Motorbike Registration System

INVESTIGATION REPORT
MOTORBIKE REGISTRATION SYSTEM
By
Mr Prabin Adhikary
NP000047
NP3F1801
A report submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of Asia Pacific University of

Technology and Innovation for the degree of
B.Sc. (Hons) in Information Technology
Supervised by Mr Raju Paudel
2nd Marker: Mr R. N. Thakur
Apr-2018
ABSTRACT
The main aim of this report is to develop a new product and build competitive status in the
technology field. The objectives of this final report are to show ability in finding facts and
defining the problems of the current situations along with the solutions for establishing the
system.
For the report, the brief investigation along with that effective research is done for the current
scenario to solve the problem issues. The research method is in practice for gathering
information (. i.e. Interview and Questionnaire) for the comparison between the technologies,
software development methodologies and collective raw data from the general end-users. To
verify why this idea has been selected a proper justification is given and one can understand
how creative thinking is complementary to other idea and also how to achieve effective
solutions. The whole investigation report was a challenging work which led developer to
bring out possible outcome.
Motorbike Registration System NP000047
Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION OF THE PROJECT ............................................................. 1
1.1 Background to the project ........................................................................................... 1
1.2 Problem Context.......................................................................................................... 1
1.3 Rationale...................................................................................................................... 1
1.4 Potential benefits ......................................................................................................... 2
1.4.1 Tangible benefits .................................................................................................. 2
1.4.2 Intangible benefits ................................................................................................ 2
1.5 Target users ................................................................................................................. 3
1.6 Aims ............................................................................................................................ 3
1.7 Objectives .................................................................................................................... 3
1.8 Deliverables -Functionality of the proposed system ................................................... 3
1.9 Nature of Challenges ................................................................................................... 4
1.10 Overview of this Investigation Report..................................................................... 4
1.11 Project Plan .................................................................................................................... 6
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................................... 7
2.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................. 7
2.2 Domain Research ........................................................................................................ 8
2.3 Similar System ............................................................................................................ 9
2.3.1 Web-based Portal for Vehicle Licensing Management ....................................... 9
2.3.2 Vehicle License Registration System ................................................................ 10
2.4 Summary ................................................................................................................... 11
CHAPTER 3: TECHNICAL RESEARCH .............................................................................. 13
3.1 Programming Language ............................................................................................ 13
3.2 IDE (Integrated Development Environment) ............................................................ 14
3.3 Database Management System.................................................................................. 14
3.4 Operating System ...................................................................................................... 16
3.5 Web Server ................................................................................................................ 16
3.6 Web Browser ............................................................................................................. 17
3.7 Summary ................................................................................................................... 17
CHAPTER 4: SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM ........................................................... 18
4.1 Waterfall Model ........................................................................................................ 18
4.2 Rapid Application Development ............................................................................... 19
4.3 Selecting the System Development Method ............................................................. 21
CHAPTER 5: RESEARCH METHODS ................................................................................. 22
5.1 Survey........................................................................................................................ 22
5.1.1 Questionnaire ..................................................................................................... 23
CHAPTER 6: REQUIREMENT VALIDATION- ANALYSIS ............................................. 25
6.1 Analysis of data collected through Questionnaire..................................................... 25
6.2 Summary ................................................................................................................... 28
CHAPTER 7: CONCLUSION AND REFLECTIONS ........................................................... 29
REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................ 30
APPENDICES ........................................................................................................................... I
Appendix I: Raw Data from Questionnaires .......................................................................... I
Appendix II: Log File ..........................................................................................................VI
Appendix III: PPF (Photostat copy) ................................................................................... VII
Appendix IV: PSF (Photostat copy) ....................................................................................IX
Appendix V: Ethics Form (Photostat copy) ...................................................................... XIII
Appendix VI: Gantt chart for IR (Investigation Report) .................................................. XIV
List of Figures
Figure 1: Project Plan for IR Report .......................................................................................... 6
Figure 2: System flowchart of Web-based Portal for Vehicle Licensing Management .......... 10
Figure 3: System Flowchart of Vehicle License Registration System .................................... 11
Figure 4: Simple PHP code ...................................................................................................... 14
Figure 5: Waterfall Model ....................................................................................................... 18
Figure 6: Rapid Application Development Model................................................................... 20
Figure 7: Survey Process ......................................................................................................... 23
Figure 8: Questionnaire Response 1 ........................................................................................ 25
Figure 9: Questionnaire Response 2 ........................................................................................ 25
Figure 10: Questionnaire Response 4 ...................................................................................... 26
Figure 14: Raw data from Questionnaires 1 .............................................................................. I
Figure 15: Raw data from Questionnaires 2 .............................................................................. I
Figure 16: Raw data from Questionnaires 3 ............................................................................. II
Figure 17: Raw data from Questionnaires 4 ............................................................................. II
Figure 18: Raw data from Questionnaires 5 ............................................................................ III
Figure 19: Raw data from Questionnaires 6 ............................................................................ III
Figure 20: Raw data from Questionnaires 7 ............................................................................IV
Figure 21: Raw data from Questionnaires 8 ............................................................................IV
Figure 22: Raw data from Questionnaires 9 ............................................................................. V
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION OF THE PROJECT
1.1 Background to the project
The Motorbike Registration System provides service to officially register bike to the
Department of Transportation Management (DOTM) after a new purchase as well as the
existing bikes. The User will input the required details after purchasing the bike and submit it
for registration process through our system. The users apply for blue-book through our
system and also check the current status of their blue-book and driver’s license re-new date.
The users will also be able to report for the theft from our system which can be the additional
feature of the proposed system.
After this standard module, I’m planning to integrate the Online Payment System to the
proposed system which will allow users to pay their tax and other payments related to bike
with ease. Also, on the later phases we can provide service to register other vehicles through
our system.
1.2 Problem Context

