Documenti di Didattica
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25-2, Jalan Pandan Prima 1, Dataran Prima, 55100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
(TL) +6016-2168129/2158129 (FX) +603-92026811 (EM) YJACKpiletest@hotmail.com
(W3) YJACKpiletest.com | BDpiletest.com (SN) Facebook.com/YJACKpiletest | YouTube.com
METHOD STATEMENT
(US ASTM/D1143, Singapore SS/CP4, Malaysia JKR/20800, UK FPS/Handbook)
BI-DIRECTIONAL (static)
BD PILE LOAD TEST
YJACK Pile Test on Bored Pile: Pile Size BP600mm, Working Load 2,827kN, Test Load 5,654kN
(This Method Statement is prepared for YJACK on Bored Pile. For YJACK on Driven Pile, please refer to other Method Statement.)
Project Name: Proposed Subdivision of Part PT.20-1040179 For 10 Storey Town &
Regional Planning Department at Jalan Tasik, Distric of Kota
Kinabalu, Sabah.
Main Contractor: Wijaya Daya Sdn Bhd
YJACK | World’s Patent. The bi-directional pile test for bored and driven piles.
Page | 1
Method Statement for Bi-Directional (balance) Pile Test Method using YJACK Type B 20170211
Pile Size BP1000mm, Working Load 2,827kN, Test Load 5,654kN)
1.0 INTRODUCTION
2.0 YJACK MODEL & ASSEMBLY LOCATION
3.0 YJACK FABRICATIONS & INSTALLATIONS
3.1 Fabrication on small piles
4.0 YJACK INSTRUMENTATIONS & PRESSURIZATIONS
5.0 YJACK TEST PROCEDURES & PLOTS
6.0 YJACK TEST REPORT
6.1 BD Test Curves
6.2 BD Analysis Curves
6.3 BD Acceptance Criteria
6.4 BD Friction Correction
6.5 BD Ultimate Load
7.0 WORK MATRIX
8.0 TECHNICAL CHIEF
ATTACHMENT A: Int’l Tech Paper 2013 – State-Of-The-Art of YJACK in Bi-Directional Pile Test (PILE2013 Indonesia)
ATTACHMENT B: Technical Chief CV: Wai Yee Kong
ATTACHMENT C: YJACK Installation on Bored Piles (YJACK Type B) and Driven Piles (YJACK Type C)
ATTACHMENT D: International Standards for Bi-Directional Pile Load Test
YJACK | World’s Patent. The best bi-directional pile test on bored and driven piles.
Page | 2
Method Statement for Bi-Directional (balance) Pile Test Method using YJACK Type B 20170211
Pile Size BP1000mm, Working Load 2,827kN, Test Load 5,654kN)
1.0 INTRODUCTION
YJACK Technology, associated companies, distributors and resellers are specialists to propose, supply, install,
test and analyze bi-directional pile test (single level or multi levels configurations) on the following pile types:
(1) Driven/injection close ended piles (+ H-piles), International World Patent
(2) Drive/injection open ended piles (+ offshore), International World Patent
(3) Cast in situ API-micro piles, and
(4) Cast in-situ bored piles
This Method Statement mainly focus on installation and testing on bi -directional (BD) pile test to be carried
out on cast in-situ bored pile, with pile diameter BP600mm to be tested to working load 2,827kN (WL) and
test load 5,654kN (= 2.0*WL).
The objectives of the tests are to obtain the design parameters for cast in-situ piles and test will be executed
as a single level bi-directional configuration.
The pile descriptions, YJACK model and capacity are summarized as follows:
Borehole No BH-1
Pile No PTP600
Pile Type Bored Pile
Pile Size (mm) Ø600
Piling Platform (m) 0.0 BGL
Cut-Off Level (m) 1.5 BGL (assumed)
YJACK Level (m) 60.0 BGL (assumed)
Toe Level (m) 65.0 BGL (assumed)
Work Load (kN) 2,827
Test Load (kN), 2.0*WL 5,654
YCELL Model 3GYJ3D400
YCELL Capacity (kN), in 1D 3,000
YCELL Capacity (kN), in BD 6,000
YCELL Quantity (NOS) 1
YJACK Capacity (kN), in BD 6,000 > 5,654
YCELL Stroke (mm) 80
BGL: below ground level
YCELL: the single hydraulic unit prior to fabricate the YJACK
YJACK | World’s Patent. The best bi-directional pile test on bored and driven piles.
