NEW EDITION CUE steed coursebook SEun sl PU maar PEARSON ENG TNC)"Unit 3 5 | Progress test 1 p55 @ | Progress test 2 14 12 Progress test 3 1a Exam information 4 Bands and fans 76 Relative values pis family Things that matter ‘happiness Batting nature survival Eat yourheart out! os food On camera Ahome from home p68 places Moving on Lucky break? Canaitanal forms sport Vietual friends feiendship Living on the edge adventure conaiona J meaning: wish and fry Crime scene 2120 crime Whe are you again? | Wo: memory Say what youmean 1s hero ae Subjecverbs ni p46 ‘communication Visuals for Speaking tests 2 Contents ration of adjectives 17 perere ajecives x15 af adectves anc presoitions p2 Negative efits 24 The arts 252 Wore formation fromvetbsp. Describing places p72 Travel and expressions with wort catch flow rach p12 2122 wih rasa eros with come p13) soaessons wth mira ps bs with ser meatings Communication activities 1.157 stching (Part?) Grammar reference 9,161Use of English 2 tele-choice doe Pat (ing forma lnguag ying p bse J ansmeting questions say Pa Par = Us linkers or con 7 ticle Par 2 ion Pa 2 org Part2) he eae nating say Par) Mi a Par newew Pat 2) 2 ong tun (Part) esting @ personal exper 09 > 7 Comparing and ing reaction Mulole-choice doze Par Mukiple choice shorter Discusion (Par 4 oe say Par 1) Xey word transformation’ Pat 3 tum ar 2 inludnga range structures 2 Se eters ad speculating se of application Pa 2 ors formation ar ative taskand discussion Pas 3 and 4) ing sm tral x9.39¢ : se iddsagree 26 ss 8 say Par) Word formation art Mubiolecrece Part) pid? ion Par) tence completion Pr 2 urn (Part) . ak Responding 1 you aphs pia P npleton Par2) Pan) par 1) | Long tun Pa nto Dosand: ana Writing reference 2179 Exam focus p200 Contents 3Exam information The Cambridge English: Fist examination is made up of four papers, each testing a different area of ability in English The Reaging and Use of English paperis worth 40 percent othe marks (80 marks), anc each ofthe other papers is worth 20 percent (40 marks each). There are ve grades. A B and Care pass grades; D and é are fal grades. Reading and Use of English (! hour |5 minures) “The Reading & Use of English paper has zeven parts Parts 1~4 contamn grammar and vocabulary tasks within tex or as discrete tems Paris 5-7 contain texts and accompanying reading comprehension tasks You write your answers on an answer sheet during the test | us | Vocabulary/Lexico-grarmmatical (Pores Task | You read 2 tex with eight gaps You choose tre best word or phrase tofitin each gap froma set | Mutpe-hoiecoze ofiouonon (48,CorD. Part2 GrammarA exico-grarnmatical | Open cloze [ast | Youreads tet wit eight gaps You have wo thnk of he most appropriate wordt fl each gan. | You must use ane wor ly. No options are provided. Part 3 VocabularyA.exco-grammatical Word formation Task | Youread a tex: with eight gaps. You are given the stems ofthe missing words in caplalsa the tends ofthe lines with gaps. You nave to change the form of each word tit the context Part 4 Focus | Gemmer end vocabulary Key word transformations jz: | There are six ters Youre given @ sentence and a ey word You have wo complete second, gapped sentence using the key word. The second sentence has a diferent grammatical structure | but must have similar meaning tothe origina, Parts etal opinion attitude, text organisation features eg exempification, reference), tone, purpose, Multiple-choice questions rain ide, implication - Task | There are six four option multiple-choice questions, You have to choose the correct option (A B,C |_| orb) based on the information in the text _ Part 6 Focus | Understanding text stucture, cohesion, coherence, global meaning Gapped text Task | Youread a text rom which six sentences have been remeved and placed in jumled order after the tex, There fs one extia sentence that you do not need to use You must decide from where in the tex the sentences have been removed, _ Part us | Specific information, deta, opinion and attitude ‘Multiple matching Task | You read ten questions or statements about text which has been divided into sections, several shore texts, You have to decide which section or text contains he information eating 10 each question or statement Writing (| hour 20 mir The Wtng paper dived nto two parts ard youhave to complete one should nat spend longer on one than another foes | Outing an Task | Parti compulsory ar theres n0 cho leand notes Youhaveto wit ular purpose secon a specific topic, context and target reader, Part 2 has tree tas to choose rom which may include: aletieroremall -anatticle -a report -a review. You have to write 140-196 words for Part 2 from each part Each answer carnes equal marks, so you Part oF quesions You hve sowrteanextybesec ona werd. ataskiora 4 Examinformationhave five mutes atthe end cf the exsm to transfer them to an answer sheet In each part you wil hear the texts twice The texts may be mono’ogues of conversations berween interacting speakers There vl be avanety of accents, Part ‘ocus | Each extract will have a diferent focus, which could be: main point, deta, aurpose ar location of Extracts with multiple- speech relationship between the speakers, attitude or opinion of the speakers. choice questi Weahaws . |Setseaueesione Task You hear eight shor, unrelated extracts oF about thirty seconds each. They may be monologues | ‘or conversations. You have to answer one three-option multiple-choice question (A Bor C) for exch extract Part2 Focus | Specfc information, deta, stated opinion Sentence completion 334 You hear a monologue lasting about three minutes. You complese ten sentences with information heard on the recording. Part3 Focus | Gist, detail function, attitude, purpose, opinion ‘Multiple matching Task You hear a series of five monologues, lasting about thirty seconds each, The speakers in each ‘extract are diferent, but the situations or topics are all elated to each other. You have to match ‘each speaker to one of eight statements or questions (A-H)-There ate three extra options that you donot need to use. - Part ‘Specific information, opinion, attde, gst, main ides | ‘Multiple-choice questions 754 | yoy hear an interview or conversation which lasts about three minutes. There are seven questions. | ‘You have tochoose the correct option (A, Bor | Speaking (approximately 4 m You take the Speslang tes wth a partner There are two examiners Ore s the intrlocuioy who speaks to you, and the other the “assess: who just tens There are four deren pars nthe test. Part | Focus | General interactional and social language reer Task The interlocutor asks each of you questions about yourself, such as where you come from or what I you doin your free time. Part2 Focus | Organising your ideas, comparing, describing expressing opinions - | Individuallongtum - [Task The inteiocutor ves you a par of photographs to compare, and to give a personal reaction to minutes) | ‘ives you a pair of hotogrect : P You speak by youself for about a minute while your partne listens. Then the interlocutor asks your partner a question related tothe topic. Only 2 short answeris expected You then change | roles. Part3 Interacting with your partner, exchanging Ideas, expresing and justiving opinions, agreeing Collaborative task (andor dseqreing, suanesting speculating, evaluating reaching adeckion trough negotiation | inres pte pe nn ious Tosh You ate vena taskio discuss together or 1-2 inutes based ona writen insrucionand romps. You tien have a minute to try and reach a decision together. Theres no ight or wrong | answer tothe taskand you don't have to agree with each othe isthe interaction between you | that is important | Part Focus Expressing and using opinions agreeing and disagreeing Discussion Fase The coy vandowen Task |The wterlocutor oth general questions related tothe topic of Part 3, and gives you the Discussion The iteocuor 25 you both gi lated tothe tor ives yout ‘chance to give your opinions on other aspects ofthe same topic For more information see the Writing reference (page 179), the General marking guidelines (page 194) and the €xain focus (page 200) Exam information 5Discuss the questions. 1. Whydo people ike listening to diferent kinds of ive music? 2. Whatdo you enjoy doing most playing a musica instrument, Iistening to musicat hore or going toa live gig? 3. Areyoua fan of particular band or rusical artist? What makes somieone a an"? 10un collocations EJ] Match the verbs in A with the activities in B. There may be more than one possibility. Example: go to/watch a fin A do go(to/outfor/on) have play B_ thecomputer computergames aDVD afilm —_football friendstound agig_theguitar_—apizza_—_ running shopping —thetheatre television yoga E) Add any other free time activities you can think of to list B. Put the verb it goes with in list A. ions ganda | © 01 Read and listen to the questions about free time. Underline the words which ate stressed, 1. How do you usualy relax when you have some free time? 2. What do you do when you stay in? Where do you go when you go out? 3. Doyou like being in a large group or would you rather be with a few close fiends? wering questLANGUAGE TIP ‘Adverbs of frequency (usually never, haudly ‘ere, etc) come before ‘emai verb and after ‘auntiary verbs such ashe Ihavety ever go shopping tm always busy. Longer adverbals (from time to ume, every day, nowand again, etc) can ‘come at the begining ‘orend of a sentence. Igorunning every eveniag Now and again play squash EXAM TIP Answerin full, giving reasons Avoid one- word answers and don't move away from the questian. SESE EE) © 0&2 Listen to the students’ answers and complete the gaps. 1 jusuallyfind... quite relaxing but it depends on 2. tend to .__...... on weekdays though | sometimes 3 is good fun. seamen helps ne to switch of 5. Imreally into 6 140 OUt soo senem HOW ANG again. [© Work in pairs. Ask and answer the questions in Activity 4. Interview (Part 1) listening to and answering questions OCUS p206 w EX {© in Part 1 of the Speaking paper, you answer some questions in which you give personal information and opinions. Match questions 1-7 to topics A-E. What kind of music do you enjoy listening to? Do you have any brothers or sisters? ‘What do you like about the place where you were brought up? ‘What subject did you enjoy most at school? ‘What do you think youll be doing in fve years'time? \Where do you think youll go on holiday this year? Tell us about your closest friend. your personal relationships your home town your job or studies your free time activities E_ yourfuture plans ONe@> Vanauna [Ey Add two more questions to each topic A-E. Use question words such as what (kind), when, how (many), who, why, where. ©) Gos Listen to Julia and Stefan and answer the questions. 11 Which ofthe questions in Activity 7 were they each asked? 2. Did they answer them in enough detail? 3 Did they vary their tone of voice? 4 What did Stefan say when he didn't understand the question? [1 Choose one question from each topic in Activities 7 and 8 and ask your partner. Unit 1Barcsandions 7Speaking By Look at the photos and discuss the questions. 1 When do you think these phot 2 What kind of music do you think the peopl 3 Why do groups of young people get together like this Gapped text (Part 6) » EXAM FO! p20; BI You are going to read a magazine article about music sub-cultures. Read the text quickly. How does the writer answer the question in the title? Like-minded music fans have been bonding Pere ie eel sc way out? eon eon Peer Me Mrs Guu a NL emer Pir ere Cn eet Ue perple who fullowed the very different kinds of musi, by Ween enn cma auch ox their behaviout in general. The style-canscinus Bene rac teers aie Reren cient ern cman teeta Ae ert eC em nus Peeters: porn MirekcmmCn mca nia un aa celia peerireenn earn ference cL perenne tec CRs Sere Rt te acne ao an't always tell what music someone Those daye you Punnett shy Peenneaaeienr ata to hold on tight to their cultural identity, which means that, although tribes still exist, they are looser and peevineriped est cr eee now aecessed in very diffcrant ways, Pernreesee nn MCR nas emer era eerie Peet pee ooo erent ae iene Pee | Pree en eas Renee kDa Peres: Mnuiiis CD -moans you wouldn't be exploring any other music, peer eet nee ce Poca cura mei) Music writer and teacher Noi! Kulkarai observes that pvene ec cst ata participated in with pride or any form of aggressi0n. Evie aetna en rg eu Pema ym en Reco RR ca rape ITN Tt re a ieee nun cee ures Preeti ues ee Pea Lok aa een ems Poem incest rn a a ea poy er Ren rent a eR eae een ar peering Se ae peepee sere aon als ae ae rea Perret ere eCopt takes resis cern race Mase communication has meant that sharing Pes > Ws Beret et at sy a eee ean aL pee eer end rncrnerioa rather than from fans buying music or concert me 0 longer restricted to young, people peer cece ee oes Peer ee tsar ices ier ase that they areRead the first two paragraphs again and answer the questions. 1. In the fist paragraph, what do these impressions and theyin line 5 refer back to? What does they refer to in line 127 2. In the second peragraph, which words in the answer (Gentence F) link to the topic and vocabulary? How does neither link back? What does they refer to? Six sentences have been removed from the article, Choose from sentences A-G the ‘one which fits each gap. There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use, EXAM TIP Laok fr linking words and phrases in the options sssvch link to the ideas and language {eg.connecting vords, synonyms, pronouns which link to nouns) in the sentences before and after each gap ‘A Sodoes that mean that tribes are, in fact, expanding rather than dying? B Another consequence of this is that all kinds of music are now found much ‘more in the mainstream However the freedom of simply listening to whatever you want, ‘whenever you want more than makes up far that feeling, D_ Which appears to show that. ifa pop tribe means, anything these days it seems to be about a set of {astes, ther than a stage of life you go through before reaching adulthood. 2 Neither have they experienced a time when they were limited to tracks they coul hear on the radio or get on a cassette from fiends F Does the lack of very isble teenage tribes matter for the health of pop culture? G Anda lot of youngsters are now finding that their taste overiaps with other groups ‘Compare your answers and give reasons for your choices. What sub-cultures exist in your country? In what ways can you identify people in these sub-cultures by the way they dress and the music they like? Vocabulary deducing words in context J) Look at these words and phrases and choose the correct meaning, Which clues in the text helped you? Example: scooters’ and ‘all day’ might help youto understand roam around! 1. roam around (para 1) A cause trouble B travel with no real purpose 2 comeacross para 1) A appear tobe B find by chance 3. track (option E) A a narrow path or road B a piece of music or song froma CD 4 make up for(option C) A improve a bad situation B do something to show you ate sorry 5 inthe mainstream (option B) A conventional B respected 6 tastes (option D) A experiences of something B things you vdsandifans 9> GRAMMAR REFERENCE p176 Look at the sentences and decide whether they should be in the simple or continuous form. Then discuss why. 1 My son’ always downloading/aiways downloads music instead of getting on with his work 2 | work/m working overtime this month while the music editor ison sick eave, 3 Someone plays/s playing the piano. Can you hear it? 4 Diclyou know that band comes/s coming irom my home town? 5 | get/m getting better at recognising classical music. 6 | take/m taking my Pod everywhere Match the uses of the present simple and present continuous with the examples in Activity 1. a repeated action/nabit a permanent situatiorvfact an activity happening at the moment of speaking an activity in progress but not at this exact moment a changing or developing stuation ‘emphasises repetition of typical (often annoying or surprising) behaviour amone> 10 Grit Band LAN TIP JAGE ‘Verbs such as beleve ov, belong, ike, understand, know, ear are not usually used in the continuous form because they describe states, not actions Some verbs can be used in both the simple and Continuous form with different meanings see what you mean, (see= understand) Im seeing her next week, (see= meet) Look at the pairs of sentences and say why the speaker has used the present simple or continuous in each case. 1A B A B A 8 A 8 A 8 6A B | hawe a ticket to see Lady Gaga, (fm having a shower That singer appears to be doing wel. Eminemisapnearing at the V Festival He's being really kind, He's really kind, Hels thinking about joining a band, think that band is really good. itdepends on how much money Ive got. tim depending on her to organise everything, This soup tastes good, Joe's tasting the soup. Complete the sentences with the present simple or present continuous form of the verbs in brackets. 1 2 3 Icantt hear what you ... A Ven when you! {note} pop music. (appear) in Manchester ll week _-~ (9). ts t00 loud _-~ (think its dangerous to listen to your Pod riding a bike 5 You can never have a conversation with her — she {always check) her phone for messages. 