BRITISH STANDARD BS EN

286-4:1995

Simple unfired
pressure vessels
designed to contain air
or nitrogen —
Part 4: Aluminium alloy pressure
vessels designed for air braking
equipment and auxiliary pneumatic
equipment for railway rolling stock

The European Standard EN 286-4:1995 has the status of a

British Standard

UDC 621.642.02-98-034.715:629.4-592:620.1:62-777
BS EN 286-4:1995

Cooperating organizations

The European Committee for Standardization, under whose supervision this

European Standard was prepared, comprises the national standards
organizations of the following Western European countries:

Austria Oesterreichisches Normungsinstitut

Belgium Institut belge de normalisation
Denmark Dansk Standard
Finland Suomen Standardisoimisliito, r.y.
France Association française de normalisation
Germany Deutsches Institut für Normung e.V.
Greece Hellenic Organization for Standardization
Iceland Technological Institute of Iceland
Ireland National Standards Authority of Ireland
Italy Ente Nazionale Italiano di Unificazione
Luxembourg Inspection du Travail et des Mines
Netherlands Nederlands Normalisatie-instituut
Norway Norges Standardiseringsforbund
Portugal Instituto Portuguès da Qualidade
Spain Asociación Española de Normalización y Certificación
Sweden Standardiseringskommissionen i Sverige
Switzerland Association suisse de normalisation
United Kingdom British Standards Institution

This British Standard, having

been prepared under the
direction of the Engineering
Sector Board, was published
under the authority of the
Standards Board and comes
into effect on Amendments issued since publication
15 February 1995

© BSI 07-1999
Amd. No. Date Comments

The following BSI references

relate to the work on this
standard:
Committee reference PVE/17
Draft for comment 90/81699 DC

ISBN 0 580 21850 3

 BS EN 286-4:1995

Contents

Page
Cooperating organizations Inside front cover
National foreword ii
Foreword 2
Text of EN 286-4 5
National annex NA (informative) Committees responsible Inside back cover
National annex NB (informative) Cross-references Inside back cover

© BSI 07-1999 i
BS EN 286-4:1995

National foreword

This British Standard has been prepared under the direction of the Pressure
Vessel Standards Policy Committee and is the English language version of
EN 286-4:1994 Simple unfired pressure vessels designed to contain air or
nitrogen — Part 4: Aluminium alloy pressure vessels designed for air braking
equipment and auxiliary pneumatic equipment for railway rolling stock,
published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN).

EN 286-4 was produced as a result of international discussions in which the UK

took an active part.
A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity
from legal obligations.

Summary of pages
This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii,
the EN title page, pages 2 to 38, an inside back cover and a back cover.
This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had
amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the
inside front cover.

ii © BSI 07-1999
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 286-4
NORME EUROPÉENNE
September 1994
EUROPÄISCHE NORM

UDC 621.642.02-98-034.715:629.4-592:620.1:62-777

Descriptors: Railway rolling stock, brakes, pneumatic equipment, pressure vessels, tanks containers, aluminium alloys, design,
computation, production control, weld defects, acceptability, assembling, certification, marking

English version

Simple unfired pressure vessels designed to contain air or

nitrogen — Part 4: Aluminium alloy pressure vessels
designed for air braking equipment and auxiliary
pneumatic equipment for railway rolling stock

Récipientsá pression simples, non soumis à la
flamme, destinés à contenir de l’air ou de
l’azote — Partie 4: Récipients à pression en
alliages d’aluminium destinés aux
équipements pneumatiques de freinage et aux
équipements pneumatiques auxiliaires du
matériel roulant ferroviaire
Einfache unbefeuerte Druckbehälter für Luft
oder Stickstoff — Teil 4: Druckbehälter aus
Aluminiumlegierungen für
Druckluftbremsanlagen und pneumatische
Hilfseinrichtungen in Schienenfahrzeugen

This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1994-09-09. CEN members

are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which
stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a
national standard without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any
CEN member.
The European Standards exist in three official versions (English, French,
German). A version in any other language made by translation under the
responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the
Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium,
Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy,
Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and
United Kingdom.

CEN
European Committee for Standardization
Comité Européen de Normalisation
Europäisches Komitee für Normung
Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels

© 1994 Copyright reserved to CEN members

Ref. No. EN 286-4:1994 E
EN 286-4:1994

Foreword Contents
This European Standard was prepared by Page
CEN/TC 54, Unfired pressure vessels, of which the Foreword 2
secretariat is held by BSI.
1 Scope 5
This European Standard has been prepared under a
2 Normative references 5
Mandate given to CEN by the European
Commission and the European Free Trade 3 Symbols 6
Association, and supports essential requirements of 4 Materials 7
the EC Directive(s). 5 Design 7
CEN/TC 54 decided to submit the final draft for 6 Inspection and drainage bosses 15
formal vote by its resolution. The result was
7 Marking 15
positive.
This part is one of a series of four. The other Parts 8 Corrosion protection 16
are: 9 Qualification of welding procedures 19
— Part 1: Design, manufacture and testing; 10 Qualification of welders and
welding operators 19
— Part 2: Pressure vessels for air braking and
auxiliary systems for motor vehicles and their 11 Testing of the vessels 19
trailers; 12 Certification procedures 25
— Part 3: Steel pressure vessels designed for air 13 Information to be supplied at the time
braking equipment and auxiliary pneumatic of invitation to tender and time of order 25
equipment for railway rolling stock. 14 Delivery 25
This European Standard shall be given the status of 15 Documentation to accompany the vessel 25
a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by Annex A (normative) Verification 26
March 1995, and conflicting national standards Annex B (normative) Declaration of
shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 1995. conformity — Surveillance 26
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Annex C (normative) Design and manufacturing
Regulations, the following countries are bound to schedules 28
implement this European Standard: Annex D (normative) Type examination 29
Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Annex E (normative) Content of the
Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, manufactured record 29
Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain and Annex F (informative) Assembly of the
United Kingdom vehicles 30
Annex G (informative) Service surveillance
of vessels 35
Figure 1 — Position of longitudinal welds
on the bottom of the shell 8
Figure 2 — Position of longitudinal welds
on the shell 8
Figure 3 — Torispherical end 9
Figure 4 — Theoretical curves for dished
ends 10
Figure 5 — Butt weld with centre lines
aligned 10
Figure 6 — Butt weld with centre lines offset 11
Figure 7 — Butt welds with centre lines
offset and connecting slope 11
Figure 8 — Weld of the shell ring to end
with necked edge 11
Figure 9 — Position of a hole in an end 14

2 © BSI 07-1999
 EN 286-4:1994

Page Page
Figure 10 — Distance between two welds Table 1 — Aluminium alloy materials 7
measured from the end of the edge preparation 12 Table 2 — Height of the cylindrical portion
Figure 11 — Reinforcement of opening 12 of ends 8
Figure 12 — Fixing of a boss by an external Table 3 — Diameters and locations of bosses 9
weld 13 Table 4 — Amount of testing required for
Figure 13 — Fixing of a boss by internal and welds made by a non-automatic process 10
external welds 13 Table 5 — Amount of testing required for
Figure 14 — Fixing of a boss by internal and welds made by an automatic procedure with
external fillet welds 13 P U 1,15Ps 10
Figure 15 — Fixing of a drainage boss by an Table 6 — Amount of testing required for
external weld 14 welds made by an automatic procedure with
Figure 16 — Fixing of a drainage boss by P U 1,15Ps 11
internal and external welds 14 Table 7 — Acceptance levels of defects in
Figure 17 — Fixing of a drainage boss with butt-welds, detected by visual examination 11
drainage groove 14 Table 8 — Acceptance levels of defects in
Figure 18 — Dip tube fixed to an end 14 butt-welds, detected by X-ray examination 11
Figure 19 — Dip tube fixed to the shell of a Table 9 — Maximum permissible
horizontal vessel 14 reinforcement for longitudinal and
circular welds 24
Figure 20 — Dip tube fixed to the shell of a
vertical vessel 14 Table 10 — Classification of vessels 12
Figure 21 — Dip tube fixed to a top end of a Table F.1 — Dimensions of straps 31
vertical vessel 14 Table F.2 — Tightening torques 31
Figure 22 — Dip tube fixed to the upper part Table G.1 — Service surveillance of vessels
of the shell of a horizontal vessel 15 used at Ps k 6 bar 36
Figure 23 — Fixing of a dip tube 15 Table G.2 — Service surveillance of vessels
Figure 24 — Fixing of a dip tube to a boss 15 used at 6 bar < Ps k 10 bar 36
Figure 25 — Recessed fixing of a dip tube Table G.3 — Annual sampling examination 36
to a boss 15
Figure 26 — Location of openings 16
Figure 27 — Location of identity and
service marks 17
Figure 28 — Marking plate 18
Figure 29 — Identity and service marks 19
Figure 30 — Reinforcement thickness 24
Figure F.1 — Fixing by straps of a vessel in
the horizontal position 31
Figure F.2 — Fixing by straps of a vessel in
the vertical position 31
Figure F.3 — End of straps with angle
brackets 32
Figure F.4 — Ends with straps folded
and reinforced 32
Figure F.5 — Ends of straps with welded
bolt 33
Figure F.6 — Ends of straps with grooved
welded bolt 33
Figure F.7 — Fixing to the vehicle with a bolt 34
Figure F.8 — Fixing to the vehicle with a nut 34

