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WORK SAFETY AND HEALTH FOR LIFT MAINTENANCE

PRESENTATION
BY
SEE KOK LENG

30th Sept 2016


WORK SAFETY AND HEALTH FOR LIFT MAINTENANCE

PART (I)
1. Introduction to Lift Maintenance
2. Risk Management Approach
3. Types of Hazards in Lift Maintenance
4. Good Practices for Working Safely in the Lift Maintenance Environment
5. Hazards in Escalator Maintenance
6. Responsibilities of Various Stakeholders
7. Training for Personnel Involved in Maintenance Work
[Source : Technical Advisory for Working Safely During Maintenance Of Electric Passenger And Goods Lifts – by WSHC]

PART (II)
BCA’s Regulatory Changes to the Lift & Escalator Industry
[Source : BCA]

PART (III)
BCA Encourages Lift Owners to Modernise Lifts

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Background information :

• ~61,000 lifts in Singapore currently

• BMSMA requires lifts to be maintained at least once a month

• >2000 lift maintenance workers

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Types of Hazards in Lift Maintenance

• Mechanical Hazards
• Electrical Hazards
• Fall From Heights
• Struck by Falling Objects
• General Hazard Considerations

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Mechanical Hazards

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Mechanical Hazards

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Mechanical Hazards

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Mechanical Hazards

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Electrical Hazards

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Fall From Height

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Fall From Height

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Struck by Falling Objects

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General Hazard Considerations

• Slippery/Uneven Floors
• Poor Lighting Condition
• Coordination between maintenance personnels working on the same lift
• Absence of communication devices
• Entrapment
• Mineral oil handling
• Fatigue
• Stress during rescue operation
• …..

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Good Practices for Lift Maintenance Work

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Access to Lift Machine Room, Pulley Spaces and Hoist Way

The lift owner is required to ensure a safe access to lift


machine room, hoist way and lift landings as per SS550
Code of Practice: Installation, operation and maintenance
of
electric passenger and goods lifts.

The access/ egress consists of access route to


passageway and the passageway itself.

Some examples of a safe access to passageway are:


• Staircase or “ship’s ladder”;
• Cat ladders with ringed hoops from 2 metres upward.
This would offer some form of fall protection if the cat
ladder are located close to the building’s edge;
• The vertical cat ladder in a single plane;

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Access to Lift Machine Room, Pulley Spaces and Hoist Way

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WORK SAFETY AND HEALTH FOR LIFT MAINTENANCE

Working Safely in the Machinery Room or Machinery Space

Some of the characteristics of a well-maintained lift machine room and hoist ways are:

• Protection against weather;


• Lockable machine room or maintenance door;
• Illumination levels of 200 lux at machine rooms from permanent lighting fixtures;
• Properly maintained lighting and switch socket outlets.
• Relevant safety signs are displayed within the machinery room.
• Adequate ventilation to keep the lift machinery and associated equipment at a
temperature not exceeding 38ºC when measured at a distance of 1 metre from such
equipment.

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WORK SAFETY AND HEALTH FOR LIFT MAINTENANCE

Working Safely in the Machinery Room or Machinery Space

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Good Practices for Working with Moving Parts in Machine Room or Machinery Space

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Good Practices for Controlling Electrical Hazards

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Good Practices for Controlling Electrical Hazards

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Good Practices for Controlling Electrical Hazards

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Working Safely on Lift Car Top


Working Safely Within the Hoist Way

• competent maintenance person

• used as a working platform

• safe work procedures in place

• FOLLOW safe work procedures

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Working Safely at Lift Landings

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WORK SAFETY AND HEALTH FOR LIFT MAINTENANCE

Working Safely in Lift Pit

• competent maintenance person

• lift is operating only at inspection speed

• isolate and lock off the main power supply if necessary

• watch out for descending cage and counterweight

• no concurrent work to be performed above the pit

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WORK SAFETY AND HEALTH FOR LIFT MAINTENANCE

Working Under High Stress Condition

Stress management

Rushing For Time

Better late than never


Do not take hazardous short-cut

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Hazards in Escalator Maintenance

Place adequate barricade with prominent signage at both entrance of the escalator

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Hazards in Escalator Maintenance

When working on the escalator,


the key must always be Must operate under inspection mode when removing the
removed from the escalator steps.
key switch.