6 Thatband (gen more and more popular TF We one Often go) 0 a jazz club on Friday nights, B YOU (be) very dificult today! Write sentences about three things that 1. you do ona regular basis, 2. youare doing now (but not at this exact moment) J Compare your sentences in pairs. Do you have anything in common?Vocabulary phi BB) Match the phrasal verbs in 1-5 with meanings A-E. 1 His career took offs soon as he won the prize: he's so talented 2. He takes after his father, who’ also really musical 3. | took up the saxophone last yea. ‘Tom took over as the band’s manager when, Sam left 5 made him take back what he iy taste in music. idabout have similar characteristics become responsiole for something anactvity admit you are wrong become successful monw> Multiple-choice cloze (Part |) » EXAM EF ©) Read the text about a musician quickly and say what is different about Josh Freese’s relationship with his fans. Don’t worry about: the gaps yet. BD Look at the example. Why are options A, B and D wrong? 1 Now look at the options for gap 1 and answer the questions. 1. Which ofthe verbs A-D can be followed byon 2 Choose the phrase which means familar with. 1D For questions 2-8, decide which answer (A, B, Cor D) best fits each gap. EXAM TIP Hipkabout which word might fit the gap efor looking at the options Check each ie ofthe gap to make sure that the option ‘choose goes with the other words JSE OF ENGLISH FOCUS | 1 1B) Look at questions 4 and 8 again and check you have chosen the correct phrasal verb. Discuss the questions. 1 Do you think this s@ good way for artists to promote their music? 2 Would any of these offers attract you? Drumming up business Josh Freese is a very successful session drummer (0) .C. based... in Los Angeles. You probably won't have O) of him but he's played with some very successful bands. When Freese (2) ...nenne his ist slo album, called Since 1972, he decided to set up a system where fans could buy something unique. BY 3)...» with fans directly, he hoped to sell more of his music. The CD didn’t cast much but if you paid $50 for it, you ‘would also get a personal five-minute ‘thank you" phone call Sales ofthe album quickly took (4) wnosnsewes » But there were other limited options which gave fans the opportunity to meet Freese in O)... The option to have lunch with Freese for $250 (6) oesscneae OUF IN about a week. Fans could also ”. an individual drum lesson from Freese for $2,500. ‘There were other offers ranging from $10,000 to $75,000. Not all of these were taken 8)... by fans, but a teenager from Florida actualy purchased the $20,000 option and spent a week on tour with Freese. © Asiwuated Bloated C based =D ved 1 Arecognised B noticed heard D known, 2 Arrcleased — B sent € presented D brought 3 A joining —B ciiscussing_€ contacting D_ communicating 4 Boater B back C off Dup 5 Aperson —B front € lite D face 6 A stayed B gave © sold D let 7 Aachieve — Brecewe CC collect, =D gain 8 A over B back C off Dup Unit + Sand: snoS Multiple matching (Part 3) > EXAM FOCUS p:205 [fy] Tick the statements which are true for you. ‘Then compare with a partner. Alike following band members on Facebook ‘and Twitter, B These days! only download music thar’ fre. © Ithink the videos 2 band makes are just as important as their music. D_ Most people haven't heard of the music lke My music tastes are quite varied, F [spend a lot of time listening to music at home with fiends. G Loften discover new bands through personal recommendations, H_ prefer listening to live music BB Gos You will hear five people talking about listening to music. Listen to Speaker 1. Which things does he mention? his taste in music new bands Ey Look at extracts from Speaker 1 (1-4). Which one matches one of the statements A-H in Activity 1? 1 Now tm just into the same stuff as my fiends — hip hop manly. 2 | don’ usually bother with Twitter or Facebook 3. Mygroup of friends are always sharing music files and tellingeach other about new discoveries. I've found a lot of new bands that way. 4 They'll only listen to new bands that no one’s heard of |t's just 2 way of showing off, think [Ed 605 Now listen to Speakers 2-5. Match statements from the list A-H in Activity 1 with what each speaker says, Use the letters only once, There are three extra letters which you do not need to use. EXAM TIP Listen for words and phrases that are synonyms or paraphreses of the key words inthe statements, [Ey Compare your answers in pairs. Then listen again to check. Speaking [Gj Work in pairs and discuss the questions. 1 Which speaker's opinions are the most similar to yours? 2. Howare your listening habits and attitudes to music similar to or different from your partner's? 12 Unit toHabit in the past » GRAMMAR REFERENCE p. 168 [BU] Look at the sentences and answer the questions. used to be obsessed wrth musi videos When | wos growing up, my mum would lay 19705 music and dance around the kitchen. Is she still obsessed with music videos? Did her mother often listen to 1970s' music? Which underlined verb describes a past state? Which underlined verb describes a past habit? Which of the underlined verbs can you use to describe: both pest states and habits? LANGUAGE TIP Be careful not to confuse used to do (describing past habit) ‘with be/get used to daing (oe accustomed to something in the present) used to hate classical music (= but now | like it) Jam used to being alone (= W's something that happens a Jotand I don't mind it) weune By Look at sentences 1-4, Is it possible to use both would and used to? 1_My parents would always listen to classical music while we were having dinner, 2 Myparents used to go toa jazz festival every year 3 My dad used to have a really old radio. 4 Mymum used to know all the words to every song by Madonna E) Complete the text with the present simple, present continuous, used to or would forms of the verbs in brackets. Sometimes more than one answers possible. Speaking 1 Discuss the questions with a partner. 1. How doyou think the write’ children feel about her taste in music? 2 What kind of music did you use to listen to when you were younger? What did your parents think of it? 3 How doyou think your taste in music will change as you getolder Sa My life asa Insurance broker Sarah Collins might have a boring day job, but she’s a punk at heart. L always say that the best time of my life was WRERT (1) oo. cumen (De) a punk, It's a time that I look back on fondly and Tstill (2)... (smile) when I think of those wonderful people, their fantastic haircuts and clothes and their great personalities. On Saturdays 1 (3). the Kings Road in London. 1(4)... _. (meet) punks from all over andwe (5). (just walk around), sit in the pubs, look in the shops and get searched by the police. That was a very good way to spend a Saturday. Now I'm in my fifties.1(6) (work) in insurance and I've got three children. But just recently I've started to return to my punk roots. Although I @ (ge) older, I've realised still (8) __ (love) going to gigs and hanging around with punks. 1(@9) (discover) fantastic new bands and I (10)... .. enjoy) myself so much! (go) down Unit 1 Band:SSS Informal email (Part 2) IE Which of the expressions 1-4 could you use to end the email to Josh? p> WRITING REFERENCE p82 1. Hope to hear from you soon. . 2 look forward to hearing from you. I Diseuss the questions with partner. 3 Lotucceusveumtiesenne 1. How easy sit to see live music where you live? 4 Dontt hesitate to get in touch if you have any more 2 Would you travel abroad to-go to a music festival or concert? questions 3 What advice would you give to someone whois visiting —— your country about where to see five music? LANGUAGE TIP ‘You can use punctuation to make your writing more Ey Read the exam task and answer the questions. informal Dashes (1 ate often used mstead of commas, 1 Who do you have to write to? for example, and exclamation marks ()) are often used. 2. Whyare you writing? 3 What kind of style do you have to write in? [By Read the exam task and tick the information You've received an email rom your English friend Josh you could include in your email to Max. Read this part of the email and write your email to Josh. You have ceed an emai fioma student caied 2. ‘Max. Read this part of the email and write your I'm really looking forward to visiting you this summer. eral to Max If possible, I¢ really ko to sbe some live music. Can you o telime what kind of music's popular with you and your Taare? How eeay ist to get Tekets for concerns? im moving your town soon o got colege, | Can you teli me what kind of things there are to Thanks do in the evening for students and what you lke Josh doing best? ~ Thanks ite your email in 140-190 words in an appropriate Mon sty. ‘rite your email in 140-190 words in an EE} Look at the model email and choose the word or aoproprite ye phrase which is most appropriate for an informal email. recommend some paces 10.60 i gy 2, ofertotake Maxout one evening 3. tell him about the most expensive restaurants in your town complain about the jack of entertainment venues eseribea typical evening out in detail describe your favounte kind of evening out and why really ooking forward to your visit too! I's good you want to see some live music while you're here because in my town (1) there’s @ music festival evary summefan anrwel music festival takes place end (2) you will have the opportunity/you'il be abe ‘0 ‘588 lots of locel bends pley. None of them is very famous but there's aus 2 fantastic atmosphere there and | always (8) find it very enjoyeble/ you tice it nioy going a lot, The tckats are very reasonable and you can spend the winole day there. OF course, lke al my friends, I'm (4) mainly [Fl Write informal) or F (formal) next to the Interested in/have @ preference for rock bands but you can find reggae and traditional music there too (6) ~ you won't be isappointed phrases 1-6. ecu tar’s srg fr ovenone ofessomea for 1 woud sévseyouts... $ Youshoulddefritey ‘There aren't any large music venues near where | live, so t's not that. 2 The best place to eat is ty eeraltns topo to big concerts very ctten (6) Buttiowever, one cf 3 Youreellymustgoto... © lahighly recommend my fevourte bands, Mystery Jets, playing inthe nearest city on visiting Za August 90 (7) you like, lcouldit you're intrested, 16 be wiliag | 4 you feel ike dancing toget tickets for us to go to thet. there's a. good club in (8) Lot mo know what you think Please reply 85 soon &s possible, Alice (©) write your email, using some of the language 7 from Activities 3 and 6. Then check your work using the writing checklist on page 179. Nae EXAM TIP Don't mac informal and formal styles in your eral, Learn some different ways of starting and ending informal emails 14 Unit 16EE] Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence. Use between two and five words, including the word given. Example: was given responsibility for booking gigs for our band. over Last month | tek ever booking gigs. for our band. 1 enjoyed learning to pla the gurtar and It like to take Lup again one day USED Hl leaning to play the guitar and I like to take It up again one day. 2. Wealways went to the jazz fesival every July WOULD We naennn tO the jazz festival every July. 3. | perform in front of people all the time, so don't mind doing USED I eceaneasenth front of people, s0 | dorit mind daing ft. 4. Hercareerwas an instant appeared on a TVadvert TOOK Her career onaTVadvert 5 Unfortunately, m not ike my grandfather, who could play the piano really well AFTER Unfortunately, my grandfather, who could play the piano realy well 6 When we started going out, Ihated my boyfriend's taste in music but tS becoming less of a problem ‘USED | my boyfriend’ taste in music but i's becoming less of a problem success as soon as she as soon as she appeared EB) complete the sentences with the present iple or present continuous form of the verbs in brackets. 1 (not ike) classical music 2 | don't understand what you... (say) Can you say again, please” 31 (not think) its a good idea to leam an Instrument when youre too young 4 She's neverat home. She. sc = something in the evening, 5. Traditional music ‘more popular 6 You (always do) (get) more and (piay) really well today EX Choose the correct word to complete the sentences. 1 Iuyand _funning as often as I can. Ago Bdo Cdong D gong 2 often have frends ....... nthe evening, Ain -Bround € along D down 3. Let’sgo the theatre soon, Aout Bio Cto Dat 4 Hess always on the computer to check his messages A doing B having C gong D watching i Complete the text with the words in the box. concerts downloaded tastes collection released available fens once Dee ert cai ar iDiscuss the questions. 11 How do you think your friends would describe your personality? 2. What personality characteristics do you shate with other members of your farily? ‘J Do the personality quiz. Quite Neither likely Quite Very fikely nor unlikely unlikely unlikely Ts ye 7a Quid Turn to page 157 to get your results. Then complete sentences 1-450 they're true for you. 1 Im (very/quite) (unylikely to 3 Imgoodat... -ing. 2 Itend to 4 | find it difficult to ‘Compare your sentences with a partner's and discuss the questions. 1 How much do you have in common? 2. What did you learn from your results? 3. Doyou think this is an accurate test of personality? 16 Unit2 lative valveEXAM TIP It's important to think about the mearing, not just zhe grammer. Sometimes you have to decide fan adjective is postive or negative Vocabulary © copy and complete the table with the adjective forms of the nouns in the box. caution comfort. drama emotion generosity harm hope love meaning person pessimist prediction reliability sympathy eS a fil pecied (though [5 © ve Mark the stress on each adjective, then listen and check. Practise saying the words. Which ones stress different syllables from the noun form? BD which adjectives use the suffix -less or the prefix un- to form the negative? Examples: hopeless uncomfortable Word formation (Part 3) > EXAM FOCUS p20! ED) Read the text quickly without worrying about the gaps. What problem with describing people’s personalities is mentioned? How well do you know yourself? ‘When trying to understand our own or other people's (0) .behavioser , we tend to over-simplfy things, We use one or BEHAVE ‘wo adjectives to sum each other up. We think of one friend as having a generally (1) _ and positive outlook, while HOPE another friend is considered (2) and negative. PESSIMIST Of course, in (3). . Mone of us is 80 easily defined. REAL ‘The truth is that we are all made up of inconsistent and contradictory (4) omen i We CAN be SeriOUS and reliable with «CHARACTER, ‘our colleagues at work but in our personel relationships at home wwe are more (5) and emotional. With some friends we PREDICT ‘can be very cautious, while we are (6)... thrillseokers ADVENTURE with other friends. ‘So can people be neatly divided into personality types? Or do we alter our personality according to the (7) ........ In our DIFFERENT ‘changing moods and situations? Perhaps the idea of a fixed personality is just a (8) misconception. Maybe we can MEANING. never truly understand ourselves or other people. ©) what part of speech goes in each gap? Ifit’s a noun, is it singular or plural? {ID Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line. Unit 2 eats values 17ple choice (Part 4) OCUS p205 BD Discuss the questions. 11 What do you think isthe ideal numberof children in family? Why? 2. Are older children mote or less independent than their younger siblings? Why? You're going to listen to a radio interview with a psychologist called Max about birth order, Read the first question in Activity 4 and underline the key words in the statement and the options. © oF Listen to the first part of the interview. 1 Which key words, or words with a similar meaning to the statement and options, dic you hear? 2. Which option correctly completes the staternent? ED © oe Read through questions 1-7 and underline the key words. Then listen and choose the best answer, A, B or C. EXAM TIP The radio presenter’s questions will help you to follow the discussion, so you know which question you should be listening for 1 Max says that people mistakenly believe that ‘oldest children A. are likely to do well in the future. B willbe happier than their siblings. are cfien very independent at young age 18 Unit2ielatve value 2. According to Max, what Is the reason for oldest children's results in intelligence tests? A Parents expect more from the oldest chil B Oldest children spend more time alone. € The oldest child benefits from teaching younger siblings 3 What tyoical characteristic of oldest children does Max share? A Hels very competitive B_ He experienced jealousy ofa sibling, He always wanted to please his parents, 4. Max says thet youngest children can often be A confident. B creative © cautious. 