In contrast to the current situation, the registration process of the new bike is quite a hassle
for the bike owner. After purchasing a bike, the owner needs to visit various offices and wait
for many times even for a simplest work like say submitting the well filled form.
While purchasing a new bike, they have to register the bike and get the plate number. Also
they need to get bike insured. Doing it also takes a lot time as blue books require
authorization from different departments. Getting the blue book needs at least 15 days to 1
month in minimum.
The owners also tend to forget their legal paper re-new dates, the proposed system also gives
the information to the owner about due date to re-new them. For these above mentioned
problems, the best solution is the system that I’m proposing.
1.3 Rationale
The registration process of the new bike is tedious work. After purchasing a bike, the owner
of the bike needs to go to many concerned offices and wait for many times even for a
simplest work like say submitting the form.
I want to help users to register the motorbike and the owner’s information, check the legal
documents of the motorbike and identify of the bike owner by giving the license, report any
theft of motorbike to the concerned authorities and if possible, know if the motorbike is
stolen whenever the thief decides to sell it in second-hand. To fulfil it, I need to:
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 Get information about the current bike registration.
 Interview the DOTM authorities and bike owners to improvise the proposed system.
 Learn and gather information from various sources.
 Learning about online payment and integrating in our system on the later updates.
 Consult with experts.
 Investigating risk factors and overcoming them.
 Developing the proposed system
1.4 Potential benefits

1.4.1 Tangible benefits
Determining tangible benefit can be confusing. Although finance is often a factor, tangible
benefits can include those with no obvious or direct financial outcome. The determining
factor is whether a benefit includes measurable objective evidence. For example, while it may
appear that customer satisfaction is intangible, the fact that it can be measured by calculating
repeat business rates, customer turnover and evaluating customer complaint data makes it a
tangible benefit. (Lohrey, n.d.)
With the proposed system, cost, resources and time can be saved as entering data will does
not require filing, no use of tools and paper, etc. As it’s the general public web application,
revenues can be collected from various online advertisements that can be posted in the
website and also we can sell spot for advertisements to other people or organization. And to
increase the website’s traffic so that more people can visit our website, we can post any
vehicle related news as a blog post and sharing the link to the post through social media
platforms.
1.4.2 Intangible benefits

Intangible benefits, also called soft benefits, are the gains attributable to your improvement
project that are not reportable for formal accounting purposes. These benefits are not included
in the financial calculations because they are nonmonetary or are difficult to measure. (Anon.,
n.d.)
Digitizing the records can save a lot of time and effort to add the new entry and search the old
entries. It would also be convenient for the bike owners as they don’t need to waste their
precious time going to different authorities for registration after newly purchasing bike. It
will also help the law enforcement agencies, financial institutions, auto dealers and agencies
and others who frequently have to deal with the registration and payments of the bike.
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Also after the implementation of this system, government might be interest in the IT field as
digitizing the works would be easier to them and us the general public. Furthermore, the
whole country can grow exponentially.
1.5 Target users

The main target users are the general people who own the bike. Those who already owns bike
or just got the new bike so they can register the form for legal information and documents to
get the bluebook for bike.
The concerned authorities (Transportation Management Officials) are also the user of the
system; they can check the new applications of the bike registration and provide the owners
with the necessary documents.
1.6 Aims
To develop a web application that will help users to register their existing bike and also
newly purchased bike, send the legal papers information like bluebook, driver’s license, etc.
to the concerned authorities, notify the user about their their re-new date and also report the
theft of bike which will be sent to the Central Police Department through mail to their official
mail.
1.7 Objectives
The objectives of the proposed system are:
 To enhance the process of current registration system by digitizing the records.

 Increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the registration process.
 To keep bike related documents and information in our system.
 Provide service to change the ownership of bike.
 To know the current status of bike (running, stolen).
 Notify the user before payment date.
1.8 Deliverables -Functionality of the proposed system

 Register the old and new bikes on our system.
 Send the legal documents of bike to the government authorities.
 Change the status of the bike (i.e. Running, Stolen, etc.).
 Enable the option to send a report of stolen bike to the Central Police Department if
the bike status is set to stolen along with the detail of the bike.
 Notifies the user if payment dates are coming near using calendar system.
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1.9 Nature of Challenges
The Mobile Registration System is based on web application. Web Application has various
challenges like User Interface design, scalability, performance, knowledge of frameworks
and platforms, security, etc.
The main challenge is for data collection. As the proposed system deals with the official
authority or the government, we have to meet the concerned person which is really hard. Also
while collecting data; every data can give any possible information. And to design the User
Interface of the Web Application, each user has different preference. To meet such
requirement is the hardest part of any project.
Also to deal with the theft of bike, sending report the Central Police department may not
actually help find the bike as those bikes may be disassembled as soon as possible to sell it
part by part. Overcoming the theft of bike and actually minimizing it is the hardest part.
1.10 Overview of this Investigation Report

