UNIT # 01

MOLE CONCEPT EXERCISE # 1

4. No. of molecule (   )= Mole × N A 15. H2 : He : O2 : O3
N = nN A no. of atoms=2N A : 1N A : 2N A : 2NA
5. At STP or NTP volume of any gas (STP NTP 
) = 22.4 L =2 : 1 : 2 : 3
6. 1 gram ion = 1 mole ion = N A ion 16. 63
Cu 65
Cu
1 mol Al 3+ ion = N A × 3 % abundance(% ) x 100 – x
Charge (e) on 1 mol Al3+ ion = NA × 3 × e columb. M 1 x1  M 2 x 2
(1  Al 3+ ion  
= N A × 3 × e columb.) Avg. mass (  ) = x1  x 2
7. No. of molecules (   ) = mole × N A
63  x  65(100  x)
i.e., mole is equal then no. of molecules are also 63.546 
100
equal ( 6354.6 = 63x + 6500 – 65 x
 ) 2x = 145.4  x = 70%
wt 54 17. % by wt. of H 2O (H 2O  
%)
  2mol
8. Mole of Al =
At wt 27 wt. of H 2 O (H 2 O 
)
 100
Total wt. of compound (  
=
that is same for Mg atom ( Mg 
)
 ) 13 
18 x
 100
wt 18 x  120
So mol of Mg = x = 1
24
wt = 2 × 24 = 48 g. 18. % Mol Simples ratio()
10. No. of oxygen atom = mole × N A × atomicity. C 85.7 85.7/12 = 7.14 7.14/7.14 = 1 1
( = × NA × 
) H 14.3 14.3/1 = 14.3 14.3/7.14 = 2 2
1 NA  Emperical formal (  ) =
CH 2
(A) = × NA × 1 =  PMw = DRT
16 16
1 NA DRT 2.5  .0821  273
(B) = × NA × 2 = Mw = = = 56
32 16 P 1
Molecular wt.( ) 56
1 NA  4
(C) = × NA × 3 = n =
Ewt.( 
) 14
48 16
Molecular formula (  
) = n × E.F.
all are same.
= 4 × CH 2
11. (NH 4 ) 3 PO 4
= C 4H 8
12 mol hydrogen atom contain = 4 atom of oxygen
1 9 . Element % Mole Simplest ratio
(12 
= 4 )
() ( ) 
4
1 mol hydrogen atom contain = C 70.8 70.8/12 = 6 6/03 = 20 2 0
12
3.18 mol hydrogen atom contain (3.18  H 6.2 6.2/1 = 6 6/03 = 20 2 0
4 N 4.1 4.1/14 = .3 1 1
  ) =  × 3.18 = 1.08 mole O 18.9 18.9/16 = 1.2 4 4
12
12. Mass of 1 e – (1 e –   ) = 9.31 × 10 –31 kg E.F. = C 20 H 20 NO 4
1 2 1 . M + 6F  MF 6
1 kg = 31 23 Mole of M = Mole of MF 6
9.31  10  6.02  10
10 8 wt

wt
=
9.31  6.023 Mole wt Mol. wt
13. 100 g compound contain (100 g
) = 5.37 .25 .547

g Nitrogen (
) x x  19  6
28.5 + .25x = .547x
100
1 g Nitrogen =  14 = 260.7 28.5 = .297 x  x = 95.959
5.37
so element ( ) is = Mo
22. NaOH contain 3 mole of O atoms (NaOH 
O
Density ( 
) of O 3

3 
) 28. R.D. = Density ( 
) of O 2
so mol of NaOH ( N aOH  
) = 3 mol
wt. of NaOH (NaOH  
)= 3 × 40 = 120 g at same temp. & pressure of density  Mw

 Mw 
120
% purity (% 
) =  100  12%
Mw ( 
) of O 3 48 3
1000     1.5
Mw ( 
) of O 2 32 2
23. Molarity of Cl– (Cl –  
)
29. x A = 0.2
M 1 V1  M 2 V2
= Total vol.(  ) x H 2 O  1  0.2  0.8
wt of H 2 O = 0.8 × 18 = 14.4 g
=
15  .2  2  45  .45  3
=
60
 1M Molality (
)
15  45 60
X C 2 H 5 OH  .25 moles of solute (   )
24. =
wt. of solvent ( ) (H 2 O )in kg
X H 2 O  .75
n C 2 H 5 OH  .25 .2  1000
  13.8
w C 2 H 5 OH  .25  46  11.5g 14.4

n H 2 O  .75 30. 2.8 % by mass volume solution of KOH (KOH 

 2.8 %)
% wt of C 2 H 5 OH (C 2 H 5 OH % 
)
i.e., 2.8 g KOH in 100 ml solution ( 
100
11.5 ml  
2.8 g KOH)
=  100 = 45%
11.5  13.5
2.8
25. Mole of NO 3PO 4 (NO 3PO 4  
) = 20 × .40 molarity ( 
) =  .5 M
56  .1
= 8 m mol = .008 mol
31. Molality of H2SO4 (H2SO4  
)= .2 mol/kg
+
Na3PO4 contain 3Na ion (Na3PO4 
3Na+ 
)
.2 mol H 2SO 4 then wt (.2 
H 2SO 4  
)
= 3 × .008 = .024 mol = .20 × 98 = 19.6 g
27. Molality of H 2SO 4 is 9 (H 2SO 4  9 
) wt. of solvent (  
) = 1 kg = 1000 g
i.e. 9 mole of H2SO 4 in 1 kg solvent (
1 kg wt of solution (   
) = 19.6 + 1000
 9 
H2SO4  ) = 1019.6 g
1 kg solvent contain = 9 mole H2SO4 (1 kg  32. Molarity 
 