5 What do some psychologists believe isikely to increase the birth order effect? A alarge age gap between siblings B families with three or more siblings © having siblings of the same sex 6 Max suggests that the best combination fora successful mariage Is between people who are Doth A oldest children. B middle children © third-bomn children, 7. According to Max, why should we be cautious about the'birth order effect’? ‘A. Personality can also be affected by other things. B Personality can change when people are away from ther fariies, € Personality is too complicated to define simply. J Compare your answers with a partner. Then isten again to check, Speaking }] Workin pairs. How well do you get on with your siblings? What impact has the‘birth ‘order effect’ had on your family?Adverbs > GRAMMAR REFER 61 Underline the adverbs in sentences A-D. Then answer the questions. A. They will have to work very har! to make their marriage work It could be difficult for them to get on wel. ‘They are alowed to grow up more slowiy. Itcan have hardly any impact on large families. one Which adverbs are irregular? \Which words can be both an adverb and an adjective? Choose the correct adverb. \aroly-hard know ry brother because he's so much older than me, {try hore/haraly to get on with my brothers and sisters, He's been feeling depressed laterite My mother had children fatelyoe in Iie My parents ive closehy/close to me ‘We studied the results ofthe test close/cosely. auaun Vocabulary djecti extr Match adjectives 1-6 with extreme versions A-F. dificult intelligent angry frightened tied big enormous tenified exhausted impossible baillant mmONwer aueuna auruna Which adverbs in the box give the sentencea completely absolutely very abit fairly Hes quite inteligent Hels really cautious. Shes really impossile to.get on with. She's a really good person. Hea realy amazing person, He can be quite dificult Choose the correct adverb(s) to form the rules. Reallyery can be used with any adjective in order to intensty meaning. Completely and absolutely Realy and very are only used with extreme adjectives Quite/A bit is ony used when making a citcisrm with adjectives with a negative meaning. Speaking Complete sentences 1-3 with phrases A-C to make statements you agree with, Discuss your sentences with a partner, Do you agree? It fairly easy Its quite hard. Is absolutely impossible to judge a person's character from their appearance. to get on with everyone in your family for parents to treat all their children equally.Colin Firth in The Kings Speech phi How would you feel if you hada brother or sister who was gifted or famous? 1 2 Itip < 3 io, 4 ‘ “4 5 > EXAM FOCUS p2 6 5] Youare going toreadanarticein 7 which four people talk about their ® relationship with their brother or sister. Read the text quickly and find out which person is 1 1 atwin 2 the oldest 3 amidde chit 4 the youngest of four. 4 20 Unit 2Felative value Look at the underlined words in Activity 4, question 1, What information would you expect to find in the text? Check your answer in extract A. Underline the key words in the options and then read through the texts {quiclly to find a similar word or expression which says the same thing in a different way. J For questions 2-10, choose from the people (A-D). The people may be chosen more than once. Which person A ithe suc ping? (4 remembers hav ings abi when a sibling we ised to try not to get invol diy be 1g because of sibling rivalry? ‘a sibling relationship? once stopped doing someth now finally appreciates the value: felt rather int could depend ona sibling for practical advice as a child? thinks people can get labelled too easily? noticed howa sibling was treated differently as a child? was too cautious to take up a much-wented career? aT | regards a sibling as the most efficient person in the family? Gel pre ond fa sibling? Which sibling relationship in the article did you find most interesting? Why? Match the underlined phrasal verbs in the article with meanings 1-8. organise something escape ne) leave denly become successful admire arrive unexpectedly Work in pairs and discuss the questions. Who do you look up to? Jave you ever set your heart on ing! sessions regularly and get rid of things you sort out yout you don't need? Where would you lke to get away to?= PELATIONSHIPS: rth, voike casey; wister to ser Sots ‘As the older brother, Colin was protective of me. As a toonager, I looked upto him because he was much more capable and confident than T was. I was Jealous of his arty friends because I felt [ had to be safe and conventional and go to university 4s our parents expected us to. Golin could have gone but he had set his heart on drama school. 1 desperately ‘wanted to act too but never had his courage, although I did aet fora while, as did my younger brother, Jonathan. Our parents didn’t think that suecess but an ootor was 0 real poe Colin and I shared a strong belief that one day we would make it. In my first year at university he did Hamlet and 1 sat there feeling teribly proud and JeAIOUS at the same time because he was doing exacdy what I wanted do, After that his career took off. SVer onc? ‘When Wil was three, he pecked a ssuitease with toys and ran away from hhome. I think ke arly got about four Iilometres down the road before be was found but I remember feeling GRAMMAR By Match examples A-E in Activity 2 with rules 1-5. Use -ing aier some verbs(_D_) 2 after prepositions ( } 3 aftersome expressions (mom) Use infinitive after some Verbs (amen) 5 after some verbs + obje LANGUAGE TIP Some verbs (e.g. make, et are followed by object + Infinrtive without to: | made her tidy up, Some verbs (eg love) can be followed by «ng or infintave vith tle or no change in mneaning liowe riding/to ride To form a negative, use not before the verb hate nat going He told ment to.g0 22 1 For sentence pairs 1-5, choose the correct options and explain the between each pair. srence in meaning 1A My mother stopped making/to make lunch because the phone rang. B My mother stopped making/te make lunch because we were hungry, 2A Dad tried phoning/to phone but nobody answered B Ded tried phoning/to phone but he couldn't remember the number, so he gave up. 3A The kids remembered buying/to buy Grandma a present and write acard for her. B The kids remembered buying/to buy Grandma a present but couldn't find it again later. 4. A My father went on hoving/to have children until he was in his sities. B My father went on having/to have children with my 5 A [egret teling/o tell you that all train services have been cancelled B I regret telng/to tell you because now youre upset i Read the article quickly. What did Ben like and dislike about having famous parents? ©) Complete the text with the -ing or the infinitive form of the verbs in brackets. Work in pairs. Imagine you have become a celebrity. Talk about what you love, can afford, regret, don’t mind, can’t stand, etc.Collaborative task (Part 3) agreeing and disagreeing » €X/P4 FOCUS 9207 [Ei] Look at the photos and the exam task and discuss the question. ‘a grandparent “0 (© 16 Listen to Alana and Federico. Which of the relationships do they discuss? Why do they think they're important? EX copy and complete the table with the phrases in the box. Which of the expressions of agreement are uncertain? Sodol/Neitherdo|. — fmnot convinced. That’svery true, Good point. ‘im not sure about that. |see what you mean, but... | suppose so Ok, but... What about you? What's your view on that? Ihadrit thought of that. Exactly! Well, actually ... ‘Agreeing —_Disagreeing politely _| Asking opinions 2 Work in pairs and decide which person might have the most influence on a young person’s life, You have a minute to do this. EXAM TIP Give your opinions but make sure you also listen to your ppartner, Ask about thelr opinions and respond to what they say. ) Discuss the following questions. 7 Which people do you think have had the most influence on different stages of your life? 2. Dofamilies sometimes get closer as they get older? WhyMWhy not? 3. What ae the advantages and disadvantages of belonging to abig family? Unit2 Relative values 23,Essay (Part |) » WRITING REFERENCE p.180 1) Work in pairs. Read the exam task and essay title and think of some advantages and disadvantages of both situations. In your English class you have been discussing farnily relationships. Now your teacher has asked you to write an essay. Write an essay using all the notes and give reasons for your point of view. Write 140-190 words. Is it better to have a small or a large age ED which of the sentences in Activity 2 is it also possible to use although? 24° Unit2®: [El Read the essay and find where the three points from Activity 1 are mentioned. Isit better te have a small ora large age difference between siblings? 1 thinkits hard to say whether it's better to have siblings of a similar age oF much older er younger because all families are different We cas't judge preperly what it would be ike to be ina different situation. (1) However/Even though we might like the idea of having o boby brother or sister, we can't judge what that would be like ineaity. But think the greatest advantage of having a small age gap is ‘that when you're a child, you have Someone to play with. As well 05 this, you have fo learn to share your toys, instead of just keeping ‘them to yourself. This mokes playing with ather children outside the family easier. (2) Although/Hewever, there’ likely to be much more competition vith a sibling who close in age because they may be jealous of each other “The danger With having a large age gap is that you may not have 2a close relationship when you're grown up becouse you don't have the same shared memories. (8) On the other hand,/While the age gop becomes less important as you get older, soit always possible to make friends with your sibling as adults. Speaking from my ow experience, having a sister who's only two years younger has been ideal. (4) Whereas/ Despite being quite different, we've always got on and we're good friends now we're aduits. By Underline the reasons the student gives for her point of view. Decide whether you agree and compare with a partner. (Dy Read the essay again and choose the correct linking word or phrase. LANGUAGE TIP Some linking words can be used at the beginning or in the middle ofa sentence, eg, although, though, even though, while James is good frends with his brother, atthougi theres o 15g age diference between ther Although theresa bg age aiffeence between them, James ‘good fnends wth his brother However usually comes at the beginning ofa sentence and ts followed by a cornma, BD Work in pairs. Turn to page 157 and do the exam task. EXAM TIP ‘There are no nght or wrong answets to the question. The important thing isto make sure you include all three paints in your essay and explain your point of wew[Bi] Complete the second sentence so that it hhas a similar meaning to the first sentence, You must use between two and five words, including the word given. 11m going to throw away all those ofd newspapers tomorrow RID im going to newspapers tornorraw 2. Peter has always admired his uncle for everything he has achieved LOOKED Peter has always everything he has achieved 3. She didn't know | was coming ~Ijust arrived Uunexpectealy on her doorstep. TURNED She dict know | was coming = just : on her doorstep 4 After fifteen years, the company suddenly becarne successful TOOK The company suddenly been running for fifteen years, 5 Not many people become successful nthe world of acting MAKE Not many people a of acting 6 Oliva has told me she wants to escape toa hot country this summer GET Olivia has told me she wants to. to a hot country this summer all those old his uncle for after ithad Inthe world Ey correct the mistake in each of the sentences. He tred really hardly to get uickets for you The cinemas fatty closely tothe station The football results were absolutely close. She finished late and | was very funous with her They spoke free about their dificult childhood Itwas hardly dark but he was completely tightened hwould be a bit bliant f we won the Cup Final She's been working very hardy lately @vaunswnae Ey complete the sentences with the adjectives inthe box. cautious confident creative independent practical sociable Whereas m quite shy about speaking in public, my brother's always been Even at the age of eighty-five, my gran never hikes relying on other people, Shes very My husband's not very good at doing things with his, hands. He’ not atal ‘prefer my own company but my sisters are the opposite, they all really ‘My father paints and writes realy well He's always been really - lam not prepared to take risks any more Im getting more and more. ‘Complete the sentences using the correct form of the word in capitals. My new carisnitas as |hoped rt would be RELY Molly's storys very don't know where she gets her ideas from IMAGINE My children will never try any new foad.They aren't very ADVENTURE Idortt think youre beIng Very... yu-ea-e aan about how much we can finish REAL tim absolutely _at languayes. Iyust canttdo them HOPE | explained 'd beentll but the boss wart at al SYMPATHY ) Complete the sentences with the correct Noaunwna alternative. regretted not having/to have a car to drive Held like us workina/to work late this even’ng im not very good at eunning/to run. Have you remembered locking/te lack the doar? Melanie has promised inviting/to invteus to stay. She stopped working/to work and had a rest. The teacher made me to fnshfiish my work before | lft. Jim asked me not to/to not speak Unit2 Ruawe> EXAM FOCUS p.202 Read the question stems and highlight the part of the text which answers each ‘question Then read the four ‘options very carefully and decide on the answer. What matters to you? Put the things in the box in order of importance. ids interests possessions education/career family Read the title and first paragraph of the newspaper article and guess what it will be about. Then read the rest of the article and check. Read the article again. For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which you think fits best according to the text. What isthe writer's attitude towards foozball fans at matches? A She's impressed by their behaviour B_ She’ astonished by how they can afford tickets, CC. She's embarrassed by how irresponsible they are. D_ She's sympathetic towards the strength of their emations, What does itrefer to in line 142 A anuglyside B passion € football D a penalty shoot-out ‘The waiter thinks everyone should have @ passion because AA. it puts them in touch with their basic emotions. B it encourages affectionate behaviour. it gives them an excuse to take time off work D_itmakes everything else in life seem unimportant. What does thin on the ground mean in line 77? A unimpressive B infrequent © inflexible D unexpected5 The writer mentions Wimbledon to show that A its not only football which inspires strong feelings. Ba wide range of people enjoy this kind of event, sports spectators can behave uncharacteristcaly D_ people often behave badly to get ont. 6 The writers main purpose is to encourage her readers to A become sports fans. B have an enthusiasm for something. show their emotions openly. D enjoy themselves more. ©) Work in pairs. Do you know anybody who has a passion for something? Have you ever had a passion in common with a member of your family? Vocabulary [Ey choose the correct preposition. Then ask your partner these questions. 1 What are you interested in/at? What do you find boring? 2 Whore you frightened with/of? ‘What do you find frightening? 3 What do you sometimes feel worried about/in? 4 Who or what do you get annoyed of/ by? 5. What do you sometimes feet embarrassed in/by? Wo do you find embarrassing? 6 What do you get excited withvabout? LANGUAGE TIP -ed adjectives describe how you feet about something tim boredwith ths TY programme ~ing adjectives describe the noun This programm s0 boring, tino 14 All you need is love (and a scarf) Goma mea with their Sheads buried in each others shoulders or hidden behind shaking hands. Young mothers shouting with joy. This is what last Saturday’ penalty shoot-out for the European Cup produced. If you missed the semi-final, then try and catch the European Cup Final on television tomorrow. Then you'll see what passion does to people, And, while having an ugly side, it is, in fact, more likely to enrich our lives and make us better people. ‘Today, supporters are gathering for the big match. Fans who could not afford the fare to travel abroad have sold their car. Others have borrowed from relatives they once promised themselves they would never borrow from again. And many will tura up without any accommodation or even a match ticket. Despite this, they will be relieved just to be there, to be part of it all. It might sound like madness but, as one who is going and is incredibly excited about it, T can tell you T feel extremely fortunate. Passion should not be confused with obsession, There are those who live in a dream state, madly in love withsomeone they will never meet — because he is a dead singer or a famous actor who is unlikely ever to visit their hometown — and therefore unable to form real relationships. However, there are also ordinary people — sensible parents, husbands, employeesandemployers— whose interests are much more healthy and straightforward. Their emotions are also linked to forces they cannot control, but they are to be admired for it. Maybe some people are incapable of finding a passion, but if 50, they are missing out Passions are deep, full of joy and pain, teaching you how to sob when you féel hurt, how to deal with disappointment, how to sing with enthusiasm in public (not easy). Because of them you might end up hugging a complete stranger or making new friends, They help you to feel part of a community and hhave something to tease your neighbour about. They are a great way for families to bond together; many dads insist that they are spending their time fishing or playing chess because when, actually, they are delighted to ‘become absorbed by something outside home, job or money of joy are normally thin on the ground. ine 77 The birth of your child, your wedding day, a pay rise are all lovely and a reason to do something special, but they do not happen every week. IF you happen to follow a football or rugby team, there are celebrations all the time, For some, a passion can be switched on and off — which is better than not having a passion at all, I suppose. Witness the behaviour that tennis brings about at the annual two-week UK. tennis tournament at Wimbledon. Calm, controlled middle-aged women are suddenly prepared to camp overnight on damp pavements in London and squeal encouragement. Otherwise cool, fashionable students are happy to wave at the TV cameras while ‘wearing silly hats and sunglasses that spurt water. In the end, what defines us as human is not only language. It is the ability to care about something that does not directly affect our health or wealth ot importance. Passions are a rehearsal for life, a distraction from boredom and, most of all, they are fun ~even when they let you down. unit tt 2SR Present perfect and past simple > GRAMMAR REFERENCE p.176 coud es Members par (MietbERR «211 about horses for mast of my #2. "ve ever owned! one, but my fend and | used io hal out every weekend at the loca! riding stables anid ‘hen the owner would iat us nde the ponies ut haven't pean e left Home to gu tu college five years 2 with her: ve only Pad fo: defintely keer up Read Anna's blog, in which she talks about her passion. Answer questions 1-5. How long has Anna loved horses? Does she stil help out atthe stables? When did she start riding again? Why? How long has she been riding again? How mary lessons has she had? Look at the underlined verb forms in the text. Which ‘ones describe completed actions in the past? past habits which are now finished? 