lee (dl28863) – homework 08a – turner – (90130) 1

This print-out should have 12 questions. λ

9. E = correct
Multiple-choice questions may continue on 2 π ǫ0 r1
the next column or page – find all choices λ
before answering. 10. E = √
2 π ǫ0 r1
Explanation:
001 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points
Pick a cylindrical Gaussian surface with the
A long coaxial cable consists of an inner cylin-
radius r1 and apply Gauss’s law; then
drical conductor with radius R1 and an outer
cylindrical conductor shell with inner radius Q
E · ℓ · 2 π r1 =
R2 and outer radius R3 as shown. The ca- ǫ0
ble extends out perpendicular to the plane λ
shown. The charge on the inner conductor E= .
2 π ǫ0 r1
per unit length along the cable is λ and the
corresponding charge on the outer conductor 002 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points
per unit length is −λ (same in magnitude but Find the capacitance of the cable for a 100 m
with opposite signs) and λ > 0. length of coaxial cable with radii 0.654305 mm
and 2.04274 mm . The permittivity of a vac-
−Q uum is 8.8542 × 10−12 C2 /N · m2 .
R2
Correct answer: 4.88659 nF.
b R3 Explanation:
Q
R1
Let : ℓ = 100 m ,
R1 = 0.654305 mm , and
R2 = 2.04274 mm .
Find the magnitude of the electric field at We calculate the potential across the ca-
the point a distance r1 from the axis of the pacitor by integrating −E · ds. We may
inner conductor, where R1 < r1 < R2 . choose a path of integration along a radius;
i.e., −E · ds = −Edr.
λ R1
1. E =
4 π ǫ0 r1 2 1 q R1 dr
Z
V =−
λ2 R1 2 π ǫ0 ℓ R2 r
2. E = R1
4 π ǫ0 r1 2 1 q  q R2
2λ =− ln r  = ln .
3. E = √ 2 π ǫ0 ℓ R2 2 π ǫ0 ℓ R1
3 π ǫ0 r1 q
λ Since C = , the capacitance is
4. E = V
2 π ǫ0 R1
2 π ǫ0 ℓ
λ C=  
5. E = √ R2
3 π ǫ0 r1 ln
λ R1 R1
6. E = 2 π (8.8542 × 10−12 C2 /N · m2 )
3 π ǫ0 r1 2 =  
2.04274 mm
7. None of these ln
0.654305 mm
8. E = 0 109 nF
× (100 m)
1F
= 4.88659 nF .
 lee (dl28863) – homework 08a – turner – (90130) 2
since Vb is grounded. The charge on the
003 10.0 points inside of the shell doesn’t affect the grounded
Given a spherical capacitor with radius of the potential. The capacitance of this spherical
inner conducting sphere a and the outer shell capacitor is
b. The outer shell is grounded. The charge
on the inner conducting sphere is +Q and the
net charge on the outer shell is −Q.
Q Q 1
C= =  =  .
∆V 1 1 1 1
ke Q − ke −
a b a b
−Q
+Q
a
A B
004 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points
Consider the circuit
b 2 µF
3 µF
c
a b
What is the capacitance of this spherical
capacitor? 5 µF
4 µF
1 100 V
1. C =
ke (a − b)
b−a
2. C =  
b What is the equivalent capacitance for this
2 ke ln
a network?
1
3. C =
ke (a + b) 1. Cequivalent = 7 µF correct
a
4. C = 10
ke 2. Cequivalent = µF
b 7
5. C =
ke 3. Cequivalent = 14 µF
ke
6. C = 3
a 4. Cequivalent = µF
2
ke
7. C = 7
b 5. Cequivalent = µF
3
b2
8. C =
4 ke ( b − a) Explanation:
a+b
9. C =
ke
1
10. C =   correct
1 1
ke − Let : C1 = 2 µF ,
a b
C2 = 4 µF ,
Explanation:
C3 = 3 µF ,
C4 = 5 µF , and
 
1 1
∆V = Va − Vb = ke Q − −0
a b EB = 100 V .
 lee (dl28863) – homework 08a – turner – (90130) 3