= 9 mole H 2SO 4 )
moles of solute (   
)
1 kg solvent contain = 9 × 98 wt of H 2SO 4 (1 kg
vol of solution (  )
=
 =9 × 98 wt H 2SO 4)
1000 kg solvent contain (1000 kg  )  100  10 3
mol of solution ( 
) =
= 9 × 98/1000 × 910 .8
910 kg solvent contain (910 kg  )  = 125 mL
= 802.62 g 33. Moles of solute ( 
)
wt. of solvent ( 
) = 910 g
6.02  10 22
wt. of solution ( 
) = 802.62 + 910 =  0.1 mol
NA
= 1712.62 g
x% by wt (  
x%) concentration of solution( 
)

wt of solute ( 
) =
moles
=  100
wt of solution ( 
) vol

802.62 .1  1000
  100 = 46.87 =  .2
1712.62 500
MOLE CONCEPT EXERCISE # 2
w  2
1. 38.5%   Ag i.e. 38.5 g Ag contain in 100 g 11. KClO 3  KCl + O2
w 2
solution
3
1 mole mol
w 2
 38.5%   Ag 
100 g  
38.5 g Ag
w 3
1 × 122.5 g  32
Molarity (
) 2

moles of solute ( 

  
) 3
 32
=
Vol.of solution 1  2 = 0.3918
122.5
38.5  146
= = 52.1 mol L –1 % Loss ( 
) = 0.3918 × 100 = 39.18
108  1
13. C6 H 5NH 2+HNO 2+HCl C 6H 5 N 2+ Cl – + 2H 2 O
moles of solute (   
)
2. ppm =  10 6 C 6 H 5 N 2 + Cl – + KI  C 6 H 5 I + N 2 + KCl
mass of solution ( )
nP = nr × R 1 × R 2
400 moles of solute ( 
  
)
 100 =  100 moles of C 6 H 5 I = mole of C 6 H 5 NH 2 × R 1 × R 2
100 mass of solution (  )
wt. 9.3
Mass ( 
) % = 0.04  1 1
204 93
3. Molarity (
) wt. = 20.4 g

(w / w )  d  10 % yield of C 6H 5I (C 6H 5I % 

)
Molar mass of solute ( 
 
=
) 16.32
= × 100 = 80%
20.4
12  1.313  10
=
40 14. Let assume % of H is x (H %, x 
)

mol of solute (  

) 12  1.131  10
% of H (H %) = x

Vol 
=
40 % of C (C %) = 6x
Vol = 1.47 L 7x
% of N (N %) =
1.5
48  1.150  10
4. Molarity ( 
) =  8.9mol L –1 Element % Ratio of mol Simplest
81
() (
) ( )
40  1.05  10
5. Molarity ( 
) =  6.77 M H x x/1 = 1 6
62
6. Molality (
) C 6x 6x/12 =1/2 3
7x 7x 1
moles of solute (  
) N  2
1.5 1.5  14 3
mass of solvent in kg ( kg 
)
 F.F = C 3 H 6 N 2


160  1000
 25 m atomic mass ( 
) = 70
32  200
molar mass (  
) = 140
7. 7 XeF 6 + 3I2  6 IF7 + 7Xe 15. mole simple ratio
7 mol 6 mol (
) ()

1 % X 50 50/10 2
% Y 50 50/20 1
6
 210  180 m mol E.F = X 2 Y
210 7
16. 7 g Na contain salt (7 g Na 
)=100g 6  10 3
20. wt. of 1 molecule (1   
) =
100 6.02  10 23
 23
1 g  =
7 volume occupied by its (
)
23 g  = 329 mass ( ) 6  10 3 / 6.03  10 23
= = mL
17. mole (
) atom (
) density ( 
) 1.1

12.8 = 9.1 × 10 –21 cc

% N = 12.8 12.8/14 NA
14 22. MnO 2 + 4HCl  MnCl 2 + Cl 2 + 2H 2 O
9.8
% S = 9.8 9.8/32  NA L.G
14
4 × 36.5  71
7
% Na = 7 7/23  NA
23 71
1   0.486 g
4  36.5
7
  N A atom of Na contain 23. molality (
)
23
M  1000 18  1000
7 12.8 = =  500
(Na   NA 
) =  N A of N 1000 d  M M w 1000  1.8  18  98
23 14
24. 3O 2 + 4Al  2Al 2 O 3 O
 1 atom of Na contain (Na 1  
) 
3  4
= 3 atom of N
4 3
7 9.8 1  
  N A atom of Na contain =  N A of S 3 2
23 32
3
7 9.8  = 2 mol × 27 = 54 g
(Na   NA 
= S   NA ) 2
23 32
25. % by wt. of H 2 O (H 2 O   %)
 1 atom of Na contain
wt.of H 2 O (H 2 O 
)
 100
(Na 1  
) =  
9.8 23
= 1 atom
= Total wt.( )
32 7
18 x
18. 2 CO (NH2)2  NH2 – CO – NH – CO – NH2 50 =  100
142  18 x
+ 6NH 3
71 + 9x = 18x
2 molecule  1 molecule
x = 71/9 = 7.88  8
2 22
 10 22 molecule  10 26. wt. of carbon = 21 × 12 g
1
 69.98 g carbon contain 100 g cortisone (69.98
2  10 22
mol = g
100 g 
)
6.02  10 23
 1 g carbon contain 100 g cortisone (1 g  
2  10 22
mass =  60 = 1.99 100
6.02  10 23 
100 g ) = 
69.98