1 2 [E} Look at the highlighted example of the present perfect, simple in the blog. Circle four more examples. ‘Match examples 1-3 with uses of the present perfect described in A-C. Ive just got my confidence back. Ive never owned one. Ive been mad abou 1orses for most of my lf has recently happened and is relevant to the present 1 2 3 A began in the past and is still continuing B refers to indefinite time in the past 28 Unit3Th 3s that matter By) Look at the sentences. Which of the time expressions underlined refers to a period of time and which to a point in time? 1. Fe bcen mad about horses for most of my life. 2. Ihaven'tbeen back there since |lefthome. to goto college five years ago, vide these time expressions into those which are usually used with 1 the pastsimple, already in 2010 never once just _last month. ago thismonth —_atiunchtime Match the sentences from the blog (1 and 2) with the uses of the present perfect (A and B). 1. Ive been having lessons 2. Ivelhad fourlessons A completed activity B_anactivty over a petiod of time (which may ‘or may not be finished} D) complete the sentences below with the past simple, present perfect simple or present perfect continuous form of the verbs and phrases in brackets. There may be more than one possi 1 canon de) a motorbike since | was seventeen, 21 (once wetness) a crime, 3 (ive) abroad when | wes a child 4 Lae {have} an operation afew years ago. 51 (never go) camping, 61 _. just win) a competition. (©) Work in pairs. Ask and answer questions with Have you ever ...?and How long ...? Use the ideas in Activity 8to help you. If appropriate, ask for more details, using When? Why? etc.Grammar a & GRAPIMAR REFERENCE By Complete sentences 1-6 with as or like, 1 Was that film all his other ones? 2. Shall we stil have lunch together, we said yesterday? 3 We always regarded yOu wun fiend, A AJOD «sum that one takes a long time tofinish 5 He's working 2 waiter in the holidays. 6 Please do it carefully, asked you, LANGUAGE TIP @s + noun, for a role or purpose; She works as a musician. / use that room asa study. as + noun clause, for manner: | treated him as my son, ike + noun, for companson: Youreyust lke Tory, Like 4ane,|lovejazz ‘ike + noun for informal examples: Food lite that risottois worth warting for Open cloze (Part 2) > EXAM FOCUS p20! ©) Work in pairs and discuss the questions. 1. What do you do to cheer yourself up when youre depressed? 2. What makes you really happy? E}) Read the text quickly. Underline three things that make Pixie happy. Are you like her? © Look at the example (0). What part of speech is missing? (©) Read the text again and think of the word each gap. EXAM TIP Read the whole sentence, especially the words before and efter each gap Think about what kind of word is missing (eg_a preposition, 2 pronoun} (Fi Compare your answers with a partner. is it? Now look at gaps 1-8. What kind of word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in Pixie Lott: What makes me happy The London-based singer tells us about the things that moke her smile. Im ot my hoppiest when I'm (0) em stage or writing music, Music, for me, |S medicine and writing songs 's Kind of therapy. And, (1) ......... lots of people, even just listening to music makes me hoppy. IF I'm fed up or worried (2) . my Family or something, | just put my Pod on loud. luse music (3)... 0 Way oF relaxing ond there's always a song that matches my mood. But the song | like best is 1980s tune, (4) _......... my frends ond | play ot full volume (5) ...... .. we're getting ready to go out. Ive got some very happy memones associated with that sono. When | (6)... ... had a bad day or feel unhappy, | usually go to the piano ond wmite a.song. Sometimes I'm almost crying ot the: time but | always feel much (7)... — cheerful afterwards. The emotion is real ond itreally helps me. I'm aot really sure why music connects so strongly with me but olwoys (@) these days.eNVausuna TN enemas ‘Match the price tags with the things in the pictures, Then see if your partner agrees, Decide whether each thing is worth the money. ‘good value for money a waste of money. £675. $158,500 £35,000 $102.3 milion €4,200 Match the two halves of the expressions, Then discuss what they mean with a partner. Do you have similar expressions in your language? He's got more money A._‘tobum, Putyourmoney where B_notmade of money. Ima bitshort © fortune. Money's bit D_yourmouthis. She's got money Etightat the moment He's worth F tomake ends meet ‘My mum always saysshes Gof money this month, 1s sometimes haro H than sense, Neen Dares Ey Complete the sentences with the prepositions jin the box. Which of the statements do you agree with and why? away in of on to within 1. les cifficuit to live your means when youre a student 2. You should always avoid being deb. 3) Having to live a tight budget is boring. 4 Very rich people should give most of their money 5 Itsnota good idea to lend your credit CATE ones Hien 6 Young people today have @ higher standard living than thelr grandparents’ generation.Sentence completion (Part 2) > EXAM FOCUS p204 [You're going to hear a multi- millionaire called Gavin Norris talking about his life. Read the gapped sentences. Which of A-E do you expect to hear? how he made his fortune his attitude to money his typical working day hesp one> E wherehe lives 5) © 11 Listen and check. F Look at the gap in each sentence. Where do you think you can put 1 anumber? 2 anoun? 3. aplural form? 4 onlyone word? EXAM TIP Usvally, you only have to write one ‘or two words ora number in the gap. ccasionally, you may need to write three words. i] Listen again and complete the gapped sentences. 1) Compare your answers in pairs. Then listen again to check. Make sure you have spelt the words correctly. ©) Work in pairs and discuss the questions. 2 ausness Gavin Novis started his business career by setting (1) as vu Ia market in 1984, Before Gavin sold his first company in 1998, he hed 250 (2% Gavin became interested in helping (3)... learn about business. tn 2004 Gavin eacided to lend money to in Africa who needed help. Gavin realises that as little as (5) £ ‘Hos enough to change @ person's life, The project to-bulld'a (6) special for Gavin. Being involved jn charity work has helped Gavin to value his %.. so MOTE. Now Gevin gives the profits from his (8) companies to development projects Gavin believes money can't b happiness but it can bring (9) Gavin intends togis money for a (10).Comparing >» GRAMMAR REFERENC EE) © 12 Lookat sentences 1-3 taken from the listening on page 31 and complete them with the correct comparative or superlative form of the adjectives in brackets, Then listen and check. plés TT annem interested) | used to be in holidays, 2. Building the hospital w25.-.a-unues (Satisfying) experience of my Ife 3 ummm (HOEY) | was twenty years ago. BD Decide which pairs of sentences have a similar meaning, and which have a different meaning. 1A Ive never been as happy as | am now. B I'm just as hapoy now as lever was 2. A Mycer was by far the most expensive thing ve ever bought B My car wasa lot more expensive than anything else ve ever bought, 3A My grandfathers one of the most generous people | know. B There arertt many people who are as generous as my grandfather ED Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first, using the word in bold. Example: 4 scooter isn't nearlyas expensive as asportscar. LOT Asportscor's. alot more. expensive than, a scooter 1 Qurstandard of living is bit lower than itwas. QUITE ur standard offivng isnot itwos 2 There arent many cites which areas exciting as Rio deJaneito. ONE Rio de AN C0 1 ca nenan Citing Cites 3 She doesn't have nearly as much free time now. LESS She has fice time than before. 4 Not many peoole eam sucha high salary ashe does. THAN His S219 15 anne MOS PEOPLE. 5 Hes almost as wealthy as she's, BIT Shes hi, 6 Irsgetting much more dificult to get a bankloan, AS itis... 0 get a bank loan now. Speaking « [© Use the table to make six sentences that are true about you. Ispend g ofmy money on, hardly ary of mytime ing Iori spend _2ny L J Compare your answers in groups and write a paragraph about how your group spends time and money. Example: The thing we spend most/least time/money on s.. More/Less than half of us spend lorge amount on 32 _Unit3 Things that mateyLong turn (Part 2) » EXAM FOCUS p.206 What do these photographs have in common? Choose A or B. They show things which are important to people. B_ They show people in unusual situations, Make a list of the similarities and differences between the two photographs. © 12 Usten to a student comparing the two photographs. Does she mention any of the points on your list? Complete the sentences with like or as if/as though. In which sentences isit only possible to use like? Why? 1. [t100ks «8 graduation ceremony. 2 The Man loOks anu he's very proud of his car 3 Itlooks _.._. hard work, 4 Heloois _...... hea bit obsessive. 5 She 1OOKS . nan She's having more fun than the man. > GRAMMAR REFE RENCE p.164 Look at sentences A and B and answer questions 1-3 about whereas and while, ‘A While the man may have @ passion for his cay it’s probably not something that wil last for his whole Ife B The first picture is celebrating an achievernent whereas the second picture shows someone who values an important possession. 1 Which sentence is making a comparison and showing how the two things are different? 2. Inwhich sentence isit possible to use both whereas and while? 3 Inwhich sentence could you use although instead of while/wheseas? Make sentences with both, too or also. Where can you put these words in the sentence? ‘There may be more than one possibility. the pictures show an achievement (both) the man looks happy (alo) the man seems to be enjoying himself (too) BD Work in pairs. ‘Student A, look at the photos on page 152. Student B, look at the photos on page 154. Take turns to compare your photos. Try to use ‘expressions with whereas, while, both, also, t00, like, as if/as though. EXAM TIP Don't describe what's in the pictures. Focus on the main topic and compare the main simianty and any differences between the pictures. J] Work in pairs. Do you agree with tt statement? Happiness is not having what you want but wanting what you have Unit Things trat matter 33Ra Article (Part 2) > WRITING REFERENCE 5.185 [) Look at the exam task and answer the questions. 1 What kind of style will you write it in? How do you know? 2. What information do you need to include? ‘You see this advertisernent in a magazine for young, people. White us an article describing 1 ang] explanring "The best article will be published im Write your article in 140-190 words. ©) Look at opening paragraphs A and B. Which one is most effective? Think about 1._how appropriate the style is 2 how varied the language is 3 whether it engages the reecer EXAM TIP Try to'speak’ directly to the reader for maximum impact. A What Td save ina fire Have you ever thought about which possession youd choose to save if your house was on fire? Well, for me it would definitely be my laptop. Obviously, Td rescue my family and pets | first but after thatit would be my precious | computer. B What I'd save in a fire My laptop is very important to me and I would be very upset if it got lost or damaged. | spend hours every day | using my laptop and | would be lost without i. | think most peopie feel the same way about their \astops. 34 Unit 3 Things that n BD Look at notes A-H and choose whether to include them in patagraph two (a simple description of the object) or paragraph three {the reasons why it’s special to you). A. eighteenth birthday present from parents B not expensive and very ordinary to look at C two years old D__ used te have to share my brother's computer E | all my photographs are on it F | made by Toshiba G | user-friendly K contains trionds’ details (© Work in pairs. Write paragraphs two and three, using the ideas in Activity 3. ©) Look at possible concluding sentences A and B, Which one would have the most positive effect ona reader? A | So forall these reasons, the first thing I would | think of faking with me ir my laptop. B The main reason (id grab my laptop first ina fire is because Ia be heartbroken to lose all my photos, which have #0 mary happy memones for me. Make notes on your own response to the advert. Choose a favourite possession and divide your notes into four paragraphs: 11 Introduction (an introduction to get the readers! attention) 2. Background (a description of the object) 3. Opinion (the reasons why itis important 70 you) 4) Concluston (a rief conclusion) LANGUAGE TIP Use extreme adjectives such as amazing, and extreme adverbs such as absolutely and incredibly for emphasis, (DD) Write your articte in 140-190 words. Then check it for spelling and punctuation. Write another draft ifnecessary. [By Read other students’ articles and choose which ones to include in the magazine.Bi) noose the correct word to complete the sentences. 1 fu standard of Iiing is important to me. Ball Bbig — C great high 2 the house they ive in must be worth a 4 treasure B fortune C resource D wealth 3 When| was at college | hac to lear to ve abudget Aon Bin Cfom Dat 4 {inaftaid | cant come because tm __, of money, 5 ow Blackng C short D tight 5 sneis always dabtat the end of the term, A Bat Cwrh Din 6 imstilleamingto live, __ my means A between B within C under D at complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first sentence using she word given. Use between two and five ‘nords, including the word given. 1 Aebecca started ining here five yearsago FOR ca five years. 2 SINCE 3 this is my first visit to India TIME Thisisthe first... to India 4 \eskindofyou but had a coffee earlier ALREADY kind of you but | . a coffee 5 |lont spend much money on clothes ANY = money on clothes these days, & Fis hotel isn'tnearly as expensiveas the FAR other hotels this one 7 ert Tom and Zak are equally friendly, JusT Totnis Zak. B Ther aren't many fashion designers that are as nensive as Prada ONE is. fashion designers EX Complete the sentences with a word formed from the word In capitals. 1. Ihaven't got much money but Im not... about i ‘WORRY 2 Golfisnotavery sport to watch on TV. INTEREST 3. Having a passion can make life more . = EXCITE 4 Imreally bby my obsession with that actor EMBARRASS 5. What is the most filin you have ever seen? FRIGHTEN 6 Im that the Cup Final is over at last RELIEF El complete the gaps with one word. en |v (8) cen all rind oF things. | knew | woul Never LOOK (2) iy iter veho was (3) ...... more attractive tha: me eid just (4)... inteliigent ay me, but | sill, felt Jealous, | was also embarrassed (5) aoc. My fativer, who worked (6) (FP wun VOY Close to (8) .. ane know |am very lucky to have them. Unit 3 Things hat at used To wor an actor, instead of hanna a ‘normal’ job. However, | have always ._ of my parents, 35ss Speaking [fll How much do you know about Antarctica? Do the quiz. Then turn to page 160 and check your answers. 1. Antarctica has the world’ largest A volcano. B desert. —C mountain range. 2) Has Antarctica always been cold? A No, itused to be tropical B Yes, it’ always been covered in thickice. G. Yes, but the ice used to be a lot thinner, 3) Which of these animals do you NOT get in Antarctica? ‘A penguins B seals. polar bears 4 Who led the first team to reach the South Pole in 1911? A Roald Amundsen B Robert Faicon Scott Emest Shackleton 5 Why's Ernest Shackleton’s 1908 expedition famous? A Everyone except Shackleton survived the trip. B Themen survived but they didnt get to the South Pole € All the men died on the way back from the South Pole a86—-qenies Gate Shh uy arteMultiple choice (Part 4) > EXAM FOCUS p.205 By You are going to hear an interview in which an explorer called Leo Stone is talking about a book by Henry Worsley on his expedition to the South Pole. Before you listen, read the questions and underline the key words. 