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Table of Contents
1. Describe the contemporary concepts of innovation and organizational change ......................... 3
2 Assess the role of Innovation & Organizational change at Strategic Level for New Zealand
Organization .................................................................................................................................... 3
3 Describe at least three forms and types of innovation. Compare them with each other to
identify their strength and weakness ............................................................................................... 4
4 Compare two contemporary innovation frameworks .............................................................. 6
5 Identify the factors that Foster Innovation .............................................................................. 7
6 Describe different types of Innovation Strategy with respect to New Zealand Organization . 7
7 Analyze the importance of Professional Ethics & Values in Innovation. Illustrate your
answer with an example. ................................................................................................................. 9
8 Explain why Innovation May Require Change in an organization. ........................................ 9
9 Critically analyze the role of Leadership Role & Leadership Styles on Innovation & Change
Management .................................................................................................................................. 10
10 Discuss Resistance to change. Using individual ADKAR Model or Lewin Model, describe
the effectiveness of different approaches to manage resistance. .................................................. 11
11 Draw the Conclusion with respect to importance of Innovation & Change Management in
an organization .............................................................................................................................. 12
12 References ………………………………………………………………………………….12
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1. Describe the contemporary concepts of innovation and organizational change

Innovation & Organizational Change: Contemporary concepts

Innovation & Change has become a significant part of any organization as it helps in staying

competitive in the current business environment which demands the product & services to be

unique and has some value proposition. Innovation is defined as the productive process in which

new ideas are implemented and changed into reality & it adds value to the product & service &

helps the organization achieve competitive advantage. Change management is a concept which

means that the change should be made in the organizational policies, marketing, strategy, product

& services and should be managed effectively by the employees of that organization. It is

important that the employees in an organization should be encouraged to become innovative and

they should be trained to adapt with the organizational changes. (Edwards, 2000)

2 Assess the role of Innovation & Organizational change at Strategic Level for New

Zealand Organization

Innovation & Change at Organizational Strategic Level

 When an organization strives to stay competitive in the turbulent business environment, it

is necessary that the innovation & organizational change should be introduced at

Strategic level. Innovation has to be encouraged amongst the employees so that they can

generate some unique products & services & such directions can be initiated on the

strategic level.
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 Moreover the change in organizational infrastructure, policies, products & services has to

be implemented from this level as well. e.g. Countdown supermarket has applied

innovation & change management at their strategic management level and introduced

new services which help the customer in saving the money and earn rewards.

 With the advent of Information and communication technology, it is important that the

businesses in New Zealand strive to generate the spirit of innovation. Innovation plays an

crucial role to improve the business processes and in achieving economic environment

creativity. Conventional businesses need to generate spirit of innovation to strive in the

business and to compete with other giants in the industry. Innovation is not only

important in technological advancements within the company, it is also pivotal in

improving and optimising operations and sustainability practices, human resource

management and other management activities.

 Strategic management is a level that provides overall direction & guidelines to the

organization and its employees where particular goals & objectives are set which has to

be met by the people in an efficient way.

3 Describe at least three forms and types of innovation. Compare them with each

other to identify their strength and weakness

Forms of Innovation

Product Innovation Process Innovation Service Innovation

Product Innovation is that Process Innovation is that Service Innovation is another

form of innovation in which a form of innovation in which form of innovation in which

new product is manufactured new process or technology is the quality of service is

by company or an existing applied to manufacture any improved by introducing new

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product is updated with product. It minimizes the methods of services which

additional features product cost by change in performs in a better way

process and technology

Comparative Analysis of Innovation Types

Innovation has been categorized into four types which have been discussed below:

Incremental innovation: It is referred to that type of innovation in which the additional features

are introduced to the existing product or service which are then instigated in the existing market.

Strength: Cost Reduction, enhancement in the current features to produce a new version

Weakness: Company’s expenditure is raised.

Radical Innovation: Refers to a basic innovation type in which an organization decides to

launch a new and unique product or service in the market which that helps an organization to

achieve competitive advantage and stay ahead.

Strength: Quick Access to various resources, Improvement in Technical competencies

Weakness: Scarcity of Resources, Difficult to make people understand

Architectural Innovation: In Architectural innovation the main goal is to increase the

customers and in this case some new skills & technologies are implemented ad the product is

launched into a different market and when the concept becomes acceptable in the market it will

increase the sales and profit of the company.