19. X 4 O 6  X + 3O 2 100
 21 × 12g  = × 21 × 12 = 360.10
69.98
4 X n XO 6 = n X

10 5.72 4 3 56
4X = r   1.4
4 x  96 x 27. no. of mol =3 100
56
40x = 5.72 × 4x + 96 × 5.72
4 1.4
17.12 x = 549.12 x = 32 amu =  3.14  (7) 3   20
3 100
30. 10% (v/v) HCl
33. (a) In 100 mL (140 g) solution mass of solute (100
100 ml contain 10 ml HCl (100 ml 
10 ml HCl)
mL (140 g)   
) = 70
10% (v/v) NaOH i.e. 100 ml contain 10 mL NaOH

density ( 
) of NaOH = 1.5 density of HCl =
70
 46 = 23 g
140

M  M
V = 1.5   Mass of solute ( 
  
) / 46
 NaOH  V HCl (b) 10 M =
50
1  1000
Resultant = Basic
Mass of solute (  
) = 23 g
(
)= 
(c) 100 g solution contain 25 g of solute mass of
 y y 25
31. C xH y +  x   O 2     xCO 2 + H O solute =  50 = 12.5]
 4 2 2 100
(100 g 
25 g 
)
 y ay
a x  4  a ax
  2
Mass of solute ( 
 
) / 46
(d) 5 M =
46 / 1000
 y
a +  x   a = 600
4
 Mass of solute (   
) = 10.58 g
y
ax + a = 700
2 34. Molarity (
)
6x + 3y = 7 + 7x + 7y/4
X (volume(  ) ) 28
=   2.5
11.2 11.2
7  x  5y / 4
M  1000
x < 5 m =
d  1000  M M w
put the value ()  m = 13.8
H 2O 2
if x = 3 10 = 5y/4 y = 8 2.5 moles in 1 L solution (1 L 
2.5 
)

Ans is C 3 H 8 d = 265 g/L, mass (

) = 265 solution ()

2.5
n = 10 =  0.2
32. B H 2 PtCl 6  Pt H 2O 10  2.5
POAc on Pt w wt.of solute ( 
 
)
% 
V volume of solution ( ) (mL )
 w1 n
M B =  w  195  410  2 , 10  18
 2  =  100
1000
n = diacidic org. base ()
= 2
w
= %  18%
 12  V
=   195  410   58
 5 
MOLE CONCEPT EXERCISE # 3
COMPREHENSION # 1 100  2.06  10 6
2. mole of Fe3Br8 (Fe3Br8 
)=
103  70  8
1. The cost of 1000 gm KCl is 50 kg
(1000 gm KCl  50 kg 
) mole of Fe = mole FeBr2 =
2.06  10 3  100  100
3
103  70  60  8
The cost of 74.5 g KCl is (74.5 g KCl  )
2.06  10 3  100  100 3
50 mass of Fe =  56 
=  74.5  3.73 mol –1 103  70  60 8
1000
mass of Fe = 10 3 kg
2. the price of K 2SO 4 (K 2SO 4  )
mole of NaBr
50 3. mole of CO 2 (CO 2  
=
2
=  74.5  2  Rs. 42.82 kg –1
174 2.06  10 3
=  10
1000 103  2
3. mole of K in KCl (KCl 
K  
) =
74.5 COMPREHENSION # 4
 13.42 1. CO 2 = 22 g = 0.5 mol
mole of K 2O form 13.42 mole of K (K 2O   13.5
H 2 O = 13.5 g = mol.
13.42 18
K 13.42  
) = = 6.71
2 C = 0.5 mol = 6 g
mass of K 2O (K 2O  
)
H = 1.5 mol = 1.5 g
= 6.71 × 94 = 630.8 gm = 0.631 kg
O = 8 gm = 0.5 mol
COMPREHENSION # 2
E.F. = CH 3 O
1. amt mole fraction
let molar mass = M
 
C 0.2732 0.0227 1 6 27 41.75

108 M  1  108
H 0.0382 0.0382 1.68 10
Ca 0.152 0.0038 0.167 1  M = –107 + 167 = 60
O 0.3540 0.0227 1 6 E.F. mass = 12 + 3 + 16 = 31
Simplest formula (  ) n =
274
2
C 6 H 10 CaO 6 31
M.F. = (CH 3 O) 2
CaO 6 C 6 H 10
= C 2H 6O 2
2. Formula weight (  
)
COMPREHENSION # 5
3. The molecular mass of lactate pentahydrate = 308
1. Ba(OH)2 + 2HNO 3    Ba(NO3)2 + 2H 2O
(
= 308)
0.4 mole 0.4mole
218 gm anhydrous salt recovered = 308 g lactate
In resultant sol. Ba(OH 2) is remaning, therefore
pentahydrate
nature of sol. basic.
308 (
Ba(OH2) 
1 gm anhydrous salt recovered =  1.41 gm
218 
)
COMPREHENSION # 3 2. Vol. of Ba(OH) 2 (Ba(OH) 2  )
1. 8 mole NaBr obtain from(8
NaBr 
) 
342
= 3 mole Fe (Fe 3  ) =
0.57
 600 mL