C1 A capacitor network with air-filled capacitors

C3 as shown below.
c 84.8 µF 84.8 µF
a b c
C4
C2 a b
84.8 µF 84.8 µF
EB
97.4 V
d
C1 and C2 are connected in parallel, so
C12 = C1 + C2 = 6 µF . When the top right-hand capacitor is filled
with a material of dielectric constant κ, the
C12 and C3 are connected in series, so charge on this capacitor is increases by a fac-
1 1 1 C3 + C12 tor of 1.21.
= + = Find the dielectric constant κ of the mate-
C123 C12 C3 C12 C3
rial inserted into the top right-hand capacitor.
C12 C3 (6 µF) (3 µF)
C123 = = = 2 µF .
C3 + C12 6 µF + 3 µF Correct answer: 1.53165.
C123 and C4 are connected in parallel, so Explanation:
C = C4 + C123 = 7 µF .
Let : C1 = C = 84.8 µF ,
005 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points C2 = C = 84.8 µF ,
What is the charge stored in the 5-µF lower- C3 = C = 84.8 µF ,
right capacitor? C4 = C = 84.8 µF ,
1. Q1 = 1, 800 µC EB = 97.4 V , and
Q′ = 1.5 Q .
2. Q1 = 710 µC
C1 C2
3. Q1 = 1, 100 µC c

4. Q1 = 360 µC a b
C3 C4
5. Q1 = 500 µC correct EB
Explanation: d

Let : C4 = 5 µF and The capacitors C3 and C4 have nothing to

EB = 100 V . do with this problems. In addition, the capac-
itances are all equal and their specific values
The charge stored in a capacitor is given by
are immaterial. Furthermore, the electric po-
Q = C V , so
tential of the battery is not required.
Q4 = C4 V = (5 µF) (100 V) = 500 µC . C1 = C2 = C3 = C4 , where Q and Q′
are the initial and final charges on C2 and
Q′
≡ α=ratio of final to initial charge on C2 .
006 10.0 points Q
 lee (dl28863) – homework 08a – turner – (90130) 4
c 57.
We know the charges on C1 and C2 are the
9 µF 6µ
same. Initially, 27. F

44.9 µF
a b
Vab = V1 + V2
Q Q
= + 91 V 6 µF
C1 C2 d 77.
Q Q
= +
C C Find the capacitance between points a and
Q b of the entire capacitor network.
=2 . (1)
C
Correct answer: 109.757 µF.
Therefore
1
Q= Vab C . Explanation:
2
After the dielectric material is inserted in C2 ,
the capacitance becomes C2′ = κ C. There-
fore, Let : C1 = 27.9 µF ,
C2 = 44.9 µF ,
Vab = V1′ + V2′ C3 = 57.6 µF ,
Q′ Q′ C4 = 77.6 µF , and
= + ′
C1 C2
EB = 91 V .
Q′ Q′
= +
C κC
c
κ + 1 Q′ C1 C3
= ,
κ C
a b
′ C2
and using Eq. (1) and solving for Q , we have

2Q κ + 1 Q′ EB C4
= d
C κ C
′ κ
Q = Vab C A good rule of thumb is to eliminate junc-
κ+1
κ tions connected by zero capacitance.
= 2Q C1
κ+1
Q′ 2κ C3
≡α= = 1.21 . c
Q κ+1 a b
d C4
Solving for κ, we have C2

α 1.21
κ= = = 1.53165 . Q
2−α 2 − 1.21 The definition of capacitance is C ≡ .
V
The parallel connection of C1 and C2 gives
the equivalent capacitance
keywords:
C12 = C1 + C2
007 (part 1 of 4) 10.0 points
Four capacitors are connected as shown in the = 27.9 µF + 44.9 µF
figure. = 72.8 µF .
 lee (dl28863) – homework 08a – turner – (90130) 5

C12 C3
Correct answer: 2926.29 µC.
a b Explanation:
C4
The voltages across C12 and C3 , respec-
tively, (the voltage between a and b) is
The series connection of C12 and C3 gives
the equivalent capacitance Vab = V12 + V3
 
1 1
1 =Q +
C123 = C12 C3
1 1
+ Q
C12 C3 = .
C123
C12 C3
=
C12 + C3 where Q = Q12 = Q3 is the charge on either
(72.8 µF) (57.6 µF) capacitor C12 or C3 . Hence, the charge on C3
=
72.8 µF + 57.6 µF is
= 32.1571 µF . Vab
Q3 =
C123 1 + 1
C12 C3
= Vab C123
a b
C4 = (91 V) (32.1571 µF)
= 2926.29 µC .
The parallel connection of C123 and C4 gives
the equivalent capacitance
009 (part 3 of 4) 10.0 points
Cab = C123 + C4 A dielectric with dielectric constant 2.54 is
= 32.1571 µF + 77.6 µF inserted into the 77.6 µF capacitor on the
lower-right while the battery is connected.
= 109.757 µF , What is the charge on the 57.6 µF upper-
right capacitor?
or combining the above steps, the equivalent
capacitance is Correct answer: 2926.29 µC.
(C1 + C2 ) C3 Explanation:
Cab = + C4
C1 + C2 + C3
(27.9 µF + 44.9 µF) (57.6 µF) Let : κ = 2.54 .
=
27.9 µF + 44.9 µF + 57.6 µF
As in part 2, the charge on C3 is given by
+ 77.6 µF
the product of C123 times the voltage Vab .
= 109.757 µF . Because the dielectric is inserted into C4 ,
the equivalent capacitance C123 is unchanged.
Cab Because the dielectric was inserted while the
a b battery was still connected, Vab is also un-
EB changed. Thus the charge on C3 is given
by,