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WORK SAFETY AND HEALTH FOR LIFT MAINTENANCE

RESPONSIBILITIES OF VARIOUS STAKEHOLDERS

• Lift Owner’s Responsibilities

• Lift Contractor’s Responsibilities

• Lift Manufacturer’s Responsibilities

• Lift Maintenance Worker’s Responsibilities

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WORK SAFETY AND HEALTH FOR LIFT MAINTENANCE

Training for Personnel Involved

Personnel to be trained

Planning an effective training programme

Carry out the planned training programme

Evaluate effectiveness of training

Refresher or supplementary Training

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BCA’S REGULATORY CHANGES TO THE LIFT AND ESCALATOR INDUSTRY

PART (II)
BCA’S REGULATORY CHANGES TO THE
LIFT & ESCALATOR INDUSTRY

[Source : BCA]

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Regulatory Regime for Lifts
Operation & Alteration &
Design Installation Maintenance Replacement

Building Maintenance &


Building Control Act Strata Management (Lift, Escalator and Building
Maintenance) Regulations 2016

Lift designs need to Certification of lifts Owner to engage registered Owner to notify the
comply with relevant by Professional lift contractor to maintain Commissioner in
lift every month in writing before any
standards/codes Engineers (PEs)
compliance with the 20 major alteration or
required for maintenance outcomes replacement
TOP/CSC* application
Registered lift contractors
to conduct annual
examination, inspection &
testing in the presence of
an independent AE before
applying for permit to
operate (PTO)
Display of PTO in lift (wef 1 Notification of
Sep 2017) incidents
*TOP: Temporary Occupation Permit Put in place adequate Owner to keep
CSC: Certificate of Statutory Completion barriers when lift is not maintenance records
operational for min. 5 years 36
Tighter Regime - Maintenance
1) Monthly Maintenance of Lifts
Lift contractors must maintain lifts in accordance with the 20
maintenance requirements with outcomes
20 Monthly Maintenance Requirements for Lifts
Door open control Direct current machine
Door protective devices Governor
3. Lift car and landing doors (gaps) 13. Main ropes and compensation ropes
Lift car emergency alarm Compensation rope and sheave tie-
Lift car intercom down and tensioning
Emergency power supply for lighting Buffer
& ventilation Controller and electrical system
Movement of lift car Guide shoes or rollers of lift car and
Housekeeping counterweight
Lift machine and drive Safety gears
All lift parts (for corrosion and wear)
10. Brakes of lift machine and drive
Additional 20. Stopping or level accuracy
maintenance items
which are not
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Tighter Regime - Maintenance
1) Monthly Maintenance of Lifts

• BCA will carry out audit checks on lifts to ensure that lift contractors
achieve the maintenance outcomes

• Possible enforcement actions:


o Issue of Notice to Maintain
o Issue of Notice to Suspend
o Upon prosecution / conviction, max fine of $5,000

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Permit to Operate (PTO) System

• Current lift certificate is valid until it expires

• Upon expiry of current lift certificate, lift owners have to apply for PTO after the examination,
inspection and testing of the lift has been carried out

• BCA may carry out an inspection or direct a re-test or request for additional
documentation before PTO will be issued

• PTO must be renewed annually

• The display of PTO within the lift cabin will be made


 mandatory from 1 Sep 2017

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Notification of Incident

• Lift owner and the lift contractor must inform BCA of the
occurrence of a lift incident involving the following
circumstances as soon as practicable
• Takes effect on 25 July 2016
(i) Death or injury (ii) Failure of drive (iii) Breakage of
associated with a lift, or system suspension rope
any associated
equipment or
machinery

(iv) Failure of brake, (v) Failure of


overload device, safety interlocking device for
component or safety any lift door
equipment

