‘Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 : CIA-RDP80-00809A000600350215-4 = 50X1-HUM cussiomTON comrcamat OMFBEN Ty CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY EPORT INFORMATION FROM. FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS CD NO. country user pare oF INFORMATION 3950 SUBJECT Selentifie - Awtronony, stellar associations How DATE bist. oce 1950 HOW igen) Bixonthly pertodicsl wniere PUBLISHED: Moscow NO.OF PAGES 2 pare PUBLISHED —Jas/eD 2950 SUPPLEMENT 70 LANGUAGE — Roeatan REPORT NO, THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION SOURCE —Tevestive Aedexit Nauk SSSR, Seriya Fiztcheskaya, Yo1 XIV, No 1, 1950, pike. STAR CLUSTERS AND THE ORIGIN OF SPARS Astrophysical Observatory, Byurakan ‘Acad Sch Armenian SER B nies our Caluxy contains, besices the mmerous tvine and triplets, other stellar ssovtations culled star clusters, vaich are composed of many stars forming as itwere "collective sembere™ of the Galaxy. These clusters are divided into two types: open and epuerieal, —' ‘An open cluster {9 less dense in thiat the mumber of stare in it per salt volune 4s comparatively stall. Ordinarily, the cluster coaststs of several score, at novt several hundreds, of meabere; they rotate around the Gelaxy'® plane of Symmetry. Thay are composed mainly of stare of comparatively high trightuess, with very fev dwarf Spherical eter clusters aiffér ebarply from open ones, each one of then consisting of tens of thousands, possibly even hundreds of thousands of atare, fand having an orbit round the Galaxy's center that diverges strongly fror a cir . cular one. "Ia their orbita they ean move great distances, sonstiaes 1,000 par~ secs, from the Galaxy's plane of eyanetry.. Spherical clusters are very rfch in ctaré of lov brightness and do act contain hot super eiante at ail (a8 P. Py Par nko has @iscovered, they also contain many dvarfs and, probably, sbavarte). | Clusters of oue or the other type are always dietingyished sharply in the bickground of the Galactic field as strong steller concentrations, in spite of ‘their great diversities anong thes. Op photographe they always appear at very remarkable "star elimpe . ‘The nonhonogeneous gravitational ited sn the Galaxy tends to expand ais. rupt.ctar clusters, since the member stare underco varying aceelerations. ‘Thin ‘actioi,of the Galaiy on clusters 1s Just like the tidal action of the gun on the Gerth," ad heoee cet be called tidai- ~+~ CONFIDENTIAL CLASSIFICATION conor J [ame fame | [——ourourion c fae isl TT C ae 'Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 : CIA-RDP80-008094000600350215- po ees]‘Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 : CIA-RDP80-00809A000600350215-4 + : corel ONDE yy 50X1-HUM If thts "tidad force" exceeds the attraction between the stars of @ elus~ tex, then tt should slowly begin to break up. It 18 easy to calculate the Heda forces that exceed the internal forces, vhich vill be when the average density ofthe cluster decones lover than a certain critical density of the order of the "mess Galactic density. This means that, in order for cluster to Dreak up, ite deneity mast have been made lover than’ the density of the vole Galactic stellar fiei4, lence 1t vould seen that cuch a cluster could not exist. Moreover, stare of such clusters should be lost ty the background, be~ cause of their lower density and difficulty to observe in photographs. Ustil Fecently the question of the poaeible existence of such lov-density systems hed not been-raieed, ] ea reese em In 19M Soviet astronomers noted several facts appearing in observations: ‘sont the myriads of Imovn variable stare are several thousand stars that belong to type T taurus, differing irregularly in variation of brightness and Showing bright lines ta'thetr spectra. They belong to a number of cvarts of Spectral types G-K-H. It sens that P stars are not scattered uniforaly in the aky. Among etara of this type two groupe of stars are especially distin- gulshed: one tn Teurvs «= Auriga, and the other ia Aquila = Ophiuctos, Kooving the distances between the stare tp these grou the ataneter and density of the groups. ‘This density tur of tines less than that of the Galactic fleld. ‘Therefore, these groupe caniot bbe misbered anong the ordinary star clistere; they vere nened T-aseociations. Inter star-dvarze (spectral types G-K-K vith brignt Lines) vere found in the Sexe portions of the sky and are to be included in T-associations.. Obviously such systens cannot exist long and must rapidly break up after thetr creatior These T-associations have been actually obuerved. Also, great Interest 1s show in scattered groups of stars of spectral ‘types 0 and'B, nanely, bot cupergiants -- forsing so-called O-associations Gissinrly, there are other associations; A, Boy Bis B5y ete] Conclusions Tt must be ascuned that stars forming ® and O-associations are very young, ince star clusters have such short existences (10-20 million years). The fun Ganental conclusion 1s that the formation of stars 1s continsing in our Galmsy and in our epoch. Another snyortant concliefon 1e that stare are crested in Clusters or assocsetions. ‘The grovth of stare 4s ousil in comparison with the relaxation tines there- fore, the influence of proxinity of stara can be disregarded in the life tine of start, and cpstiel aietributions ao not vary vith tine. Thue open clustere do not thansform into spherical oneo and vive eres. In other words, stare in fa certain subsystem cannot be in a different stage of development. ‘In the neighbortoca of our sun (3,000 parses radius) there are 20 O-ass0~ ciations and hence probably 1,000 in our Galmy. Their litetine {9 about 10, million year Stars originating in our Galaxy appear in Russell's atagran at various por~ ‘ons of the main sequence. Astronomers of the West often teplay inabiiity and sneptnees in thet siteapis at cosmogonte interpretation of the results of astrophysical obeerrs- -EMD- -2- comzsamex. CONFIDENTIAL RA Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/09/14 - CIA-RDP80-O0809A000000350215-4 Eee eee eee eee se