2005 paper 2

Section A (40 %)

Answer all the questions in this section.

1. A body starts from rest and accelerates uniformly along a straight line for 10.0 s until
its velocity is 20.0 m/s. It then cruises along with this speed for another 12.0 s. After
that it begins to decelerate uniformly and comes to a standstill after a further 8.0 s.

(a) On the grids below, sketch the speed-time graph for the above motion. (Use 1 division on
the speed-axis to represent 2.0 m/s and 1 division on the time-axis to represent 2.0s.)
[3]

(b) Find the distance travelled for the whole journey. [2]

(c) Draw using the same axes, the speed-time graph of another object travelling at uniform
speed and covering the same total distance within the same duration of travel.
Show your working in the space below. [2]

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2. A man wanted to raise a basket of bricks to the top of a roof as shown in the diagram
below. He first raised the basket vertically by means of a rope and a pulley (not
shown) over the vertical wall of 10.0 m tall in 20.0 s at a uniform speed. Then he
pushed the basket up along the slope of the roof at uniform speed until he reached the
top of the roof.

20.0 m
Roof
20.0 m
Vertical
wall 10.0 m

(a) The basket and bricks had a total mass of 5.0 kg. Find the work done by the man in
raising the basket of bricks over the 10 m vertical wall. [2]

(b) Calculate the power exerted by the man in raising the basket of bricks over the 10 m
wall. [2]

(c) The frictional force between the basket and roof is 40 N. Calculate,
(i) the minimum force the man must apply to the basket to move it up the slope of the
roof at a uniform speed, and [2]

(i) the minimum work done by the man pushing the basket along the roof surface to the
top. [1]

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3. Diagram below shows a semi-circular block made of a type of transparent material.
A ray is directed from outside the curve side at X toward the centre C. It is observe
that the emergent ray is parallel to the flat surface.

(a) Draw the incident ray from X through the transparent block until it emerges out. [ 2 ]

(b) Measure the relevant angle and calculate the refractive index of the material used. [ 2 ]

4. (a) The specific latent heat of vaporization of water is 2250 kJ/kg. Explain what the
statement means. [1]

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(b) In an experiment to determine the specific latent heat of vaporization of water, an

electric heater of 500 W was used to heat up an unknown amount of water in a metal
container. When steam was steadily being produced, the timing begins and the time
recorded to boil away 50.0 g of water from the container was 4 min and 10.0 s.

(i) How much energy did the heater supply within the said time? [2]

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 (ii)Calculate the specific latent heat of vaporization of water. [2]

(iii) Why was the heat capacity of container and heater not required in the calculation?
[2]

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5. The graph below shows how the resistance of a thermistor changes with temperature.

(a) A student connects the thermistor, a 1.5 V dry cell and an electric bell of resistance
6.0  in series. The thermistor is then placed into a beaker of water kept at 20 C.
Calculate the current through the thermistor at 20C. [2]

(b) Hence or otherwise, find the range of values of the voltage across
the 6.0  of resistor if the temperature varies between 20C to100C.
[3]

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6. The diagram shows a magnet being dropped through the centre of a narrow coil. The
e.m.f. across the coil is monitored on an oscilloscope.

(a) What is the induced polarity on the topside of the coil as the magnet falls towards the
coil? [1]

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(b) Mark within the boxes a “+” sign and a “-“ sign to denote the direction of the induced
e.m.f. across the coil as the magnet falls towards the coil. [1]

The second diagram shows the variation of e.m.f. with time as the magnet falls.

(c) State, and explain, two ways in which the graph would change if the magnet were
dropped from a greater height than that used to produce the graph in the diagram.
[2]

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(d) Imagine that there is an “Anti-Lenz’s law” as such that when more electrical power
was demanded from a generator, the force needed to turn it should be reduced.
Explain whether this law can be in existence. [1 ]

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7. A student sets up a Geiger-Muller tube and a scaler in front of a radioactive source

which emits two types of radiations. Pieces of aluminium, each of thickness 1.25
mm, are stacked between the source and the detector and the count rates are
recorded accordingly.