Chapter 1: Introduction
This chapter discusses about rough idea of the project and gives brief knowledge about the
background of the topic. It also describes about the problem, scope, target users, deliverable
of the proposed system. Overall, it describes about the proposed system and its probable use.
Chapter 2: Literature Review
Literature Review is the secondary source of information in any project. It plays a vital role
in any research report. Review of different articles, journals and books works as a guideline
strategy referring to the specific topic. This chapter consists of domain research, similar
system and also the summary of the review. Similar applications related to the topic are taken
for review in the aim of identifying down the loopholes for our or the existing system and
working to overcome it.
Chapter 3: Technical Research
This chapter cover information about the technical aspects for the project to be successful,
such as; Programming Language, Interactive Development Environment (IDE), Database
Management System, Operating System, Web Server and Web Browser. After researching
the best tool and comparing amongst them, they are selected through: reliability and easiness
to use and also free and open source application and tools. Similarly, the Database
Management System is also looked after with precision and one of the best one is selected for
the further development of the application of the topic.
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Chapter 4: System Development Methodology
In this chapter, the system development methodology for the proposed system is discussed.
This chapter consists of the information about why the flowing system development method
is selected. What are the advantages of the selected method and so-on?
Chapter 5: Research Methodology
Under this chapter, data collection methodology are described and the most suitable one
referring to the topic is implement for data collection methodology for proposed system. It
also describes why the method is selected and how is it implemented. It also consists of the
data collection procedure. It will take place using the questionnaire survey which consists of
a set of around 10 questions and objective of each question are to achieve the required data.
Chapter 6: Requirement Validation
This chapter helps us analyze the data taken from the data collection method i.e. Survey.
After analyzing the data, we can find how the data can help make our system better and also
what the respondents think and want from our proposed system.
Chapter 7: Conclusion and Reflection
In this chapter, the whole report is justified along with all the plus points and drawbacks
which also describes if there is any room of improvement in the proposed system.
References
It consists of different corresponding citations through which certain information for the
project has been referred.
Appendix
This includes various kinds of documents that are also required for the report.
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1.11 Project Plan
Figure 1: Project Plan for IR Report
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CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Introduction
A literature review surveys books, scholar articles, and any other various sources relevant to a
particular issue, area of research, or theory. By doing so, it provides a description, summary,
and critical evaluation of these works in relation to the research problem being investigated.
Literature reviews are designed to provide an overview of sources you have explored while
researching on a particular topic and to demonstrate to your readers how your research fits
within a larger field of study. (Fink, 2014)
A literature review may consist of simply a summary of key sources, but in the social
sciences, a literature review usually has an organizational pattern and combines both
summary and synthesis, often within specific conceptual categories. A summary is a recap of
the important information of the source, but a synthesis is a re-organization, or a reshuffling,
of that information in a way that informs how you are planning to investigate a research
problem. (Hart, 1998)
The analytical features of a literature review might be:
 Give a new interpretation from old material or combine new with old interpretations.
 Trace the intellectual progression of the research.
 Depending on the situation, evaluate the sources and advise the reader on the most
relevant research.
 Usually in the conclusion of a literature review, it identifies where gaps exist and how
a problem has been researched to date.
The purpose of a literature review is to:
 Place each work in the context of its contribution to understanding the research
problem being studied.
 Describe the relationship of each work to the others under consideration.
 Identify new ways to interpret prior research.
 Reveal any gaps that exist in the previous literature.
 Resolve conflicts about previous studies.
 Point the way in fulfilling a need for additional research.
 Find your own research within the context of existing research.
(Jesson, 2011)
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2.2 Domain Research

Domain Research 1:
538 two-wheelers are purchase daily according to the Department of Transport Management,
Nepal. Vehicle registrations recorded an all-time high with 239,583 vehicles registered out of
which more that 70 percent was motorbikes in the last fiscal year. The figure represents a 21
percent growth over the preceding year. In 2013-14, the number of vehicles registered was
198,343. (Giri, 2015)
As daily more than 500 motorbikes are purchased in Nepal, Registration process of those
bikes takes really long. As of current registration is decentralized meaning different district
keeps the record of the registration by their own district. By centralizing the data digitally,
every authority from every district can access them.
Domain Research 2:
License plates serve to help law enforcement, motor vehicle authorities and others identify a
vehicle. Apart from the identification and revenue-generating component of an effective
vehicle registration system, authorities also make use of it as a tool for collection of vital data
for planning purposes. The registration process enables the authorized agencies of
government to collect information such as the weight class, the country, state and government
in which the vehicle is registered use restrictions (private or commercial), age and engine
capacity. In addition, some license plates show whether the owner of the vehicle is a member
of a special organization or group such as the police force etc. Moreover, it gives the proof of
ownership certificate of the vehicle.
Vehicle registration is a mandatory exercise which all vehicle owners are expected to
undertake with the relevant government agencies in order to be able to drive the cars freely.
The process is laden with a wide range of checklists and steps which must all be followed.
These multi agency processes often times result in applicants by passing some of the stages
or resorting to the use of agents and touts for the entire registration process. This has led to
incomplete and sometimes inaccurate documentation of the registration. The Vehicle
registration involves the payment of a stipulated fee determined by the engine size of the
vehicle and also the vehicle type and use. All vehicles are uniquely identified by their vehicle
identification number but registered vehicles are identified and attached to vehicle
registration certificates. The maintenance of registers of users and vehicles is currently a
manual process and it is prone to errors and also very cumbersome to and time consuming.
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(International Association of Engineers, 2015)
Stolen vehicles are concealed immediately (by re-birthing, different license plates or
disassembly) and moved away from the location of theft as soon as possible. By moving the
stolen vehicle (complete or in parts) as soon as possible across a regional, federal or
international border, jurisdiction, administrative and law enforcement, it becomes more
difficult to track.
The major assumptions made in this study work is that manual methods of keeping records
are ineffective, time wasting, prone to error and has security risks. It is also assumed that
computerized base systems will motivate the staff members to work more effectively and
efficiently when registering bikes and other activities relating to bikes. I also believe that the
facts and observation got from the office are all reliable for the study to be a very successful
one.
2.3 Similar System

In the modern world, nothing is new, if anyone thinks that their idea is new and ground
breaking, it’s probably not as there are lots of people that thinks like us and are facing
problems like us to spark the idea. It’s about what your idea could provide more than what
the previous ideas could not.
There are many Registration Systems available currently. And some of the Registration
system that deals with bike and vehicles are:
2.3.1 Web-based Portal for Vehicle Licensing Management

The Web-based Portal for Vehicle Licensing Management is a registration system for vehicle
by vehicle types. It provides centralized data of the registered vehicle. The functionality of
this system is limited as it only
 Registers the Vehicle

 Renewal of the Licence
 Change Owner of the Vehicle
These are the only 3 functionality of Web-based Portal for Vehicle Licensing Management.
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Figure 2: System flowchart of Web-based Portal for Vehicle Licensing Management
Highlighting the technical component of this system, Hypertext Mark-up Language (HTML)
was used as the standard text-formatting. The system uses SQL Server and PHP scripting
Language for at server-side and was developed in Macromedia Dreamweaver CS5 Integrated
Development Environment (IDE).
2.3.2 Vehicle License Registration System