1. What does Leo say about Henry Worsley team? ‘A They had never considered doing a wip to the South Pole before B They had personal reasons for wanting to complete the journey. € They were trying to breaka world record, 2. What does Leo say was the hardest thing for Worsley’ team before the exped tion? A organising the finance B preparing mentally € getting physically Fr 3 What does Leo say was easier forthe twenty-first century expedition than for Shackletons expedition? A planning their daily route B doing the cooking carrying thelr equipment 4 what problem did both expeditions experience? Arunning out of food B a serious illness bac weather 5. How did Worsley feel when he was crossing the Antarctic plateau? A He hadn't expected itt be so difficult. B He was worried they wouldr't reach the South He doubted his skis asa leader. 6 The partof the book Leo enjoyed most was when Worsley ‘A reached the South Pole. B arrived at the point Shackleton had got ro € completed the trp, 7 What does Leo admire about Shackleton? A his determination B his ambition © his bravery EXAM TIP ‘The information on the recording wil be nthe samme. ‘order as questions 1-7 ©) © 14 Listen tothe review and answer questions 1-7, oo ©) check your answers in pairs. Then listen again, What words or phrases did you hear to justify choosing A, B or C for each question? © Discuss the questions. 1. What would you find hard about a trp like this? 2. Shackieton is considered a hero and a role model by many peope. Who are your heroes and role models? 3. Where would you most ke to travel to? Why? Vocabulary the body idioms [By Match the underlined idioms 1-10 with meanings A-J. 1 The hardest part was getting their heads around doing 2 900-mile journey. 2 When he came face to face with conditions there, ‘Shackleton began to doubt held ever reach the Pole. 3 He's always putting his foot in it He just doesnit know when to keep his mouth shut. 4. My father and I con't sce eye to eye, Perhaps our relationship will Improve when | leave home. 5. Something in the distance caught my eve 6 Imust keepan eye on the time. don't want to be late 7 tewas really difficult to keep a straight face; he iooked so silly 8 Im beginning to get cod feet about the whote idea 9 Icanttface going to work |fee terible 10 You need to put your foot down. Don't agree t working late every evening. payatiention to look serious attract your attention change yout mind get on with each other feel unable to very clase to say the wrong thing, say no to something understand/accept an idea Lo raamone> When was the last time you put yourfoot in? couldn't face doing something? put your foot down? couldn't keep a straight face? Unit 4attling nature 37[GRAMMAR FOCUS Narrative forms > GRAMMAR REFERENCE p.177 BBD You are going to read a story about a man who was shipwrecked on a desert island. Read paragraph 1 and predict what happens next. Last October, 79-year-old Mark Richards set_off from Floridain his cabin cruiser. He had planned to sail to Nassau in the Bahamas in twelve hours. However, while he was sailing there, a storm blew up and he was shipwrecked on a smalt island. Which of the underlined 1 pastsimple? 2 pastcontinuous? 3 past perfect? BD which one 1. refers toa finished event? 2. describes a situation which happened before another past action? 3) describes an action already n progress when something else happened? Dy Read the rest of the story quickly. Don’t worry about the gaps yet. How well did you predict the ending? By Now complete the story with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. ‘His family realised he (1) ....... (miss) and a massive search was launched, But they (2) (have to) wait for three long days before they finally (3) (hear) that some fishermen (4)... (rescue) him. ‘Mr Richards survived for three days on a mixture of | Gried noodles and snack bars which (5) ....... float) ashore from his boat. Mr Richards knew he would be ot of boats start © complete the sentences with the past perfect simple or past perfect continuous form of the verbs in brackets. Then match the examples with one of the statements, A or B. He ou (ork) as a lfequard for ten years but (never need) to tescue anyone until last week. 2. Andy’sleg ..... (hurt) for ages before he went to the doctor, We un (never ee) a glacier before. 1 {not hear the news until Sophie rang me. Only the simple forms possible here itis more natural ose the continuous form here oecause the action continues over a period of time (although isnt wrong to use the simple fore), a> aw Complete the sentences so that B has the same meaning as A. Sometimes more than one form is possible. 1. A Jack was hoping to compete in the Olympics: ‘Then he hurt his back 8 Before he Jack Olympics 2A Luke spent six months in hospital. He studied to be a lawyer during ths time. B While Luke... (recover in hospital he Gtud)) to be a lanyer. 3A During his swim to the island, Lewis cut his knee badly on a rock B Lewis (wim) tothe island when, De sas cnnnnenann (Cu his knee On 2 rock 4 A Fouzia didn't feel wel all day so she decided not to G0 to Zharals party lastnight. B Because she. ann fel) wel all day, Feuzia (decide) not to go to ‘Tharals party last night. (hurt) his back, (hope) to compete intheCollaborative task (Part 3) } EXAM FOCUS p2 DD Work in pairs. Look at the examiner's instructions and underline the two things you have to discuss. Te lke you to imagine that you are going ona college expedition to 2 desertisiand, Here are some survival skills you right need on the island. Tato each other about how difficult it would be to learn these survival sls (after a two-minute aiscussion) Thank you Now you have about a minute to decide which two survival sills would be the most useful on the island / ESTA BD Look at the exam task in Activity 1 and discuss the question with a partner. Talk about: + what in particular you think would be easy/difficult aout each ski + why you personally might fine a particular sil difficult. ED G15 Look at Activity 1 and listen to two students doing the second part of the task. Do you agree with their opinions? © Complete the sentences and then listen again to check your answers. V cennann OF tHE sone fOF Me WOUld be finding water, 2 TE cnnarnne making a fre making a shelter 3 Ithinkleaming how to make a fire would be the ean FOF ME, 4 So five skills, making aire and finding water would be the mast useful change the sentences in Activity 4 so that they have the opposite meaning. [Gy Decide with a partner which two survival skills you think would be the /east useful on the island. Include some of the expressions from Activity 5. EXAM TIP Use al ofthe time (about one minute) you have to decide something together - dort reach a decision too quickly Discussion (Part 4) » EXAM FOCUS p207 DD Work in pairs and discuss the questions, 11 What kind of person do you need to be to survive on a desert island? 2 How essential Is it for people to know how to survive in the wild? 3 Doyyou think most peopie today have lost touch, with nature? 4. Inwhat ways can the natural world be a threat to humans?Speaking Look at the paragraph headings in the article. Discuss questions 1-4 with a partner. 1 Which ofthese experiences do you think would be the most frightening? 2. Which of these experiences might give you shock, frostbite or hypothermia? 3. Which could give you injuries such as broken bones? 4 What other kinds of extreme weather conditions can you think of? Multiple matching (Part 7) » EXAM FOCUS p.203 Read the article. Did anyone have serious Injuries as a result of their experiences? Ey Read the questions in Activity 4 and underline the key words and phrases. Then scan the texts for words and expressions which have the same meaning, The first one is done for you. EXAM TIP Be carefull There might seem to be similar information in more than one text. Make sure the word or expression you choose has the same meaning as in the question. For questions 2-10, choose from the people A-D. The people may be chosen more than once, Which person remembers panicking about the situation [TA] he was in? descrives his efforts to stay awake? 2] mentions being in pain all aver after the incident? assumes he must have been thrown up into the air? believes that crying helped him to survive? describes the muttiple injuries he received? [7% remembers the iong wait before being rescued? ‘mentions the temporary deafness he sulfered? a says he was unable to relate to his escuers? [9 talks about experiencing big varatons in body temperature” { Unit 4 Battingnature 1 2 Work in pairs and discuss the questions. Which person do you think had the luckiest escape? How do you think you would react in these situations? Do you know of any cisastarfilmsconnected to the ‘weather? What happens? Vocabulary ns and idioms: we [0 Match the words in column A with their Column A ‘colurnnB collocations in column B. freezing A wet boiling B_ black soaking € frozen pitch D cold | absolutely E_ hot | thick/dense F wind/sun | rorrentiayheavy | G sea strong H frost arough 1 rain ahard J foa a 1 2 3 4 5 6 Work in pairs and discuss the questions. Which of the weather conditions in Activity 6 have you experienced? Where were you and how did you feel? How would someone be feeling if they froze when they saw someching? they stormed out of somewhere? they moved lke lightning? they were icy with someone? their face clouded over? their face was lke thunder?Battli S Vea. FOUR PEOPLE TALK ABOUT THEIR STORIES OF SURVIVAL Lo. Morlang was buried in an avalanche in Colorado, ‘There wes no warning, It was instant. All ofa sudden | was curled up in a ball. Then it was over and | was buried under about fity feet of snow, It was totally dark, My mouth was packed with snow and the pressure was enormous. It was hard to breathe and I didn't know which direction was up. I thought |was already dead. Luckly I had my hands over my face 01 cleared the snow out of my mouth and then and then I noticed my tears were running across my face 50 | realised | must be lying kind of upside down. Now I felt determined to get out. | dug for twenty-two hours, and when finally saw the fst ite bit ofight | was over the moon, although it was fourteen hours before anyore found me. od Herd was on a boat with the New Zealand Police Search and Rescue ‘team when he nearly drowned. ‘When we hit the wave, I was thrown against the window, which smashed and let in a tremendous volume of water. There was no ar just pitch darkness, noise and violent movement. | had no idea the boat had overturned. I felt sad, anxious and despairing, and the fear of drowning was unbearable. | couldn't hold my breath any longer and at this point had e vision of my wife and sons waving me goodbye, end I felt at peace. But then I grabbed a star rail and found myself back in the real word. | managed to pull myself up to the surface and then had to deal with the shock and hypothermia, Trying to stay afloat kept my mind offit, although t had to fight the desire to go to sleep. When the helicopter arrived soon afterwards, | vividly remember feeling disconnected from the seople who were there to save me. J John Neidigh survived a tornado in Mississippi. \ heard the warning on the television and had just enough time to lie down and cover ry head with my arms, The feel ofa twister approaching is like a goods train ~ thet low, everlouder howl and the shuddering grounc. Firs, a sheet of rain sprayed against the side of my trailer like machine-gun fire. | could hear trees snapping, and the roof began to come off as the tale started moving up and down, Just ae | felt the entire trailer it ‘off the ground, | lost consciousness and woke up twenty minutes later face-down outside. The evering was completely quiet, no wind, no cars, no insect noises | had gone through the trailer wal, ended up thity feet up in a tree, and then dropped tothe ground. |had concussion, a collapsed lung, cacked rbs and a shattered lag, These things should have Kiled me but the surgeons sewed me back together agein. ax Dearing was on the golf course in North Carolina when lightning struck. Ithappened on # lovely July afternoon while | was playing golf with friends from work ‘Wher it started to drizale, we decided to get under a shelter. We were standing there teasing each other and | remember the air had an unusual sweet smell. When the lightning struck felt absolutely frozen but then part of me was boiling hot too. | saw these flashing lights and thore was such an incredibly ioud noise thet | couldn't hear anything for awhile My arms anc legs felt heavy. Every bit of my bady — including my hair, my eyelashes — hurt teas a dull ache and yet so sharp atthe same time, lke a bad headache and! noodles bbeing stuck in every part of your body. 842 Unit Batting rater articles AR REFERENCE p.163 [BD choose the correct option a/an, the or (-) for no article to complete rules 1-8. Use the text ‘on page 41 to help you. 1 We use a/an/the/-} when there is. something in existence. 2 We use a/an/the/-] when there is only one of something in this context. 3) We use a/arvthe/() to talk about plural countable nouns in general 4 We use a/an/the/(-) to refer back to nouns mentioned before (or where the meaning Is clear from the context) We use avan/the/) with supertatve forms. 6 We use a/an/the/t) with mary common expressions such as home, school, etc. 7 We use a/an/the/() with singular countable nouns when mentioned for the first time, or when itis not important which one 8B We use a/arvthe/-] with uncountable and abstract nouns aly one of ED) Match rules 1-8 from Activity 1 with extracts A-F from the text on page 41. I gtabloed a stair ea and found myset I could hear trees snapping, and the roof began to come oft. My mouth was packed with snow an the pressure wes enormous. E | cleared the snow out of my mouth. F | was playing golf with friends from work ono> LANGUAGE TIP ‘We normally use possessives, not articles for parts of the body, 29. my face NOT the face Ey Complete the gaps in the story with a/an, the or (-). Speaking ©) Work in groups. Find somebody who has had ‘one of the following experiences. Tell the class about it. Have you ever ‘been aftaid ofa storm? been snowed in? had heatstroke? been ina flood? skidded on a patch of ice? seen lightning strike? lostyourway in fog? been in oron a rough sea? e@Voununas . LP A pilot’s story As pilots, we have to get used to (1) storms and (2)........... Severe weather, and we are obviously prepared for (3) emergencies. However, sometimes they can take you by (4) surprise. A year ago, Iwas flying to (8) USA and we were over (6) Atlantic Ocean when a ball of lightning struck (7) aircraft I was flying. ‘Within seconds, (8) ‘bright blue ball of light with (9) yellow tail filled 0)... windscreen and there was al loud bang, My colleague said it felt as if (12) ... Cat had brushed against his leg as (13) lightning struck, Fortunately, after a lot of viclent shaking, (14) .. things soon returned to (15) normal.Vocabulary ve prefixes [ neach sentence, underline the prefix which makes a word negative. 1. The fst expedition was unsuccessful 2. The Antarctic the most incredible place brave been to, 3. The groupon the expedition felt discouraged attimes 4 tS impossible to think ofliving in such freezing conditions. 5. They misunderstood our instructions and went the wrong way. 6 Some people thought itwas irresponsible to g0 In such icy conditions. Add a negative prefix to the underlined words in sentences 1-6. (One advantage of winter is how much we spend on heating our homes. 2. read how severe the weather conditions would be so was not prepared. 3 it likely that well be able to have a barbecue Unless it gets much warmer 4 I've noticed that peopie get patient when they'te driving during hot weather. 5 Itwasa great job despite the regular working hours 6 Id be capable of surviving in low temperatures even if had the right equipment, ED Work in pairs. Discuss something 1. which is unusual about you. 2. incredible that has happened to you. 3 that makes you impatient Word formation (Part 3) > EXAM FOCUS p20! 1 Look at the photo and the title of the article. What kind of place do you think Death Valley is? How do you think it got its name? [Look at each gap and decide what part of speech is mi aaa [Gy Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the gap in the same line, Which words need a negative prefix? EXAM TIP You may need to add a prefix ora suffix to change the word to another part of speech, eg. happy-> happness. _ Place'ln Neth Americs got avery (1) . t0up oF miners crosied it-on their way to Caitiomia in bt above 120 degrees Fahrentet, they neat) ‘ed there, which i why it was named Death vatey: Despite its name, more than 13 milion Q).... stil go there every year: inislikely, however, that many of them have Bf Bsolutel/no idlea how (3) .. z being in sich 2 hot dry climate can be Abo, (a). walkers often do not drink pearly enaugh water or wear the (5 Gothes that ae required in this exireme test Heatstrake tien occurs whien the body js unable To.contio) its temperature: (6) oo... gts Bf this ate high bedy temperature, red dry sxin, ety bad headaches anid teelna dizzy. All this Bs also often accompanied by (7) cas.