Q3 = Vab C123
008 (part 2 of 4) 10.0 points = (91 V) (32.1571 µF)
What is the charge on the upper-right 57.6 µF
capacitor? = 2926.29 µC .
 lee (dl28863) – homework 08a – turner – (90130) 6
The new charge on C3 is given by the new
010 (part 4 of 4) 10.0 points voltage between a and b and the equivalent
If the battery is removed before the dielec- capacitance C123 . Because C12 is in series
tric in the above question is inserted, what with C3 , the charges on C3 and C12 are equal
will be the charge on the 57.6 µF upper-right amd given by the product of their equivalent
′
capacitor? series capacitance times the voltage Vab .

Correct answer: 1400.94 µC.

Q′3 = Vab
′
C123
Explanation:
Cab
After the battery is removed, as the di- = Vab ′ C123
electric is inserted into C3 , there will be a Cab
redistribution of charge, but the total charge 109.757 µF
= (91 V) (32.1571 µF)
is unchanged. 229.261 µF
The primed quantities correspond to those = 1400.94 µC .
after the insertion of the dielectric. Before the
battery was disconnected,

Qab = Vab Cab

  011 (part 1 of 2) 10.0 points
(C1 + C2 ) C3 A spherical capacitor consists of two concen-
= Vab + C4 .
C1 + C2 + C3 tric conducting shells. The inner shell is very
thin and has a radius a. There is a charge Q
from Part 1. After the battery was discon-
placed on this shell. The outer shell is thicker,
nected and the dielectric inserted,
with inner radius b and outer radius c. This
′ Qab outer shell is grounded.
Vab = ′ .
Cab
The equivalent capacitance of the capacitor b
C4 is now c a Q
C4′ = κ C4
= (2.54) (77.6 µF)
= 197.104 µF ,
′
so the new total equivalent capacitance Cab is

′ (C1 + C2 ) C3
Cab = + κ C4 Determine the surface charge density on the
C1 + C2 + C3
inner surface of the outer shell.
(27.9 µF + 44.9 µF) (57.6 µF)
=
27.9 µF + 44.9 µF + 57.6 µF Q
1. σ =
+ (2.54) (77.6 µF) 4 π b2
= 229.261 µF . Q
2. σ =− 2
′ b
The new voltage V between a and b is there- Q
fore 3. σ =− 2
πb
′ Qab Q
Vab = ′ 4. σ =−
Cab 4 π ǫ0 c2
C Q
= Vab ab′ . 5. σ =−
Cab 4 π ǫ0 a2
 lee (dl28863) – homework 08a – turner – (90130) 7

6. σ = 0 V1 a κ
10. V2 =
b
Q Explanation:
7. σ = − correct
4 π b2 When the dielectric is present, the electric
Q 1
8. σ = − field is reduced by a factor , so the potential
4 π ǫ0 b2 κ
V1
Q is reduced by the same factor V2 = .
9. σ = − κ
4 π a2
Q
10. σ =
π b2
Explanation:
Since there is no electric field inside the
outer conducting shell, the charge on its inner
surface is equal in magnitude but with oppo-
site sign to the charge Q in the inner shell.
The surface charge density is
−Q
σ= .
4 π b2

012 (part 2 of 2) 10.0 points

Now fill the space between the inner and outer
shells with a material having a dielectric con-
stant κ, while keeping the charge on the inner
shell fixed at Q.
What is V2 , the potential on the inner shell
in the presence of the dielectric, in terms of V1 ,
the potential in the absence of the dielectric?

1. V2 = V1 κ
V1 a
2. V2 =
κc
V1 b
3. V2 =
κc
V1 a κ
4. V2 =
c
5. V2 = V1
V1 b κ
6. V2 =
a
V1 a
7. V2 =
κb
V1 b
8. V2 =
κa
V1
9. V2 = correct
κ