Page | 3
Method Statement for Bi-Directional (balance) Pile Test Method using YJACK Type B 20170211
Pile Size BP1000mm, Working Load 2,827kN, Test Load 5,654kN)
There are many type of YJACK Model for different bored pile sizes and test loads. The selected model is
3GYJ3D400, in which:
3G: 3 rd generation design
YJ: YJACK trademark
3D: manufacturing model design
400: the diameter of the jack
Positioning of YJACK assembly is determined based on static analysis on soil data. This is used as the basis to
compute the expected skin friction and end-bearing capacities of the test pile.
The YJACK assembly location will ideally be located at the middle of total pile capacity (= skin friction + end
bearing). The main aim of positioning the assembly will be to “ balance” the bi-directional forces in the pile so
that failure in one direction does not occur prematurely. The de tailed location requirements will be based on
the pile design and the soil conditions.
It must be stressed that all calculations are based on empirical formulae which does not imply that they are
fail-proof but at the time represents the most prudent and accurate location based on available information
and knowledge.
YJACK | World’s Patent. The best bi-directional pile test on bored and driven piles.
Page | 4
Method Statement for Bi-Directional (balance) Pile Test Method using YJACK Type B 20170211
Pile Size BP1000mm, Working Load 2,827kN, Test Load 5,654kN)
Bored pile boring works will proceed under the piling contractor’s work plan. Upon reaching the final toe
elevation, the pile bottom will be cleaned for concrete placement.
The fabrication of the YJACK assembly will be carried out on site. The YJACK will be welded with the rebar
cage at the location as determined from YJACK balance point calculations .
The hydraulic supply, telltales, grouting pipes (optional to be used for post grouting at split zone; and to be
access tubes for ultra-sonic pile integrity testing) will be attached to the rebar cage. The rebar cage will be
fabricated in few pieces (depending on the pile length) and spliced together over the bored hole.
The orientation of the YCELLs (single hydraulic unit) and positions will be fixed on a flat ground and welded
together to become an YJACK (Step 1).
Once the YJACK is ready, the 12m rebar cage will put on top of the YJACK (perpendicular) and weld together
to fabricate as a single piece of JACK with the rebar cage (Step 2).
Subsequently, connect 12m rebar cage with the another top 12m rebar cage. The hydraulic supply hoses and
telltales will be attached out from YJACK connections.
The connections of the rebar cages shall compliance to the contractor’s method statement.
It should be noted that, the contractor at project site shall use their most appropriate method to assist the
YJACK installer to fabricate the YJACK onto the rebar cage. Precautions shall be taken in order not to damage
the hydraulic hoses, telltales and connections.
YJACK | World’s Patent. The best bi-directional pile test on bored and driven piles.
Page | 5
Method Statement for Bi-Directional (balance) Pile Test Method using YJACK Type B 20170211
Pile Size BP1000mm, Working Load 2,827kN, Test Load 5,654kN)
The first section of the reinforcing cage below the YJACK will be lowered into the bored hole and 1 st concrete
placement will commence with suitable tremie pipe to reach the pile toe and until reaches 1m above the
YJACK location.
Pre-bore the 1m soft concrete before harden within 2 hours and cleaning the base. Subsequently lower down
the upper rebar cage with YJACK fabricated to be seated onto the solid concrete surface. Next, the concrete
will be placed up to the designed level illustrated below.
YJACK | World’s Patent. The best bi-directional pile test on bored and driven piles.
Page | 6
Method Statement for Bi-Directional (balance) Pile Test Method using YJACK Type B 20170211
Pile Size BP1000mm, Working Load 2,827kN, Test Load 5,654kN)
Measurement of Displacements
For measurement of the displacement of the YJACK (top and bottom parts), telltales will be used. The end of telltales
will be connected to LVDTs (linear vertical displacement transducer) to measure displacements:
- Four (4) measurements on pile top displacement combined with physical measuring
- Four (1) measurements on YJACK up and displacements
- Four (1) measurements on YJACK down displacements
The following table is the general guideline for the quantit ies of the measurements to be used:
Reference Beams
- For pile top measurements, two (2) reference beams will be cross-connected and laid on supports, firmly embedded
in the ground
- For telltale measurements, one (1) reference beam will be laid on supports, firmly embedded in the ground.
- The supports shall be far enough as required in the specifications or ASTM/D1143.
Leveling Instrument
Relative displacements of the pile head, reference beam supports will be checked by leveling instrument with accuracy
0.01mm. Readings will be made on vertical scale fixed on the reading points with accuracy 0.1mm.
YJACK | World’s Patent. The best bi-directional pile test on bored and driven piles.