2.06  10 3 mole of OH – (OH –  

) = 0.2 × 2 = 0.4
mole of Fe = mole NaBr = 3
103  8
2.06  10 3 0.4
mass of Fe =  56 
3
= 420 kg molarity of OH – (OH –  
)=  0.5
103 8 0.8
MOLE CONCEPT EXERCISE # 4[A]
1. Ist exp. CuO = 1.375 gm 11. ClNH 2 + 2NH 3  N 2 H 4 + NH 4 Cl
Cu = 1.098 gm
1000
O = 0.277 gm mole excess (
)
51.5
IInd exp. Cu = 1.179gm
CuO = 1.4476 gm = 19.417
O = 0.2686 gm 19.417 mole
Cu Cu 14.781
O
 3.9638  4
O
4 % yield ( 
) =  100  76.125%
19.417
In both the cases ratio of Cu/O is same 82%
12. 5C + 2SO 2   CS 2 + 4CO
(
Cu/O  )
 Y  0.471 450
2.  X   0.324  1.4537  r1 excess(
)  7.03 Kmole
  64
 Y  0.509 7.03
 X   0.117  4.350  r2 0.82   2.88 Kmole  219.09 kg
  2
r2 13. BaO + CaO
 2.9926  3 x × [153] + y × [56] = 28 ......(I)
r1
so satisfy law of multiple proposition. BaO + 2HCl  BaCl 2 + H 2 O
(
) x 2x
3. = 35.125 × 28 = 983.5 gm CaO + 2HCl  CaCl 2 + H 2 O
y 2y
 0.07 
4. molecular ()=    N A  3 =2.34 × 1021 2x + 2y = 6 × 0.1008 = 0.6048 ......(II)
 18 
x  153
106.5 % of BaO = × 100 = 65.65%
5. n NaClO 3   1 mole 29
106.5
NO. of atom of (NO   
) x  0.95
14.  5  0.5
Na=1 × N A 106
Cl = 1 × N A
2.5  106
O = 1 × NA x  278.947gm
0.95
92.9
6. n P4   0.75 mole (27 / 98)
4  31 M  1000  3.8
15.
(100 / 1.2)
N P4  0.75  N A  4.52  10 23 molecules
(3n  1)
23 16. CnH 2n+2 + O 2  nCO2 + (n + 1) H2O
N P  18.04  10 molecules 2
5.75 (3n  1) / 2 7
7. n Na   0.25 mole   6n  2  7n n = 2 C2H6
23 n 4
8. (a) 1 × 23 gm (b) 1 × 35.5 gm 17. C 4 H 8 + 6O 2  4CO 2 + 4H 2 O
(c) 1 × 63.5 gm x 4x 5x
9. m Hg = 13.6 × 1000 gm 13
C 4 H 10 + O  4CO 2 + 5H 2 O
n Hg = m Hg /200 = 68 mole 2 2
10. 3CaCO3 + 2H3PO4  Ca3(PO4)2 + 3H2O + 3CO2 y 4y 5y
50/100mole 70/98 mole (4x + 5y) × 44 = 8.8
= 0.5 0.7142 x + y = 0.05 ......(1)
(4x + 5y) × 18 = 4.14
2  0.5 
-- 0.7142 – 0.5  0.3808   4x + 5y = 0.23 ......(II)
3  3 
4x + 4y = 0.2 ......(I)
Limiting reactant ( 
)
y = 0.03
m CaCO 3 
0.5
 M Ca 3 (PO 4 )2  51.66 gm % by mass of C 4H 10 (C 4H 10   %)
3 0.03  58
=  100  60.8%
m H 3 PO 4  0.3808  M H 3 PO 4  31.31gm 2.86
  y y 27. n O 2  625
18. C x H y +  x   O 2  xCO 2 + H 2O
 4 2 n C = 1 mole
v excess (
)
 y y n O2
x  4 v xv v  0.625
  2 nC
 y y O 2 + C  CO + CO 2
+v –  x   v  xv  v  2.5 v
 4 2
2  n O 2  n CO  2n CO 2 .......(I)
y
= 1.5  y = 6
4 2  n C  n CO  n CO 2 .......(II)
xv = 2v  x = 2 C 2H 6
19. Molar mass ( ) n CO  28 21

 n
= 3.2707 × 10 –22 × 6.023 × 10 23 = 196.99426gm CO 2  44 11
20. M =  × (75 × 10 –8 cm) 2 × (5000 × 10 –8 cm) ma s s p er s im p le s t
e le m e n t m o le
1 10 0 g m r a tio
× × 6.023 × 1023 = 7.09 × 107 gm
0.75 cm 3 / gm C 58 .7 7 58 .77 / 12 5
M gas 28. H 13 .8 1 13 .8 1 / 1 14
21.  1.17  Mgas = 1.17 × 29 = 33.93 gm
M air N 27 .4 2 27 .1 4 / 2 2
22. Y 3 A 5 O 12 E.F. = C 5 H 14 N 2 = 102 = M.F.
200 × 200 × 10 –3
(a) y = 44.95%, Al = 22.73%, O = 32.32% (774.5  14.5) 82.1