© BSI 07-1999 3
4 blank

1 Scope
1.1 This Part of this European Standard is
applicable to simple unfired aluminium alloy
pressure vessels, referred to as “vessel” in this
standard, designed for air braking equipment and
auxiliary pneumatic equipment for railway rolling
stock (see 1.6).
1.2 The vessels to this standard are:
a) made from a single shell;
b) made from aluminium alloy;
c) fabricated by welding;
d) used at a maximum working pressure
of 10 bar;
e) the product of the maximum working pressure
(in bar) and the volume (in litre):
500 bar litres < PV u 10 000 bar litres;
f) made of a cylindrical part of circular
cross-section called the shell with two outwardly
dished torispherical ends, that is two dished
ends with the same axis of rotation. This
standard therefore does not apply to vessels with
one or two flat ends or those made up of several
compartments;
g) calculated with a design pressure P
(see 5.1.4.2);
h) designed for a working temperature of
between – 50 °C and + 100 °C [+ 65 °C for
certain grades of aluminium alloy (see 4.1.1)];
j) fastened to the vehicles by straps;
1.3 In normal service, a momentary overpressure
of 1 bar of the maximum working pressure is
permitted (10 % of Ps).
1.4 This Part of this European Standard applies to
the vessel proper, from the inlet connection to the
outlet connection and to all other connections and
fittings belonging to the vessel.
1.5 This Part of this European Standard gives the
requirements to be met for the calculation, design,
fabrication, inspection during fabrication and
certification of the vessel, and fittings for assembly
to the vehicle.
These requirements cannot be written in sufficient
detail to ensure good workmanship or proper
construction. Each manufacturer is therefore
responsible for taking every necessary step to make
sure that the quality of workmanship and
construction is such as to ensure compliance with
good engineering practice.
This Part of this standard gives:
a) in Annex F, recommendations for assembly to
the vehicles;
© BSI 07-1999
EN 286-4:1994
b) in Annex G, recommendations for the service
surveillance of vessels.
1.6 The requirements of this Part of this European
Standard apply to vessels designed to be fitted to
rail vehicles used on the main national networks,
urban networks, underground railways, trams,
private networks (regional railways, company
railways, ...).
2 Normative references
This European Standard incorporates by dated or
undated reference, provisions from other
publications. These normative references are cited
at the appropriate places in the text and the
publications are listed hereafter. For dated
references, subsequent amendments to or revisions
of any of these publications apply to this European
Standard only when incorporated in it by
amendment or revision. For undated references the
latest edition of the publication referred to applies.
EN 287-2, Approval testing of welders — fusion
welding — Part 2: Aluminium and aluminium
alloys.
EN 288-1, Specifications and approval of welding
procedures for metallic materials — Part 1: General
rules for fusion welding.
EN 288-2, Specification and approval of welding
procedures for metallic materials — Part 2: Welding
procedure specification for arc welding.
EN 288-4, Specification and approval of welding
procedures for metallic materials — Part 4: Welding
procedure tests for the arc welding of aluminium
and its alloy.
EN 10025, Hot rolled products of non-alloy
structural steels — Technical delivery conditions.
EN 26520, Classification of imperfections in metallic
fusion welds, with explanations.
ISO 209-1, Wrought aluminium and aluminium
allos — Chemical composition and forms of
product — Part 1: Chemical composition.
ISO 209-2, Wrought aluminium and aluminium
alloys — Chemical composition and forms of
product — Part 2: Forms of products.
ISO 228-1, Pipe threads where pressure-tight joints
are not made on the threads — Part 1: Designation,
dimensions and tolerances.
ISO 261, ISO general purpose metric screw
threads — General plan.
ISO 1101, Technical drawings — Geometrical
tolerancing — Tolerancing of form, orientation,
location and run-out — Generalities, definitions,
symbols, indications on drawings.
ISO 2081, Metallic coatings — Electroplated coating
of zinc on iron or steel.
5
EN 286-4:1994

ISO 2107, Aluminium, magnesium and their fb Permitted stress of the boss N/mm2
alloys — Temper designations.
ISO 2437, Recommendation practice for the X-ray g Throat thickness of a weld mm
inspection of fusion welded butt joints for h External height of the dished part of
aluminium and its alloys and magnesium and its an end mm
alloys 5 to 50 mm thick. (see Figure 3)
ISO 4520, Chromate conversion coatings on h1 External height of the cylindrical
electroplated zinc and cadmium coatings. part of the end mm
ISO 6361-2, Wrought aluminium and aluminium (see Figure 3)
alloy sheet, strip and plate — Part 2: Mechanical h2 Internal height of a dished part of
properties. the end mm
ISO 6362-2, Wrought aluminium and alloy extruded (see Figure 3)
rods/bars, tubes and profiles — Part 2: Mechanical Kc Design coefficient which is a
properties. function of the welding process —
3 Symbols L Total length of the vessel mm
For the purpose of this standard, the following L1 Distance between the axis of a
symbols apply: drainage opening and the end of the
vessel mm
A Elongation at rupture %
lrb Length of the boss contributing to
Afb Cross sectional area effective as reinforcement mm
compensation, of the boss mm2
lrbi Length of inward projecting boss
Afp Cross sectional area effective as contributing to reinforcement mm
compensation, of the reinforcing
plate mm2 lrp Length of the reinforcing plate
contributing to reinforcement,
Afs Cross sectional area effective as measured along the mid surface mm
compensation, of the shell mm2
lrs Length of the shell contributing to
Ap Area of the pressurized zone mm2 reinforcement, measured along the
c Absolute value of the minus rolling mid surface mm
tolerance for sheets as quoted in the P Design pressurea which is a function
standard mm of the maximum working pressure,
Do Outside diameter of the shell of the the welding process and inspection
vessel mm used bar
dib Internal diameter of the boss mm PS Maximum working pressurea bar
dob Outside diameter of the boss mm R Internal radius of the spherical
part of the end mm
e Nominal wall thickness mm
Ri Local internal radius at the location
ec Calculated thickness mm of the opening in question mm
ech Calculatd thickness of the end mm Rm Minimum tensile strength specified
ecs by the manufacturer or by the
Calculated thickness of the shell mm
standard defining the material N/mm2
eh Nominal thickness of the end mm Rp0,2 Minimum proof stress N/mm2
erb Wall thickness of the boss
r Internal radius of the torispherical
contributing to reinforcement mm
part of the end mm
erp Wall thickness of the reinforcing
Tmin Minimum working temperature °C
plate contributing to reinforcement mm
ers Wall thickness of the shell Tmax Maximum working temperature °C
contributing to reinforcement mm V Volume of the vessel l
f Nominal design stress at the design a All pressures are gauge pressures.
temperature N/mm2

6 © BSI 07-1999
 EN 286-4:1994

4 Materials The recommended grades of filler material to be

used are 5183 and 5356. These grades are suitable
4.1 Pressurized parts
for welding the grades listed in 4.1 and 4.2.
The aluminium alloys used in the fabrication of the Aluminium-silicon grades shall not be used.
pressurized parts of the vessels shall fulfil the
following conditions: The suitability of the welding products used is
verified during the qualification of the procedures
a) Rm k 350 N/mm2 described in clause 9.
b) elongation after rupture A shall be:
— if the test piece is taken parallel to the 5 Design
direction of rolling U 16 %; 5.1 Shell and ends
— if the test piece is taken perpendicular to the 5.1.1 General
direction of rolling U 14 %.
The vessels are of simple geometrical form,
4.1.1 Shell and ends composed of a cylindrical body of circular
The shell and ends shall be made of aluminium alloy cross-section and two outwardly dished
sheet or strip of one of the grades given in Table 1. torispherical ends.
4.1.2 Inspection bosses, pipes connection The design of the vessels shall take into account the
branches and drainage bosses installation and maintenance conditions. The
The bosses shall be made of 5083, 5086, 5454 installation and maintenance conditions shall be
or 5754 aluminium alloy bars or tubes in condition given by the manufacturer or the user
(see clause 13)
M in accordance with ISO 6362-2.
NOTE Examples of installation and maintenance requirements
4.2 Non-pressurized parts are given in informative Annex F and Annex G.
The accessories to be welded to the vessel, but which 5.1.2 Design of the shell
do not contribute to its strength, shall be made of Shells are generally made from a single sheet. If the
aluminium alloy compatible with the aluminium shell is made of several welded parts, the number of
alloy from which the pressurized parts of the vessel circular welds shall be kept to a minimum.
are made. The product analysis of the aluminium
alloy shall meet the following requirements: Longitudinal weld seams of parts of the shell shall:
— Rm k 350 N/mm2; — not be located on the lower part of the vessel
defined by an angle of 30° on either side of the
— Cu k 0,5 % and Zn k 0,25 %. vertical axis (see Figure 1);
4.3 Welding materials — be sufficiently far apart such as to form an
The filler material and gas fluxes shall be suitable angle greater than 40° (see example in Figure 2).
for the parent metals. All welds, even of a temporary nature, located
outside the designed seams are prohibited.
Table 1 — Aluminium ahoy materials
ISO designationa International Temper Maximum Temperature Design temperaturec
registration designationb temperature °C °C
recorda °C
20 50 100 20 50 65 100
Minimum proof Minimum design
stress stress
N/mm2 N/mm2
AlMg2Mn0,8 5049 0 100 80 80 70 48 48 46e 42
AlMg3 5754 0 100 80 80 70 48 48 46e 42
AlMg3Mn 5454 0 100 90 90 90 54 54 54e 54
AlMg4 5086 0 65 100 100 90d 60 60 58e 54d
AlMg4,5Mn0,7 5083 0 65 125 125 120d 75 75 74e 72d
a
ISO designation and International registration record see ISO 209-1 and ISO 209-2.
b
Temper designation, see ISO 2107.
c
For intermediate design temperatures linear interpolation may be used.
d For interpolation purposes only as temperature limit of 65 °C
e Interpolated value.