Page | 7
Method Statement for Bi-Directional (balance) Pile Test Method using YJACK Type B 20170211
Pile Size BP1000mm, Working Load 2,827kN, Test Load 5,654kN)
The BD pile test will be carried out when the bored pile is obtaining the required pile bearing capacity ( at
least 14-days after concreting) to be determined by engineer to sustain the maximum required test load.
The YJACK will be internally pressurized using a common hydraulic system, creating an upward force on the shaft in
upper friction and an equal, but downward force in lower shaft friction plus end bearing. As mentioned, the hydraulic
jack load is determined by relating the applied hydraulic pressure to load calibration. A high-range calibrated pressure
gauge will be used to read the pressure on the pump line with minimum 600Bar (or 60MPa).
The termination shall be subjected to Engineer’s instruction; or the load will be removed and testing finished once either
one of the following criteria occur:
i. A pre-determined test load has been achieved prior to reach ultimate capacity.
ii. The test pile reaches its ultimate capacity in either upward or downward direction exceeds the limit defined
by the Engineer.
iii. The smaller value of 5% of pile diameter or maximum travel of the YJACK (80mm) is reached.
iv. The ultimate YJACK capacity is reached.
Load-displacement readings will be recorded accordance to the load test procedure determined by the engineers, which
generally adopting maintained load test procedure with the sample plots shown below for (i) Load-Settlement, (ii) Load-
Time, and (iii) Settlement-Time.
YJACK | World’s Patent. The best bi-directional pile test on bored and driven piles.
Page | 8
Method Statement for Bi-Directional (balance) Pile Test Method using YJACK Type B 20170211
Pile Size BP1000mm, Working Load 2,827kN, Test Load 5,654kN)
Test report will be issued to the client with load-settlement Q~s curves upon completion of the test.
The test results are plotted as load versus displacement curves for the upward and downward displacements
independently as recommended by Singapore Standard SS/CP4 (2003), Figure 7.16(b):
The two (2) component curves as illustrated in Section 6.1 may then be utilized to construct an equivalent pile-top load
(Q) versus displacement curve (s) as recommended by Singapore Standard SS/CP4 (2003), Figure 7.16(c):
YJACK | World’s Patent. The best bi-directional pile test on bored and driven piles.
Page | 9
Method Statement for Bi-Directional (balance) Pile Test Method using YJACK Type B 20170211
Pile Size BP1000mm, Working Load 2,827kN, Test Load 5,654kN)
The Q-s curve from Section 6.2 will be utilized to compare with the acceptance criteria as defined by the Engineer.
In bi-directional testing, the hydraulic jack is pushing the pile top section in upward direction. In other words, the pile
top section is subjected to tension load behavior. In order to simulate the compressive load behavior, the following skin
friction correction factor, γ, at pile top section shall be taken in considerations as follows:
The test pile ultimate load, Qu = Qu(top)/γ + Qu(bottom) – W(weight of pile top section); must exceed the Q(test load).
YJACK | World’s Patent. The best bi-directional pile test on bored and driven piles.
Page | 10
Method Statement for Bi-Directional (balance) Pile Test Method using YJACK Type B 20170211
Pile Size BP1000mm, Working Load 2,827kN, Test Load 5,654kN)
YJACK | World’s Patent. The best bi-directional pile test on bored and driven piles.
Page | 11
Method Statement for Bi-Directional (balance) Pile Test Method using YJACK Type B 20170211
Pile Size BP1000mm, Working Load 2,827kN, Test Load 5,654kN)
Mr WAI, Yee Kong, 25 years in piling and testing industry since 1991 (Attachment A & B):
1991: Bachelor in Civil Engineering (Hons), UTM
1991: Research Officer in dynamic pile testing (hardware & software), UTM
1994: Pile Test Engineer in private firms
2000: USPTO Patent Holder for new dynamic pile test method (YLOAD Method)
2004: Certified Pile Test Engineer (Advance Level), Deep Foundation Institute/USA
2008: Key Trainer in dynamic pile testing (Asia Pacific Countries)
2014: MyIPO Malaysian Patent Pending for static pile load test method (YJACK)
2015: PCT World Patent Pending for static pile load test method (YJACK)
2015: Int’l Invention and Innovation Expo (ITEX15) Gold Medal for YJACK
2015: Int’l Construction Industry Council (CIC) Innovation Award 2015 for YJACK
2016: Int’l Global CleanTech Innovation Program (GCIP) Award 2016 for YJACK
2016: Appointed Advisory Panel Member for Construction Industry Competency Blueprint, CIDB Malaysia
Mr Wai is the Founder and Executive Vice President (Technical) of the company for all the technical cum operational
matters. He has 25 year experiences in static and dynamic pile testing, and became Certified Pile Test Engineer (Advance
Level) in 2004, accredited by Deep Foundations Institute, United States (DFI/USA).
