injection may prove very fatal if it
is given by intravenous route. A substance must be transported from the site of entry to the
part of the body where its action is desired to take place (even if this only means penetration
through the stratum corneum into the skin). Using the body’s transport mechanisms for this
purpose, however, is not trivial. The pharmacokinetic properties of a drug (that is, those
related to processes of uptake, distribution, and elimination) are critically influnced by the
route of administration. Formulation and evaluation of dry powder of Gemcitabine
hydrochloride for intravenous infusion by Lyophilization method. The objective of the
present study is to develop a pharmaceutically stable and robust formulation of
Gemcitabine hydrochloride dry powder 200mg comparable with innovator. To achieve this
goal various prototype trials are taken & evaluated with respect to various quality
parameters. The formulation shall be finalized by comparing the moisture content with that
of the innovator. And all the results of quality parameters are with in the limits specified in
2007-USP. Most frequently prescribed drug in the treatment of specific type cancers such as
Breast cancer, Non-small cell lung cancer, and pancreatic cancer. It may lose its viability in
the liquid, so Lyophilization has been selected to convert the liquid form into solid
form.Bioavailability of drug is 100% by intra venous (Parenteral) route. Lyophilized drugs
can easil y dissolve in water for injections while reconstituting them. The reconstituted
dosage form is administered along with saline (NaCl) through i ntravenous route to
facilitate the isotonicity with blood. In the present work, Gemcitabine HCl was chosen as a
model drug, is an antineoplastic and an antimetabolite. It is used in the treatment of Non-
small cell lung cancer, breast cancer and pancreatic cancer.
Sediaan parenteral adalah produk farmasi yang diberikan selain dari rute oral,
contohnya Transfusi cairan dan suntikan. Syarat dari sediaan parenteral diantaranya yaitu
isotonik dan bebas dari partikel asing, seperti debu, serat, dll.
Obat yang paling sering diresepkan dalam pengobatan kanker jenis tertentu seperti
kanker payudara, kanker paru-paru non-sel kecil, dan kanker pankreas. Beberapa obat ini
mungkin kehilangan viabilitasnya dalam cairan, sehingga digunakan metode Lyophilization
atau memilih untuk mengubah bentuk cair menjadi bentuk padat. Bioavailabilitas obat 100%
melalui rute intra vena (Parenteral) yang mana bentuk sediaan dilarutkan dan diberikan
bersama dengan salin (NaCl) melalui rute intravena untuk memfasilitasi isotonisitas dengan
darah. Dalam penelitian ini, Gemcitabine HCl dipilih sebagai obat model, yang
mana berfungsi sebagai antineoplastik dan antimetabolit dan juga digunakan dalam
pengobatan kanker paru-paru sel Non-kecil, kanker payudara dan kanker pankreas.