© BSI 07-1999 7
EN 286-4:1994

5.1.3.2 Heat treatment after forming

The parameters of the heat treatment to which ends
are subjected after forming cannot be specified in
this standard as they vary according to the following
criteria:
— the grade of aluminium alloy;
— the type of oven (other than direct radiation,
convection, etc.);
— the forming process (hot or cold drawing).
The heat treatment shall not affect the values of
Rp0,2 and Rm used in calculating the thickness.
In addition, after heat treatment the material shall
satisfy the following conditions:
Figure 1 — Position of longitudinal welds — tensile strength Rm k 350 N/mm2;
on the bottom of the shell — elongation after rupture A U 16 %.
The suitability of the heat treatment parameters
shall be checked by the approved inspection body
when the manufacturing record is submitted for the
certification procedure (see clause 12).
5.1.4 Calculation of shell and end thicknesses
5.1.4.1 General
The nominal thickness e of the shells and ends shall
be such that:
e U ec + c
The value of ec shall in no case be less than 3 mm.
The manufacturer shall apply a correction to allow
for thinning resulting from the manufacturing
process.
Figure 2 — Position of longitudinal welds 5.1.4.2 Calculation of the shell thickness ecs
on the shell
PD o
5.1.3 Design of the ends e cs = ------------------- K
20f + P c
5.1.3.1 Shape and dimensions of the ends The minimum design stress shall be taken
The torispherical ends shall be made from a single from Table 1.
sheet. NOTE It has been established from the standards quoted in
this part that 0,3Rm is always greater than 0,6Rp0,2.
Dishing and flanging shall be carried out by a
mechanical forming procedure, for example by The values of P and Kc to be taken into account are:
pressing or spinning. Hand forming is not a) case no. 1: P U 1,15Ps and Kc = 1 for automatic
permitted. welding and when tests are carried out in
The torispherical end shall meet the requirements acordance with 11.1.2.1;
of Figure 3 and Table 2. b) case no. 2: P U 1,3Ps and Kc = 1 for automatic
Table 2 — Height of the cylindrical welding and when tests are carried out in
portion of ends accordance with 11.1.2.2;
Dimensions in millimetres
c) case no. 3: P U 1,25Ps and Kc = 1,15 for welding
using a non-automatic process and when tests are
eh 3 4 5 6 8 10 carried out according to 11.1.1.
h1min 12 16 20 24 32 40 5.1.4.3 Calculation of the thickness of the ends ech
h1max 25 40 50 The end thickness shall be calculated in the
following manner:
a) Select the values of f from Table 1, and with
P = Ps, calculate P/10f.

8 © BSI 07-1999
 EN 286-4:1994

Figure 3 — Torispherical end

b) Calculate he/Do with he the smaller of the three Calculate he/Do, with he = smallest of 3 values:
values: a)

where:

b)

NOTE 0,3 is the minus rolling tolerance for the sheet.

c)
c) Determine ech/Do from Figure 4.
d) Multiply the value found by Do to obtain the
thickness ech. when ech is taken as
e) Verify the calculation with this value in place PD o
of that of ecs. equal to e cs = ------------------
- Kc
20f + P
Example of calculation of thickness ech of an end of
aluminium alloy 5083 in accordance with = 3,08
ISO 6361-2 for a vessel of diameter Do = 400 mm thus eh = 3,08 + 0,3 = 3,38
and a maximum service temperature of 65 °C.
giving he = 79,24 and he/Do = 0,198
P = 1,15Ps = 1,15 × 10 = 11,5 bar (case no. 1
in 5.1.4.2) for the shell From Figure 4: ech/Do = 0,0101
P = Ps = 10 bar for the ends ech = 0,0101 × 400 = 4,04.
Kc = 1 The verification of the calculation with ech = 4,04 in
R = Do = 400 mm place of ecs = 3,08 gives:
r = 0,1Do = 40 mm ech = 4.

Tmax = 65 °C 5.1.5 Welded joints of shells and ends

5.1.5.1 Longitudinal welds
f = 74 N/mm2 from Table 1
The welds shall be full penetration butt welds.
Therefore P/(10f) = 10/(10 × 74) = 0,0135
Backing strips, even of a temporary nature, are not
permitted.

© BSI 07-1999 9
EN 286-4:1994

Figure 4 — Theoretical curves for dished ends

5.1.5.2 Circular welds
The shell/end joints permitted are those shown
in Figure 5 to Figure 8. The welds in Figure 5 to
Figure 7 shall be of the full penetration type of the
shell/end wall; and for Figure 8 full penetration of
the shell wall.
For welding of sheets of different nominal Figure 5 — Butt weld with centre
thicknesses (shell/end weld), there shall be lines aligned
alignment either of the neutral axes (Figure 5) or of
the walls of the internal face or external face, the
connecting slope not exceeding 25 % (14°)
(see Figure 6 and Figure 7) and the misalignment of
the neutral axes not exceeding 1 mm. If the
misalignment of the neutral axes is greater
than 1 mm, levelling shall be carried out as shown
in Figure 7a and Figure 7b.

10 © BSI 07-1999

Figure 6 — Butt weld with centre lines offset
Figure 7 — Butt welds with centre lines
offset and connecting slope
Figure 8 — Weld of the shell ring to end
with necked edge
5.2 Openings
5.2.1 General
Inspection bosses, pipe connection branches and
drainage bosses are cylindrical parts comprising an
internal pipe thread complying with ISO 228-1 or an
ISO metric thread in accordance with ISO 261.
The permitted shapes and welding are defined
in 5.2.4.1 and 5.4.2.2.
The minimum number, dimensions and location on
the vessel are defined in clause 6.
© BSI 07-1999
EN 286-4:1994
The wall thickness of bosses shall not be less
than 2 times the thickness of the sheet to which
they are welded.
5.2.2 Holes for bosses
Where the diameter of the hole in the wall is greater
than 75 mm, a reinforcement calculation is
necessary in accordance with the method described
in 5.2.3.
Where holes require reinforcement, the distance
that they are to be apart is defined in 5.2.3.1.
The maximum distance between the centre of the
dished end and the outer edge of any holes shall not
be greater than 0,4Do (see Figure 9).
Holes in shells and ends should be located as far as
possible from welded seams and shall in no case
cross any welded seam.
The distance between any two welds measured from
the extremity of the edge preparation shall not be
less than 4 times the nominal thickness of the shell
or end, with a minimum of 25 mm (see Figure 10a
and Figure 10b).
Figure 9 — Position of a hole in an end
11
EN 286-4:1994

Figure 10 — Distance between two welds

measured from the end of the edge
preparation
5.2.3 Calculation of the opening reinforcement
5.2.3.1 General
The calculation method described in 5.2.3.2
and 5.2.3.3 is applicable to shells and dished ends in
which circular holes are made in compliance with
the following conditions and hypotheses.
Reinforcing plates, where used, shall be made from
the same material as that of the vessel to which they
are welded.
The distance between openings, measured from the
outer face of the reinforcing plates or openings shall
not be less than 2 × lrs where two openings require
reinforcement, or lrs where only one of the two
openings requires reinforcement.

l rs = ( 2R i + e rs )e rs (1)

where:
a) Ri = Do/2 – ers for shells;
b) Ri = R for ends.
Reinforcement of the openings is obtained by the
use of:
a) recess welded bosses (see Figure 11a
and Figure 11b);
b) welded reinforcing plates and recess welded
bosses (see Figure 11c).
Adequate reinforcement shall be provided in all
planes passing through the axis of the opening.
5.2.3.2 Reinforcement of opening
Only bosses of the “full penetration” type as shown
in Figure 11a and Figure 11b may be used. Figure 11 — Reinforcement of opening

12 © BSI 07-1999
 EN 286-4:1994

The length of the boss lrb contributing to the
reinforcement, used in equation (3) for determining
Afb shall not be greater than lrs [see equation (2)]:
lrb k lrs
(2)
If the drainage opening cannot be made in the
bottom of the vessel, drainage shall nevertheless be
provided by one of the permitted methods shown
in Figure 18 to Figure 25.

The value of erb used for determining Afb in

equation (3) shall not be more than twice ers.
The following condition shall also be complied with:

(3)

5.2.3.3 Reinforcement by reinforcing plate and boss

One of the following two conditions shall be
complied with:
— the permissible stress fb is less than stress f: Figure 12 — Fixing of a boss by an external
P/10{Ap + 0,5(Afs + Afb + 0,7Afp)} weld
k f(Afs + 0,7Afp) + fbAfb
— the permissible stress fb is greater than
stress f:

where:
a) the areas Ap, Afb, Afs and Afp are determined as
shown in Figure 11a, Figure 11b and Figure 11c;
b) the maximum height of the boss (lrb) to be used
in the calculation is:
Figure 13 — Fixing of a boss by internal and
external welds
c) the maximum height of the part of the boss
(lrbi) inside the vessel, to be used in the
calculation is:
lrbi = 0,5lrb
d) the dimensions of the reinforcing plate to be
used in the calculation are:
erp k ers and lrp k lrs
5.2.4 Welding of bosses
5.2.4.1 Inspection openings and pipe connection
branches
Welds can be either full penetration welds
(see Figure 12 and Figure 13) or partial penetration
welds (see Figure 14).
5.2.4.2 Drainage openings
Figure 14 — Fixing of a boss by internal and
The welds shall be full penetration welds of the wall external fillet welds
of the vessel. Weld preparation of the vessel may be
necessary.
Examples of permitted welds are given in Figure 15,
Figure 16 and Figure 17.