He is the inventor and has the technical know-how of the YJACK. He leads a team of engineers and technicians in Asia
Pacific Countries in the productions and installations of the YJACK.
As an entrepreneur, Mr Wai had established good reputations and contacts with governments, clients, contractors and
counterparts in the industry. His technical expertise is beyond doubt in the pile testing industry. He is always the point
of reference for the consultants and engineers if any issue pertaining to the pile testing arises.
YJACK | World’s Patent. The best bi-directional pile test on bored and driven piles.
Page | 12
Method Statement for Bi-Directional (balance) Pile Test Method using YJACK 20170211
Test Pile BP600mm, Working Load 1,500kN, Test Load 3,750kN)
ANNEXURE
ANNEXURE O: YCELL Product Specification Sheet
YJACK | World Patent. The bi-directional pile test for bored and driven piles. Page | Annexure
YJACK Technology Sdn Bhd (1086910-H)
No 25-2, Jalan Pandan Prima 1, Dataran Pandan Prima, 55100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
(TL)+6016-2168129/2158129 (W3)www.YJACKpiletest.com (FB)Facebook.com/YJACKpiletest
Norminal Pressure
Tested Pressure
Outer Diameter
Nominal Force
Effective Area
Physical Area
YCELL Model
YCELL Series
Unit Weight
Wall Thick
Jack Height
D t H H1 w A Ae F p p1
mm mm mm mm kg mm2 mm2 kN MPa MPa
YCELL 300 3GYJ2D300 325 10 150 120 28 73,062 67,500 1,350 20.0 22.0
YCELL 300 3GYJ2D300s 325 10 150 120 28 73,062 67,500 1,650 24.4 26.9
YCELL 300 3GYJ3D300 325 10 150 120 28 73,062 67,500 2,000 29.6 32.6
YCELL 300 3GYJ4D300 325 10 150 120 28 73,062 67,500 2,800 41.5 45.6
YCELL 400 3GYJ2D400 425 14 150 120 46 123,786 117,500 2,350 20.0 22.0
YCELL 400 3GYJ2D400s 425 14 150 120 46 123,786 117,500 2,600 22.1 24.3
YCELL 400 3GYJ3D400 425 14 150 120 46 123,786 117,500 3,000 25.5 28.1
YCELL 400 3GYJ4D400 425 14 150 120 46 123,786 117,500 3,800 32.3 35.6
YCELL 500 3GYJ2D500 500 25 150 120 88 159,044 145,500 3,100 21.3 23.4
YCELL 500 3GYJ2D500s 500 25 150 120 88 159,044 145,500 4,050 27.8 30.6
YCELL 500 3GYJ3D500 500 25 150 120 88 159,044 145,500 4,950 34.0 37.4
YCELL 500 3GYJ4D500 500 25 150 120 88 159,044 145,500 5,800 39.9 43.8
ANNEXURE
ANNEXURE A: YJACK Balance Point Calculation Sheet
YJACK | World Patent. The bi-directional pile test for bored and driven piles. Page | Annexure
.
.
................................The balance point (or level) shall be computed based on soil investigation bore holes results.
.
.
.
...............................................................Pile Top Section Skin Friction F(top)
.
.
.............Balance Point Level
.........
..
...............................................................Pile Bottom Section Skin Friction F(bottom)
..
...............................................................End Bearing at Pile Base E(base)
.
........................... ......................Balance Point Equation: F(top) = F(bottom + E(base)
ANNEXURE
ANNEXURE B: YJACK Fabrication Schematic Drawing Sheet
YJACK | World Patent. The bi-directional pile test for bored and driven piles. Page | Annexure
MAIN BAR
(refer to Engineer Drawing)
YJ3D400
Ø425mm 4*NOS YJ3D400
F(BD)= 6,000kN
(Test Load = 5,654kN)
Ø600
PLAN VIEW
MAIN BAR
(refer to Engineer Drawing)
150
15151515
ELEVATION VIEW
YJACK Test Pile BP Ø600; Working Load = 2,827kN; Test Load = 5,654kN
Project Name: Proposed Subdivision For 10 Storey Town & Regional Planning Department at Jalan Tasik, Distric of Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
Project ID: YJMY-KK-SABAH
YJACK TECHNOLOGY SDN BHD
www.YJACKpiletest.com
YJACK TYPE B
Drawing ID: YJMY-20170211-DW-01-R0
FaceBook.com/YJACKpiletest
YJACK FABRICATION SCHEMATIC
YouTube.com/YJACKpiletest
(NOT TO SCALE) Issued Date: 2017.02.11
Method Statement for Bi-Directional (balance) Pile Test Method using YJACK 20170211
Test Pile BP600mm, Working Load 1,500kN, Test Load 3,750kN)
ANNEXURE
ANNEXURE C: YJACK Instrumentation Schematic Drawing Sheet
YJACK | World Patent. The bi-directional pile test for bored and driven piles. Page | Annexure
Reference Beams for Telltales Displacements (up/down)
T1 T3 T1
HP DL
[PILING PLATFORM]
SOCKETED LENGTH X
SPLIT ZONE
SOCKETED LENGTH Y
YJACK Test Pile BP Ø600; Working Load = 2,827kN; Test Load = 5,654kN
Project Name: Proposed Subdivision For 10 Storey Town & Regional Planning Department at Jalan Tasik, Distric of Kota Kinabalu, Sabah.