-- Pheatsircke is suspected, the person et out of the sun at once and receive dlgent rhedical (8)... otherwise they have. only 4.20 percent chance of sunivings What advice would you give to someone going toa very hot or cold climate? Examples: You should (drini... Make sue you (wear) sun). Dont ignore) warning signs. Avoid (siting in the Unit 4 2aitingnstureWRITING FOCUS Essay (Part 1) > WRITING REFERENCE p.180 i] Would you tike the chance to explore an extreme environment such as Antarct What would you like to do if you had the opportunity? port 2 ©) Work in pairs. Read the essay title and discuss whether you agree or disagree with the idea ‘of adventure tourism. In your English class you have been talking about extreme environments. Now your English teacher thas asked yau to write an essay. ‘Write an essay Using all the points and give reasons for your point of view. Write 140-190 words. Do you think ‘adventure tourism’ in unexplored paris of the world should be encouraged? Notes: Wate about 1 negative effects of tourism 2 personal risk 3 {your own idea) EE) Match the ideas 1-4 with notes 1 and 2 In Activity 2. Decide whether the writer is agreeing or disagreeing with the essay title in each case. 1 If people train and prepare for expeditions, there's 44 good chance they'll be safe. 2 The problem is that beautiful places will get spoilt if to0 many people go there. 3 Aslong as people respect the environment there should be very little damage. 4 Tn my view, anything too dangerous should be left to the professionals. (© match the reasons A-D with the points 1-4 in Activity 3. A Anincreased number of tourists will lead te more building development B If people don't know what they're doing, iteon endanger ‘thei ives and the liver of others. C Itrequires people te be responsible and eveid leaving rubbish around. D These days, there is a lot of equipment to help people. 44 Unita acting nature Think of some more points and supporting information (examples or reasons) for notes and 2 in Activity 2. Compare your ideas with a partner. EXAM TIP Remember to cleatly state your main pont in the form of a topic sentence for each note Support it with areason cor example if there is space. [Fl Think about what your own point will be for note 3 in Activity 2 and compare your idea with a partner, There are some suggestions below. Remember to give a reason for the point you choose. local job opportunities cost of rescuing people knowledge about the world personal development Read the essay title and task and plan how you will answer it. Use the guidelines 1-4 below. in your English class you have been discussing the importance of nature. Now your teacher has asked you to write an essay, Write an essay using all the notes and give reasons for your point of view. Write 140-190 words. Many people think living in the countryside provides a better way of Ife. To what extent do you agree? Notes ‘Write about 1 health benetts 2 day to day life — (your own idea) 1. Read the question and underline the key points. 2 Brainstorm ideas around the topic. What will your own idea be? 3. Make notes on the postive and negative points Do you agree or disagree, or can you see both sides? 4 Plan how many oaragraphs you will have and decide which notes you will include in each one.Bd Use the word given in capitals at the end of the EI] Complete the gaps in the article with a/an, the or ())for no article. Te Men! walk ecu anec sent) Ue ecnio mee eee Brazil! — two anda half years afte Peremee tat mmOnNna> auaune Sete | et en ae] fe ceamentens c ae: Parte e)) mi ree) cs bane d by Sanchez Rivera, (13)... : ct: Living off (14) re ean Caner nae coe aren mney GB complete the second sentence so that it has a Cea Lae eee Case ices Mr Staffocd said on Monday RUC Meu sentence to form a word that fits the space. am. ofsking fmtoo scared, CAPABLE his explanation and went the wrong way UNDERSTANDING Hes vety <0. au. Worker, He never arrives on time. RELY My mother's with my younger brother. She never expiains things propery PATIENCE ‘That san extremely ______. way to behave You should be trying to seta good example RESPONSIBILITY If yoUte un... Speak to the manager and Im sure hell be able to help. SATISFACTION Match the first part of sentences 1-6 with their endings A-F. always put my foot init when Im nervous and (can never keep a steaght face so {im getting cold feet about the cycling race because ‘Tom and | dont see eye to eye about many Issues so My parents want me-to keep an eye on my brother so If something ina shop window catches my eve Tim useless at telling jokes, say really embarrassing things. won't be able to go out tonight ‘cant resist going in to look at it. Idon't think ve trained enough, I car‘t see our relationship lasting similar meaning to the first sentence using the word given. Use between two and five words, including the word given. Iived in London until got married last year BEEN Vo ceesse tn London unt | got married last year It took three days for us to walk there WERE We... three days I couldn't remember the way there, so | gota tax. FORGOTTEN i ‘get there, sol got a taxi It was three years since fd visited Peru NOT I to Peru for three years‘Sumo wrestler, Japan Work with a partner. Look at the photos of daily diets from around the world and discuss the questions. How similar do these diets look to each other? 2 Which diet looks most similar to your own? 3) What can we tell about the countries by looking at these people's diets? Find out if your partner snacks between meals eats fast food regularly drinks alot of tea and coffee has plenty of esh fru. prefers organic food. isallergic 1 any food. o 4 a ones ‘Complete the phrases with the words in the box. balanced fat free low vegetarian vitamins ahigh- diet astrict diet adit rich in WET rn RE aw Salt det AAI ca naeen SE aunune Use the phrases in Activities 2 and 3 to describe the diet most people have in your country, How healthy is it? 46 Unit Ga: yourhestt out!LANGUAGE TIP ices uncountable in Englsh but countable in many other languages. For example, in English we say There are many different typesofrice NOT ices). Other English words like this include ‘achace, information, health news luggage, knowledge. LANGUAGE TIP Dont get confused between a few and few The party was OK there were a few people! knew there (afew = some) Theparty wasntta success, fewpeople tumed up (few hardly any). Hardly anys more natural in spoken English Student, Venezuela Countable and uncountable nouns > GRAMMAR REFERENCE p.167 =") Match the nouns in the box with the options A, B and C. cake cheese chicken chocolate coffee curry fruit honey meat rice. salt’ vegetable always uncountable always countable can be countable or uncountable What's the difference in meaning between the countable and uncountable forms of the nouns in these examples? 1A Isthere a lot of cake lei? B Are there a lot of cakes left? 2 A Ilike chicken B I ike chickens Expressions of quantity > GRAMMAR REFERENCE p.|. [2 Tum to page 160 for more practice with countable and uncountable nouns. What's the difference in meaning between these examples? A The shop sells a few cakes. B The shop sells very few cakes. A Theresa lttle cheese eft. B There's very itie cheese left )] Work in pairs. Ask and answer questions based on the sentences in Activity 7.Open cloze (Part 2) >» EXAM FOCUS p.20! Work in pairs and discuss whether you agree with the following statements. 1 [cant stand the taste of chill. Its too hot. 2 | ove food which has lots of spices end different flavours. By Read the text quickly and choose the correct words in these statements. ikes/doesnt ike chill. Ey Look at the gaps in the text. In which four gaps should you put an expression of quantity? EXAM TI In Part 2you need to use a vanety of grammatical forms, such as + pronouns (he, them) + prepositions (at, about) + articles (a, the) + avaliaries (do, are) ‘linking expressions (despite, next) «comparisons (than, 08) «quantifiers (any, mary). [0] Now think of the word which best fits each gap. Use one word in each gap. There isan example at the beginning. Work in pairs and discuss the questions. at do children generally ¢ ate at frst to eat? Why? Is there any food that you ns in the text. 8 1 2. What foods did you 3 8 Underline all the preposi Then find one example of a phrasal verb, 2. averb + preposition. 3 afixed expression. Why do eople ove chilli? People don't wash their eyes in lemon juice or pour boiling hot tea over themselves, so why are we prepared to go through so (0) __. much... pain for the sake of chilli? Chillies are one of the few foods that we simply should not enjoy and not just because of the way they taste. Not (1). people like the bitter taste of coffee ta begin with but soon most of us (2)... used to it. But coffee contains caffeine which has some addictive qualities, and this explains 13) . it is s0 popular. Capsaicin, the ingredient (4) makes chillies hot, does not seem to have (5) on... addictive qualities whatsoever, and it. also has very (6)............. health benefits. And yet it has (7) ......... used in cooking in almost: (8) culture for thousands of years. &Sentence completion (Part 2) 1 EXAM FOCUS p.204 What have people always eaten in your culture? What have they started eating only recently? You are going to listen to an extract from a radio programme in which a food writer called Sarah Willis is talking about the history of cooking. Look at the gapped sentences and say how many of the missing words are A nouns B adjectives verbs. ifs Underline the key words and make sure you understand what each sentence means. EXAM TIP You may hear mote than one number/noun/adjectivey verb that wil fit grammancally But only one of these wil fit the meaning | © 16 For questions 1-10, listen and complete the sentences. Read through your answers to check they make sense, [] Discuss these questions. 1. How much raw food do you eat? 2. Doyou think people should eat less meat? 3. What would you lke to eat more or less of? Sarah says about 60 percent of a chimpanzee’s diet consists of (1) .. Sarah thinks chimpanzee food tastes too Tarts o. of cooking , for humans. Humans can't survive for long on a chimpanzee diet because they have a small (3) Before they discovered cooking, people spent almost "as much time eating food as they did (4)... it Sarah thinks one benefit of cooking was that it helped to (5). food. Some scientists think cooking resulted in an increase in the size of the (6) The idea of sharing a (7) . probably started when people began to cook. Waiting until food was cooked meant there was a risk that it could be (8) New evidence in Africa shows that early humans may have used (9) . for cooking over cone million years ago. During the last ice age the extra (10) . provided by cooked food helped people to survive.Speaking 1B Discuss the following questions. 11 How common ist in your country to eat aut in restaurants? 2 What kind of restaurants do different age groups tend toeat in? 3 What kind of food do you enjoy eating most when you goout? Multiple choice (Part 5) » EXAM FOCUS p.202 BD Read the article about a restaurant food critic and say in what ways David is unusual. E) Read the questions in Activity 4 (don’t read the options yet) and underline the part of the text each question refers to, Then underline the key words in the options. DD For questions 1-6, choose the answer (A, B, C ‘or D) which you think fits best according to the text. EXAM TIP Remember when you are looking forthe answersin ths part the questions wil follow the order of the text. 1 David wanted to go to the new restaurant because A he prefers italian food to Greek food B he was attracted by is appearance © hewanted to write his frstfood review for publication, D he prefers eating in restaurant 10 having takeout food. 2. Why was David lucky to get a table 2t the Salumeria Rosi? [A The restaurant wasn't keen to serve a child on his own, B Most tables were reserved for celebrities. The restaurant was completely booked up. D He couldnt afford a proper meal 3 How did the customers react to David? A They were worried about him, B They were interested in him, € They wanted to hear his opinions on the food. D They felt they showld talk to hien in case he was lonely. 4 What did David appreciate about the restaurant? 50. Unit $ Lat your heart out! {A the fuss they made of him B the unusual food ne was given to try free the fact that they explained how the food was made D the fact that they didiit treat him lke a child 5 What does that refer to in line 53? A which partof an animal trive was B why he had been given tripe how the intestines were prepared D the kind of animal the intestines came from 6 The expression tender years inline 67 refers to Davic's A sweet nature. B extreme youth, € child-like behaviour D lack of qualifications Speaking 1) Work in pairs. Do you think people reading David's reviews would take them seriously? Why/Why not? Vocabulary al verb phr: [E) Match definitions 1-6 with the phrasal verbs in the box. Some of the verbs are underlined in the text. turn down tum out ‘tum away ‘tumon refuse an invitation arrive somewhere, espectally unexpectedly suddenly attack someone, physically or with words have a particular or unexpected resuit make somebody decide they don't like something 6 refuse someone permission to entera place ween Work in pairs. Ask and answer these questions. 1 Are you ever turned off eating something by the smell of it cooking? 2. How would you turn down an invitation to something that you didnt wantto.go to? What would you say? 3. In what circumstances, ifany, would you turn ona fiend or family member? 4 Invihat situations might people be turned away from a restaurant or club? 5 In your county isit accepzable totum up at someone's house with no waming?: {6 Whathave you done which turned out to be much beter than you expected?Pere ny The most famous restaurant critic in America ‘Apparently it's never too soon to start being a restaurant food critic. ‘That's why David Fishman (pictured), a New York City native who had just turned twelve, decided to take himself out for dinner one night. His parents had called him at home to say they were running late, suggesting that he grab some hummus from his usual Greek takeout restaurant, David thought he could do better than that. He had recently passed by the Salumeria Rosi, 2 newly-opened Italian restaurant 2 few blocks from his home, and had been fascinated by the reflective black wall, the dried pork hanging from the ceiling, the litte jars of olives and artichokes on the walls, If it was OK with his mom (and it turned Out it was), he wanted to try that instead. That night turned out to be one of the first that the restaurant was open to the public. David requested a menu, which the waitress handed to him, and decided that it was within his budget. Then he asked for a table for one and waited to sce what she'd say. A year before, he had been turned away from a half-empty restaurant and told that it did not serve children unaccompanied by adults. Grown-up or not, tables were hard to come by that evening, — every seat was reserved, mostly by friends of the Italian chef and owner, Cesare Casella. Even TV actor Tony Danza turned up. But the waitress decided to squeeze in the Salumeria’s first unaccompanied customer under 1.4 metres, as Jong as he promised to be out by 8 pm. It was a deal. Nobody at the restaurant seemed terribly impressed by Tony Danza, but David Fishman. — now that was something, People tried not to stare, but couldn’t help themselves. Where were his parents? Was he enjoying the food? Cash or credit? An Australian couple seated beside him struck up a conversation and a young couple on the other side of his table insisted on buying him a chocolate mousse. In turn, he recommended that they try the arugula salad. David had ordered a speciality of the restaurant, as well as salad leaves with Parmesan cheese. ‘Good variety,’ he wrote in the leather- bound notebook he brought along, restaurant- critic-like, ‘Softish jazz music. Seem to enjoy kids but not overly.’ In other words, no sickly-sweet smiles or insulting offer of grilled cheese. The kitchen workers were so fascinated by the young adventurous cater that they sent out a bowl, of complimentary tripe stew, which he enjoyed, although, he adr “Tt wasn't my favorite.” He was a little surprised to learn later that tripe was prepared with intestines. His eyes went wide. ‘The intestines of what?’ he asked. (Somehow, that seemed to matter.) ‘An only child, David grew up in a family where eating well and imaginatively at home was important. His mother encouraged him to make notes about what he liked, and it developed from there, But fittle did he know how dramatically his life would change after he wandered into the Salumeria Rosi. During dinner, while he was chatting with customers and taking notes, he was noticed by a woman who has a friend at the New York Times. The article she wrote about him led to the kind of ‘media attention that contestants on Pop Idol dream will be theirs. Despite his tender years, he is now reviewing more of the city’s top restaurants, making television appearan touring Europe, and there is even a possible film under discussion, tine 53 ‘ne 67ao Passive forms > GRAMMAR REFERENCE p.i72, EE) Read the short text. What this celebration? unusual about (On the last weekend in November, a feast will be ‘organised In Lopbur,Thaliand. A huge amount of fruit and vegetables will be provided by local peopie, and chefs have been initad to prepare a wonderful ‘meal. Not so unusual, perhaps, except that the: 3,000 guests are all monkeys! Monkeys can be. ‘seen everywhere in this jungle town, and the feast sbelng held, as itis every year, to say thank you to them. in this town at least, monkeys are believed to. boing wealth, in the form of tours. BD Look at the underlined passive forms in Activity 1 and make them active. Example: People wll organise afeaston the last weekend in November. LANGUAGE TIP + We use the passive form when we don't know/t doesn't matter/t's obwious who does the action. = Use a form of 10 be + past participle Ey complete the sentences about other celebrations using the correct passive form of the verbs in brackets. 