© BSI 07-1999 13
EN 286-4:1994

Figure 15 — Fixing of a drainage boss by an

external weld
Figure 19 — Dip tube fixed to the shell of a
horizontal vessel

Figure 16 — Fixing of a drainage boss by

internal and external welds
Figure 20 — Dip tube fixed to the shell of a
vertical vessel

Figure 17 — Fixing of a drainage boss with

drainage groove

Figure 21 — Dip tube fixed to a top end of a

vertical vessel

Figure 18 — Dip tube fixed to an end

14 © BSI 07-1999

Figure 22 — Dip tube fixed to the upper part
of the shell of a horizontal vessel
Figure 23 — Fixing of a dip tube
Figure 24 — Fixing of a dip tube to a boss
© BSI 07-1999
EN 286-4:1994
Figure 25 — Recessed fixing of a dip tube
to a boss
6 Inspection and drainage bosses
The vessels shall have at least the inspection and
drainage bosses of the dimensions given in Table 3.
However, vessels with a PV less than or equal
to 1 000 bar litres (with L < 1 500) may have only
one boss for pipe connection, inspection and
drainage. In this case, the minimum diameter
is 30 mm.
Other bosses intended particularly for pipe
connections may be provided, as long as they are
located well away from welded joints or seams
subject to deformation, and in particular away from
the knuckle ends.
Table 3 — Diameters and locations of bosses
dib1 Minimum diameter: 30 mm
A diameter of 30 mm corresponds
approximately to internal threads G1 and
M33
dib2 Minimum diameter: 18 mm
A diameter of 18 mm corresponds
approximately to internal threads G½ and
M20
L1 L/5 k L1 k L/3
The locations of the bosses shown in Figure 26 are
recommended. Other locations may be specified as
long as they permit access for internal inspection
and drainage of the vessel.
7 Marking
7.1 General
Vessels complying with this Part of this European
Standard shall bear the identification and service
marks given in 7.4.
These marks are stamped either in the metal of the
vessel itself or on a plate welded to the vessel wall.
These marks shall be located on the vessel at one of
the positions shown in Figure 27.
15
EN 286-4:1994
7.2 Marking stamped in the metal of the vessel
Stamping of marks shall only be carried out on
vessel walls of thickness e U 5 mm.
The stamps shall not have any sharp edges and the
depth of the stamping shall not exceed one tenth of
the wall thickness.
When the marking is on an end, the mark shall be
stamped as far as possible away from the theoretical
line of intersection of the knuckle radius and the
spherical radius and shall be close to the end base,
without interfering with the weld of the pipe
connection branch.
Marking shall be carried out before the ends are
welded onto the shell.
The only marks that shall be stamped onto the
finished vessel are those given in items 6) and 10)
of 7.4.
NOTE The drainage opening may be located other than in the bottom of the vessel provided that the vessel has a system for
ensuring its complete drainage (see 5.2.4.2)
Figure 26 — Location of openings
16
7.3 Marking stamped on a plate
The dimensions of the marking plate are given
in Figure 28.
7.4 Identity and service marks
This marking shall follow the general arrangement
shown in Figure 29 or, if necessary, shall be in three
zones (see Figure 27). These marks shall have a
minimum height of 5 mm. The dimensions in
Figure 29 are given for guidance.
8 Corrosion protection
8.1 General
An aluminium alloy vessel is particularly sensitive
to electrochemical corrosion. It should therefore be
insulated electrically from the chassis of the vehicle.
NOTE Examples of installation conditions are given in the
informative Annex F.
© BSI 07-1999
© BSI 07-1999

NOTE The location of marking on the shell or an end as shown in Figure 27 are recommended. Other locations may be used on condition that the marks are positioned horizontally
and can be read in the best possible conditions after installation on the vehicle.
Figure 27 — Location of identity and service marks

EN 286-4:1994
17
18

EN 286-4:1994
(1) The dimensions shall be in the line with those of the marking described in 7.4.
Figure 28 — Marking plate
© BSI 07-1999
 EN 286-4:1994

1) Name or trademark of the manufacturer and place of fabrication. (The arrangement and height of the characters are left to the
discretion of the manufacturer).
2) Year of fabrication.
3) Vessel pattern number and batch identification.
4) Internal volume (in litres).
5) Maximum working pressure (in bars).
6) Mark of compliance with this European Standard: EN 286-4, and the last 2 digits of the year in which the mark is affixed. The CE
mark and the distinguishing number of the approved inspection body.
7) Minimum service temperature T
min (in °C).
8) Maximum service temperature T
max (in °C)
9) Name or trademark of the user. Order number allocated by the user.
10) Provision for date (last 2 digits of the year) and inspectors stamp corresponding to the detailed inspections and tests given in G.6.

NOTE If the vessel is re-tested, the corresponding marks (data and stamp) should be located next to the existing obligatory marks.
In the case of a plate, it should have a free space for this purpose.
Figure 29 — Identity and service marks
If corrosion protection is necessary (see 8.3) it shall
be the subject of an agreement between the railway
customer and the supplier and meet the service
surveillance requirements given in Annex G.
8.2 Protection of internal walls
No protection is required.
8.3 Protection of external walls
The outer walls of vessels not protected against
impact of ballast or particles from the braking of the
vehicle shall be given a protective surface coating.
9 Qualification of welding procedures
Welding procedures shall be specified in accordance
with EN 288-1, EN 288-2 and EN 288-4. The
qualification shall be witnessed by an approved
inspection body.
10 Qualification of welders and
welding operators
Welders and welding operators shall be qualified in
accordance with EN 287-2. The qualification shall
be witnessed by an approved inspection body.
11 Testing of the vessels
11.1 Testing of welds by the manufacturer
Welds shall be tested in accordance with the
requirements of Table 4 to Table 6.
The acceptance criteria are specified in 11.1.5.
11.1.1 Welds made by non-automatic welding
In this case: P U 1,25PS and KC = 1,15 (see 5.1.4.2
case no. 3).
11.1.2 Welds made by an automatic process
11.1.2.1 With P U 1,15PS and KC = 1 (see 5.1.4.2
case no. 1)
11.1.2.2 With P U 1,3PS and KC = 1 (see 5.1.4.2 case
no. 2).
11.1.3 Destructive testing of welds on coupon
plates
The following tests shall be carried out by the
manufacturer on coupon plates:
a) one face bend test around a mandrel of
diameter 2e, through an angle of 180°;
b) one reverse bend test around a mandrel of
diameter 2e, through an angle of 180°;

© BSI 07-1999 19
EN 286-4:1994

c) one macro test. Following the bending tests, the sample shall not
11.1.4 Quality of the films have any defects greater than 3 mm in any
direction.
The quality class of the films shall be determined in
accordance with the requirements of ISO 2437. In the macrographic examination, the affected
surface of the sample shall show, through the
11.1.5 Acceptance criteria for welds microscope, a welded point image with an adequate
The results of all the tests shall be recorded. If a test penetration and with no defects other than those
gives an unsatisfactory result, the reason shall be permitted in Table 8.
sought and a further two samples shall be prepared 11.1.6 Finish of longitudinal and circular
and verified. If it can be shown that the failure is a joints
result of a local or accidental defect and that the
All welds shall have a smooth finish without valleys
re-tests are satisfactory, the re-test results shall be
and shall merge into the plates without
accepted.
undercutting or abrupt irregularity (see Table 7).
If a new sample gives unsatisfactory results all the
welds of all the vessels produced since the start of To ensure that the weld is fully penetrated and thus
production or since the last unsatisfactory that the surface of the weld metal does not fall below
the surface of the adjoining plate, weld metal may
non-destructive test shall undergo a non-destructive
be built up as reinforcement on each side of the
test.
plate. This reinforcement shall not exceed the
Table 7 and Table 8 show the acceptance levels. values given in Table 9.
If any part of a weld has been repaired the whole of The reinforcement need not be removed except to
the repaired weld seam shall be verified by means of the extent that it exceeds the permissible thickness.
a non-destructive test.
Table 4 — Amount of testing required for welds made by a non-automatic process
Testing by the manufacturer Verification by the
approved inspection body
where required
Test Non-destructive test (NDT) Destructive test (DT)
Each vessel 100 % visual inspection
During manufacture
Longitudinal weld
1 coupon plate for the
first 100 m of weld
Then every 100 m of weld

Each welding 1 100 % X-ray of the weld, or 1 coupon plate Visual inspection of
machine and each including junctions, on coupon plates and
welding procedure the same vessel films held by the
manufacturer.
Inspection of the
Circumferential weld results of the various
If the welding process or the designation of the filler tests carried out in
metal is identical to that used for the longitudinal weld, application of this
standard.
then the circumferential weld needs no further testing.
If the welding process or standard designation of the
filler metal differs from those used for making the
longitudinal weld:
1 coupon plate at the
start of fabrication
Then every 300 m of weld with a minimum on any one
vessel of the batch of:
1 100 % X-ray of the weld or 1 coupon plate