Project ID: YJMY-KK-SABAH
YJACK TECHNOLOGY SDN BHD
www.YJACKpiletest.com
YJACK TYPE B
Drawing ID: YJMY-20170211-DW-02-R0
FaceBook.com/YJACKpiletest
YJACK INSTRUMENTATION SCHEMATIC
YouTube.com/YJACKpiletest
(NOT TO SCALE) Issued Date: 2017.02.11
Method Statement for Bi-Directional (balance) Pile Test Method using YJACK 20170211
Test Pile BP600mm, Working Load 1,500kN, Test Load 3,750kN)
ANNEXURE
ANNEXURE D: YJACK Instrumentation Calibration Certificates
YJACK | World Patent. The bi-directional pile test for bored and driven piles. Page | Annexure
Method Statement for Bi-Directional (balance) Pile Test Method using YJACK 20170211
Test Pile BP600mm, Working Load 1,500kN, Test Load 3,750kN)
ANNEXURE
ANNEXURE E: YJACK Pile Test Loading Schedule Table
YJACK | World Patent. The bi-directional pile test for bored and driven piles. Page | Annexure
YJACK Technology Sdn Bhd (1086910-H) Loading Schedule
25-2, Jalan Pandan Prima 1, Dataran Pandan Prima, 55100 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
(W)www.YJACKpiletest.com
Bi-Directional Pile Load Test (BDPLT), Reaction System: YJACK System, Test Procedure: Maintained Load Test (MLT)
Loading Schedule Table Sheet for Pile Size BP1000; Working Load 9,360kN, Test Load 23,400kN
ATTACHMENT
ATTACHMENT A: Technical Chief CV: Wai Yee Kong
YJACK | World Patent. The bi-directional pile test for bored and driven piles. Page | Annexure
Wai Yee Kong,
Resume, October 2016
EDUCATION
Bachelor in Civil Engineering (Hons), 1991
TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF MALAYSIA
(UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MALAYSIA, UTM)
SUMMARY
Mr WAI, Yee Kong (male), 25 years in piling and testing industry since 1991:
1991: Bachelor in Civil Engineering (Hons), UTM
1991: Research Officer in dynamic pile testing (hardware & software), UTM
1994: Pile Test Engineer in private firms
2000: USPTO Patent Holder for new dynamic pile test method (YLOAD Method)
2004: Certified Pile Test Engineer (Advance Level), Deep Foundation Institute/USA
2008: Key Trainer in dynamic pile testing (Asia Pacific Countries)
2014: MyIPO Malaysian Patent for static pile load test method (YJACK)
2015: PCT World Patent for static pile load test method (YJACK)
2015: Int’l Invention and Innovation Expo (ITEX15) Gold Medal for YJACK
2015: Int’l Construction Industry Council (CIC) Innovation Award 2015 for YJACK
2016: Int’l Global CleanTech Innovation Program (GCIP) Award 2016 for YJACK
2016: Appointed Advisory Panel Member for Construction Industry Competency Blueprint
Mr Wai is the Founder and Executive Vice President (Technical) of the company for all the
technical cum operational matters. He has 25 years experiences in static and dynamic pile
testing, and became Certified Pile Test Engineer (Advance Level) in 2004, accredited by
Deep Foundations Institute, United States (DFI/USA).
He is the inventor and has the technical know-how of the YJACK. He leads a team of
engineers and technicians in Asia Pacific in the installations and testing of the YJACK.
As an entrepreneur, Mr Wai had established good reputations and contacts with governments,
clients, contractors and counterparts in the industry. His technical expertise is beyond
doubt in the pile testing industry. He is always the point of reference for the consultants
and engineers if any issue pertaining to the pile testing arises.