Vehicle License Registration System is another similar system that provides the service to
register for the vehicle license through their system. The system provides features like:
 Register new vehicle
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 Renew vehicle license
 Search vehicle details
 View registered and expired vehicles
 Delete license
 Print license card
Figure 3: System Flowchart of Vehicle License Registration System
2.4 Summary
Literature review is the key in any investigation on any topic. It gives the overall
understanding and data relating to the topic that is reported on.
After reviewing the reports relating the bike registration system, I’ve come to know the that
there are a lots of bike being purchased daily registering more than five hundred bike daily in
Nepal alone. And as the registration process is a tedious work, the proposed system helps on
overcoming the tedious process. Current registration is decentralized meaning different
district keeps the record of the registration by their respective district.
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Proper Registration of the bike or any vehicle is mandatory for all as it helps law
enforcement, motor vehicle authorities and others to identify a vehicle and who it is
registered to. Registration also helps to identify if the bike was stolen if the stolen bikes are
sold in the second hand market. Maintaining the proper record of the vehicle helps overcome
these situations.
There are many similar systems available currently with limited functionality. More
functionality of the system plays a major role for a system to succeed in the competitive
market.
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CHAPTER 3: TECHNICAL RESEARCH
3.1 Programming Language
C++:
The language helps to implement the projects in an object-oriented and effective way. It’s not
as pure as java for having object-oriented character but has a hybrid character that contains
the functions of C programming. If the properties are studied than the proposed system will
work efficient and close to the machine programming as well as the application developed in
the platform will be portable and easy to use. (Prinz & Prinz, 2002)
PHP:
PHP started out as a small open source project that evolved as more and more people found
out how useful it was. Rasmus Lerdorf unleashed the first version of PHP way back in 1994.
PHP is a server side scripting language that is embedded in HTML. It is used to manage
dynamic content, databases, session tracking, even build entire e-commerce sites. It is
integrated with a number of popular databases, including MySQL, PostgreSQL, Oracle,
Sybase, Informix, and Microsoft SQL Server. (Anon., n.d.)
Choosing the right programming language:
For the proposed system, I’ve decided to use PHP programming language. PHP
Programming the Languages mostly commonly used for Website and Web Application
Development. PHP is a general purpose server-side scripting language that runs a web server
that's designed to make dynamic webpages and web applications. PHP is secure, fast and
reliable and it offers lot more advantages to make it accessible to whole bunch of people. It is
to be given a thought as to what has made PHP Programming as one of the most commonly
programming language for the Web industry. Using PHP as its language has many benefits, a
few of which could be listed as below:
 PHP supports database like MySQL, Oracle, Sybase which are popularly used DBMS.
 It supports many platforms like Windows, Linux, Mac, etc.
 Using PHP is very simple because of easy functions, methods and the syntax is easy.
 It also supports other open source database.
A simple example of PHP code:
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Figure 4: Simple PHP code
3.2 IDE (Integrated Development Environment)

An Integrated Development Environment (IDE) is an application that facilitates application
development in general. It is an aid to develop software applications which is integrated with
all the tools required such as debugging, compiling, data structure browsing and more. It
helps a developer to quickly execute actions without switching to other applications. Thus,
helping to maximize productivity by providing similar user interface for related components
and reduces the time taken to learn the language. Also, it supports multiple programming
languages.
For the proposed system, I will be using Visual Studio Code which is a lightweight but a
powerful IDE which supports multiple platforms like Windows, Max and Linux. It has built-
in support for JavaScript, TypeScript and Node.js and has rich programming language
support like C++, C#, Python, PHP and so on.
3.3 Database Management System

A Database Management System (DBMS) is a software package designed to define,
manipulate, retrieve and manage data. A DBMS generally manipulates the data itself, the data
format, field names, record structure and file structure. It also defines rules to validate and
manipulate this data. A DBMS relieves users of framing programs for data maintenance.
Standard Query Language (SQL) is used along with the DBMS package to interact with a
database.
Comparison between two database management systems: MySQL and SQL Server.
Details MySQL SQL Server

Description World’s second most used Microsoft’s relational
Database Management database management
System system
Many features, the most Fully-featured database that
valuable of its platform is primarily designed to
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independence (Open source compare against likes
nature) MySQL, Oracle Database
Features Uses a very fast thread - Enables memory
based memory allocation optimization of selected
tables and stored procedures
Uses Multi-layered server Migrate data from the most
design with independent widely used DB systems
modules
Works on multiple platforms Allows to recover instantly
from one system to another
Supports fixed – length and Replication Services that
variable – length records keep data synchronized in
between SQL Server and
another DBMS
Deployment (Backend) Yes Yes
Root Mean Square (RMS) Performance Analysis is Performance Analysis is
done and well suited for done and well suited for
Response Response
CRUD (Create, Read, Yes Yes
Update and Delete)
Implementation Cost Cost will be minimal Cost is an obstacle
Language Type Software Database language
Design Database Integrated tool to design and Query Language
model database
Connectors To build database Does not provide connectors
applications, it provides
drivers for Python, C++,
Java
Working Platforms Linux, Windows, Mac. Linux and Windows
MySQL
For the Motorbike Registration System I will be using MySQL for database management as it
is one of the most influential and widely used open source database applications that
manipulates large data and can be accessed over the web. It provides multiple user access to
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several databases. MySQL is popular for web applications and operates with the database
elements for the platforms (Linux/ Mac/Windows).
MySQL popularity for use with web applications is closely associated to the popularity of
PHP programming language which is often used along with MySQL. Many high-traffic web
sites use MySQL as the backend for its data warehouse. MySQL is very popular with startup
companies, small or medium businesses and projects because it can be easy to use. In case
when high speed reads are applied for web, gaming and medium or small data storages
MySQL surpasses all the other database management systems.
3.4 Operating System

Operating System is the most important factor for developing the proposed system. Without
the platform to work on, project can’t even be started. There are different kinds of Operating
System in the market most well-known are Windows, Mac which are paid license and Linux
Operating System which are open source software. Due to the popularity of Windows overall
for most application support, Windows Operating System is the most preferable for the
proposed system.
3.5 Web Server

