BUSINESS
be a civil servant – državni sližbenik
 bank
 bus/train companies
 cafes
 cinemas
 clubs
 clothes/computer/computer game/phone
manufactures
 Internet/mobile phone providers - usluga
 Publishers
 Shops (chain stores/corner
shops/department stores/discount
stores/hypermarkets)
Products:
 (un)attractive
 (in)efficient - učinkovit
 hi-tech – visoka tehnologija
 good value for money / overpriced –
dobra vrijednost za novac / precijenjen
 good / poor quality – dobra / loša
kvaliteta
 (un)reliable - pouzdan
 (un)safe - siguran
 Well-made – dobro napravljeno
Services:
 (in)efficient - učinkovit
 (in)expensive - skupo
 good value for money / overpriced
 (un)punctual - točan
 (un)reliable - pouzdan
 (un)safe - siguran
Part-time work as a shop assistant, waiter /
waitress – prodavač / konobar
Summer / holiday work as a life guard, monitor –
spasilac,
Voluntary work: abroad, community service,
environmental – inozemstvo, društvene usluge,
ekološki
Work experience in a company as a programmer,
secretary - tajnica
be self-employed - samozaposlen
set up my own business / company
work for a family business / multinational company
/ small company
work for an NGO (non governmental organisation)
- nevladina organizacija
BUSINESS
1. PRODUCT DESIGN
 Brainstorming ideas – ideje
 Find a gap in the market – pronaći rupu na
tržištu
 Identify potential customers / users –
identificirati potencijalne kupce /
korisnike
 Identify customer needs – identificirati
potrebe kupaca
 Produce a prototype – proizvesti prototip
2. MARKETING
 Do market research – istražiti tržište
 Study the competition – proučiti
konkurenciju
 List unique selling points – popis
jedinstvenih prodajnih mjesta
 Produce a poster / video – izraditi plakat /
video
 Write a sales talk – napisati prodajni
razgovor
3. SELLING
 sell the product to retailers - prodati
proizvod trgovinama
 get orders / make sales – dobiti narudžbe
/ prodati
 increase sales – povećati prodaju
 make a profit / a loss – zaraditi / napraviti
gubitak
DESIGN

GOOD FEATURES CLOTHES ADJECTIVES

Look(s):
 casual – neformalna, povremena
 appealing – privlačan  colourful – raznobojna, šarena
 classy – otmjeno  cute – slatka
 elegant – elegantno  different – različita
 original – originalno  elegant – elegantna
 sleek – uglađeno  feminine / masculine – žensko /
 sophisticated – sofisticirano muško
 striking – upadljivo  outrageous – pretjerana
 stylish  rebellious – buntovnička
 trendy  smart – pametna
 up-to-date  stylish

be (is) colors

 durable – trajan  beige – bež

 environmentally friendly – ekološki  burgundy – tamnocrvena
prihvatljiv  chocolate
 functional – fukcionalan  cream – krem
 good quality – dobra kvaliteta  crimson -
 innovative – inovativan  dark blue – tamnoplava
 long-lasting – dugotrajan  gold – zlatna
 practical – praktičan  light blue – svijetlo plava
 useful – koristan  purple – purpurna
 user-friendly  silver – srebrna
 valuable – vrijedan  turquoise- tirkizna

BAD FEATURES material

Look(s)
 cotton – pamuk
 bizzare – bizarno  corduroy – samt
 cheap – jeftino  denim – traper
 dated – datiran  leather – koža
 dull – glup  linen – tkanina
 old-fahioned – staromodan  silk – svila
 ordinary – običan  velvet – baršun
 ostentatious – razmetljiv  wool – vuna
 tacky – otrcan  artificial leather – umjetna koža
 tasteless – neukusan  fur – krzno
 unoriginal – neorginalan  suede – brušena koža
 weird – čudan  velvet – pliš
 breaks easily – lako se lomi
 costs a fortune
 doesn't work properly – ne radi dobro
 is impractical – ne praktičan
 is poor quality – loša kvaliteta
 is useless - beskorisno
pattern

 flowery – cvjetna
 plain – obična
 striped – prugasta
 spotted – točkasto
 checked – karirano
 printed

style

 denim
 trendy
 bootcut – trapez
 casual – svakodnevni
 stylish
 old – fashioned – staromodan
 skinny
 ripped – izrezano
 scruffy – otrcan
 croppted – do gležnja
 ponytail