With the recognitions as the pile testing specialist, Mr Wai has been appointed as an
Advisory Panel Member for Construction Industry Competency Blueprint (CICB) of
Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB), Malaysia.
PROFILE
Pile Test Specialist (Static, Dynamic, Bi-Directioncal, Imaging)
Certified Pile Tester (US/DFI Advance Level Certified, 2004)
USPTO US Patent Holder (YLOAD Dynamic Pile Test Method, 2000)
PCT World Patent Holder (YJACK Static Pile Test Method, 2014)
ADVISOR
Traswaja Pile Testing Sdn Bhd, West Malaysia (pile design and testing, since 2008)
Geospec PileTech Sdn Bhd, East Malaysia (pile design and testing, since 2002)
Geotech Enginering Sdn Bhd, South Malaysia (pile design and testing, since 2006)
GGK Pile Testing PT, Jakarta (pile design and testing, since 2005)
Infratech ASTM Co Ltd, Bangkok (pile design and testing, since 2012)
Intell-Equipment Designer, Beijing (bi-directional pile test method, since 2014)
Bakat Geotechnique Pte Ltd, Singapore (pile design and testing, since 2015)
Bakat Geo Teknik PT, Jakarta (pile design and testing, since 2016)
Nattest Lab Sdn Bhd, South Malaysia (pile design and testing, since 2016)
CAREER
YJACK PROFESSIONAL GROUP
2014/02 - Present
Founder, Vice President (Technical)
technical support for YJACK bi-directional pile test on bored and driven piles
product development on autoYJACK bi-directional pile test on offshore piles
international marketing to South East Asia and Asia Pacific countries
TRAINING
Since 2008 Bi-Directional Pile Test using various types of hydraulic jack systems
TECHNOLOGY: piston jack, capsule jack, flat jack, for bored & driven piles
Since 2007 Key Trainer in Int’l Pile Dynamics Workshop and Proficiency Tests, Wuhan
INSTITUTE OF ROCK AND SOIL MECHANICS (IRSM), WUHAN, CHINA
Since 2007 Key Trainer in Int’l Pile Dynamics Workshop and Proficiency Tests, Bandung
GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING CENTER, UNPAR UNIVERSITY, BANDUNG, INDONESIA
Since 2002 Dynamic Pile Testing using various types of testing instruments
TRADEMARKS: PDI, TNO, SIMBAT, RSM, MCT, GEOSTAR, ROCKSEA, CSCEC, Y-LINK
2015/05 Project Partner, Performance Test Program (PTP) for YJACK Pile Test Method
GEOTECHNICAL DEPARTMENT, PUBLIC WORKS DEPARTMENT MALAYSIA (aka JKR)
2014/10 Project Leader, Technical Opinion Program (TOP) for YJACK Pile Test Method
CONSTRUCTION RESEARCH INSTITUTE MALAYSIA (CREAM)
2013/01 Training on Soil Profiling (SP) for Pile Borehole using Radar Technology
INSTITUTE OF RADIO-WAVE PROPAGATION (RADAR), QINGDAO, CHINA
2012/10 Training on Bi-Directional (BD) Pile Bearing Testing using New Technology
TRADEMARK: YJACK FOR BD TEST METHOD, BEIJING, CHINA
2008/11 Certified HS/PDA Engineer (Expert Level); Institute of Rock & Soil Mechanics
INT’L PILE DYNAMICS WORKSHOP, EXAMINATIONS AND PROFICIENCY TESTS, WUHAN
2006/09 Impact Load Theory – Compatibility Study Compared to Hiley and Case Methods
6TH ASIA PACIFIC STRUCTURAL ENG. & CONST. CONFERENCE (APSEC 2006), MALAYSIA
2005/08 Pile Design & Problems, Wave Equation Analysis and Dynamic Pile Testing
PUBLIC WORK DEPARTMENT (JKR), CORPORATE SECTION, MALAYSIA
2004/08 Certified HS/PDA Engineer (Advanced Level); Deep Foundation Institute, USA
STRESS WAVE CONFERENCE 2004, KUALA LUMPUR, MALAYSIA
1995/06 ISO/IEC Guide 25 & ISO 9000 Quality Manual Writing Course
STANDARDS AND INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF MALAYSIA (SIRIM), MALAYSIA
PUBLICATIONS
2015/06 YJACK, An Industry Building System (IBS) To Be Applied On Static Pile Test
IBS Digest Bulletin, Malaysia, Issue 2015/Jun (Wai YK)
2015/02 Method and Apparatus for Bi-Directional Pile Test on Driven & Injection Piles
PCT International Patent Application (Wai YK)
2014/02 Method and Apparatus for Bi-Directional Pile Test on Driven & Injection Piles
MyIPO Malaysian Patent Application (Wai YK)
2010/11 Development of Pile-Soil Modeling in High Strain Wave Analysis Program, HSWAP
In-House Publication
2006/09 Impact Load Theory – A New Theory and Its Compatibility Study Compared to Hiley
and Case Methods
Published to 6th Asia Pacific Structural Engineering & Construction Conference
2006 (APSEC), Malaysia (Wai YK)
2006/04 Piling Handbook for Design and Construction of Driven Pile Foundations
Edition 2006, Malaysia