1 Atthe wedding | went to in Italy last week, sugared almonds... (giveaway) to all te guests 2. Since 1368, moon cakes... eatin China to celebrate the Harvest Festival 3 Some people hate... (give) Surprise parties on their binhdays. ‘Adecision must... (rake) about which restaurant we are going to book for Mum and Dads wedaing anniversary. 5 ‘hope that noodles... (serve) at my Korean friend's wedding tomorrow. 6 Iwas eally thrilled... (ask) to give a speech at the wedding reception. © Work in pairs. Think of popular celebrations in your country. What food is typically eaten there and how isit made? 52 Unit SEatyour Passive reporting verbs © Look at sentences A, B and C. Which sentence(s) avoids) saying who believes? y What is the difference in form? ‘A. Thal people believe that monkeys bring wealth, ‘ B_ Monkeys ate believed to bring weatth. s tis believed that monkeys bring wealth. LANGUAGE TIP We can report what people say or believe with verbs such as think, believe and two structures + passive reporting verb + that clause + subject + passive reporting verb + present/perfect infinitve [© Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. 1. People expect tourists to cary sticks to protect themselves from curious monkeys. ARE “Tourists cutious monkeys 2 Thai people know that the monkeys are 8 huge tourist attraction. BE Monkeys yan huge tourist attraction 3 Reports claim that twenty top chefs have been invited to prepare the me. THAT It onan twenty top chefs have been invited to prepare the meal 4 Locals believe that 2,000 kilos of food were consumed atthe lest feast. HAVE 2,000 kilos of food _._.__._ consumed at the last feast 5 Thetouristoffice has estimated that over 10000 Visitors watch the feast. BEEN te that over 10000 vistors watch the feast 6 Some people think monkeys get very aggressive around food. To Monkeys . sticks to protect themselves from very aggressive around food, Work in pairs. Discuss stories which have been reported recently on TV or in the newspapers.Long turn (Part 2) Work in pairs, Match the sentences 1-6 with the ; rf types of restaurants in the photos. paring and giving ar 1. You dont haveto dress up. sient 2 Youcantt hear yourselfspeak Both these photos show people eating out in | ttsowrpried restaurants. Compare the photos and say why the were people might choose to eat in places like these. 4 They'te good for special occasions. 5 The atmosphere is more casual Look at the photos and the exam task, and 6 The foodsa bit basic. tick the statements you agree with. Can you think of any other points of comparison Listenin: between the photos? s 1 Amasrebecnen sorieesavonnayte El ©. Usten to Dente ding he teskand wonderful the atmosphere ist as friendly asin fast ianawer the questions: food restaurants, 11. Whot differences does she mention between the photos? | 2. Inexpensive restaurants you often have to have full 2. How does she respond tothe second part of the question? meals, whereas you can usually ust get a snack in fast food places. Speaking 3 While fast fo0d restaurants are quick and cheep, they usually serve unhealthy junk food ‘Work in pairs. Turn to page 152 and complete 4 Both formal restaurants and fast food cafés are populer Task 1. swith young people. Then turn to page 154 and swap roles for Task 2. Underline the linking expressions in Activity! Xam TIP which are used to compare and contrast. Make sure you alow enough tmeo answer the second REFER 165 part ofthe question or you will miss the focus of the task | GRAMMAR REFERENCE p.i65 You have only one minute to do bothBas Reading Describing a persona! ex By) Read the restaurant review and tick the things that are mentioned. staff writers expectations location décor otherdiners atmosphere prices food service ED work in pairs and discuss the questions. 1 Would you go to the Hard Rock Café in London after reading ths review? 2. Have you ever been disappointed or pleasantly surprised by 2 meal in a restaurant? EX copy and complete the table with words/ phrases from the review. atmosphere fotos 1D Underline examples of where the writer uses structures 1-4. Say why they are used. phrases containing negatives which have positive meanings adverbs the passive 4 the past perfect 2 3 By inwhich paragraph does the writer A. give details about the food? B say who she recommends the restaurant for? give some basic information about the restaurant? LANGUAGE TIP ‘Recommend can be follawed by -ing ora clause ‘would stronglyrecommend booking in advance/that ‘you book in advance, Units ‘The Hard Rock Café I'd always avoided visiting the legendary Hard Rock Café in Londor’s Piccadily, as | thought it would be {ull of tourists and the food would be poor quality and overpriced. But | have to say | was pleasantly surprised The food was outstanding, the staff extremely welcoming and the atmosphere certainly didn't disappoint. As a vegetarian, | thought theré wouldn't be much to tempt me on the menu. | decided to try the veggie burger, even though these are quite often stodgy and blend. But this one wasn't. It was perfectly cooked and far from bland, I'd heard that you sometimes have to wait 2 long time for your food but mine was served in just twelve minutes, ‘The only downside was the fact it got so busy; literally the place was already packed by 7p.m. And when | needed to pay the bill, | had to wait a while. But the staff are 80 friendly and helpful it almost seems mean to mention it, On the whole, I'd really recommend going there. I's a great place for a fun night out with friends. Review (Part 2) > WRITING REFERENCE 186 [Gy Read the exam task and write a review, using some of the ideas and language from the review of the Hard Rock Café. You should write 140-190 words. You see this advertisernentin the local paper. Wanted: Restaurant Critics! Have you tried a new restaurant In your area recently? We'd like ‘to know your opinion, not only of the food but also the staff, the atmosphere end the prices. Tell us. whether you would recommend the restaurant to other people. ‘The best review will be published in next week's paper. Write your review. EXAM TIP ‘You should include both postive and negative: comments but don't forget to state your overall opinion,PROGRESS TEST | [Gil complete the sentences with the prepositions [J There is a mistake in each of the following the box. You may need to use them more sentences. Underline the mistakes and correct than once, them. There may be more than one possibility. adaeaden tye keaereails 1. They lve therefor more than twenty years. us nao eu 2 Lun more fastly than he does. 1. Iwasnit expecting him to arrive. He just turned 3 My fiend isn't having much money at the moment. ‘wath no warning 4. The team tried very hardly to win tne match 2. Ihad to tum... the invitation to dinner because | 5 Tmafraid there area very few tickets left for that ‘was working late performance. 3. The restaurant is so popular that people are often 6 That was. far the more expensive holiday we've turned... at he door ever had 4, Getting food poisoning fiom shelish realy turned 7 He has run, which is why he's tired me... eating again 8 That band gets really pooular these days. 6 Thecheftured _..meand blamed meforburning 10. During the storm, ot of roofs were bovn of Leer 11 We were all absolutely frightened by that film 7 When have motetime, tm gongto take... tennis. 12. She used totravel long distances for heryob now ke 13 [tied to getin touch with him but he atready lft 8 [had to leave workat five but friend took _... for the last hour. 14 He was playing the golf when it started raining, 9 The band have completely taken _..1n America: 15_ Did you promise taking her to the shops? ‘everyone loves them 10 I thinkhe must take... his mother. She’ really Ey choose the correct alternative in each of these clever too. sentences. 1. While Iwas tidying my room, | came over/acrossa story BD choose the best answer, A, B, Cor D. edn 1. He snacks alot... meals 2. My taste/feeling in musichas chenged a lot over Abesiies Bon Chetween Drom the years. 2 Irsimpomant to eat a diet _....1n vitamins. 3. My ister’ favourte band have just brought/released a Arch Bhigh Cf D plenty new album, 3 People would be healthier fthey ate less... 00d. 4 My maths teacher's mood is rather unpredicted/ | Afast Baquick — Churned Dspeedy unpredictable. | 4. Neveradd salt toany dish without .....itfirsttoseeif 5 Whats the diferenudference between these ts needed two words? Atasing Booking Cflavourng pouring & Some actors are out of work for years before they 5 Some cultures are known __. theirspicy food finally da/make a Bor od ony 7 I get really annoyed of/by my brother's behaviour 6 What... are needed to make that dish? 8 lama bit short/low of money at the moment. Aparts Bites Cingredients Dpieces 4g. sucidenly, a movement caughtlatracted my eye Ed complete these sentences with one word. 10. We decided not to go because ofthe hard/strong wind. D cma) pees a shops for me? ee | . t ent/unpati | 2. Idor'teat _... eggs these days, ust two a week Coe ae ee cael | re ike §s drunk tall? 3) There’ ..___ milk eftin the fridge. Who's drunk tall 13. Tors not very good at taking/doing responsibilty Ga cca ee 0s 14 itlooks though/lte ts going to rain fater on Se ety comer 15 The situation is extremely embarrassed/embanrassing 6 Alot ofexcellent work __ been done today 7 The orions must _. fled unti they are soft 8 Those chefs... sald tobe extremely talented Progresstest 55PROGRESS TEST | Multiple-choice cloze (Part |) Open cloze (Part 2) [Gi For questions 1-8, read the text below and decide For questions 9-16, read the text below which answer (A, B, Cor D) best fits each gap. There and think of the word that best fits each is an example at the beginning. gap. Use only one word in each gap. Happy families Itcame as no surprise to me when a newspaper article | read (0)... est, claimed to prove that the happiest children tend to be (1)......... children. When I was younger, | used to (2).......having a brother because | thought that parents with just one child were bound to (3)... hem more attention and love them more. My most unhappy childhood memories involve my older brother Thomas. I didn't get (4)....... with him at all land, because he was much bigger than me, he would The coldest city on earth i Although the remote region of Yakutsk in| Siberia covers more than a millon square miles, itis home to (0) than ‘one milion people and has hardly any large towns. In January the temperatures are -45'C, causing the metal on people's spectacles to stick to (9) Locals claim there are (10).. and rivers in the region for each inhabitant to have one. According (11)... always (6).......@ny fights we had. My parents took the | i view that they should not interfere in our arguments, and | legend, when the god of creation arrived made us sort them (6)... ourselves, which meant lorcet that Thomas could do whatever he wanted. his hands were frozen and he dropped all the natural resources there. The capital of | | ' However, the good news about siblings is thet as they | the region, also called Yakutsk, is sixtime | { | | got older, they seem to start valuing each other more. in fact, nowadays Thomas and | are quite (7)... i | suppose this fs not surprising, since we share a | There's no rallway, so travellers have the (8)... that goes back a long way, and no one else | option of a 1,000-mile boat ride up the Lena knows much about it or is very interested in it. river during (13) few months of the year when it isn’t frozen, or they have to use the ‘Road of Bones’, (14), was” built by prisoners and can only be used in Zones away from Moscow. © Alately Brecently Ccurrently presently 1 ony Bsingle — Cunique individual 2 Amis —Bhope — Cwish Deegret winter, when the rivers freeze over. Truck 3 Apay Brake Callow D provide drivers bringing supplies to remote vilages 4 Aon Bhy round Deen 40 in pairs and never turn their engines 5S Awin Bbeat — Csucceed-— Dovercome, (15) ... during the two-week drive. 6 Aof Bover Cout Dthrough (16) they break down on the 7 Anear — Belose —Cfemiler attached used road, it means almost certain death. 8 Astory —Brecod = Chstory narrative 56 Progresstest 1the Anyone for bugs? In the kitchen of the Archipelago restaurant in London, the head chef is making final (0) ppegearations...t0 one of the salads that has helped to make his restaurant so famous, Taking wok off the stove, he spoons a red sauce onto a bed of this could be any other Thai salad, with its chill, garlic and many other (19)... ingredients But it's not ong before you can recognise the shape of an insect — the thin legs, huge eyes and a long tail ofa locust. The less (20) ..cu0u Mong US Would not be too keen on eating insects such as locusts and crickets but they are, in fact, (24)... tasty. Many people find the idea of eating Insects (22)......... However, for around 2.5 billion of the world's population, insects lke these form part oftheir (23)... diet. This is very (24)........88 they are low in fat, high in protein and full of vitamins es well as being energy efficient. Word formation (Part 3) EE) For questions 17-24, read the text below. Use ‘the word given in capitals at the end of some of 1es to form a word that fits the gap in the same line. There is an example at the beginning. PREPARE SPICE SEE COLOUR ADVENTURE ‘SURPRISE FASCINATE. DAY FORTUNE Key word transformations (Part 4) ©) For questions 25-30, complete the second 25 7 28 30 sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. Example: {doct unk John has got hs father’s musica talent AFTER John doesnt appear te take flr... hs father as ar as ‘musica talents concerned. Jula can sing better than me WELL la as Jula ‘A fast food chain has taken aver two of our local restaurants BY Two of our local restaurants. a fast food chain Nearly all the shops n this town are expensive HARDLY TREE vee shops inthis town Itsages since fve seen in Nor I. ages think [forgot to lock the door REMEMBER ..the door My brother often arves unexpectedly TURNING My brothers _-unexpectedly Progress test 1 37Work in pairs and discuss the questions. 1. What kind of live performances do you enjoy? 2 Doyou ever give money to street performers? Why/Why not? Choose the word which does NOT fit in phrases 1-3. 1. The main/mast obviouyhighesvkey (disjadvantage of (being 2 street perforre) is. 2. Another/One further/One aifferent/An addtional (dis)advantage of (working in X) is. 3 ...is a huge/considerabiermajot/iarge (dishadvantage. Work in pairs. What might the advantages and disadvantages of being tus performer and a street performer be? Use the phrases in fun pay practice the rskofinjury thestressof performing _travel__working hours >» EXAM FOC S p207 8 Read the questions and listen to two students, Roberto and Beata, answering question 1. Do you agree with their opinions? 1. Which do you thinkyou need more of, luck or talent, 2 How important do you thinkit is for schools to offer art toall students? 3 What do you think of people who take part in TV talent shows like The X Factor? succeed in the arts? dance and drama classes What language did Roberto/Beata use to 1 askhis/he artner a question? summarise his/ner partners opinion accept his/her partner’ argument{&) Do you think Roberto and Beata answered the question well? EXAM TIP Try toinclude your k partner in the discussion andlisiento j ‘what he/she says. Vocabulary Work in pairs. Discuss the questions in Activity 4, the arts ED complete the sentences with the words in the box. critics production set. scr 1 The snes Ok months to make. 2. The play received good reviews from the 3. This was frst performed in 1922. 4 The was difficult for the actors to learn Look at the paintings. Do you recognise them? Which one do you like the most? Match the words with the pictures. abstract graffiti landscape portrait stillife {1 Work in pairs. Take turns to describe a favourite painting or photograph. Find out as much information as you can about your partner's favourite artist or photographer. Itwas painted by. Ison display in Irmakes me feel Itshows,60 Multiple choice: short extracts (Part |) > EXAM FOCUS 5. (© 1» You will hear people talking in eight different situations. First, underline the key words in question 1. Then listen and choose the best answer, A, Bor C. 1. Onthe radio, you heer @ women talking about a py. What did she disice about the play? A thelighting B themusic € the costumes Check with a partner and answer these questions. Then listen to question 1 again. 1. Was the information in the recording inthe seme order asoptions A, Band.C? 2 Did you hear any of the key words in options A, Bor C? 3) Does the woman make negative comments about all the options, A, BoC? 4. Which words did you hear that refer to lighting, music and costumes? 