MINISTRY OF INTERIOR

CIVIL DEFENSE BUILDING

1. HVAC DESIGN REPORT

GENERAL

Space cooling is required to remove heat generated by solar radiation and transmission, lights, powers
people in order to maintain the space comfort temperature.
All building will be provided with appropriate air conditioning systems. Package units and mini split units
A/C will be used in this respect to provide cooling in buildings.
Air distribution is required in such a manner so as to distribute air evenly throughout the conditioned space in
order to maintain consistent temperatures and comfort levels without objectionable noise. Therefore insulated
sheet metal duct with aluminum air outlets will be provided to distribute the air.
Cooling load calculations and equipment cooling capacities shall be based on ASHRAE latest fundamentals
Handbook.
Ventilation is required in order to maintain a balance of oxygen, carbon dioxide and other gases. For crowded
area building will be ventilated by exhaust system consisting of exhaust fans with exhaust duct work and
exhaust grills.

2. DESIGN CRITERIA:

2.1 APPLICABLE CODES AND STANDARDS:

1. HVAC systems shall be designed in accordance with the latest issue of the following:
2. ASHRAE standard & hand books (Latest version).
3. NFPA codes.
4. SMACNA manuals.
5. UBC
6. UL (underwriters Laboratories)

2.2 DESIGN PARAMETERS:

HVAC systems shall be designed according to the following conditions:

(a)Outdoor design conditions:

i. Project Location : Riyadh – KSA

ii. Latitude : 25 °N.
iii. Longitude : -46.72oE
iv. Altitude : 620-M
v. Dry Bulb Temperature : 46°C (Summer) & 5°C (Winter)
vi. Wet Bulb Temperature : 25 oC
vii. Mean Daily Range : 18 oC

(b)Indoor design conditions:

i. Dry Bulb temperature : 24°C±l°C (Summer) & 22°C for VIP room
ii. Relative Humidity : 60% (Max.)

(c) Ventilation requirements:

Ventilation rate for various spaces of the building will be as per latest ASHRAE standard as follows:

H-1
MINISTRY OF INTERIOR
CIVIL DEFENSE BUILDING

Table (1) Ventilation rate requirement

SPACE DESCRIPTION MINIMUM VENTILATION RATE L/S

Office space, studio 8 L/S per person
Conference room, prayer hall & auditorium 8 L/S per person
Mosque, prayer hall 4 L/S per person
Interior circulation 0.25 L/S per m2
Dormitory 8 L/S per person
Gymnasium 10 L/S per person
Dinning hall, cafeteria, lounge 8 L/S per person
Storage 0.75 L/S per m2 (Exhaust)
Mechanical Room 2 L/S per m2 (Exhaust)
Private WC 18 L/S (Exhaust)
Public WC 25 L/S per WC or urinal (Exhaust)

(a) Permissible noise level:

Permissible noise level due to HVAC equipment will be restricted as per

ASHRAE recommendations as follows:

Table (2) Noise level

SPACE DESCRIPTION NOISE LEVEL (dbA)

Bedroom, living room 35
Conference room, lecture hall & prayer hall. 35
Private office 35
Auditorium dining hall space 40
Interior circulation & reception cafeteria 45
Studio 30

2.3 BUILDING THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS:

HVAC load shall be calculated based upon the following estimated thermal resistances that minimize
the system capital & running costs and realize energy saving:
-

THERMAL
ELEMENT RESISTANCE (R)
2
* M °C/W

External wall (double with 50mm thermal insulation) 2.00

Roof (double with 50mm thermal insulation) 2.00
Vision glass (double glazing) & shading coefficient (0.3) 0.45

* These values will be adjusted during design development

H-2
MINISTRY OF INTERIOR
CIVIL DEFENSE BUILDING

2.4 LIGHTING AND EQUIPMENT LOADS:

Heat gain due to lighting and appliances to be assumed as (25 watt/rn2) the actual lighting and
appliances loads shall be taken into consideration during the development of design.

2.5 DESIGN PROGRAMS:

Cooling and heating load shall be computed by the last edition of the international program (ELITE).

3. PROPOSED HVAC SYSTEMS:

All the building may be provided with package unit A/C system, split unit A/C system or both the type of A/C
system the application of package type A/C system or split type A/C system will be depend on the type of
building (Open big area)

3.1 PACKAGE UNIT A/C SYSTEM

Roof mounted air conditioners ‘constant volume’ type shall be used to air condition the
required space in summer. Package unit shall be in general comprised of the following:

o Supply air centrifugal fan, motor and starter

o Cooling Coil
o Electric Heating Coil.
o Return air filter (Washable type)
o Mixing box.

The temperature shall be controlled in the A/C space by providing thermostat in the return air
duct.