2004/08 Impact Load Theory – A New Theory and Its Compatibility Study Compared to
Impulse-Momentum Theory and Wave Mechanics Theory in Pile Driving (unpublised)
Submitted to 7th International Conference On The Application Of Stress Wave
Theory To Piles, Malaysia (Wai YK)
2003/03 Impact Load Theory - New Testing Method in New Millennium on Driven Piles
Published to Shock & Impact Loads in Structures, 5th Asia Pacific Conference,
Changsha, China, November 2003 (Wai YK, Md Nuri Salimin)
2003/03 New Breakthrough in the History of Pile Driving and Testing Industry on
Driven Piles
Published to National Seminar, Exposition and Corporate Talk on Civil
Engineering (NASEC), Technology University of Malaysia (UTM), Kuala Lumpur,
May 2003 (Wai YK, Md Nuri Salimin)
2000/05 Method and Apparatus for Estimating Pile Load Bearing Capacities
USA/USPTO Patent Application (Granted 2002)
1998/11 Literature Study: Reliability of Dynamic Formula (Hiley) and the Solutions
In-house Publication
End of Resume
ATTACHMENT
ATTACHMENT B: Int’l Tech Paper 2013 – State-Of-The-Art of YJACK in Bi-Directional Pile Test (PILE2013)
YJACK | World Patent. The bi-directional pile test for bored and driven piles. Page | Annexure
_______________________________________________________
ABSTRACT: The innovative pile testing that is categorized as a bi-directional test method (BD) obtained worldwide
popularity for very large pile load design. For pile load design exceeded test load of 30,000kN, BD is a practical and an
economical type of static load test method (SL). Presently, the most popular BD technology is using O-cell which was
introduced by Prof Osterberg in 1989. O-cell or mechanically called as O-Jack is a piston type hydraulic jack which is
embedded in the test pile for static load test. Load is applied bi-directionally from the jack to simulate static load test
using the top load method. In year 2007, Y-Jack is an innovative jack specially designed for BD static load test. It is
invented and named by Engineer Yu. Technically, Y-Jack is conceptually different in design compared to O-Jack with
more advantages. Functionality, both jacks are the same, i.e. to conduct BD pile test. The type of Y-Jack is a capsule
hydraulic jack, instead of piston hydraulic jack. This technical paper will introduce Y-Jack technology and its
installations and some comparisons to O-Jack.
Keywords: pile test, load test, pile load test, hydraulic jack, piston jack, capsule jack, static pile test, dynamic pile test
THE PILING AND TESTING DEVELOPMENT method is almost impossible due to technical constraints
and economical considerations.
Pile foundation has been widely used worldwide In order to solve pile testing problem on large cast in-
since thousands years ago. In convention, piling is a situ piles, a new technology was introduced in three (3)
terminology used in pile foundation for piles installed by decades ago by installing a hydraulic jack embedded in
pile driving hammers. Since last century, piling included the pile to conduct the pile load test. This new test
cast in-situ and injection piles. method is named as bi-directional pile load test (BD).
For driven piles installed by pile driving hammers, Table 1 is a glance on piling and testing methods.
the piling industry already gone through four (4) major
development (Wai, 2003), i.e.:-. Table 1. A Glance on Piling and Testing Methods
- Development 1: pile as rigid body Piling and Testing Methods vs. Test Load
- Development 2: impulse-momentum theory (1930s) SL+HS
- Development 3: wave mechanics theory (1960s) driven
- Development 4: impact load theory (2000s) SL+HS HS
For cast in-situ piles such as bored piles and caissons, driven (steel/offshore)
the trend of pile design became bigger and higher load SL+HS BD
since three (3) decades ago with following pile design bored piles
classifications:- SL+HS BD
- Small piles: test load less than 30,000kN caisson
- Large piles: test load more than 30,000kN 10,000 20,000 30,000 40,000 kN
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e
c _______________________________________________________
h
a Proceedings of International Conference Pile 2013, June 2-4 2013
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i WHAT IS BD PILE TEST results and the simulated SL test results will be
s illustrated in Figure 3(A) and 3(B).