(b) 17.98 gm 30. n N2  760 1000  3.3786  10 3 mole
0.081  300
28.3  1  10 4
100 m N 2  0.0946 gm
23. n  8.8  10 8 mole
[12  12  4  35.5  4  16  2]
0.0946
% N2 =  100  66.7%
24. 6LiH + 8BF 3  6LiBF 4 + B 2 H 6 0.14
2 2 0.25 4 / 40
31. (a) M =  0.5
3 0.2
25. Al + 3HCl  AlCl 3 + H 2  5.3 / 106
2 (b) M =  0.5
1.5x + y = 0.04925 ........(I) 0.1
x mole 0.365 / 36.5
1.5x x + 27 + y × 24 = 1 (c) M =  0.2
0.05
Mg + 2HCl  MgCl 2 + H 2 
46 / 46
x × 9 + y × 8 = 0.33 ........(II) 32. X ethanol =  0.25
46 / 46  54 / 18
y mole y
x  27 1
% Al =  100  54.6% 33. CO + O  CO 2
1 2 2
Mg = 45.4% x –x/2 x
Cl +4 + 2O 2  CO 2 + 2H 2 O ()
CaCl2 + NaCl
y –2y y
x
 2y = 6.5 .....(I)
Na2CO3 2
26. x + y = 7 .....(II)
CaCO3 x + y + z = 10 .....(III)
x = 5 ml y = 2 ml z = 3 ml
CaO
3
1.62 34. O 3  O2
n CaCl2  n CaO   0.02892 2
56 20 80
m CaCl2  0.02892  111 = 3.211 g
3
 20  80  110
m NaCl = 6.7889 gm 2
% NaCl = 67.9% Increase in volume(  )=110–100=10ml
 MOLE CONCEPT EXERCISE # 4[B]
1. Empirical formula:  Total moles of AgCl precipitate (
AgCl
 Al K S O Elements  2
  
) = = 0.01393
 10.5 15.1 24.8 49.6 Mass percentage 143.5
= K AlS 2 O 8
   Moles of AgCl from KCl= 0.00393 = moles of KCl
 (KCl 
AgCl 
= 0.00393 = KCl 
)
 0.388 0.387 0.775 3.1 Mole ratio

   Mass of KCl in sample = 0.00393× 74.5= 0.2928g

1 1 2 8 Simple ratio (
KCl = 0.00393 × 74.5= 0.2928g)
 Mass % of KCl in the sample = 29.28
(
KCl  %)
Empirical formula weight 
) = 258
5. Let the mixture contain x g CuSO 4 . 5H 2O.
From weight loss information : 54.4 g anhydrous
salt  45.6 g H 2 O (
x g CuSO4 . 5H2O. ) 
(
: 54.4 g 
 45.6g x 5x
 × 159 + × 120 = 3  x = 3.72
H 2 O) 249 246
 258 g anhydrous salt  216.26 g = 12 mol H 2O  Mass percentage of CuSO 4 .5H 2 O
(258 g    216.26 g = 12 H2O) (CuSO 4.5H 2O   
) = 74.4
Ca (Ca  
 Empirical formula of hydrated salt= K AlS 2O 8 . 12 H 2 O
6. Mass % of %)

=KAlS2O8.12 H2O)
2. 1.0 mole of KClO 3  3.0 mole of Zn 0.16 100
=  40   25.6
100 0.25
5.104 3  5.104
122.5
mole KClO 3 
122.5
Mass % of S (S  
%)
0.344 32  100
=   41
3  5.104  65 233 0.115
mole of Zn = = 8.124 g Zn
122.5 Mass % of N (N  
%)
3. Apply conservation of moles of silver before and 0.155 14  100
after precipitate exchange reaction as : =   17.9
17 0.712
(
 Mass % of C (C  
%) = 15.48

:)
Now :
1.8 x 2.052  x Elements () Ca S N C
 
143.5 188 143.5 Mass % ( %) 25.6 4 1 17.9 15.48
where, x is mass of AgBr in mixed precipitate. Mol ratio (
) 0.64 1.28 1.28 1.29
(
,x  
AgBr  
) Simple ratio () 1 2 2 2
 x = 1.064
Empirical formula (  ) =
CaC 2N2S 2,
1 1 x
Also, moles of CuBr2= moles of AgBr = × Empirical formula weight ( ) =156
2 2 188
1 1 x Hence, molecular formula(, )=CaC2N2S2
(
,CuBr2  = AgBr  = × )
2 2 188 7. Working in backward direction(
)
1 x In the last step moles of(AgBr+AgI) = moles of AgI
 Mass of CuBr 2 = × × 223.5 = 0.6324
2 188 ( (AgBr + AgI)   = AgI  )
(on substituting x)
0.4881  x x 0.5868
1 x  + =  x = 0.0933 g
(CuBr2   = × × 223.5 = 0.6324 188 235 235
2 188 Mass % of NaI (NaI    )
(x ))
Mass % of CuBr 2 (CuBr 2   %) = 34.18 =
0.0933
× 150 ×
100
= 29.77
4. Moles of NaCl in sample = 0.01 = moles of AgCl 235 0.2
from NaCl in precipitate ( NaCl
 
