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A Project Study
Presented to the Faculty of the Mechanical Engineering
College of Engineering, Architecture, Fine Arts and Computing Sciences
Batangas State University
Gov. Pablo Borbon Campus II
Alangilan, Batangas City
In Partial Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree of
Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering
by:
ESCALONA, EMMANNUEL A.
MANALO, EDUARDO M.
MEDRANO, ALVIN CHRISTOPHER V.
March 2010
ABSTRACT
There are different sources of energy that can be found anywhere in the world. It
can be renewable or non renewable. Nonrenewable sources of energy are those in the
line of fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas. On the other hand, renewable
energy sources are those naturally replenished, because they can be managed to last
forever, or because their supply is so enormous that they can never be meaningfully
environmental impacts than fossil and nuclear fuels. One of the renewable energy is the
biomass energy.
Biomass wastes, including forest residues, lumber and paper mill waste, crop
wastes, garbage, and landfill and sewage gas, can be used to produce heat,
transportation fuels, and electricity, while at the same time reducing environmental
burdens. Coconut husk is one of the biomass being generated in a large volume
everyday.
One of the most problems regarding the coconut husk is the air pollution because
of the ash it produced. Direct burning of coconut husk is not an efficient disposal
method because the emissions are harmful in the environment and requires the
To increase the efficiency of the fuel from the coconut husk and to solve the
proposed. In relation to this proposal, factors such as calorific value and density are
needed to be increased compare to that of the unpelletized coconut husk. For this to
happen, moisture content of coconut husk suitable for storing, proportion of coconut
The objective of the study was to develop a coconut husk pelletizing machine. It
aimed to fabricate the machine to which the preliminary testing was conducted. Different
moisture content of raw material must be evaluated. The different parameters were
established for the analysis and determination of the production rate and efficiency of
the machine. Through careful analysis, the researcher arrived for the desired output
The following conclusions were drawn based on the results presented. The
coconut husk can be more efficient as a fuel if it is mixed with the binder of cassava
flour and water since coconut husk and cassava flour have their own calorific value. The
higher the moisture content percentage, the lower the efficiency of the machine.
Pelletized coconut husk is denser than unpelletized one. It is better to burn the
pelletized coconut husk if it undergone natural drying for two (2) to three (3) since