20 © BSI 07-1999
 EN 286-4:1994

Table 5 — Amount of testing required for welds made by an automatic procedure

with P U 1,15Ps
Testing by the manufacturer Verification by the approved
inspection body where
required
Test Non-destructive test (NDT) Destructive test (DT)
Each vessel 100 % visual inspection
Longitudinal weld
After adjustment
1 X-ray per film of length or 1 coupon plate
greater than 200 mm
including at least one
junction
During manufacture
Every 100 m of weld or at each change of adjustment
outside the tolerances fixed in the description of the
welding procedure or at each change of standard
designation of the filler metal:
Each welding 1 X-ray per film of length or 1 coupon plate Visual inspection of
machine and each greater than 200 mm coupon plates and films
welding procedure including at least one held by the manufacturer
junction
Circumferential weld Inspection of the results
If the welding process or the designation of the filler of the various tests
metal is identical to that used for the longitudinal weld, carried out in application
then the circumferential weld needs no further testing. of this standard.
If the welding process or standard designation of the
filler metal is different from those used for making the
longitudinal weld:
After adjustment
1 X-ray per film of length or 1 coupon plate
greater than 200 mm
including at least one
junction
During manufacture
Every 300 m of weld or at each change of adjustment
outside the tolerances fixed in the description of the
welding procedure or at each change in the standard
designation of the filler metal:
1 X-ray per film of length or 1 coupon plate
greater than 200 mm
including at least one
junction
With a minimum per batch of vessels or per month:
2 X-rays per film of length or 2 coupon plates
greater than 200 mm
including at least one
junction
NOTE The coupon plates or X-rays shall be from different vessels in
the batch

© BSI 07-1999 21
EN 286-4:1994

Table 6 — Amount of testing required for welds made by an automatic

procedure with P U 1,15Ps
Testing by the manufacturer Verification by the approved
inspection body where
required
Test Non-destructive test (NDT) Destructive test (DT)
Each vessel 100 % visual inspection
Longitudinal weld
After adjustment
1 X-ray per film of length or 1 coupon plate
greater than 200 mm
including at least one
junction
During manufacture
Every 200 m of weld or at each change of adjustment
outside the tolerances fixed in the description of the
welding procedure or at each change of standard
designation of the filler metal:
Each welding 1 X-ray per film of length or 1 coupon plate Visual inspection of
machine and each greater than 200 mm coupon plates and films
welding procedure including at least one held by the
junction manufacturer.
Circumferential weld Inspection of the various
If the welding process or the designation of the filler tests carried out in
metal is identical to that used for the longitudinal weld, application of this
then the circumferential weld needs no further testing. standard.
If the welding process or standard designation of the
filler metal is different from those used for making the
longitudinal weld:
After adjustment
1 X-ray per film of length or 1 coupon plate
greater than 200 mm
including at least one
junction
During manufacture
Every 500 m of weld or at each change of adjustment
outside the tolerances fixed in the description of the
welding procedure or at each change of standard
designation of the filler metal:
1 X-ray per film of length or 1 coupon plate
greater than 200 mm
including at least one
junction
Within a minimum per batch of vessels or per month:
1 X-ray per film of length or 1 coupon plate
greater than 200 mm
including at least one
junction
NOTE The coupon plates or X-rays shall be from any vessels in the
batch

22 © BSI 07-1999
 EN 286-4:1994

Table 7 — Acceptance levels of defects in butt-welds, detected by visual examination

Defect EN 26520 reference Acceptance level

Lack of penetration 402 Not permitted

Undercut 5011 Slight and intermittent, permitted provided not
5012 sharp and does not exceed 0,5 mm depth
Shrinkage groove 5013 As undercut
Root concavity 515 As undercut
Excessive penetration 504 See 11.1.6
Excess weld metal 502 See 11.1.6
Irregular surface 514 Reinforcement to be of continuous and regular
509 shape with complete filling of groove
511
513
517
Overlap 506 Not permitted
Linear misalignment 507 See 5.1.5.2
Arc strike 601 Grind smooth
Spatter 602 Acceptance subject to thickness verification and
Torn surface 603 crack detection test
Grinding mark 604
Chipping mark 605

Table 8 — Acceptance levels of defects in butt-welds, detected by X-ray examination

Defect EN 26520 reference Acceptance level

Cracks 100 Not permitted

Porosity (isolated and 2011 Individual diameter e/4 but not more than 2 mm
grouped) 2013 for a 2 % projected area max.a
2017
Porosity (uniformly 2012 Individual diameter e/4 but not more than 2 mm
distributed) for a 2 % projected area max.a
Porosity (linear) 2014 Check for lack of fusion before accepting.
Otherwise as 2011, 2012, 2013
Crater pipes 2024 Not permitted
Slag and flux inclusions 3011 Individual length max. e/3
and elongated cavities 3021
(individual and parallel to 2015 Summation of length = e max. in 12e length if
weld axis) separation < 6 × longest defect
Slag and flux inclusions 3012 Individual length max. e/3
and wormholes (random 3013
not parallel to weld axis) 3022
3023
2016
Copper inclusions 3042 Not permitted
Lack of fusion (side, root 401 Not permitted
or inter-run)
a Area = maximum length of weld affected × local width of weld.

© BSI 07-1999 23
EN 286-4:1994
Table 9 — Maximum permissible
reinforcement for longitudinal and circular
welds
Dimensions in millimetres
Thickness of the thicker Maximum reinforcement
plate thickness r1
or r2 (see Figure 30)
ek5 2,5
5 < e k 12 3,5
Figure 30 — Reinforcement thickness
11.2 Dimensional inspection
Vessels fabricated manually shall be inspected
individually in order to ensure that they comply
with the tolerances specified below.
For vessels fabricated on an automatic line, the
inspector shall ensure, at the start of fabrication,
that the vessels meet the following dimensional
requirements. He shall then carry out a thorough
examination on at least one vessel in
every 50 fabricated.
Unless otherwise stated, the following tolerances
apply:
a) length L
b) diameter Do(k 500 mm)
(> 500 mm)
c) circularity of the cylindrical body 0,01Do;a
d) straightness of any generating
line of the cylindrical body
d) straightness of any generating
line of the cylindrical body
e) volume of the vessel in the
as-delivered state
a
The tolerances of shape and position are set out
in ISO 1101.
24
In addition, the wall of the vessels shall be free of
localized defects such as sudden local irregularities,
bumps, flats, cavities, folds, tool marks or visible
symmetry defects. Cavities or bumps are permitted
provided that they connect with the surrounding
surface with gentle slopes not exceeding 25 % (14°)
and with rounding of radius greater than 50 mm.
Their dimensions shall not exceed:
f) radially ± 3 mm;
g) longitudinally 0,25 L;
h) transversely ;Do/20.
In addition, surface scratches are permitted as long
as they are less than 0,1 mm deep. Acceptance of a
concentration of scratches shall be the subject of
agreement between the manufacturer and the
client.
11.3 Pressure test
Each vessel with all its fittings (bosses, brackets,
etc.) shall be subjected to a hydrostatic test, prior to
the application of the protective coating, equivalent
to a pressure of 1,5 times the design pressure, i.e.:
a) 17,25 bar when the design pressure is taken
as 11,5 bar (case no. 1 — 5.1.4.2);
b) 19,5 bar when the design pressure is taken
as 13 bar (case no. 2 — 5.1.4.2);
c) 18,75 bar when the design pressure is taken
as 12,5 bar (case no. 3 — 5.1.4.2).
in the presence of a person of recognized competence
(see clause 12).
This pressure shall be maintained for a sufficient
length of time to permit a visual examination of all
the surfaces and all the welded joints. The vessel
shall show no sign of plastic deformation or leakage.
Subject to agreement, a pneumatic test may be
carried out on each vessel, at the pressure defined
± 7 mm; above.
± 3 mm; WARNING. The pneumatic test is potentially a
± 0,6 %; much more dangerous operation than the hydraulic
test in that, irrespective of the size of the vessel, any
failure during testing may result in an explosion. It
should therefore only be carried out after
± 0,01Do;a consultation with the inspection body and having
ensured that the safety measures taken comply with
current legislation of the country in which the test is
± 0,01L;a
carried out.
All vessels which fail the pressure test shall be
± 3,5 %. rejected. Repairs may be permitted, with the
agreement of the client network, but in this case the
pressure test shall be repeated.
© BSI 07-1999
 EN 286-4:1994

12 Certification procedures 14 Delivery

This standard specifies three classes of vessel to
which the certification procedure set out in Table 10
applies.
13 Information to be supplied at the
time of invitation to tender and the
time of order
The invitation to tender and order, to which is
attached the final drawing of the vessel, shall
indicate the number of this standard and specify the
following, if they have not already been specified in
the drawing or the documents attached to it:
a) the dimensions and volume of the vessel;
b) the aluminium alloy or alloys, together with
the number of the reference standard, from
which the shell and ends are to be made
(see clause 4);
c) the type of shell/end joints (see 5.1.5.2);
d) the shape of the openings and their welding to
the vessel (see 5.2.4);
e) the location of the openings (see clause 6);
f) whether the marking is stamped in the metal
or on a plate (see clause 7);
g) the marks which the vessel shall have and
their location on it (see 7.4);
h) corrosion protection measures (see clause 8);
j) a drawing showing how the vessel is assembled
on the vehicle (see Annex F);
k) the requirements for service surveillance
(see informative Annex G).
Table 10 — Classification of vessels
Classification Ps · V
After complete drying of the inside walls, the vessel
in the delivery condition shall have all its openings
plugged with plastic stoppers or some other means
to ensure that the inside of the vessel is free from
dust, water or any other foreign bodies.
Prior to despatch, the vessel shall be suitably
protected to avoid any damage (impact,
deformation ... ) during transport.
The packing shall be determined by the railway
customer and the manufacturer.
15 Documentation to accompany the
vessel
The documentation to accompany the vessel shall
include:
a) particulars given on the vessel nameplate,
including the serial identification;
b) the use for which the vessel has been designed;
c) the installation and maintenance requirements
where they differ from those given in Annex F
and Annex G respectively;
d) a declaration that the vessel is in accordance
with the requirements of this European Standard
(see Annex B);
e) for information to the customer, a statement on
the test certificate that there shall be no welding
operations carried out on pressurized parts of the
vessel.
The documentation shall be in the language, or
languages, of the country of destination.
Certification procedureb Comment

Class 1 Greater than Type examinationa Verification See Annex A

3 000 bar litres (see Annex D) or
and not more than approval of design and
10 000 bar litres construction dossiera
(see Annex C, clause 2)
Class 2 Greater than 200 Verificationa or See Annex A
bar litres and not declaration of
more than 3 000 conformitya and
bar litres surveillance (and
special documents) See Annex B
Class 3 Greater Verificationa or See Annex A
than 50 bar litres declaration of
and not more conformitya and
than 200 bar litres special documents) See Annex B
a
At manufacturer’s choice.
b
The mark of the inspection body shall be affixed to the vessels subjected to verification.