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Summary
Authorised Examiner
Lift Owner Lift Contractor (AE)
• Ensure lift is maintained • Maintain lifts according • Lift owners must engage
monthly according to to prevailing an AE to conduct an
prevailing standards/as standards/as prescribed annual examination,
prescribed and annually and the 20 maintenance inspection and testing of
inspected outcomes all passenger lifts
• Notify BCA before • The annual examination, • When a lift incident
major alteration or inspection and testing of occurs, BCA may require
replacement works lifts is carried out by a lift the lift owner to appoint
contractor, in the an AE to investigate,
• Apply for permit to presence of an recommend rectification
operate Authorised Examiner works and submit the
• Notify BCA of the findings to BCA
• Submit an investigation
occurrence of lift report, when instructed • AE certifying
incidents to do so by the COB maintenance must be
• Keep maintenance independent from lift
• Notify BCA of the contractor and owner
records for min. 5 occurrence of lift
years incidents
• Put in place adequate
barriers when lift is not
operational 41
TIGHTER REGULATORY
REGIME
FOR ESCALATORS
1. Monthly maintenance
2. Annual inspection and testing
3. Permit to operate (PTO) system
4. Notification of incident

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Regulatory Regime for Escalators
Design Installation Operation & Alteration &
Maintenance Replacement

Building Maintenance &


Building Control Act Strata Management (Lift, Escalator and Building
Maintenance) Regulations 2016

Escalator designs to Certification of Building owners to engage Owner to notify the


comply with SS CP escalator by registered escalator Commissioner in
15: 2004* Professional contractor to maintain writing before any
escalator monthly and to major alteration or
Engineers (PEs) meet the 10 maintenance replacement
required for outcomes
TOP/CSC** application
Examination, inspection &
testing to be carried out in
the presence of an AE for
* SS CP15:2004: Singapore standard – Code application for permit to
of practice for installation, operation and operate (PTO) annually
Notification of
maintenance of escalators and passenger Display of PTO (wef 1 Mar incidents
conveyors 2018)
Owner to keep
Put in place adequate maintenance
**TOP: Temporary Occupation Permit barriers when escalator is records for min. 5
CSC: Certificate of Statutory Completion not operational years
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Monthly Maintenance of Escalators

Existing regulatory regime Tightened regulatory regime

• Building owners maintain • Escalator owner must engage


escalators in accordance to a registered escalator
the recommendations in the contractor to maintain the
SS CP 15 escalator in accordance with
SS CP 15 and to meet the 10
maintenance outcomes
• 3 months grace period for
owners to engage registered
escalator contractor to carry
out monthly maintenance
• Escalator owner must keep
all maintenance records for
min 5 years
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Tighter Regime - Maintenance

1) Monthly Maintenance of Escalators


Escalator contractors must maintain the escalator in accordance
with the 10 maintenance requirements (with outcomes) every
month
10 Monthly Maintenance Requirements for Escalators
1. Signage and indicator and auxiliary brake
2. Anti-climbing, anti-sliding, access 7. Safety switch and sensor
restriction and deflecting devices 8. Excessive speed and unintentional
3. Emergency stop switch reversal protection
4. Handrail system (overspeed & 9. Operational clearance
emergency stop) 10. All escalator parts (for corrosion
5. Housekeeping and wear)
6. Driving machine, brakes, sprocket

Additional
maintenance items
which are not
included in SS CP 15
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Annual Examination, Inspection & Testing of Escalators

Existing regulatory regime  Tightened regulatory regime


• Building owners inspect • Annual examination, inspection & testing
escalators every year in to be carried out by an escalator
accordance to the contractor in the presence of an AE in
recommendations in the SS accordance with SS CP 15 and
submission of certificate by AE to BCA
CP 15
• AE must be independent from
escalator contractor and owner
• Application for permit to operate (PTO)
• Display of PTO (wef 1 Mar 2018)