= Now subtracting mass of AgI from 1st and 2nd
0.01 = 
NaCl 
AgCl  
) precipitate gives (  1st  2nd
 
AgI 

):
 Mass of (AgCl + AgBr) = 0.3187 g
x 5.9  x
((AgCl + AgBr)  
= 0.3187 g)  + = 0.09
58.5 74.5
and mass of AgBr = 0.3948 g
 x = 2.94 g NaCl, 2.96 g KCl
( AgBr  
= 0.3948 g)
m (Na 2 O) = 1.558 g  m% (Na 2 O) = 31.16
y 0.3187  y 0.3948 m (K 2 O) = 1.867 g  m% (K 2 O) = 37.34
Again + = y= 0.245g
143.5 188 188 11. In order to obtain maximum yield from a reaction,
the reactants must be supplied in stoichiometric
 Mass % of NaCl (NaCl   
)
amount so that no reactant should be left unreacted.
0.245 100
= × 58.5 ×  50 (        
143.5 0.2
Mass % of NaBr (NaBr  ) = 20.23
8. Weight loss is due to conversion of NaHCO 3 into )
Na2CO3 : 31 g weight is lost per mole of NaHCO3. The balanced chemical reaction is,(
(NaHCO3 Na2CO3 
 ,)
: NaHCO3 
31 g  
) Pb(NO 3 ) 2 + 2KI  PbI 2 + 2KNO 3
0.3 Let x g of KI is taken ( x g KI )
 0.3 g wt. loss from mol of NaHCO3 producing
31 x
0.3  moles of KI =   moles of Pb(NO 3)2 present
moles of Na 2CO 3 . 166
62 x
0.3 0.3 =
( 
NaHCO3 0.3 g 
 2  166
31 62
x 5x
Na2CO3  )   =  x = 2.5 g  mass of PbI 2
2  166 330
Total moles of carbonate(   
)=15×
10 –3

x
 Moles of carbonate in original sample (  = × 460 = 3.464 g
332
 
) = 0.015 –
3
= 0.01 1 2 . Mass of uranium in the sample (
620
Mass of Na2CO3 in original sample (  1.48
) =  238 = 0.894 g

Na2CO3  ) = 1.06 42.4 % Na2CO3 394
9. If M is molar mass of (CH 3)x AlCl y (  M, (CH 3) x Mass % of uranium in the sample = 89.4
AlCly  ) (
% = 89.4)
UO 2(NO 3) 2+Na 2C 2O 4 +xH 2OUO 2(C 2O 4) xH 2 O 
0.643 x
m(CH 4 ) = × 16 = 0.222 m mol 3.756 2.985         +2NaNO 3
M
0.643 y Here Na 2C 2 O 4 is the limiting reagent, therefore,
and m(AgCl) = × 143.5 = 0.996 m mol of UO 2 (C 2O 4 ).xH 2 O formed is 2.985.
M
(Na2C2O4 ,  
x
dividing (
) :  2,
y UO 2 (C 2 O 4 ).xH 2 O m mol 2.985 )
35.5 x 1.23
Also M = 15x + 27 + 35.5 y = 15x + 27 + =  M(UO 2 (C 2 O 4 )).xH 2 O= × 1000 = 412
2 2.985
32.75x + 27 = 238 + 32 + 88 + 18 x
0.643x  16 54
 = 0.222  x = 1.98  2 y=1   x = 3
32.75 x  27 18
10. Mass of AgCl = 0.09 × 143.5 = 12.915 g which 13. Volume of smallest cell = r2l =  (60 × 10–8 cm) 2
is 95.77 % of total ppt. (6000 × 10 –8 cm) = 6.785 × 10 –17 cm 3
(AgCl   
= 0.09 × 143.5 = 12.915 g  (
= r2l =  (60 × 10–8 cm)2

95.77 
%) (6000 × 10 –8 cm) = 6.785 × 10 –17 cm 3 )
 Total mass of precipitate(   
) mass of one smallest cell (
)
= 13.485g and mass of impurity (    = 7.6 × 10 –17 g
 ) = 0.57 g  Molar mass of mother cell ( 
 Mass of NaCl + KCl = 5.9 g 
) = 7.6 × 10 –17 × 24 × 60 × 6.023 × 10 23
(NaCl + KCl  
= 5.9 g) = 6.6 × 10 10 amu
14. Let the sample contain (
) x g Mohr's 0.3
m mol of NaCl = × 1000 = 5.128 = m mol
salt (
) [FeSO4 (NH4)2 SO4 . 6H2O] 58.5
of AgNO 3 required

0.3
x 0.5  x 0.75 (NaCl m mol = × 1000 = 5.128 =
 2   58.5
392 132 233 AgNO 3 m mol)
0.23
Solving x = 0.23 g  Mohr's salt = × 100 5.128
0.50  Volume of AgNO 3 required = = 31.18 mL
= 46 %, (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 = 54% 0.15
(large st)
0.23
(x = 0.23 g  = × 5.128
0.50 ( AgNO3  = = 31.18 mL
100 = 46 %, (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 = 54%) 0.15
( ))
x 0.2
Also moles of Fe in 0.2g sample =  16. Mixture(N2,NO2,N2O 4)has mean molar mass=55.4.
392 0.5
((N2, NO2, N2O4) 
= 55.4.)
= 2.347 × 10 –4 x y z
x 0.2 Given : N 2 O 4  2NO 2
(
0.2 g 
Fe 
= 
392 0.5 z 2z