m
A sacrificial and embedded hydraulic jack is cast
2 within the pile body.
o Upon application of load, the pile is separated into
i two sections and load is applied to both sections
l simultaneously and reacting against each other in two
directions; upward against upper skin friction and
f downward against base end bearing and lower skin
u
friction as illustrated in Figure 1.
l
l
y pile top
section
o
c upper
c skin friction
u
p
Figure 3(A). BD Load-Displacement Plot
y
embedded (Singapore Standard CP4: 2003)
t BD-jack
h
e pile bottom lower
section skin friction
b
l base
a end bearing
d
d Figure 1. BD Loading Mechanism
e Figure 3(B). Simulated SL Load-Displacement Plot
r (Singapore Standard CP4: 2003)
Practically, the BD pile test does not require reaction
beams, anchor piles or Kendledge during load applying.
However, technically BD is equivalent to SL test method.
THE HISTORY OF BD PILE TEST
In other words, BD simulates the SL results.
The BD is the test method used to conduct SL pile
load test. The hydraulic jack embedded in the pile to
conduct BD test is called as BD-jack.
Since the introduction of BD pile test in three (3)
decades ago, there are three (3) types of BD-jack:-
(1) Tomer Method (www.tomer-systems.com)
This is patented technology in Europe in the year
1978. However, this method is less popular
worldwide.
(2) Osterberg Method, O-Jack (Osterberg 1989)
This is patented technology in the USA in the
year 1989. Since then, it becomes worldwide
popularity. It is using friction sealing
Figure 2. Analogy of SL to be BD Test
components such as commonly used in
hydraulic jack.
With the analogy, as illustrated in Figure 2, if the SL
(3) Yu Method, Y-Jack (Yu 2007)
reaction system (either Kentledge or anchor piles)
This is patented technology in China in the year
covered by soil and apply loading, the system becomes
2007. Since then, it has become very popular in
bi-directional (BD). The hydraulic jack in SL test
China due to many advantages and cost
becomes BD-jack.
effective. It is using flexible capsule for sealing
The load applying on BD is exactly same as SL test
with a mechanism similar to basketball bladder.
method with designated loading steps. The BD test
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Mechanism 1
pump oil into the concrete at pile
Figure 4. Y-Jack Cross-Section Details bladder body is intact
Mechanism 2
THE Y-JACK LOADING MECHANISM oil fully occupy concrete will split
the bladder at split zone
Y-Jack is designed to load low pressure (20-30MPa)
onto pile body to ensure the pressure applied on the pile
is less than the pile structural capacity. Mechanism 3
In practice, many piles were designed as a high high oil pressure pile body split to
open up the shells sections
concrete material, but the pile actual strength usually
does not meet the designed value due to the complex
positions of the BD-jack and low flow-ability of Figure 6. Y-Jack Loading Mechanism
sediments. Therefore, the safe loading is essential in BD
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after loading
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THE DIFFERENT OF Y-JACK AND O-JACK - Pile Type: cast in-situ bored pile
- Pile Length: 54.0m
Technically, Y-Jack is conceptually different in - Pile Diameter: 1200mm
design compared to O-Jack with more advantages. - BD Location: 35m from top
Functionally, both jacks are the same, i.e. to conduct BD - Working Load: 8,000kN (800T)
pile test. - Test Load (ult.): 16,000kN (1,600T)
The Y-Jack and O-Jack have three (3) major - Factor of Safety: 2.0
differences:-
(1) Mechanical Design Y-Jacks are produced in standardized mass
production. Table 2 is the sample specification table of
Y-Jack.
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CONCLUSION
REFERENCES
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Method Statement for Bi-Directional (balance) Pile Test Method using YJACK 20170211
Test Pile BP600mm, Working Load 1,500kN, Test Load 3,750kN)
ATTACHMENT
ATTACHMENT C: YJACK Installation on Bored Piles (YJACK Type B) and Driven Piles (YJACK Type C)
YJACK | World Patent. The bi-directional pile test for bored and driven piles. Page | Annexure
Method Statement for Bi-Directional (balance) Pile Test Method using YJACK 20170211
Test Pile BP600mm, Working Load 1,500kN, Test Load 3,750kN)
ATTACHMENT
ATTACHMENT D: International Standards for Bi-Directional Pile Load Test
YJACK | World Patent. The bi-directional pile test for bored and driven piles. Page | Annexure