© BSI 07-1999 25
EN 286-4:1994

Annex A (normative)
Verification
A.1 General
Verification shall be performed by an approved inspection body on batches of vessels submitted by their
manufacturer or by his authorized representative. Batches shall be accompanied by the type-examination
certificate (see Annex D) or by the certificate of approval of the design and manufacturing schedule
(certificate of adequacy) (see Annex C).
When a batch is examined, the inspection body shall ensure that the vessels have been manufactured and
checked in accordance with the design and manufacturing schedule and shall perform a hydrostatic test or,
subject to the agreement of the Member State, a pneumatic test on each vessel in the batch at at a pressure
equal to 1,5 times the design pressure. Moreover, the inspection body shall carry out tests on test pieces
taken from a representative production coupon plate or from a vessel, as the manufacturer chooses, in order
to examine weld quality. The tests shall be carried out on longitudinal welds. However, where differing
welding techniques are used for longitudinal and circumferential welds, the tests shall be repeated on
representative test pieces of circumferential welds.
A.2 Construction verification
The approved inspection body shall perform the following checks and examinations.
A.2.1 Check of the manufacturing record
The manufacturing record shall be checked (see Annex E).
A.2.2 External and internal inspection, dimensional check
The inspection body shall check the identification of the vessel, e.g. the data-plate, and shall inspect the
vessels visually, externally and internally, for defects, especially the seams.
The inspection shall be performed before any permanent covering coatings are applied. The inspection body
shall check dimensions of shells, ends, openings and other parts, that are of importance to the safety of the
vessel, for conformity with the drawings. Distances important for safety
(e.g. distance between openings) shall be checked if considered necessary.
NOTE Normally it is adequate if 10 % of vessels are checked and inspected, these to be selected by the approved inspection body.
A.2.3 Destructive testing
Destructive testing as required by 11.1.3 shall be witnessed by the approved inspection body who will
certify the results.
A.2.4 Non-destructive testing
Non-destructive testing of butt weld seams as required by clause 11 shall be checked by the approved
inspection body. This includes spot checks of films. If the films are not available, spot NDT shall be
performed according to Table 4 to Table 6.

Annex B (normative)
Declaration of conformity — Surveillance
B.1 General
B.1.1 Declaration of conformity
Vessels in accordance with the European Standard whose product Ps and V exceeds 50 bar litres but which
does not exceed 3 000 bar litres are, at the choice of the manufacturer, either subject to verification
(see Annex A) or subject to the declaration of conformity.
B.1.2 Surveillance
By the declaration of conformity the manufacturer becomes subject to surveillance for vessels for which the
product of Ps and V exceeds 200 bar litres and does not exceed 3 000 bar litres. The purpose of surveillance
is to ensure that the manufacturer duly fulfils the obligations required by this European Standard.
In the case of vessels manufactured in accordance with an approved specimen, for which a type
examination certificate exists, surveillance shall be the responsibility of the approved inspection body
which issued this type of examination certificate.

26 © BSI 07-1999
 EN 286-4:1994

In the case of vessels not manufactured in accordance with an approved specimen, surveillance shall be the
responsibility of the approved inspection body which issued the certificate of approval of the design and
manufacturing schedule (certificate of adequacy) (see C.2).
B.2 Procedure required before commencement of manufacture of vessels of classes 2 and 3
(see clause 12) subject to a declaration of conformity
B.2.1 Responsibilities of the manufacturer
Before commencing manufacture, the manufacturer shall submit to the approved inspection body which
issued the type examination certificate or the certificate of adequacy (see Annex C), a document describing
the manufacturing processes and all of the predetermined, systematic measures taken to ensure
conformity of the vessels with this European Standard.
This document shall include the design and manufacturing schedule and the documents referred to
in B.2.1.1 to B.2.1.5.
The manufacturer shall appoint a management representative who, irrespective of other responsibilities,
shall have independent authority and responsibility for ensuring that the requirements of this European
Standard are implemented and maintained.
B.2.1.1 A description of the means of manufacture and inspection appropriate to the construction of the
vessels.
B.2.1.2 An inspection document describing the appropriate examinations and test to be carried out during
manufacture together with the procedures thereof and the frequency with which they are to be performed.
B.2.1.3 An undertaking to carry out the examinations and tests in accordance with the inspection
document referred to above and to have a hydrostatic test carried out on each vessel in accordance with this
European Standard.
B.2.1.4 The addresses of the places of manufacture and storage and the date on which manufacture is to
commence.
B.2.1.5 In addition, when the product of Ps and V exceeds 200 bar litres, the manufacturer shall authorize
access to the said places of manufacture or storage by the body responsible for the surveillance, for
inspection purposes, and allow that body to select sample vessels and provide it with all necessary
information and in particular:
a) the design and manufacturing schedule;
b) the inspection report;
c) the type examination certificate or certificate of adequacy, where appropriate;
d) a report on the examinations and test carried out.
B.2.2 Responsibilities of the approved inspection bodies
The inspection body responsible for the surveillance shall examine the documents referred to in B.2.1.1
and B.2.1.3 in order to check their conformity with the requirements of this European Standard and with:
a) the conditions stated in the certificate of adequacy; or
b) the design and manufacturing record and the conditions stated in the type examination certificate.
Manufacturing cannot commence before the approved inspection body has issued written approval of this
document.
B.3 Procedures required during manufacture of vessels of classes 2 and 3 (see clause 12)
subject to a declaration of conformity
B.3.1 Responsibilities of the manufacturer
The manufacturer shall ensure that the inspections and testing are carried out in accordance with the
documented procedures to complete the evidence of full conformance of the vessel to this European
Standard. The inspection and test status of vessels shall be identified by using markings, authorized
stamps, tags, labels, inspection records, physical location or other suitable means which indicate
conformance or non-conformance of vessels with regard to inspection and tests performed.
Records shall identify the inspection authority responsible for the release of conforming vessels.
The manufacturer shall maintain control of vessels that do not conform to the requirements of this
European Standard. All nonconforming vessels shall be clearly identified and segregated to prevent
unauthorized use, delivery or mixing with conforming vessels.

© BSI 07-1999 27
EN 286-4:1994

Repaired or re-worked vessels shall be re-inspected in accordance with documented procedures.

B.3.2 Responsibilities of approved inspection bodies
For vessels whose product of Ps and V exceeds 200 bar litres, the inspection body responsible for
surveillance shall, during fabrication:
a) ensure that the manufacturer manufactures and checks the vessels in accordance with the documents
described in B.2.1;
b) take random samples — two at each visit (see B.3.4.2) — at the place of manufacture or storage of
vessels for inspection purposes as given in B.3.3 and B.3.4.
B.3.3 Frequency of inspection body operation
Initial operation a) and b) of B.3.2 shall be carried out within two months of the commencement of
manufacture and, afterwards, random checks will be made at the normal rate of one visit per year if the
rate of production of vessels of the same type is up to 3 000/year and twice if production is more
than 6 000/year. For production quantities between these, the rate of visit will be adjusted accordingly.
B.3.4 Surveillance checks and tests
To ensure that the manufacturer produces and checks vessels subject to the declaration of conformity in
accordance with this European Standard, the inspection body responsible for the surveillance shall perform
the following checks, inspections, examinations and tests.
B.3.4.1 Check of the design and manufacturing record, the inspection report and the report on the
examinations and tests carried out, in particular with respect to completeness, consistency, validity of
certificates, qualification of personnel, etc.
B.3.4.2 The inspection body shall select at random at least two vessels in such a manner that at least one
vessel per family is selected per year. On these vessels, it shall perform an external and internal inspection,
a dimensional check, a non-destructive test of all butt welds (radiographic examination) and a hydrostatic
test (see A.1).
B.3.4.3 The inspection body shall make available to the manufacturer a copy of the surveillance report that
has been prepared.

Annex C (normative)
Design and manufacturing schedules
C.1 Content
The design and manufacturing schedules shall contain the name of the manufacturer and the place of
manufacture and shall give the following information:
— a detailed manufacturing drawing of the vessel type;
— a set of instructions comprising:
a) the maximum working pressure, Ps ......... bar;
b) the maximum working temperature, Tmax ...... °C;
c) the minimum working temperature, Tmin ...... °C;
d) the volume of the vessel, V .......... litre;
e) the name or mark of the manufacturer;
f) a drawing showing assembly of the vessel to the rolling stock approved by the client network
indicating in particular the method of attachment (see Annex F);
g) the service surveillance requirements approved by the client network (see Annex G);
— a document describing:
a) the materials selected;
b) the welding processes used;
c) the checks to be carried out;
d) any pertinent details as to the vessel design including the design pressure;
e) the certificates relating to the suitable qualification of the welding procedures and of the welders
or operators;

28 © BSI 07-1999
 EN 286-4:1994

f) if the certificates for the welding procedures, welders or operators are not available, this shall not
prevent the approved body from evaluating the other documents. However, they shall be submitted
before approval is given or manufacturing commences;
g) the inspection slips for the materials used for the manufacture of parts and assemblies contributing
to the strength of the pressure vessel or a specimen of these inspection slips;
h) a specimen of the proposed report on examination and tests.
C.2 Approval of design and manufacturing schedule (certificate of adequacy)
If vessels are not manufactured on the basis of a type-examination certificate, the manufacturer or his
authorized representative shall submit to an approved inspection body an application for design approval
and enclose three copies of this design and manufacturing schedule (see C.1).
Various vessels or vessel families can be included in one design and manufacturing schedule, but all vessel
details (including branches, bosses and attachments) of the production envisaged shall be included.
The approved inspection body shall examine these documents in order to check the conformity of the
design, of the required tests, and of the qualifications with the requirements of this standard. If they are
in agreement with the requirements of this standard the approved inspection body shall issue a certificate
of adequacy which shall be forwarded to the applicant.

