Math-2451-501 Multivariable Calculus Summer 2010

Homework 4
Due on: July 5, 2010.

Name:

Instructions: Please solve all the following problems. Show all your work in a clear and organized fashion.
You may use your textbook and notes. Work on your own and do not discuss the problems with your
classmates or anyone else. Please let me know if you have any questions concerning the problems or if you
need some hints.

1. a) Without using calculus …nd the absolute maximum and minimum values of the function
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f (x; y) = x2 + y 2

on the disk x2 + y 2 1:
b) A curve C in space is de…ned implicitly on the the cylinder x2 + y 2 = 1 by the additional equation

x2 xy + y 2 z 2 = 1:

Find the point or points on C closest to the origin.

2. Let f : R ! R be of class C 1 . Let

u = f (x)
v = y + xf (x)

and consider a point (x0 ; y0 ) such that f 0 (x0 ) 6= 0. Show that this transformation of R2 to R2 is invertible
near (x0 ; y0 ) and …nd its inverse.

3. Let c be the path c(t) = (2t; t2 ; log(t)) de…ned for t > 0.

a) Find velocity of c at t = 1.
b) Find the arc length of c between the two points (2; 1; 0) and (4; 4; log(2)).

4. Let c be a path in R3 with zero acceleration. Prove that c is a straight line or a point.

5. Let F(x; y; z) = 3z 4 i + yj z 2 k be a vector …eld on R3 . Show that the path c(t) = ( t13 ; et ; 1t ) is a
‡ow line of the vector …eld F.

6. Show that F = (x2 + y 2 )i 2xyj is not a gradient …eld.

7. Use a system of inequalities to describe the solid tetrahedron with sides z = 0; y = 0; x + z = 1 and
x = y:

Do one of the following problems:

1. a) Suppose f; g : R ! R are continuous on [a; 1) and di¤erentiable on (a; 1). Show that if f (a) = g (a)
and f 0 (x) < g 0 (x) for x > a then f (x) < g (x) for x > a:
b) Show that log (1 + x ) < x for 1 and x > 0:
c) Argue that a < b implies ea < eb .
d) Use only parts b and c of this exercise along with the fact that e < to prove e < e .

2. Suppose (x0 ; y0 ) is a critical point of a quadratic function f (x; y) = ax2 + bxy + cy 2 where abc 6= 0
and the discriminant D is such that D < 0. Show that there are points (x; y) near (x0 ; y0 ) at which
f (x; y) > f (x0 ; y0 ) and, similarly, points for which f (x; y) < f (x0 ; y0 ) :

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 3. Parameterize the intersection of the plane x + y + z = 1 with the sphere x2 + y 2 + z 2 = 1:

4. Let P be a point on a surface S in R3 de…ned by the equation f (x; y; z) = 1, where f is of class C 1 .

Suppose that P is a point where the distance from the origin to S is maximized. Use Lagrange multipliers
to show that the vector emanating from the origin and ending at P is orthogonal to S.