Strength: Less risk, Increase in number of customers

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Weakness: Failure of product can be expected

Disruptive innovation: Disruptive innovation is a type of innovation in which businesses start

their products or services at the ground level in the market and slowly and continuously move up

in the market and thereby dislodging competitors in the market (Christensen, 2017).

Strength: Application of latest technology produces efficient product

Weakness: Chances of failure, associated with risks (Damanpour, 1989)

4 Compare two contemporary innovation frameworks

Comparison of Contemporary innovation frameworks

It is a model that helps in developing an outline for improved performance of a business or a

department. This model consists of various competencies that is applicable to diverse roles

within a company or its department. These competencies are developed in such a way that these

have some relevance to the company operations. The objective of this framework is development

of business goals for a company or department.

Ten types of innovation

It is an innovation framework given proposed by Doblin in 1981 for improving the profit margin

of a business by through 3 phases, viz. configuration, offering and experience. Configuration

consists of 4 sub-models which focus on profit, networking, business structure and operational

process. Offering consists of two sub models namely, product performance and product system.

Finally, experience categorises the rest four models, viz. service, channel, brand and consumer
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engagement. He objective of this model is to create innovation in almost all divisions of the

business and primarily focuses on making the business lucrative (Khandelwal, 2016).

5 Identify the factors that Foster Innovation

Factors Fostering Innovation

There are three factors, which help in fostering innovation in a company which is mentioned as

below:

 Culture: It is necessary that the organization creates a casual environment which

encourages the staff members to think different, propose new ideas, accept their ideas and

take risks to implement their ideas in order to generate an innovative product or service.

 Engagement: The staff members should be engaged in the brainstorming session which

is necessary to get more ideas for one product and service which makes employees feel

valuable and makes them active.

 External environment: External environmental factors such as change in political

atmosphere, improvement in social media, new legislature that ease the way of doing

business and advancement in technology play a piviotal role in fostering innovation

(Daft, 2016).

6 Describe different types of Innovation Strategy with respect to New Zealand

Organization

Types of Innovation Strategy adopted by New Zealand Organization

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Innovation Strategy is defined as the way through which an organization encourages innovation

& change in their organization. There are four types of innovation strategies which are compared

below that can be used by the companies to add innovation to their product & services.

 Proactive Strategy: Organizations that use the proactive approach gets the benefits that a

first mover can have and they are oriented strongly towards research. There are two types

of innovation which are used along this strategy i.e. radical innovation and incremental

innovation. E.g. Spark New Zealand uses Proactive Strategy in which they do research to

improve the telecommunication services and introduce innovation in their organization.

 Active Strategy In this strategy the current market and technology are defended when

the newly introduced products and services get a good response from the customers in the

market. This innovation strategy uses the incremental innovation type. For example,

companies like Microsoft and Dell have broad sources of knowledge and have

incremental innovation through applied R&D.

 Passive Strategy: The Passive strategy is used by the organization who seeks the

feedback from the customers and what they actually expect from the company. E.g.

Countdown supermarket uses the Passive strategy as they seek the feedback from their

customers to introduce something new as per their demands and they try their best to

meet their expectation level.

 Reactive Strategy: The Reactive strategy is used by those organizations which uses the

follower approach and pays more attention to the business operations. (Types of

innovation strategies, 2016)

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7 Analyze the importance of Professional Ethics & Values in Innovation. Illustrate

your answer with an example.

Role of Professional Ethics& Values in implementation of Innovation

Innovation is associated with the professional ethics and is primarily related to anything that

promotes the well being and wellness of humans. Hence, the Professional Ethics are relevant in

assessing the goals of innovation the process of innovation and then evaluate its outcomes. The

organizations must be capable of accepting the risks which may occur due to the process of

innovation and may ensure that it does not affect the others. It clearly means that innovation is

referred to the experiments that employees of an organization do to generate unique and new

ideas. Innovation can be acceptable or unacceptable which depends on the customers that it

meets their demands of not. Thus it is essentially required that the companies must adopt the

ethical code of conduct and professional value while innovating something new (Professional

Value & Ethics , 2007).

8 Explain why Innovation May Require Change in an organization.

Innovation needs Change

Innovation has been defined as the process where a new concept or services are introduced in the

market by application of existing or new technologies. This simply gives rise to the need for

making necessary changes in the organization policies and regulations to make the innovation

compatible (Dooley, 2008). The reasons for change for supporting innovation are mentioned

below:

Customer requirements:
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Changing customer requirements can apparently be a minor problem for any business but gets

troublesome if it starts affecting the turnover of any business. Change is customer requirement

happens due to new things coming in the market and the businesses have to innovate and

therefore change to keep their business going.