Annex D (normative)
Type examination
Type examination is the procedure by which an approved inspection body ascertains and certifies that a
prototype vessel satisfies the provisions of this part of this European Standard. The manufacturer or his
authorized representative shall submit to an approved inspection body an application for type examination.
The application shall include three copies of the design and manufacturing schedule (see Annex C) and a
prototype vessel which is representative of the production envisaged.
If the application is lodged for various vessels, a prototype vessel is required for each vessel type.
Various vessels or vessel types can be included in one design and manufacturing schedule, but all vessel
details (including branches, bosses and attachments) of the production envisaged shall be included.
The approved inspection body shall examine the documents in order to check the conformity of design,
qualifications and the proposed tests with the requirements of this European Standard.
The approved inspection body shall also verify that the vessel has been manufactured in conformity with
the design and manufacturing schedule and is representative of the type and shall perform appropriate
examinations and tests (including 100 % NDT of main seams and a hydrostatic test).
If the design and manufacture schedule and the prototype(s) comply with the provisions of this part of this
European Standard, the approved inspection body shall draw up a type-examination certificate (per vessel
type) which shall be forwarded to the applicant. The certificate shall state the conclusions of the
examination, indicate any conditions to which its issue may be subject and be accompanied by the
descriptions and drawings necessary for identification of the approved prototype.

Annex E (normative)
Content of the manufacturing record
The manufacturing record of the vessels shall contain (at least) the following information.
E.1 General information
a) the name or mark of the manufacturer;
b) the place of manufacture;
c) the qualification certificates for the welding procedures and the welders or welding operators;.
d) the reports of the tests and inspections performed, or description of the proposed verifications.
E.2 Specific information
a) the identification codes of the vessels specific to the manufacturer (example No. ... to ...);
b) the type approval number or the certificate of adequacy;
c) the diameter of the vessels;
d) the volume of the vessels;

© BSI 07-1999 29
EN 286-4:1994

e) the maximum working pressure;

f) the maximum working temperature;
g) the minimum working temperature, if below – 10 °C;
h) the test pressure;
j) the drawing number(s);
k) the date of manufacture;
l) the size of the batch;
m) the inspection document for the materials used in the manufacture of main pressurized parts;
For parts, other than shells and ends with diameters not exceeding 250 mm, a declaration by the
manufacturer stating that only materials complying with the required documents have been used, is
acceptable.
n) the date of the hydrostatic test, signed by the manufacturer’s inspector and, in the case of
verification, by the inspector from the approved inspection body.
E.3 Records
Records shall contain information required by E.1 and E.2 in such a way as to allow traceability. For the
purpose of traceability, records shall be maintained of the vessel number/customer. Records shall be kept
for at least 40 years.

Annex F (informative)
Assembly to the vehicles
F.1 General
Particular attention should be paid to the materials from which surrounding components are made (straps,
cradle, pipes etc.). The difference between materials in the vessel and the surrounding unit affects the
corrosion resistance of the aluminium alloy of the vessel.
This corrosion is generally the result of the difference in the electrical potentials of the materials present,
the presence of stray electric current and the electrolyte resulting from a moist environment.
Particular attention should be paid to the assembly of the vessel on the vehicle in order to avoid the effects
of electrochemical corrosion.
F.2 Fixing
The vessels should be fixed by means of straps with properties as indicated in F.3 and inserts of corrosion
protection tape as defined in F.4.
The vessel is generally fixed by means of two straps (see Figure F.1 and Figure F.2 for typical examples).
However, for small vessels, a single strap may be used as long as it does not obstruct reading of the identity
and service marks.
The straps are fastened to the vehicles by one of the approved methods shown in Figure F.3 to Figure F.6.
Other methods may be used provided that all safety requirements are complied with.
The means of fixing to the vehicle should be electrically insulated (see the assembly examples shown
in Figure F.7 and Figure F.8). The cradle should, as far as possible, be part of the vehicle chassis.

30 © BSI 07-1999
 EN 286-4:1994

Figure F.1 — Fixing by straps of a vessel in the horizontal position

Figure F.2 — Fixing by straps of a vessel in

the vertical position
F.3 Fixing straps
The fixing straps should be made of flat galvanized steel of minimum tensile strength Rm k 580 N/mm2 as
specified in EN 10025 or steel with equivalent mechanical properties and dimensions specified in F.3.1.

© BSI 07-1999 31
EN 286-4:1994

Figure F.3 — End of straps with

angle brackets
Straps made of circular rod are not permitted.
F.3.1 Fixing by two straps
The dimensions of the straps are given in Table F.1.
F.3.2 Fixing by a single strap
The strap section should be approved by the customer for each particular case.
F.4 Insulating tapes
The insulating tapes should meet the following requirements:
a) remain elastic within the limits of the service temperatures specified by this standard;
b) not be susceptible to creep;
c) retain their insulating properties on ageing and in the presence of moisture. The value of the
insulating resistance should, under no circumstances, be less than 700 kg7.

Figure F.4 — Ends with straps folded and

reinforced

32 © BSI 07-1999
 EN 286-4:1994

Figure F.5 — Ends of straps with welded bolt

Figure F.6 — Ends of straps with grooved

welded bolt

© BSI 07-1999 33
EN 286-4:1994

Figure F.7 — Fixing to the vehicle with a bolt

Figure F.8 — Fixing to the vehicle with a nut

Table F.1 — Dimensions of straps

Dimensions in millimetres

Do k 450 > 450 and k 600 > 600

Section of flats 25 × 4 45 × 6 60 × 6

F.5 Mounting
F.5.1 General
The drawing showing assembly of the vessel on the vehicle should ensure that the identity and service
marks can be read under all possible conditions.
Contact between the vessel and the vehicle should always be via cradles, with insulating tape (see F.4)
inserted between the vessel and the cradle.
The fixing straps and their insulating tape should always be placed around the shell (see Figure F.1
and Figure F.2). All necessary steps should be taken to avoid movement of the insulating tape relative to
the straps and the vessel.

34 © BSI 07-1999
 EN 286-4:1994

The cradle should:

a) be placed transversely in relation to the vessel;
b) be adapted to the shape of the vessel;
c) have a width at least equal to that of the fixing straps;
d) have a span equal to or greater than 0,6Do.
The tension on the straps required to prevent movement of the vessel is applied via fasteners
(see Figure F.7 and Figure F.8).
NOTE The nuts should have locking devices.
Excessive tightening causes plastic deformation of the vessel wall at the position of the straps, resulting in
rapid fatigue fracture of the vessel.
The assembly drawing should therefore state the maximum torque to be applied to the fasteners.
Table F.2 gives the permitted tightening torque values which have been calculated for a Shore hardness of
the insulating tape of 50, and with a coefficient of friction in the fasteners of 0,2.
F.5.2 Fixing by two straps
They should be located as close as possible to the circular welds without, however, obscuring them as they
should remain visible once the vessel has been fixed.
Table F.2 — Tightening torques
Diameter of vessel Maximum tightening torque
Do daN·m
Fastener diameter
mm M10 M12 M16 M20
< 450 0,3 0,35
450 < Do < 600 0,5 0,65
> 600 0,85 1,2
F.5.3 Fixing by a single strap
It should be located so as not to obscure the circular welds.
F.6 Pipe connections
Connections between the non-alloy steel pipes and the vessels should be of passivated and galvanized steel
Fe/Zn 12 c 2C or Fe/Zn 12 c 2D in accordance with ISO 2081 and ISO 4520.
F.7 Protection of the drainage mechanism
Where an automatic drainage mechanism is mounted directly on to the vessel opening, it should be
protected against accidental damage by a cap.
NOTE In the case of vehicles fitted with an air dryer, the drainage opening may be closed by a passivated and galvanized (see F.6)
steel threaded plug with a pressure relief hole and gasket.

Annex G (informative)
Service Surveillance of vessels
G.1 General
The maintenance recommendations in this annex meet the minimum safety requirements during normal
service of aluminium alloy vessels which comply with the requirements of this European Standard.
The vessels are used throughout the whole service life of the vehicle or device to which they are fitted, to a
maximum of 40 years. At the end of this period, they are dispensed with under the conditions specified
in G.10 However, under special circumstances (a series of vehicles being replaced or vehicles destined for
a museum), the service life of the vessels may be prolonged subject to suitable surveillance specified in G.9.
The service surveillance of the vessels complying with this European Standard is carried out during
periodic inspections or revisions to the vehicle or the device fitted with it, under the following conditions.

© BSI 07-1999 35
EN 286-4:1994

G.2 Vessels used at: Ps k 6 bar

Table G.1 — Service surveillance of vessels used at Ps k 6 bar
Maximum interval between 2 operations Operation Removal Method and
sanction

In a scheduled examination before External visual inspection and No G.4

6 00 000 kma or 6 years drainage
24 years on the occasion of a revision Internal and external inspection No G.4 and G.5
a
This period may be extended to a maximum of 6 years if the vessel is protected against external attacks, for example if it is
installed in an enclosure or is an integral part of the apparatus.

