Name of the student Roll No •

THAPAR UNIVERSITY, PATIALA

DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
BE-CHE (IV- Semester) ESE UCH402: HEAT TRANSFER
May 19, 2016 Time:3Hrs (9 AM -12 Noon)
Maximum Marks (MM): 100 Name of Faculty: Dr. Avinash Chandra

Note:
• Answer all the questions.
• Answer all parts of the question at the same place only, otherwise it may attract negative marks.
• Complete answer of any question should be written in one place only, otherwise it may attract negative marks.
• Repeat of correct answer of any question may attract zero marks.
• State all suitable assumption wherever necessary (if any).
• Define all variables with dimensions.
• Draw the neat and clean diagrams, wherever required.

Q. No. Question Description MM

I a) Consider a potato being baked in an oven that is maintained at a constant temperature. The 4
temperature of the potato is observed to rise by 5°C during the first minute. Will the temperature
rise during the second minute be less than, equal to, or more than 5°C? Why?

b) Consider a sphere and a cylinder of equal volume made of copper. Both the sphere and the cylinder 4
are initially at the same temperature and are exposed to convection in the same environment. Which
do you think will cool faster, the cylinder or the sphere? Why?

c) Consider film condensation on the outer surfaces of four long tubes. For which orientation of the 4
tubes will the condensation heat transfer coefficient be the highest: (i) vertical, (ii) horizontal side
by side, (iii) horizontal but in a vertical tier (directly on top of each other), or (iv) a horizontal stack
of two tubes high and two tubes wide?

d) There are two heat exchangers that can meet the heat transfer requirements of a facility. Both have 4
the same pumping power requirements, the same useful life, and the same price tag. But one is
heavier and larger in size. Under what conditions would you choose the smaller one?

e) Consider an enclosure consisting of 12 surfaces. How many view factors does this geometry 4
involve? How many of these view factors can be determined by the application of the reciprocity
and the summation rules?

Write short note on following

a) Evaporater and their classification; explain any one in detail 4
b) Components of shell and tube heat exchangers 4
c) Overall heat trasnfer coefficient 4
d) LMTD for parallel and counter flow 4
e) Fluid allocation: tube side vs shell side 4

3 a) In a food processing facility, a spherical container of inner radius r1 = 40 cm, outer radius r2 = 41 15
cm, and thermal conductivity k = 1.5 W/m • °C is used to store hot water and to keep it at 100°C at
all times. To accomplish this, the outer surface of the container is wrapped with a 500-W electric
strip heater and then insulated. The temperature of the inner surface of the container is observed to
be nearly 100°C at all times. Assuming 10 percent of the heat generated in the heater is lost through
the insulation,
(i) Express the differential equation and the boundary conditions for steady one-dimensional heat
conduction through the container,
(ii) Obtain a relation for the variation of temperature in the container material by solving the
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Name of the student Roll No •
differential equation, and.
(iii) Evaluate the outer surface temperature of the container. Also determine how much water at
100°C this tank can supply steadily if the cold water enters at 20°C.
The thermal conductivity is given to be k = 1.5 W/m.°C. and specific heat of water at the average
temperature of 60 °C is 4.185 kJ/kg.°C

b) Glycerin (CP 2400 J/kg • °C) at 20°C and 0.3 kg/s is to be heated by ethylene glycol (Cp = 2500 10
J/kg.°C) at 60°C in a thin-walled double-pipe parallel-flow heat exchanger. The temperature
difference between the two fluids is 15°C at the outlet of the heat exchanger. If the overall heat
transfer coefficient is 240 W/m2 • °C and the heat transfer surface area is 3.2 m2, determine (i) the
rate of heat transfer, (ii) the outlet temperature of the glycerin, and (iii) the mass flow rate of the
ethylene glycol.

4 a) A shell and tube heat exchanger with 2-shell passes and 8-tube passes is used to heat ethyl alcohol 10
(Cp = 2670 J/kg • °C)in the tubes from 25°C to 70°C at a rate of 2.1 kg/s. The heatingis to be done
by water (Cp = 4190 J/kg °C) that enters the shellside at 95°C and leaves at 45°C. If the overall
heat transfer coefficientis 950 W/m2 °C, determine the heat transfer surface areaof the heat
exchanger. The specific heats of water and ethyl alcohol are given to be 4.19 and 2.67kJ/kg.°C,
respectively. Fouling factor = 0.77.

b) A furnace is of cylindrical shape with R = H = 2 m. The base, top, and side surfaces of the furnace 1
are all black and are maintained at uniform temperatures of 500, 700, and 1200 K, respectively.
Determine the net rate of radiation heat transfer to or from the top surface during steady operation.
The view factor from the base to the top surface of the cylinder is F12 = 0.38. where a = 5.67 x 1 04
W/m2

Steam at 40°C condenses on the outside of a 3-cm diameter thin horizontal copper tube by cooling 15
water that entersthe tube at 25°C at an average velocity of 2 m/s and leaves at35°C. Determine the
rate of condensation of steam, the averageoverall heat transfer coefficient between the steam and
thecooling water, and the tube length. The heat transfer coefficient for condensation on a single
horizontal tube is determined using the following correlation
• 31
1/ 4
$P1 (Pi — Pv)hikki
ho = hhothonta = 0-729
frt (Teat —Ts )D
And the average heat transfer coefficient for flow inside the tube is determined DittusBoelter
equation
Nu = 0.073Re08 prOA
Data:
The properties of water at 40°C arehfg 72407x103J/kg; p, = 0.05 kg/m3;
The properties of liquid water at the film and bulk temperature are
At 35°C: At 30°C:
= 994.0 kg / m3 = 996.0 kg / M3
= 0.720 x10-3kg/ m - s -fitI pi — 0.801x 10-6 m2 I S
C pi = 4178 J/kg-°C C pt = 4178 J/kg-°C
= 0.623 W/ m-°C = 0.615 W/ m-°C
Pr =5.4/

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