The count rates, after taking into account of background radiation are then plotted
with various numbers of aluminium plates. The results is as follows:

The source is to be stored inside an Aluminium box and the count rate outside the
box has to be limited to below 7000 counts per minute.

Use the graph to

(a) Deduce the kind/s of radiation/s that is/are emitted? Give reason/s to support your
answer. [4]

(b) A magnetic field, perpendicular to the path of the radiations is applied to the region
marked P after the 5 aluminium plates as shown in the diagram. State how the count
rate will change. [1]

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 Section B (30 %)

Answer all questions in this section. Question 10 has a choice of section to answer

8(a). The figure shows a simple mercury barometer.

(i) On the figure, indicate clearly the distance that is to be measured in order to determine
the value of the atmospheric pressure. Label this distance h. [1]

(ii) On the same figure, mark with an 'x' and label the following points in the barometer:

point A: where the pressure is zero,

point B: where the pressure is greater than the atmospheric pressure. [2]

(iii) Some alcohol is introduced into the space above the mercury. State with an explanation
the effect of this action on the mercury level. [2]

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8(b). A boy throws a stone horizontally over a tall vertical cliff to the sea beneath him. The
initial speed of the stone is 5.0 m/s.

(i) On the same axes, sketch a separate velocity-time graph for the horizontal motion
and the vertical motion in the space provided. [2]

(ii) From your graph, or otherwise, determine the time when the horizontal and
vertical speeds are the same. Mark clearly and label the relevant points on graph.
[1]

(iii) The stone hits the sea after 5.0 s. How tall is the cliff? [2]

9(a). A, B, and C represent particles in a medium through which waves are passing
continuously in the direction indicated by the arrow.

Wave motion
A B C
      

(i) Describe the motion of particles A, B and C when the waves are
(A) transverse, and

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(B) longitudinal [2]

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(ii) Draw on grid below, the profile of a transverse wave of wavelength 40 mm and
amplitude 15 mm. Your diagram should represent the wave at a particular instant and
should show exactly two wavelengths. Label the relevant points. [2]

8(b). In a ripple tank experiment, plane water waves are incident on a straight reflector as
shown below.
Add in the first three reflected portions of wave fronts at the instant shown and
indicate the wave direction before and after reflection. [3]

Reflector

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(b) A mobile phone has a built-in transmitter circuit. It operates on a certain type of
electromagnetic wave energy.

(i) Name the electromagnetic energy that is transmitted.

[1]

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(ii) State the transformation of energy that goes through two specific devices
associated with the transmitter circuit. .
[2]

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10.

EITHER

The figure below shows a power station generating electricity, which is to be transmitted
over long distance so as to supply the 200 households of a small village.

If each household’s average power consumption 2.5 kW from their mains supply of 240 V,
calculate

(a) The step-down transformer T is assumed to be an ideal transformer. If the turns ratio is
2000 to 1, calculate the potential difference across PQ. [2]

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(b) Assuming a 10 % power loss along the transmission cable of 10 , calculate the
power loss along the transmission cable. [3]

(c) A bird landing onto the transmission cable with both its feet, will the bird receive any
electrical shock? Explain. [1]

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(d) Explain why a transformer cannot function on a direct current voltage supply. [2]

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(e) In the design of a transformer, it is important to consider how to reduce power losses
in the transformer. State and explain a design feature of the transformer that would
reduce the power loss. [2]

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OR

The figure below shows a circuit comprising of a relay to switch on the motor M.

L-shaped
iron rod

Explain, in detail, how closing the switch S causes the motor to start. [4]

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(b) The figure below shows a light aluminium rod resting between the poles of a magnet. A
current is passed through the rod from two brass strips connected to a power supply.

(i) On the above figure, draw the direction of the movement of electrons in the aluminium
rod when the switch is closed. [1]

(ii) State which way the rod moves when the switch is closed. Give a reason for your answer.
[3]

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(iii) State the effect on the movement of the rod when

(A) wires of lower resistance are used in the connections of the circuit. [1]

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(B) the polarity of the cell is reversed. [1]

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End of Paper

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