A Web server is a program that uses HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) to serve the files
that form Web pages to users, in response to their requests, which are forwarded by their
computers' HTTP clients. Dedicated computers and appliances may be referred to as Web
servers as well. Web servers often come as part of a larger package of Internet- and intranet-
related programs for serving email, downloading requests for File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
files, and building and publishing Web pages. Considerations in choosing a Web server
include how well it works with the operating system and other servers, its ability to handle
server-side programming, security characteristics, and the particular publishing, search
engine and site building tools that come with it.
Apache Web Server is open-source web server creation, deployment and management
software. Initially developed by a group of software programmers, it is now maintained by
the Apache Software Foundation. Apache Web Server is designed to create web servers that
have the ability to host one or more HTTP-based websites. Notable features include the
ability to support multiple programming languages, server-side scripting, an authentication
mechanism and database support. Apache Web Server can be enhanced by manipulating the
code base or adding multiple extensions.
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3.6 Web Browser
Since Motorbike Registration System is web based application, Web Browser is the essential
part of the system. There are many available web browsers and some of the popular are,
Mozilla Firefox, Google Chrome, Safari, Opera, Microsoft Edge, etc.
3.7 Summary
Technical Research is done to know how to develop the system. Moreover, it concludes what
tools, applications, platforms are required for the proposed system i.e. Motorbike Registration
System. As Motorbike Registration system is web-based application, the core coding is done
in PHP programming language. Of course, HTML and CSS is most for any web application
and website. To designing and developing the system Integrated Development Environment
(IDE) is required. And using the Visual Studio Code IDE is by far the best option as it is light
weight and yet powerful with all the built-in tools and it’s available for free. For Database
Management, MySQL is the popularly used system as it is mainly used with PHP
programming language.
Microsoft Windows is the most popular Operating System used by all users and it also
supports the latest versions of above mentioned Visual Studio Code IDE and MySQL
Database Application and also the Apache Web Server.
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CHAPTER 4: SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT SYSTEM
4.1 Waterfall Model
A system development methodology refers to the framework that is used to structure, plan,
and control the process of developing an information system. Having various methodologies,
for my proposed system I’ll be going with Waterfall or traditional method. Waterfall is a
linear approach to software development. In this methodology, the sequence of events is
something like:
 Gather and document requirements

 Design
 Code and unit test
 Perform system testing
 Perform User Acceptance Testing (UAT)
 Fix any issues
 Deliver the finished product
In a true Waterfall development project, each of these represents a distinct stage of software
development, and each stage generally finishes before the next one can begin. There is also
typically a stage gate between each for example, requirements must be reviewed and
approved by the customer before design can begin. (Anon., 2015)
Figure 5: Waterfall Model

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Advantages of Waterfall Model:
 Waterfall Model requires one phase to complete to go the next phase.

 In this model, we do a lot of paperwork as compared to any other models. Hence,
referenced documents are available throughout the project lifecycle.
 When new team member joins, referenced documents help them to understand the
project.
 It is the quiet straight forward model and is easier to know the current phase of the
project.
 The project with short span time can be developed with this model in better quality.
Disadvantages of Waterfall Model:
 This model doesn’t suitable for randomly changing requirement.

 No alteration in requirement is expected.
 Time of resources is wasted during the designing phase because; if designing phase is
not completed we cannot process with development as per the principle of Waterfall
model.
 The testing time comes quite later. That is against the principle of software testing.
 Takes lot of time to change and update the project documents.
4.2 Rapid Application Development

RAD model is Rapid Application Development model. It is a type of incremental model. In
RAD model the components or functions are developed in parallel as if they were mini
projects. The developments are time boxed, delivered and then assembled into a working
prototype. This can quickly give the customer something to see and use and to provide
feedback regarding the delivery and their requirements.
19
Figure 6: Rapid Application Development Model
The phases in the rapid application development (RAD) model are:
Business modeling: The information flow is identified between various business functions.
Data modeling: Information gathered from business modeling is used to define data objects
that are needed for the business.
Process modeling: Data objects defined in data modeling are converted to achieve the
business information flow to achieve some specific business objective. Description are
identified and created for CRUD of data objects.
Application generation: Automated tools are used to convert process models into code and
the actual system.
Testing and turnover: Test new components and all the interfaces.
Advantages of Rapid Application Development
 Reduced development time.

 Increases reusability of components
20
 Quick initial reviews occur
 Encourages customer feedback
 Integration from very beginning solves a lot of integration issues.
Disadvantages of Rapid Application Development
 Depends on strong team and individual performances for identifying business

requirements.
 Only system that can be modularized can be built using RAD
 Requires highly skilled developers/designers.
 High dependency on modeling skills
 Inapplicable to cheaper projects as cost of modeling and automated code generation is
very high.
(Anon., 2017)
4.3 Selecting the System Development Method

As this is not a big project RAD model is not feasible as it requires huge costs, teams and
different modules. Waterfall method is acceptable because it does not require such large
investments in cost and work. Waterfall method follows the specific sequence. After
completing one stage then only one can go to another stage. So, after making very sure on the
requirements of the project other stages can be completed. Thus, Waterfall Model is suitable
for the proposed system.
21
CHAPTER 5: RESEARCH METHODS
Research is a logical and systematic search for new and useful information on a particular
topic. It is an investigation of finding different possible solutions various problems through
objective and systematic analysis. It is a search for knowledge, that is, a discovery of hidden
truths. The information is collected from different sources like experience, human beings,
books, journals, nature, etc. A research can lead to new contributions to the existing
knowledge. Only through research, it is possible to make progress in a field.
Research methods are the various procedures used in research. All the methods used by a
researcher during a research study are known as research methods. Research methods are
essentially planned, scientific and value-neutral. They include theoretical procedures,
experimental studies, statistical approaches, etc. It helps us collect samples, data and find a
solution to a problem. Particularly, scientific research methods are based on collected facts,
measurements and observations and not on reasoning alone. They accept only those
explanations which can be verified after performing various experiments.
5.1 Survey
A survey is a method of gathering information from a group or sample of people, traditionally
with the intention of gathering the results from a larger population. Surveys provide a critical
source of data and insights for nearly everyone engaged in any kind of research, from
students, businesses, journalists to governments.
There are four modes of survey data collection that are commonly used.
 Face-to-face surveys
 Telephone surveys
 Self-administered paper and pencil surveys
 Self-administered computer surveys (typically online)
22
While surveys vary widely in how they are conducted and used, there are a number of
components that are common across nearly all surveys. Many of these common features have
been studied in extensive detail by survey methodologists, psychologists, statisticians, and
many other fields of research. The general process of survey research is outlined in the figure
below. (Anon., n.d.)
Figure 7: Survey Process
5.1.1 Questionnaire
Questionnaires can be classified as both, quantitative and qualitative method of data
collection depending on the nature of questions. Specifically, answers obtained through
closed-ended questions with multiple choice answer options are analyzed using quantitative
methods and they involve pie-charts and bar-graphs. And answers obtained through open-
ended questionnaire are analyzed using qualitative methods and they involve discussions and
critical analysis without use of numbers and calculations. (Anon., n.d.)
Advantages of questionnaires include faster data collection from lager sample of people with
low or no cost requirements and it has higher levels of objectivity compared to any other
methods of primary data collection method. However, questionnaires have certain
disadvantages such as selection of random answer choices by respondents without reading the
23
question properly. Moreover, there is usually no possibility for respondents to express their
additional thoughts about the matter due to absence of a relevant question.
Some of the Questions are:
 Do you know the current process of Vehicle Registering?