Fashion

 lining – podstava
 lapel – džepić na majici
 laces – vezice
 beads – perle
 shades – naočale
 collar – ovratnik
 a shawl – šal
 permed – trajna
 spiked – bodljikavo
 highlighted – pramenovi
 sturdy – glomazne cipele
 strapless – bez naramenica
 slinky – pripijeno, usko
 low cut - haljina s prorezom
 flared – široko
 wedges – sandale na pune pete
 strappy – cipele s remenčićima
 see – throught – prozirno
 deavage - dekolte
PERSONAL AND IMPERSONAL PASSIVE CONTRUCTIONS
The verbs think, believe, say, report, know, expect, consider, understandetc are used in the
following passive patterns in personal and impersonal constructions.
Active: People believe that he lied in court.
Passive: 1. It is believed (that) he lied in court. (impersonal)
It + passive + that-clause
2. He is believed to have lied in court. (personal)
Subject + passive + to-infinitive

Active: They expect him to arrive soon.

Passive: 3. It is expected (that) he will arrive soon. (impersonal)
It + passive + that-clause
4. He is expected to arrive soon. (personal)
Subject + passive + to-infinitive
Different tenses in personal passive constructions.
Present active:
People believe that Mr Brown owns a lot of land in the north.
Present personal passive construction:
Mr Brown is believed to own a lot of land in the north.

Future active:
people expect that a new law will be introduced next year.
Future personal passive construction:
A new law is expected to be introduced next year.

Past active:
People believed that Mr Brown owned a lot of land in the north.
They thought that the prisoners had escaped.
Present personal passive construction:
Mr Brown was believed to have owned a lot of land in the north.
The prisoners were thought to have escaped.

Impersonal reporting
indirect speech
passive
reporting verbs

Some reporting verbs can be made impersonal with the personal pronoun it and the
passive voice when the agent (the doer) of the action is unimportant, unknown or
obvious.

Examples of such verbs are: agree, announce, believe, claim, confirm, consider, decide,
estimate, expect, fear, feel, hope, imply, know, predict, reckon, recommend, report,
rumour, say, state, suggest, suppose, think etc.:

It has been agreed to prohibit smoking in public places.

It is rumoured that the government will implement new taxes.
 Indirect Questions

Me: Excuse me. Could you tell me where the nearest station is?
Person in the street: Certainly. It's along that road on the right.
Me: Thank you. And do you know if there's a supermarket near here?
Person in the street: Yes, there's one next to the station.
Me: Thank you very much for your help.

I use indirect questions when I'm asking for help in the street, because they are very polite.
Indirect questions start with a phrase like 'could you tell me...' or 'do you know...'. For
example:

Direct question: Where is the bank?

Indirect question: Could you tell me where the bank is?

Notice that in the indirect question I put the verb ('is') after the subject ('the bank'), in the
same way as I do with a normal positive sentence ('the bank is over there'), but in the direct
question I put the verb 'is' before the subject 'the bank'. This is called inversion, and it is used
to make direct questions in many verb tenses in English, but we don't use inversion in
indirect questions. This is very similar to the grammar of reported questions. However, we
use indirect questions in a different way from reported questions. Indirect questions are a
way of being polite. They are very, very common in English, especially when you're talking to
someone you don't know.

'Yes / No' Questions

To make an indirect 'yes / no' question, we use 'if' and the word order of a normal positive
sentence. This is the same as for reported 'yes / no' questions. On the other hand, we don't
usually need to 'backshift' (change the tense of the verb) as we do with reported questions.