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Permit to Operate System

• Escalator owners have to apply for PTO after the examination,


inspection and testing of the escalator has been carried out

• BCA may carry out an inspection or direct a re-test or request


for additional documentation before PTO will be issued

• PTO must be renewed annually

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Permit to Operate System

• Deadline for obtaining PTO is based on the CSC date of the building
building
PTO in 5 Phases Deadline for obtaining
PTO
CSC obtained for buildings before 1 May 1989 31 Jan 2017

CSC obtained for buildings between 1 May 1989 30 Apr 2017


and 31 December 2000 (inclusive)
CSC obtained for buildings between 1 January 31 Oct 2017
2001 and 31 December 2010 (inclusive)
CSC obtained for buildings on or after 1 January 31 Jan 2018
2011
Escalator that is in any structure, or used in 31 Jan 2018
connection with any structure

• The display of PTO for escalators will be made mandatory from


1 Mar 2018
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Notification of Incident

• Escalator owner and the escalator contractor must inform


BCA of the occurrence of an escalator incident involving the
following circumstances as soon as practicable.
• Takes effect on 25 July 2016
(i) Death or injury (ii) Failure of main
involving an escalator, drive system other
or any associated than the failure of the
equipment or main power system
machinery

(iii) Failure of brake,


overload device, safety
component or safety
equipment

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Summary

Authorised Examiner
Escalator Owner Escalator Contractor (AE)
• Ensure escalator is • Maintain escalators • Escalator owners must
maintained monthly according to SS CP 15 and engage an AE to conduct
according to SS CP 15 and the 10 maintenance an annual examination,
annually inspected outcomes test and inspection of all
escalators
• Apply for permit to • The annual examination,
operate annually inspection and testing of • When an escalator incident
escalators is carried out by occurs, BCA may require
• Notify BCA before major an escalator contractor, in the escalator owner to
alteration or replacement the presence of an appoint an AE to
works Authorised Examiner investigate, recommend
• Notify BCA of the rectification works and
• Submit an investigation submit the findings to BCA
occurrence of escalator report, when instructed to
incidents do so by the COB • AE certifying maintenance
• Keep maintenance must be independent from
• Notify BCA of the escalator contractor and
records for min. 5 years occurrence of escalator owner
incidents
• Put in place adequate
barriers when escalator is
not operational
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Summary

New Requirements for Lift Safety With effect from

• Conduct monthly maintenance in accordance with SS 25 July 2016


550:2009 and meet 20 maintenance outcomes
• Notify BCA of lift incident
• Keep maintenance records for min. 5 years
• Install adequate barriers when lift is not in operation
• Appoint independent AE

• Obtain annual permit to operate (PTO) 25 July 2016 (or


upon expiry of
existing lift
EFFECTIVE DATES - LIFTS certificate)
• Display permit to operate in lift 1 Sep 2017

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Summary

New Requirements for Escalator Safety With effect from

• Conduct monthly maintenance in accordance with SS 1 Nov 2016


CP 15 and meet 10 maintenance outcomes
• Notify BCA of escalator incident
• Keep maintenance records for min. 5 years
• Install adequate barriers when escalator is not in
operation
• Appoint independent AE

EFFECTIVE DATES - ESCALATORS


Display permit to operate on escalator 1 Mar 2018

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Summary

New Requirements for Escalator Safety Deadline

Obtain permit to operate (PTO) in 5 phases*: 31 Jan 2017


• CSC obtained for buildings before 1 May 1989 30 Apr 2017
• CSC obtained for buildings between 1 May 1989 & 31
Dec 2000 (inclusive) 31 Oct 2017
• CSC obtained for buildings between 1 Jan 2001 & 31
Dec 2010 (inclusive 31 Jan 2018
• CSC obtained for buildings on or after 1 Jan 2011 31 Jan 2018
DEADLINES - ESCALATORS
• Escalator that is in any structure, or used in connection
with any structure

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BCA’S REGULATORY CHANGES TO THE LIFT AND ESCALATOR INDUSTRY

PART (III)
BCA ENCOURAGES LIFT OWNERS TO
MODERNISE LIFTS

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BCA’S REGULATORY CHANGES TO THE LIFT AND ESCALATOR INDUSTRY

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