 Is current process of registering the bike tedious work?
 If Yes, How? (define with some words)
 Have you ever forgotten your legal documents of your bike at the time of need?
 Did you often forget payment dates of your tax or any payments related to bike?
 Would reminding to pay your tax and other payments be helpful?
 Do you think it’s easier to pay taxes and payments online?
 How do you feel about online registration of bike?
 Would it be easier if you could login to the system and send bike related information to
authorities?
24
CHAPTER 6: REQUIREMENT VALIDATION- ANALYSIS
6.1 Analysis of data collected through Questionnaire
Do you know the current process of Vehicle Registeration?
47.10%
52.90%
Yes
No
Figure 8: Questionnaire Response 1
Out of 17 responses, 47.1% people know the current process of registering new bike and
52.9% people don’t know the process.
Is current process of registering the bike tedious work?
41.10%
Yes
58.90%
No
To the total response to this question, 47.1% responses was on they find registering the newly
purchase bike tedious and 10 responses they didn’t find it tedious.
25
Have you ever forgotten your legal documents of your bike at the
time of need?
41.20%
58.80% Yes
No
In this chart, 58.80% people tend to forget the legal documents of their bike and 41.20%
people don’t forget their documents when needed.
Did you often forget payment dates of your tax or any payments
related to bike?
35.30%
41.20%
Yes
No
Sometimes
29.40%
Out of 17 people, 35.3% tends to forget their due date to pay tax and other payments related
to bike, 29.4% doesn’t forget and 41.2% sometimes forget their due dates to pay their tax and
payments.
26
Would reminding you to pay your tax and payments be helpful?
0% 11.80%
Yes
No
Maybe
88.20%
88.2% of the total responses like to be reminded to pay their tax and other payments of bike
and 11.8% may think it will be helpful.
Do you think it’s easier to pay taxes and payments

online?
0%
Yes
100% No
This chart shows different responses to the question about registering the new bike online
through our system. And almost all the responses show that it will be really helpful to them.
27
Would it be easier if you could login to the system and send bike
related information to authorities?
29.40%
Yes
No
70.60%
0% Maybe
This chart shows 70.6% of people find checking their blue books and other bike related
documents online easier and 29.4% of people are not sure if it will be helpful or not.
6.2 Summary
The first response shows that most of the people don’t know the process of registering bike or
any vehicle. As they don’t know the process, they’ll find the registering process a tedious
work if the vendors or dealers don’t do the registration process by themself. Even if the
vendors go through registration process for their clients, the vendors still need to go through
the time consuming process to register the bike and get the bike number for license plate. The
second question is related to the first. Here, the respondents define that the registration
process takes really long time and also need to go different offices and concerned authorities.
People may know the process of the registration process if the bike vendors don’t the
registration process by themself.
People also often forget their legal documents while needed and the payment due dates. The
proposed system can overcome these problems as it holds those documents in our system so
that the users can view their needed bike related documents when needed easily and the
system will remind the users for their upcoming payment dates through the mail.
28
CHAPTER 7: CONCLUSION AND REFLECTIONS
Investigation is a crucial part of any research or any project. It helps understand the overall
project requirements for its completion. After the completion of the Investigation Report, it’s
become very clear about the requirements for the project Motorbike Registration System.
Motorbike Registration System is and online web application which provides service to
officially register bike to the Department of Transportation Management (DOTM) after a new
purchase. The registration process of the new vehicle is quite a hassle for the bike owner.
After purchasing a vehicle, the owner of the bike needs to go to DOTM office and wait for
many times even for a simplest work like say submitting the form.
The proposed System has both Tangible and Intangible benefits. It can produce revenues by
posting various advertisements in the website and we can also sell spot to post the
advertisements to others.
Technical Research is also done to know how to develop the system. Moreover, to decide
what tools, applications, platforms are required for the proposed system i.e. Motorbike
Registration System. And the System Development Methodology for the proposed will be
Waterfall Model.
Various data gathering methods were also performed like Questionnaires. It gave me the
inside view of that the people thinks about the system and what do they know about the
current registration process of motorbikes.
29
REFERENCES
Anon., 2015. WATERFALL MODEL ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES. [Online]
Available at: http://www.softwaretestingandistqb.com/waterfall-model-advantages-and-
disadvantages/
[Accessed 2018].
Anon., 2017. What is RAD model- advantages, disadvantages and when to use it?. [Online]
Available at: http://istqbexamcertification.com/what-is-rad-model-advantages-disadvantages-
and-when-to-use-it/
[Accessed 2018].
Anon., n.d. Intangible benefits. [Online]
Available at: https://www.isixsigma.com/dictionary/intangible-benefits/
Anon., n.d. PHP - Introduction. [Online]
Available at: https://www.tutorialspoint.com/php/php_introduction.htm
[Accessed 2018].
Anon., n.d. Questionnaires. [Online]
Available at: https://research-methodology.net/research-methods/survey-
method/questionnaires-2/
[Accessed 2018].
Anon., n.d. What Is a Survey?. [Online]
Available at: https://www.qualtrics.com/experience-management/research/survey-basics/
Fink, A., 2014. Conducting Research Literature Reviews: From the Internet to Paper. 4th ed.
Thousand Oaks: Sage.
Giri, S., 2015. 37 autos, 538 bikes sold in Nepal daily, Kathmandu: eKantipur.
Hart, C., 1998. Doing a Literature Review: Releasing the Social Science Research
Imagination. Thousand Oaks: Sage Publications.
International Association of Engineers, 2015. Web-based Portal for Vehicle Licensing,
London: Proceedings of the World Congress on Engineering.
Jesson, J., 2011. Doing Your Literature Review: Traditional and Systematic Techniques. Los
Angeles: Sage.
Lohrey, J., n.d. Chron. [Online]
Available at: http://smallbusiness.chron.com/evaluate-tangible-benefits-78851.html
[Accessed 2018].
Prinz, K. U. & Prinz, P., 2002. A Complete Guide to Programming in C++. s.l.:Jones and
Bartlett.
30
APPENDICES
Appendix I: Raw Data from Questionnaires
Figure 14: Raw data from Questionnaires 1
I
II
III
IV
V
Appendix II: Log File
Log file is on next page.
VI
Appendix III: PPF (Photostat copy)
Introduction
Department of Transportation Management (DOTM) after a new purchase. The User will
input the required details after purchasing the bike and submit it for registration process
through our system. The users apply for blue-book and driver’s license through our system
and also check the current status of their blue-book and driver’s license re-new date.
Furthermore, the proposed system also utilizes Bike’s Chase Number and Engine Number
while registering. The users will also be able to report for the theft from our system which
will be the additional feature of the proposed system. Also all the fees required can be paid to
DOTM through eSewa or any demonetizing service currently available.
Problem Statement
In contrast to the current situation, the registration process of the new vehicle is quite a hassle
for the bike owner. After purchasing a vehicle, the owner of the bike needs to go to DOTM
office and wait for many times even for a simplest work like say submitting the form. The
owners also tend to forget their legal paper re-new dates, the proposed system also gives the
information to the owner about due date to re-new them. For these above mentioned
Project Aims
To develop a web application that will help users to register their new bike, check the legal
papers info and their re-new date and also report the theft of bike.
Project Objectives
 Get information about the current vehicle registration.