Competition in market: Whenever, any new product is launched by some company that is

innovative and has latest features, for example smartphones, there is a threat of market share

being drifted away to that company. To survive in the market and to be in race with the

competitors, it is important that other conventional businesses in the industry like Nokia must

innovate and change (Boundless, 2016).

Desire to grow: Desire to grow in the industry requires businesses to develop technologies,

products and services that are novel and new. For this, the company needs to innovate new

methods of achieving their desired state and this further requires change in the organisation

(Boundless, 2016).

9 Critically analyze the role of Leadership Role & Leadership Styles on Innovation &

Change Management

Evaluation of Leadership Role & Styles in encouraging Innovation & Change

Leadership is referred to the way through which the leaders in an organization give direction to

the staff members in order to achieve strategic goals. It has been widely observed that innovation

and change management has become vital part of an organization as the competition in the

market is so high. Here it is the responsibility of the leaders that they choose the right leadership

style to encourage their subordinates to introduce something new that helps the company to

increase the value proposition. There are three different style of leadership as described by
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change leader Kurt Lewin (Borins, 2002). These are : Autocratic leadership, democratic

leadership and Laissez faire leaders.

Autocratic Leaders decide without consulting their team members. They do not care about the

input of their subordinates even if their inputs are beneficial for the team. This style is

demoralising and leads to several conflicts in the team and failure of projects eventually

(Mindtools Team, 2017).

Democratic leaders are the final deciders in the team but they take inputs from all team members.

These leaders proliferate high levels of creativity in the team and people feel highly satisfied

with their jobs.

Laisse faire leadership style provides excessive freedom to the team members in doing their

work and how they set their deadlines. These leaders are very supportive and they also provide

resources to the people if needed. This type of leadership is fulfilling for the company and team

members but the drawback is that it gives a lot of freedom to the team members and they mat not

have that efficient time management skills (Mindtools Team, 2017).

10 Discuss Resistance to change. Using individual ADKAR Model or Lewin Model,

describe the effectiveness of different approaches to manage resistance.

Resistance to change and Lewin Model

Resistance to change: It is defined as the steps taken by the employees of an organization when

they realize that the changes introduced by their company may affect their position in the

company. A model for organizational change i.e. Lewin Model provides the approach for
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resistance to change and consist of three components i.e. unfreezing, changing and refreezing

that helps to understand the process of change management & have been discussed below:

 Unfreezing: It means the organization has to understand that the existing product and

service is creating a hindrance for the organization when the current business

environment is being witnessed.

 Changing: It means that transition has to be applied to the current business operations to

generate something new.

 Refreezing: It is defined as the implementation of newly developed product or service in

the existing market.

11 Draw the Conclusion with respect to importance of Innovation & Change

Management in an organization

Conclusion & significance of Innovation & Change Management

From the above analysis it can be stated that innovation & change management is very important

in a business organization. As we know that Change is the law of nature and in this regard when

we witness the existing business environment it is necessary that the change is introduced in a

company and its business operations at regular intervals that help in matching the pace of

competition. Similarly Innovation has become equally important as the customer always expects

something new and unique from the companies that kindle the need of introducing something

unique. Therefore it can be concluded that innovation and change should be promoted in an

organization so that it becomes easy for the companies to meet the customer demands and

achieve the competitive advantage. (Factors that affect change, 2017)

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References

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Borins, S. (2002). Leadership and innovation in the public sector. Leadership & Organization
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Boundless. (2016, June 1). Inside and Outside Forces for Organizational Change. Retrieved
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Christensen, C. (2017). Disruptive Innovation. Retrieved from

http://www.claytonchristensen.com/key-concepts/

Daft, R. L. (2016). Innovation fostering features. Retrieved from Boundless.com:

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Edwards, T. (2000). . Innovation and organizational change: Developments towards an

interactive process perspective. echnology Analysis & Strategic Management, 445-464.

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management.org/types-of-innovation.html
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Khandelwal, N. (2016, Feb 6). Understanding Doblin’s 10 types of innovations with examples.
Retrieved from Medium: https://medium.com/@hwabtnoname/understanding-doblin-s-
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