The building will be kept under positive pressure to prevent the dust to penetrate into the
building with outside infiltration.
In all areas air diffusers and registers will be sized to minimize noise and prevent undesirable
air movement.

Outside air introduced into the building will be first filtered by sand trap louver and washable
type filter then mixed with return air.

3.2 SPLIT UNIT A/C SYSTEM

The split unit of ‘concealed / exposed’ type shall be used to air condition the required space in
summer. The split type A/C unit is comprised of the following:

o Indoor units / FCU

o Our door unit / condensing unit

3.3 AIR DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

Conditioned supply air will be distributed through insulated low pressure ductwork to all conditioned
spaces.

H-3
MINISTRY OF INTERIOR
CIVIL DEFENSE BUILDING

Return air will be drawn from the conditioned spaces via false ceiling plenum, and collected by a
return duct to the package unit and concealed split unit.

4. VENTILATION SYSTEM (ALL BUILDINGS)

I. I, All enclosed portions of the buildings, customarily used by occupants (whether conditioning or
not). Shall be provided with fresh ventilated air to overcome odors, toxic gas, and realize a high level
of comfort.

II. Ventilation requirements shall be in accordance of latest ASHRAE standard.

III. Mechanical exhaust air system shall be provided to all toilets, stores, electric room, mechanical room
& all service room in the building, by using roof top exhaust fans with exhaust duct system to outside.

IV. The exhaust air shall not exceed the fresh air inside the building to keep the building under positive
pressure (minimum 5% of supply air shall be maintained inside the building).

V. All fresh air intakes shall contain sand trap louver and insect screen.

5. FIRE AND SMOKE CONTROL

I. Fire dampers shall be provided in any duct (supply, return & exhaust) penetrating any fire rated wall,
roof & floor.

II. Smoke detectors shall be provided in the main duct of supply & return of the Package unit to stop the
unit and to prevent spreading of the smoke to adjacent areas.

III. For crowded and open big area smoke exhaust shall be provided for smoke evacuation.

6. HVAC SYSTEM OF EACH BUILDING

6.1 CENTRAL DINNING & KITCHEN, MOSQUE,

AND AUDITORIUM

This building shall, be provided with Package unit A/C system with fresh air.

6.2 CLASS ROOM BUILDING

This building shall, be provided with ducted / concealed type split A/c system. Un-treated
fresh air should be supply with the help of sand trap louver, filter and fan. Fresh air duct shall
be provided above false ceiling to distribute fresh plenum type for each A/C Indoor Split
Unit. Package unit A/C system in the Ground floor for crowded and open big area as shown in the
mechanical drawing.

6.3 COMMAND HEAD QUARTERS BUILDING

This building shall, be provided with ducted / concealed type split A/c system. Un-treated fresh air

H-4
MINISTRY OF INTERIOR
CIVIL DEFENSE BUILDING

should be supply with the help of sand trap louver, filter, and fan. Fresh air duct shall be provided
above false ceiling to distribute fresh plenum type for each A/C Indoor split unit.

6.4 DETENTION & SECURITY

This building shall, be provided with exposed type split A/c system. For office area because no
enough places in the corridor to install ducted / concealed unit so exposed units have installed and for
detention rooms ducted / concealed unit shall be provided. Treated fresh air should be provided by
using DX type AHU with condensing unit located at roof. Treated fresh air will be supplied for each
office with supply air grill.

6.5 DORMITORY BUILDING

This building shall be, provided with ducted / concealed type split A/C system. Un-treated
fresh air should be supply with the help of sand trap louver, filter and fan. Fresh air duct shall be
provided above false ceiling.

6.6 GRAND STAND

This building shall, be provided with ducted / concealed type split A/c system without fresh air.

6.7 RECREATION & SPORTS BUILDING

This building shall, be provided with Package unit A/C system. Except entrance area of office should
be provided with ducted / concealed type A/c system. Un-treated fresh air should be supply with the
help of sand trap louver, filter and fan. Fresh air will supply above false ceiling.

6.8 SHOOTING RANGE

This building shall, be provided with ducted / concealed type split A/c system. Un-treated fresh
air should be supply with the help of sand trap louver, filter and fan. Fresh air will supply above false
ceiling.

6.9 STOREHOUSE BUILDING

This building shall, be provided ventilation system (Fresh air intake and Exhaust Fan)

6.10 TRAINING BUILDING

This building shall, be provided with Package unit A/C system with fresh air.

6.11 UNDERGROUND WATER TANK / SEWAGE TREATMENT TANK

Pump room of underground water tank and plant room of sewage treatment tank will be ventilated
only.

H-5
MINISTRY OF INTERIOR
PASSPORT BUILDING

H-6