 Interview the DOTM authorities and vehicles owners to improvise the proposed
system.
 Learn and gather information from various sources.
 Learning about demonetization and integrating in our system.
 Consult with supervisor if unclear about anything.
 Investigating risk factors and overcoming them
 Planning
 Developing the proposed system
VII
Literature Review
License plates serve to help law enforcement, motor vehicle authorities and others identify a
vehicle. Apart from the identification and revenue-generating component of an effective
vehicle registration system, authorities also make use of it as a tool for collection of vital data
for planning purposes. The registration process enables the authorized agencies of
government to collect information such as the weight class, the country, state and government
in which the vehicle is registered use restrictions (private or commercial), age and engine
capacity. In addition, some license plates show whether the owner of the vehicle is a member
of a special organization or group such as the police force etc. Moreover, it gives the proof of
ownership certificate of the vehicle.
Vehicle registration is a mandatory exercise which all vehicle owners are expected to
undertake with the relevant government agencies in order to be able to drive the cars freely.
The process is laden with a wide range of checklists and steps which must all be followed.
These multi agency processes often times result in applicants by passing some of the stages
or resorting to the use of agents and touts for the entire registration process. This has led to
incomplete and sometimes inaccurate documentation of the registration. The Vehicle
registration involves the payment of a stipulated fee determined by the engine size of the
vehicle and also the vehicle type and use. All vehicles are uniquely identified by their vehicle
identification number but registered vehicles are identified and attached to vehicle
registration certificates. The maintenance of registers of users and vehicles is currently a
manual process and it is prone to errors and also very cumbersome to and time consuming.
Stolen vehicles are concealed immediately (by re-birthing, different license plates or
disassembly) and moved away from the location of theft as soon as possible. By moving the
stolen vehicle (complete or in parts) as soon as possible across a regional, federal or
international border, jurisdiction, administrative and law enforcement, it becomes more
difficult to track.
Deliverables
 The licensed vehicle owner information (Restricted Access).

 Propose the system to DOTM Authority.
 Working proposed system.
VIII
Appendix IV: PSF (Photostat copy)
Brief description on project background. (.i.e. problem context, rationale, description of
problem area, nature of challenge)
Department of Transportation Management (DOTM) after a new purchase. The User will
input the required details after purchasing the bike and submit it for registration process
through our system. The users apply for blue-book and driver’s license through our system
and also check the current status of their blue-book and driver’s license re-new date.
Furthermore, the proposed system also utilizes Bike’s Chase Number and Engine Number
while registering. The users will also be able to report for the theft from our system which
will be the additional feature of the proposed system. Also, all the fees required can be paid
to DOTM through eSewa or any demonetizing service currently available.
In contrast to the current situation, the registration process of the new vehicle is quite a hassle
for the bike owner. After purchasing a vehicle, the owner of the bike needs to go to DOTM
office and wait for many times even for a simplest work like say submitting the form. The
owners also tend to forget their legal paper re-new dates, the proposed system also gives the
information to the owner about due date to re-new them. For these above-mentioned
Brief description of project objectives. (i.e. scope of proposal and deliverables)
Objectives:
 To register the motorbike and the owner’s information.

 To check the legal documents.
 To report any theft of motorbike.
 To know if the motorbike is stolen if ever the thief decides to sell it in second-hand.
Deliverables:
 The licensed vehicle owner information (Restricted Access).

