Documenti di Didattica
Documenti di Professioni
Documenti di Cultura
CICLO: V
INTEGRANTES
LOPES LOPES
ZEGARRA LLANOS
AREQUIPA – PERU
2018
TRABAJO DE INVESTIGACIÓN ENSAYOS MECANICOS POR
COMPRENSIÓN PARA ACEROS.
Objetivo
Investigar, describir y analizar información sobre ensayos mecánicos para
probetas de acero por compresión y generar conocimiento de cómo es que se
elabora una probeta para hacer un ensayo.
Problema
Falta de conocimiento, información para la elaboración de una probeta, para
hacer ensayos por compresión, y determinar la resistencia del material,
deformación ante un esfuerzo por compresión.
Hipótesis
El objetivo está orientado principalmente a la determinación de los límites de
trabajo del elemento en cuestión: fuerza máxima, deformación a rotura, inicio de
grieta, etc.
Estos valores permitirán verificar que los diseños realizados teóricamente se
corresponden con los valores empíricos obtenidos en una simulación real de
trabajo.
PRESENTACION
2.- El carácter relativamente inestable de este tipo de carga en con traste con la
carga tensiva. Existe siempre una tendencia al establecimiento de esfuerzos
flexionantes ya que el efecto de las irregularidades de alineación accidentales
dentro de la probeta se acentúa a medida que la carga prosigue.
3.- La fricción entre los puentes de la máquina de ensaye o las placas de apoyo y
las superficies de los extremos de la probeta debido a la expansión lateral de ésta.
Esto puede alterar considerablemente los resultados que se obtendrían si tal
condición de ensayo no estuviera presente.
PRESENTATION
The term compression test is usually used to refer to tests in which a probe is being
subjected to a monoaxial load (increasing, ie, static) until failure occurs. In a
compression test, a piece of material is achieved at a load at the ends that produces
a crushing action.
With the exception of some arbitrarily shaped test pieces, the specimens are
cylindrical or prismatic in shape and of constant cross section along the length within
which the measurements are taken. The specimens in the attention are limited to a
length such that flaming due to the columnar action does not constitute a factor.
Thus, with some exceptions, an attempt has been made to obtain a uniform
distribution of the direct effort on the sections critical to the direction of the load. The
achievement of these conditions is limited by the shape and fidelity of the test piece,
by the effectiveness of the clamping and support devices, and by the action of the
test machine.
Although, as far as the direction and direction of the effort is concerned, the
compression is merely opposite to the tension, there are several factors that take the
most desirable stress test, or compression, in a specific case.
The most important of these factors are the following:
2.- The specific character of this type of load in the load with the tensile load. There
is a tendency to establish stresses that flex the effect of accidental alignment
irregularities within the probe that is accentuated at the speed the load continues.
3.- The friction between the bridges of the test machine or the support plates and
the surfaces of the ends of the probe due to the lateral expansion of this. This can
significantly alter the results that would be obtained if the test condition were not
present.
4.-The sectional, larger areas of the specimen for the compression test to obtain an
appropriate degree of the speed of the piece. This translates into the need for a
relatively large capacity test machine or specimens so small and, therefore, so short
that it is difficult to obtain adequately accurate strain measurements.