Of course, most tenses make questions by using 'inversion' (changing the word order). To
change from a direct 'yes / no' question with inversion to an indirect question, you add 'if'
and change the word order back to a normal positive sentence. You don't need to use
inversion.
 Regrets

Using wish for past regrets

To regret means that we now feel sorry for something which happened (or didn’t happen) in the past

For example:

‘I regret waking up so late this morning.’ = I am now sorry that I woke up late.

‘I regret not studying harder in school.’ = I am now sorry that I didn’t study enough.

In English we can use the word 'wish' to talk about our past regrets (I have many regrets, so it a
useful word for me)!

Let’s take a look at our first example sentence using wish:

‘I wish I had studied harder in school.’

(wish + pronoun + past perfect)

Again in this example sentence the speaker is now sorry that he did not study harder in school.

Here are some more examples:

‘Noel wishes he had visited the Sorbonne when he was in Paris.’

‘We wish we had been kinder to her before she got sick.’

‘They wish they hadn’t spent so much money on their shopping trip.’

Using wish for present regrets

So far we have looked at using regret for events which happened in the past which we now feel sorry
about. We can also use wish to talk about our regrets about present situations i.e. we wish that
things could be different from the way they are at the moment.

‘I wish I was taller.’ = I am not tall, but I want to be.

Note: Although we are talking about the present we use the past tense:’ I wish I was taller’ and not ‘I
wish I amtaller’.

Here are some examples of present situation regrets:

‘I wish I knew the way home.’ = I want to go home, but I don’t know the way.

‘She wishes she was going too.’ = She wants to go, but she can not.

‘They wish they were younger.’ = They are older than they want to be.

Complaining

When someone does something which makes us angry we can use wish:

‘I wish you wouldn’t do that’

Imagine that you share an apartment with somebody. He is very lazy. You can complain by using wish
+ would:

‘I wish you would wash the dishes.’

‘I wish you wouldn’t leave your clothes on the floor.’

‘I wish you would be cleaner.’

Dreams and unreal situations

We can use wish + could to talk about something that we want to do but can’t.

For impossible dreams:

‘I wish I could fly like superman!’

For possible dreams:

‘I wish I could ski.’ (This is not impossible, you just need to take lessons)

Use of I wish / if only:

There are three distinct types of I wish / if Expressing regret:

only sentences:
Form:
Wish, wanting change for the present or future
with the simple past. If only / I wish + past perfect

Regret with the past perfect.

Example:
Complaints with would + verb.
If only I had woken up early. (I didn't wake up early
Expressing a wish: and I missed my bus.)

Form: Use:To express a regret.

The action is past.

If only / I wish + simple past
Complaining:
Example:
Form:
If only I knew how to use a computer. (I don’t
know how to use a computer and I would like to I wish / if only + would + verb
learn how to use it)
Example:
Use:
I wish you wouldn't arrive so late all the time (I'm
To express a wish in the present or in the future.
annoyed because you always come late and I want
The simple past here is an unreal past. you to arrive on time)

When you use the verb to be the form is “were”. Use:

Example:
To complain about a behavior that you disapprove.
I wish I were a millionaire!
Expressing impatience, annoyance or
dissatisfaction with a present action.
 It's time to + (verb)

We can use the expression it’s time + subject + past verb form to refer to the present
moment:

Gosh! It’s almost midnight. It’s time we went home.

Not: It’s time we go home.

It’s time with a verb in the to-infinitive form can refer to the speaker and the listener
together:

Come on. It’s time to start packing. We have to leave in two hours. (or It’s time
westarted packing.)

1. It's really late.It's time we went home.

2. It's 11 o'clock and the children are still in bed. It's time they got up .

3. It's late.It's time for me to go home.I am not allowed to come home late.

4. It's time for you to buy a new car.This old one isn't good enough for you.

5. When are you going to buy a car?It's time you bought a new car.

6. It's time for you to eat dinner.You must be hungry.

7. It's time I had my hair cut.I hate long hair!

8. It's time for us to start learning a foreign language.What about English?

9. It's time we started learning English.

10. It's time you read this book.It was written by Oscar Wilde and it's very
good.