 Propose the system to DOTM Authority.
 Further research on how the current state of Vehicle registration is.
 In-depth research for developing the overall system.
IX
Brief description of the resources needed by the proposal. (i.e. hardware, software,
access to information / expertise, user involvement etc.)
Hardware:
The minimum requirements for hardware for the personal computer to successfully carry out
and meet the objectives of the system are as follows:
 Processor – Pentium 4 2.66A (2.66 GHz)

 Mobile Phone
 Random Access Memory (RAM) – 512MB
 Keyboard & Mouse
 Internet Connection
Software:
Code Editor and Database Management System (DBMS)
 Net Beans 6.8 or later versions

 MySQL Version 5 or phpMyAdmin 3.3.9 (or later versions)
Server-Side Scripting, Web Server and File Transfer Protocol (FTP) Software
 PHP 5.3.1 or later

 Apache 2.2.17 or later
 FileZilla FTP Server 0.9.37 or later
Documentation and Planning
 Microsoft Project 2007

 Microsoft Word 2007
Access to information / expertise:
The development of the system will require consultation from IT experts who are
experienced in developing web applications and security field. Apart from that, information
may be gathered from interviews and surveys done from the Department of Transportation
Management authorities and lecturers of LBEF College.
User Involvement:
The people who are involved are Vehicle Owners and Transportation Department Authority.
I will interview with DOTM personnel who holds the crucial data of owner’s information and
X
those that are currently working at the DOTM Office. Apart from that, I will try to get
feedbacks from bike owners regarding to system, and also from the DOTM authorities as
they will be assisting on the usability testing phase.
Academic research being carried out and other information, techniques being learned.
(i.e. what are the names of books you are going to read / data sets you are going to use.)
In order to carry out the deliverables, the preliminary list of books and web pages I will study
are as follows.
Books:
 Name: PHP 5 Power Programming

 Author: Andi Gutmans, Derick Rethans, Stig Saether Bakken
 Publisher: Prentice Hall PTR, 2005
 Name: PHP and MySQL Web Development (4th Edition)

 Author: Luke Welling, Laura Thomson
 Publisher: Addison-Wesley Professional
 Name: HTML5: Up and Running

 Author: Mark Pilgrim
 Publisher: OReilly Media
 Name: Stunning CSS3: A project-based guide to the latest in CSS

 Author: Zoe Mickley Gillenwater
 Publisher: New Riders Press
 Name: JavaScript, A Beginners Guide, Third Edition

 Author: John Pollock
 Publisher: McGraw-Hill Osborne Media
Brief description of the development plan for the proposed project. (i.e. which software
methodology and why, the major areas of functions to be developed and the order in
which developed)
A system development methodology refers to the framework that is used to structure, plan,
and control the process of developing an information system. Having various methodologies,
XI
for my proposed system I’ll be going with Waterfall or traditional method Waterfall is a
linear approach to software development. In this methodology, the sequence of events is
something like:
 Gather and document requirements

 Design
 Code and unit test
 Perform system testing
 Perform user acceptance testing (UAT)
 Fix any issues
 Deliver the finished product
In a true Waterfall development project, each of these represents a distinct stage of software
development, and each stage generally finishes before the next one can begin. There is also
typically a stage gate between each for example, requirements must be reviewed and
approved by the customer before design can begin.
Brief description of the evaluation and test plan for the proposed project. (i.e. what is
the success criteria and how will be evaluated & implementation will be tested, indicate
the estimated size of the demonstration/test database)
Success Criteria
The main goal of “Motorbike Registration System” will rely on the features of uploading
vehicle owner to the web portal and approving the registration application by the authorities
through the portal. In order to make sure the system is functioning well before delivering, 5
owners and DOTM Authority will conduct the testing as follows.
 Unit Testing
 Integration Testing
 Usability Testing
XII
Appendix V: Ethics Form (Photostat copy)
Ethics Form is on next page
XIII
Appendix VI: Gantt chart for IR (Investigation Report)
26-Feb-18 3-Mar-18 8-Mar-18 13-Mar-18 18-Mar-18 23-Mar-18 28-Mar-18 2-Apr-18 7-Apr-18 12-Apr-18 17-Apr-18
INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY
LITERATURE REVIEW
TECHNICAL RESEARCH
START DATE
SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT METHOD DURATION
RESEARCH METHODS
REQUIREMENT VALIDATION- ANALYSIS
CONCLUSION AND REFLECTION
XIV

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INVESTIGATION REPORT

MOTORBIKE REGISTRATION SYSTEM

A report submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of Asia Pacific University of

B.Sc. (Hons) in Information Technology

Supervised by Mr Raju Paudel

2nd Marker: Mr R. N. Thakur

1.2 Problem Context

1.4 Potential benefits

1.4.2 Intangible benefits

1.5 Target users

 To enhance the process of current registration system by digitizing the records.

1.8 Deliverables -Functionality of the proposed system

1.10 Overview of this Investigation Report

Chapter 2: Literature Review

Chapter 3: Technical Research

Chapter 5: Research Methodology

Chapter 6: Requirement Validation

Chapter 7: Conclusion and Reflection

Figure 1: Project Plan for IR Report

The analytical features of a literature review might be:

The purpose of a literature review is to:

2.2 Domain Research

2.3 Similar System

2.3.1 Web-based Portal for Vehicle Licensing Management

 Registers the Vehicle

Figure 2: System flowchart of Web-based Portal for Vehicle Licensing Management

2.3.2 Vehicle License Registration System

 Register new vehicle

Figure 3: System Flowchart of Vehicle License Registration System

Choosing the right programming language:

A simple example of PHP code:

Figure 4: Simple PHP code

3.2 IDE (Integrated Development Environment)

3.3 Database Management System

Details MySQL SQL Server

3.4 Operating System

3.5 Web Server

 Gather and document requirements

Figure 5: Waterfall Model

 Waterfall Model requires one phase to complete to go the next phase.

Disadvantages of Waterfall Model:

 This model doesn’t suitable for randomly changing requirement.

4.2 Rapid Application Development

Figure 6: Rapid Application Development Model

The phases in the rapid application development (RAD) model are:

Advantages of Rapid Application Development

 Reduced development time.

Disadvantages of Rapid Application Development

 Depends on strong team and individual performances for identifying business

4.3 Selecting the System Development Method

Figure 7: Survey Process

Some of the Questions are:

 Do you know the current process of Vehicle Registering?

Do you know the current process of Vehicle Registeration?

Figure 8: Questionnaire Response 1

Is current process of registering the bike tedious work?

Figure 9: Questionnaire Response 2

Figure 10: Questionnaire Response 3

Figure 10: Questionnaire Response 4

Would reminding you to pay your tax and payments be helpful?

Figure 11: Questionnaire Response 5

Do you think it’s easier to pay taxes and payments

Figure 12: Questionnaire Response 6