= 2.347 × 10 –4 ) 28x  46(y  2z)

 55.4 =
xyz
 mass of Fe2O3 obtained on ignition of 0.2 sample
 wt.  mole 
2.347  10 4  mean molar mass = 
= × 160 = 18.77 mg Total mole 
2 
(0.2 Fe2O3   ) 
× 
 
 
=
15. Smallest volume of AgNO3 would be required when
 
 

the entire mass is due to highest molecular weight
constituent. Given : x + y + z = 1 (mole)
so 55.4
(AgNO3 = 28x + 46 (y + 2z) ...(1)
 28x  46(y  2z)
 39.3 =

) x  y  2z
Hence, for smallest volume, the whole mass should  39.6 (x + y + 2z) = 28 x + 46 (y + 2z)
be of BaCl 2 . 2H 2 O From eq (1) & x + y + z = 1
or 39.6 (1 + z) = 59.4
(
BaCl2 . 2H2O 
59.4

) or 1 + z =
39.6
0.3 or z = 0.4
m mol of BaCl2.2H2O= ×1000= 1.229 m mol
244 from eq. (1)
m mol of AgNO 3 required = 2 × 1.229 = 2.458 55.4 = 28x + 46(y + 2z)
( AgNO 3m mol)
z  0.4 put (  )
2.458 55.4 = 28x + 46y + 36.8
Volume of AgNO 3 required = = 16.38 mL
0.15 28x+ 46y = 18.6 ...(2)
(smallest)
 x + y + z = 1
2.458
( AgNO 3  = = 16.38 mL x + y + 0.4 = 1 ( z = 0.4)
0.15 x + y = 0.6 ...(3)
())
eq. (2) × 1 ..... eq. (3) × 28
Largest volume of AgNO3 would be required when
28 x + 46 y = 18.6
entire mass is due to lowest molecular weight
28 x + 28 y = 16.8
constituent, i.e., NaCl. – – –
(AgNO3  18 y = 1.8
 y  0.1
NaCl 
)  x + y + z = 1
x  0.5
  y z y (CF ) moles= 1000  20 moles of (CF )
17. CxHyOz +  x    O2 xCO2 + H2O 2HF  H2 + F2
 2n 50n n 2n
 4 2 2
 20
Given vol. 10mL + 100mL            0 + 0 40 20  2n HF = × 2n = 40 mol
 n
() 20
1   1.52
 y z 40
After reaction – + 100–10  x    10x –
 4 2 1.52 = 0.76 kg
(
) 3
19 .(a) A 2 + 2B 2  A 2 B 4 A + 2B 2  A 3 B 4
 y z 2 2
100 – 10  x    + 10x = 90 Initial 4 4 -
 4 2
y z After 4–2 4–4 2
 1 2 0 2
4 2
y – 2z = 4 ...(1) 2 A 2 B 4 + A 2    2 A 3 B 4
Property of KOH has to absorbed all CO 2 . 2 2
(KOH CO2 ) 2 – 2 2 – 1 2
 10x = 20 1 2
 A 2 = 1, A 2 B 4 = 2
x 2
3
M (b) A 2 + 2B 2  A 2 B 4 A + 2B 2  A 3 B 4
V.D. of compound (C xH yO z) = 23  V.D.= w 2 2
2 1
Initial 2
( (CxHyOz) = 23) 2
After 0 2–1 0.5
M w = 46 M w = 2 × 23 = 46
1 0.5
12x + y + 16z = 46
 A 2B 4 = 0.5, B 2   
12 × 2 + y + 16z = 46
3
y + 16z = 22 ...(2) (c) A 2 + 2B 2  A 2 B 4 A + 2B 2  A 3 B 4
2 2
from eq. (1) & (2)
y – 2z = 4 Initial 1.25 2
y + 16z = 22 After 1.25–1 – 1
– – –
0.25 – 1
– 18z = –18
2 A 2 B 4 + A 2   2 A 3B 4
z 1 , y  6 1 0.25
1–0.5 – 0.5
Molecular formula (   ) = C 2H 6O.
 A 2 B 4 = A 3 B 4 = 0.5
18. (CH2)n + 4nCoF3  (CF2)n + 2nHF + 4nCoF2 ...(1) 20 .(a) 1L KMnO  79% (w/v) i.e. 100 mL solution
4
2CoF 2 + F 2  2CoF 3 contain 79 g KMnO 4
wt.  F = 19, C = 12, Co = 59, Mwt. (CF2)n = 50n
(1L KMnO4  79% (w/v)  100 mL 
from eq. (1) (CF 2 ) n = 4nCoF 2
79 g KMnO4  )
w w
E E wt. 79
1000 moles of KMnO 4 = = = 0.5
w M w 158
=
50 n 4n  97
 79
w =
1000
 4n  97 (KMnO 4   = = = 0.5 )
50n M w 158
w = 80 × 97 g (CoF 2 ) 0.5
Molarity  ) (M) =  1000  5M
 2CoF 2 + F 2    2CoF 3 100
2 × 97  1 × 38 HCl10%(w/w)i.e.100 g solution contain 10g HCl
(HCl  10% (w/w)  100 g 
10 g HCl
1  38
= 80× 97 
2  97
× 80 × 97 = 1520 g = 1.52kg.  )
D = 1.825 g/mL
M 100
V = 
D 1.825  1000
 10  1.825  1000 23. 100 mL milk  4mL fat (100mL 
 4 mL )
Molarity 
) = = 5 M
36.5  100
1 L milk  40 mL fat (1 L 
 40 mL )
2KMnO4+16HCl2KCl + 2MnCl2 + 8H2O + 5Cl2
M × V1 M × V1 density of fat = 875 kg/m 3 = 0.875 g/mL
5 × 1 5 × 9 (   
= 875 kg/m 3 = 0.875 g/mL)
5 45
mass of fat = 40 × 0.875 = 35g
– 5 12.5
(   
= 40 × 0.875 = 35 g)
80
Cl 2 = 12.5 × = 10 mol.
100 fat free milk mass = 1035 – 35 = 1000g
(b) 2KMnO4+16HCl  2KCl+2MnCl2 + 8H2O + 5Cl2 ( 
= 1035 – 35 = 1000 g)