G.3 Vessels used at: 6 bar < Ps k 10 bar

Table G.2 — Service surveillance of vessels used at 6 bar < Ps k 10 bar
Maximum interval between 2 operations Operation Removal Method and
sanction
In a scheduled examination before 2 External visual inspection and No G.4
years and 8 weeksa drainage
24 years on the occasion of a revision Internal and external inspection No G.4 and G.5
a
This period may be extended to a maximum of 6 years if the vessel is protected against external attacks, for example if it is
installed in an enclosure or is an integral part of the apparatus.

In addition, the satisfactory performance of these vessels is ensured by an annual sampling examination
under the following conditions.
Table G.3 — Annual sampling examination
Population of vessels concerned Sample Removal Method and
sanction

Vessels of the same type, from whole 1 % rounded to the nearest whole Yes G.6 and G.7
vehicle fleet or from items they are number
fitted to, more than 20 years old
NOTE 1 Inspections are fairly regular periodic maintenance operations. They are essentially checks intended to ensure that the
main or critical components are always in a good operating condition.
NOTE 2 The purpose of it is to overhaul the various components, so that they operate satisfactorily until the next inspection.
Revisions are periodic maintenance operations at intervals greater than the inspection.
NOTE 3 The inspection and revision cycles are specific to each type of equipment.
G.4 External inspection
G.4.1 Cleaning
Vessels that are particularly dirty should be cleaned so as to permit examination of the walls under
acceptable conditions. Cleaning by air blast should be carried out until all dirt is completely removed. If a
cleaning agent is used, it should not be aggressive to aluminium alloys.
G.4.2 Examination of marking
If the marks specified in clause 7 are illegible, the vessel should be rejected.
If a data plate is deformed as a result of impact or oxidation, but the marks are still visible, it may be
replaced. Conformity to the original marking should be certified by the affixing of the expert’s stamp.
If a new plate is welded on to the vessel, the vessel should undergo a pressure test in accordance with 11.3.
G.4.3 Inspection of the walls
G.4.3.1 Deformation and irregularities
If the walls of the vessel show localized deformations or irregularities resulting mainly from impacts, the
vessel should be rejected if these deformations or irregularities exceed the tolerances given in G.4.3.1.1
and G.4.3.1.2.

36 © BSI 07-1999
 EN 286-4:1994

G.4.3.1.1 Dished ends

Deformations and irregularities should not:
a) have any sharp angles (radius less than half the knuckle radius);
b) be located on the welds or at a tangent to them;
c) be located more than 0,4Do from the centre of the end;
d) have a depth greater than 1/100 of the vessel diameter.
G.4.3.1.2 Shell wall
Deformation and irregularities should not:
a) connect with the surrounding surface with slopes greater than 25 % (14°) or with roundings or radius
less than half the knuckle radius;
b) be deeper than:
— 1/50 of the vessel diameter and width less than 4 times the depth;
— 1/25 of the vessel diameter for other cases.
G.4.3.2 Corrosion
The process of electrochemical corrosion of the walls of the vessels can only start as a result of a defect in
the electrical insulation of the fixing.
This type of corrosion always starts from the outside of the vessel.
The vessel should therefore be visually examined to check:
a) that the external surface of the vessel will be protected until the next scheduled inspection at the
intervals stated in G.2 and G.3 and if not, the protection should be re-applied;
b) for presence of corrosion. If any corrosion is of a depth equal to or greater than 1/10 of the wall
thickness, the vessel should be rejected.
If the vessel is not rejected, the surface protection and, if necessary, the electrical insulation of the
fastening described in G.4.4 should be re-applied.
G.4.3.3 Other cases leading to rejection of the vessel
If there is doubt about the seriousness of the defects listed above, or if the vessel has other discontinuities
which may adversely affect its strength, it should be rejected.
G.4.4 Inspection of the fixings
If it is observed that a strap is broken or cracked it should be replaced. Welded repairs are not permitted.
Check the value of the electrical insulation resistance between the straps and the vessels greater
than 700 k7. If not, replace the defective insulation.
Inspect for traces of corrosion on the vessel walls, particularly at the strap points, in accordance
with G.4.3.2.
G.5 Internal examination
Internal inspection of the vessel walls is carried out with suitable apparatus, such as an endoscope for
example.
If traces of corrosion are detected, their extent should be assessed. Any pitting of depth equal to or greater
than 1/10 of the wall thickness should lead to rejection of the vessel.
If there is doubt about the assessment of the depth of the corrosion, suitable apparatus for measuring the
wall thickness should be used, for example ultrasonic apparatus.
If the extent of the corrosion does not lead to rejection of the vessel but is located in an area corresponding
to an external area where traces of corrosion have already been detected, but without leading to rejection
of the vessel, this vessel should be rejected.
G.6 Detailed inspection and hydrostatic test
G.6.1 General
These operations should be carried out by competent approved personnel.
G.6.2 Detailed inspection
Detailed inspection of a vessel entails its removal. Before carrying out the various phases of the inspection,
the vessel should be examined to see if there are any defects which might lead to its rejection.

© BSI 07-1999 37
EN 286-4:1994

G.6.2.1 Preparation
Internal and external walls of the vessel should be exposed by careful cleaning, if necessary using chemical
cleaning agents which are not aggressive to aluminium alloys.
G.6.2.2 Internal and external inspection
The internal and external inspection of the walls should be carried out in accordance with the provisions
in G.4 and G.5 with the specified consequences.
In addition, if any crack, discontinuity in the weld seams or deterioration of the internal threads of the
inspection openings or pipe connection branches are detected, the vessel should be replaced.
G.6.3 Hydrostatic test
The vessel which has satisfactorily undergone the detailed inspection should then be subjected to a
hydrostatic test under the conditions described in 11.3 of this standard.
Once the vessel has successfully undergone the hydrostatic test, it should be stamped by the representative
of the approved inspection body, or by the accredited representative, who witnessed the test.
He affixes:
a) the date of the test (last 2 digits of the year);
b) his stamp.
G.6.4 Return to service
Vessels having successfully undergone the detailed inspection and hydrostatic test may be refitted to the
vehicle or device.
G.7 Analysis of the results of the annual sampling on 1 % of the population of a specific type of
vessel
Every 2 years, the results of the detailed inspections and hydrostatic tests which the vessels undergo and
which are covered by 1 % sampling and visual inspections should be analysed by a competent
administrative authority. Measures should be taken if the results of the 1 % sampling and internal
inspections show a significant trend.
G.8 Withdrawal of vehicles or devices to which the vessel is fitted
When a vehicle or device to which the vessel is fitted is withdrawn, the vessel should be discarded.
G.9 Special cases of vessels fitted to a series of vehicles being phased out, vehicles intended for
a museum, or vehicles kept in service for historical reasons
Vessels fitted to these vehicles may be maintained in service beyond 40 years subject to the following
provisions:
a) vessels removed after 40 years;
b) vessels then removed every 10 years thereafter;
in order to subject them to the operations described in G.6.
G.10 Rejection
Any vessel rejected during the surveillance operation or as a result of G.8 should be rendered unusable by
puncturing its walls to the right of the marking by means of a blow torch.
Marking stamped in the metal or on a plate welded to the wall of the vessel should be rendered illegible.
G.11 Filing of results of examination, inspection and tests
Results of examination, inspections and hydrostatic tests should be recorded in a maintenance register, or
by any means of storing and analysing them.
The results of analyses of sanctions following the detailed inspections and hydrostatic tests should be
recorded.
It should be possible to submit all the results on request at any time to the representative of the approved
body on intervention by the national administration.
G.12 Responsibilities
The service surveillance operations on the vessels should be carried out on the responsibility of the railway
companies and under the control of and under the conditions fixed by the competent administrative
authority.

38 © BSI 07-1999
 BS EN 286-4:1995

National annex NA (informative)

Committees responsible
The United Kingdom participation in the preparation of this European Standard was entrusted to
Technical Committee PVE/17 upon which the following bodies were represented:
Associated Offices Technical Committee
BEAMA Ltd.
British Compressed Air Society
British Railways Board
British Steel Industry
Department of Trade and Industry
[Mechanical Engineering and Manufacturing Technology Division (Mmt)]
Electricity Industry in United Kingdom
Health and Safety Executive
Independent Engineering Insurers’ Committee
Process Plant Association
Railway Industry Association of Great Britain
Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders Limited
Transmission and distribution Association (BEAMA Limited)

National annex NB (informative)

Cross-references
Publication referred to Corresponding British Standard
BS EN 287 Approval testing of welders for fusion welding
EN 287-2 Part 2 Aluminium and aluminium alloys
BS EN 288 Specification and approval of welding procedures for metallic materials
EN 288-1 Part 1: General rules for fusion welding
EN 288-2 Part 2: Welding procedure specification for arc welding
EN 288-4 Part 4: Welding procedure tests for arc welding of aluminium and its alloys
EN 10025 BS EN 10025 Hot rolled products of non-alloy structural steels. Technical delivery
conditions
EN 26520 BS EN 26520 Classification of imperfections in metallic fusion welds, with
explanations
ISO 228-1 BS 2779 Specification for pipe threads for tubes and fittings where pressure-tight
joints are not made on the threads (metric dimensions)
ISO 261 BS 3643 ISO metric screw threads
Part 1 Principles and basic data
ISO 4520 BS 6338 Specification for chromate conversion coatings on electroplated zinc and
cadmium coatings

© BSI 07-1999
BS EN
286-4:1995
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