1 ×
710
 25L Vol.( ) = 1000 – 40 = 960 mL
28.4
1000
vol.of water treated  = = 1.0416 g/mL
(c)  = 960
vol.of total feed

25 25 H 2 SO 4  a 
= =  2.5 
vol.of KMnO 4  HCl 19 24. SO 3  b a + b + c = 1 g
21. D = 1.03 g/cm 3 SO 2  c 
2.8% NaCl  100 g solution contain 2.8 g NaCl.
SO 2  1.5%
(2.8% NaCl  100 g  
2.8 g NaCl 
)
so, C = 0.015 g  SO 2
100
V = L a + b = 0.985 g
1.03  1000
H 2 SO 4 + 2NaOH  Na 2 SO 4
2.8  1.03  1000
1 L  g
100 a
98
2.8  10.3
moles =  0.493 SO 3 + 2NaOH  Na 2 SO 4 + H 2 O
58.5
M2V2 = M1V 1 b
0.493 × 10 6 = 5.45 × V 1 80
V 1 = 9 × 10 4
so water evaporated (
)=106 – 9 × 104 SO 2 + 2NaOH  Na 2 SO 3 + H 2 O
= 9.095 × 10 5 L 0.015
22. Let free SO3  xg (   
SO 3  xg) 64
SO 3 i n form of H 2 SO 4 (H 2 SO 4   SO 3 )
 a b 0.015 
x     = 23.47 × 10 –3
  98 = 1.225 x  98 80 64 
80
so total ( 
) 0.0102 a + 0.0125 b + 0.00234 = 0.011735
x + 1.225 x = 100 a + 1.225 b = 1.1275
x = 449.49 a + b = 0.985
44.94 0.225 b = 0.1425
water required =  18 = 10..11 g % oleum
80 b = 0.633 g  SO 3
= 100 + 10.11 = 110.11% a = 0.35 M g  H 2 SO 4
44.94
( =  18 = 10..11g  %  0.3514
80 Combined ( 
) SO 3 = × 80 = 0.2868g
98
= 100 + 10.11 = 110.11%)
25. Volume(  )=1 × 3 × 300 × 6 × 10 –10 27. CaCl2  5M = 555 g in 1 L solution or in 1050g
solution
= 5.4 × 10 –7 m 3 = 0.54 cm 3

 = 1 g/cm 3
(CaCl2 5M = 1 L 1050g 
555g)
mass ( 
) = 0.54 g

n(CH 3) 2 SiCl 2+2nOH –2nCl –+nH 2O+ [(CH 3 ) 2SiO] n wt. of (solvent + MgCl 2) = 1050 – 555 = 495 g

w w
 {74 n} ((+ MgCl2) 
= 1050 – 555 = 495g)
129 129n

74w MgCl 2  5 m
= 0.54  w = 0.9413 g
129
1000 g solvent  5 mol of MgCl 2
26. CH 4 + 2O 2  CO 2 + 2H 2 O

a 2a a
(1000 g  MgCl2 5 
)

 3n  1 
CnH2n – 2 +   O   nCO2 + (n – 1) H2O
 2  2 = 5 × 95 = 475 g MgCl 2

 3n  1  i.e., 1475 (solvent + MgCl 2)  475g MgCl 2

(20–a)   (20–a) n(20–a)
 2 

For methane(   

a + n (20 – a ) = 40 ...(1) (
, 1475 ( + MgCl 2)  475g MgCl2 )

For oxygen() 

475
495 (solvent + MgCl 2 )   495
1475
  3n  1  
100  2a   2  (20  a)   40
 
= 159.4 g MgCl 2

 3n  1 
2a +   (20  a) = 60 (495 (  + MgCl2 )
 2 

2a + 30 n – 1.5na – 10 + 0.5 a = 60
159.4
moles of MgCl 2 (MgCl 2  
) = = 1.678
2.5 a – 1.5na + 30 n = 70 95

2.5 a – 1.5n (a – 20) = 70

Total moles of Cl– (Cl–   
)
2.5 a + 1.5n (20 – a) = 70 ...(2)

from (1) & (2)

= (5 + 1.678) × 2 = 13.356
a = 10

n = 3 volume of solution (   ) = 1 L

C 3H 4

% composition % 
  50% Molarity of Cl – (Cl –   
) = 13.356 M