5 Which words signal whet the woman disiked about the play? © 2 Listen to questions 2-8 and choose the best answer, A, Bor C. EXAM TIP Don't worry if you don't understand every word Just focus on choosing the best option to answer the ‘question 2. You overheara man and a woman talking about a vis tothe theatre, Why do they decide to meet at 6pm? [A The show starts earlier than they had thought, B They want to eat before the performance, They need 10.98: tickers, Unit On cemers You hear someone talking about 2 Where will fans be able to soe the actor next weel? A on the set of his new film B performing on stage © ona TV chat show You hear a woman giving some information on the radio about a comedy festival Why isthe festival going tobe different this year? A The tickets willbe more expensive, B ‘twill be held in a smaller venue € twill be on diferent dates. You hear man interviewing a ballet dancer on the radio. Why is she going to vette later this year? 1A She is worried about getting injured, B She no longer enjoys performing ‘She wants to see more of her far You heara man and a weman talking on the radio about a new art exhibition, What is special about it? B itslocation C itssize You hear an actress being interviewed on the radio. What is the actress doing? {A giving her opinion B describing future events € stating an intention You hear two fiends talking in a café, What are they talking about? A aplay theyre going to see B their favourite actress € acollege production and discuss the questions. Work in pait How often do you go to the theatre/the cinema/ art galleries? Would you be prepared to queue for three hours to See a famous painting? Why? Why not?Future forms >» GRAMMAR REFER E [By Look at the underlined verbs. Which ones are ‘examples of the present continuous, present simple, will, going to and modal verbs? ‘As Who do you thing will get the main part? B: | expect (1) jtllbe Zoe. Shes a good singer and dancer. But it (2) could be Molly. | thought she did a. good audition too. Mr Paton says (3)_he's going to. tellusin cass this week A: When (4) are you starting rehearsals? Br On Friday. (5) i's going to be relly hard work because performances (6) start in three weeks. A: (7) {lLbelp you lear your lines, fyou lke Bs Thanks. That would be very heloful [Ey Match the numbered future forms in the dialogue with their uses A-G. 2n offer 2a fixed arrangement atimetabled event in the future an Intention ~ something that someone has decided todo in the future E a prediction based on a belief or opinion F a prediction —based on fact G afuture possibilty one 1) What words can you use instead of could for ‘example 2 in Activity 17 A ©) © 2" Complete the dialogues with the correct future form of the verbs in brackets. Then listen and check. 1. will/present simple / present continuous A: What (1). .~. {do} this weekend? B: 1@) (Go) to the dance festival in the par. IeSan all weekend. [As On ideally ike to.go but my brother (8) nan (move) house and | have to help him. ‘That's a share! Never mind. m sure you (4) fenjop Yes. It should be fun, especialy as think the weather'll be good 2. going to/ wit /present simple ‘A: HiBen! Are you going to the fim festival atthe weekend? Bs Yes on Saturday. (5) online todey. ‘A: How much are they? 2 Only £15.1 (6) snr Get) you one if you lke That would be great. What time (7) (tart? 0730. But | (8) _ (leave) home early, at sx clock because ofthe trafic Ml pick you upon my way ifyou want (buy) the tickers > Listen again and underline the stressed words in each sentence. Example: iat are you doing this weekend? [© Practise the dialogues in pairs, paying attention to contractions, weak forms and the main stress in each sentence. LANGUAGE TIP Future time expressions: as soon as, when, before, cfier ae used with the oresent simple. ‘As soon as the film ends wellcalla tax. Weil have dinner whven she erives Before you see the fi, you must read the book Shes hoping to becorme an actress after she leaves schoo! aking Tell your partner one hope, arrangement, intention or prediction for syournext holiday, onextyear Unité Cr camera 61Gapped text EXAM FOCUS p.20: salctine Speakin Work in pairs and discuss the questions. Why do you think people still go to the cinema rather than watching films at home? Which are more popular in your country: international blockbusters or independent films made in your ‘own country? Read the title and introduction carefully. Then read the article quickly. Why are blockbusters and’niche’ products doing so well these days? Six sentences have been removed from the text. Look at the text around the first gap and answer the questions. What does That refer back to? How does the information after the gap relate to the information before the gap? ‘What kind of information do you think is missing? What kind of Inking word or expression would you expect to find in the missing sentence? | Look at the options A-G and choose the one that fits the first gap. Then do the same for the rest of the gaps (2-6). There is one extra sentence which you do not need to use. Try to preaict what kind of information willbe in the gap before fooking atthe options, Discuss the questions in pairs. 1. Which niche'or small independent films have been successful in your country? 2 How do you choose what films toread? 3. What effect has digital wechnology had on the film industry so far? What do you think the future of the cinema and entertainment in general wll be? or books Vocabul word formation: adjectives fr nouns nouns from verbs Work in pairs to form the words in questions 1 and 2. Then check with the underlined words inthe article. What are the adjectives from these nouns? access anxiety romance success What are the nouns from these verbs? choose entertain grow live produce separate supply Tick the statements you agree with. Then discuss your opinions in groups, giving reasons and examples. The films | enjoy the most tend to have a happy encing ate usually romantic comedies generally heve amazing special effects always have a great soundtrack are often blockbusters.entertainment More then ever, media is separating into mass | mazkat bleckbusters on the one hand and ‘niche’ prodzcis — attracting small groups of people with similar interests ~ on the other. Everything else is strugg!ing to compete. ce Swanberg makes films about the romantic lives of young people in the city. He shoots quickly with a digital camera and asks actors to wear their own clothes. His low-budget films are hardly ever shown in cinemas. By keeping his costs down and distributing digitally, Mr Swanberg is making a living. Technology was expected to help young people like him. A few years ago it was predicted that the internet would vastly increase the supply of small independent films and other niche media products and increase their audiences, That has cervainly happened. [1 | | Blockbusters are also tightening their grip on audiences, whether it’s in the area of film, music, television or books. The growth of both niche products and huge sell-out successes has been at the expense of the things in the middle which are just quite popular =the neat misses, (27) As in the past, people still want to have something to talk about with their friends Which is why talent shows such as American Idol do pretty much as well as they did ten years, ago, and why the latest blockbuster still breaks new records at the box office. Research shows that people still choose blockbusters more often _ than less well-known books and films. This is. probably because people tend to try only things they have heard of — which for many people _ means only media-hyped blockbusters. Furthermore, all the technology that has made niche content so much more accessible has also proved handy for pushing blockbusters. Missed the last popular film? 3 | Blockbusters are doing well not in spite of the fact that people have more choice in entertainment, but because of it. Imagine walking into a music shop which has more than 10 million songs, as iTunes does, all of them arranged alphabetically. Making up your mind would be impossible! | 4 Is this increasingly more common separation into blockbusters and niches good or bad? It certainly makes life harder for media companies. In a world where entertainment choices are growing, it is more important than ever to make a big impact with your product.( 5[ | The possibility of failing can make people anxious and more conservative, Television programmes must be successful quickly or they will be cancelled. It is becoming even harder to talk the decision-makers in the movie industry into approving films if they are not confident there is a demand for them. These days, with so many options, there is rarely nothing good on television. So the media industry must raise its game, Intelligent people naturally wish that more money were available to produce the kind of music, films and television programmes they like. (6 |] Some may love watching a programme about the history of dance; others may want to spend an hour being told how to look after pet snakes. But not many want to do cither of these things, which explains why such programmes are niche products. There are only a few things that can be guaranteed to delight large numbers of people. They are known as blockbusters. A Don’t worry, because there will be other chances to see it, in a wide variety of formats. B The problem is that everybody has different ideas about exactly what they want to watch. C Hit isn’t a hit, it will have to fight for attention together with thousands ~ perhaps millions ~ of other offerings. D State broadcasters like the BBC have some protection from the poor economic climate E However, so has the opposite. F So, rather than having to decide, it’s much easier +0 just grab what everybody is talking about, G There are several reasons why big hits still do so well. Unit 6 On cameraFuture perfect and continuous > GRAMMAR REFERENCE p 17 Do you agree with these predictions? By 2020, we'll all be watchmg TV programmes in 3D. They might even have found a way to project our faces onto the characters on the screen by then. In twenty-five years, people will have leamt how to monitor the electrome actiity of your brain and when you play video games, your thoughts will be controlling your avatar. Look at the predictions again. 1. Write down the time linkers connected to the future, 2. Underline two actions which began before a specific time in the future and will continue after it 3. Circle two actions which are already over before a specific time in the future Complete the notes. + future continuous: wil/may/might + + ing + future perfect wilémay/might + participle LANGUAGE TIP ‘You can also use the future continuous to talk about things you expect will happen because they usually do Do you think youlP be going to Spain again for your hroiday? Choose the correct alternative to complete the sentences. By 2050... 1 most cinemas will beclosing donn/have closed down. 2. everybody will be using/have used surround sound systerns with their TVs. 3 well be choosing/have chosen from a huge cyber library whatever television programme we want to watch, 4 we will nox be inieracting/have interacted with the screen when we move and speak. 5 they will beinventing/have invented contact lenses with a chip inside so that we can watch the screen in 3D. 6 holographic TV screens will be projecting/have projected’ Images around our rooms at home. Tick the sentences you agree wi Work in pairs. What do you think the world will be like in fifty years’ time? What will have changed and what will be happening? Use the ideas in the box to help you. ‘the environment. leisure time travel work the family food medicine and technologyVocabulary ] Read the text again and decide which answer ; (A,B,CorD) best fits each gap. Get has lots of different meanings. Replace Z] Do you agree with the writer about the get in questions 1-6 with one of the verbs in importance of the computer? What other the box. Then ask each other the questions inventions do you think have had a huge pairs. impact on our lives? become have —move/travel_-_persuade receive understand Tre eS TTT Was thete a subject at school that you really didnt get? What techniques do you use to get people vo do what you want? When do you normally get the time to relax? In which situations do you get angry? How do you get from one place to another? How many texts do you get in an average day? ove Multiple-choice cloze (Part 1) ema aarmonDmussr - IXAM FOCUS 9200 Perino Read the text quickly. What did science fiction bask get right and wrong when it predicted the future? What did it not predict? From fiction to reality EXAM TIP Science fico films hove promised us many exciting Part 1 testslanguage (focusing on vocabulary) such as googets. We have seen toverboords, domestic robots + phrasal verbs (getaway) + collocations (do your homework) of these predictions have not come (1) yet. For + words with similar meanings (travel, mp, journey) ‘example, this morning f didn't (2) ......... to the office. + linking words (athough) ona hoverboord | came (3)... bike insted peareneree arte) ‘The bryce was invented in the nineteenth century Almost the whole (4)... Wes on a form of Tormac, O Assy Ball Ctell — D name ‘so invented that some century Instead ofa pill For breakfast, | had 0 bocon roll FSO, (5) .anu. SOME T Ate Bright Cexact —D conect 2 Aget Barve C weach —_D appear people's surpnse, robots haven't token (6) either the home or the workploce yet 3Aon Bly Cwith Dat 4 Adve B travel C voyage D journey (On the other hond, in 1987, Star Teek predicted we S Atm Bw Cin D against would be using touch screen technology So perhops 6 Aup Boff Cover _—_—D down Fiction doesn't altwoys (7)... ® wrong ofter alt 7 Amake B do ¢ get D take Maybe the most astonishing development has been the microchip ond its ploce in comouters, The (8)... ‘on our lives hos been amazing, ond this wos never really predicted 8 Aend Beffect C result _D solution Unité Oncomera 65> WRITING RE! 0) Read the report which a teacher was asked to write for the director of her language college. Answer the questions in pairs. 1 What was the purpose of her report? 2) What is her recommendation? 3 [sit written in an informal or a serni-formal style? Give examples. Report on suggestion for a college cinema The aim of this report is to outline the advantages and potential problems of | investing money in a small cinema, and make recommendations. In order to do this, both students and staff were consulted. | It was generally believed that a college cinema could have wide-reaching benefits for both students and teachers. It was. ‘suggested that films in other languages as well as English could be shown, which would widen the appeal, and that the cinema might also _be used for conversation classes. The main concerns that were raised are es follows: 1 It would be expensive to set up and run. 2 Since many students watch DVDs on their laptops, they might not be prepared to pay to watch films 3 Only big cinemas have access to blockbusters when they first come out, Tem concemed that the cinema may not pay its way at first. However, all things considered, the benefits outweigh the disadvantages. | would therefore recommend going ahead with the project. 66 Unit 6 On camer [Give each of the four sections of the report a heading, so that itis easier to read. ‘Advantages Potential problems Introduction _ Recommendations ©) Look at the underlined phrases in the text. Find examples of the following and discuss why they are commonly used in reports. 1 passive forms/reporting verbs 2 linking words 3 clauses of ourpose 1 Read the exam task and underline the key words. The director of your college has asked you to write a report on a vist you made toa seltstudy centre at 2 local university. You should explain how successful ithas been ane recommend whether or not your college should have one, Wiite your report to the director, Write your answer [in 140-190 words inan appropriate style, } ©) Divide these points into the advantages and advantages of the study centre you saw. Itis underused at weekends 2. People from the community use the facilities, which helps to fund it 3. Many students stil prefer to study in thelr own rooms. 4. The worksheets provided alve extra practice of classroom work 5 Afulbtime assistant has to be on duty even ifthe centte serpy. 6 The facility helps to attract potential students tothe college 7 Itcosta lot to set up because of all the computers, etc. 8 Whiting materials forthe centre is time-consuming or the teachers. 1D) write your report. You can use some of the points in Activity 5 as well as your own ideas. EXAM TIP. ‘Organise your report under clear headings and include numbers or bullet points to make your points cleatly[El Complete the following sentences, using the correct form of the word in capitals. 1 Comedy stand-up has been my favourte form of since | wasa teenager. ENTERTAIN 2. Therapid of our national film industry has been very welcome. GROW 3 Although Iwasnit inthe audition, was glad Fd taken part SUCCEED 4 The theatre has invested money so that the building 5 ‘to people in wheelchairs ACCESS 5 Hewants to bean actorbuthe is about getting ajob ANXIETY 6 Wewanted to see a film, but there wasn't much CHOOSE BD choose the correct word to complete the sentences, 1. Sorry, | cant conte on Saturday 1 anold schoo| fend for lunch. A mest Bammeetng € will meet 2 Assoonasshe _._._.... will you text me? A phones B willphone —€ will be phoning 3b csesnens My drame course by the end of next year A wrilbe completing 8 willhave completed © am completing 4. Thistme tomorow, in front of hundreds of people Avwalldance — B willbe dancing € dance 5) Dont worry, | havent forgotten. | 0 him later. ‘A speak B willhave spoken © am going io speak 6 Ml meet you after su Work ‘A finish —B amfinishing € willfinish 7 Don'tbe nervous. fm sure you really ‘well tomorrow. Aco Baredoing € willdo 8 Lets huny! They the theatre doors at 7 30 and then you have to watt until the interval 0 go in A close B aegoingtodose —C areclasing E} Complete the sentences with the words in the box. 1 The only way can get talking about dance. 2 GRyUghts isonTV tonight. (never Got. ne sin-fO seeing that in the cinema, 3. Ittook him ages to get of not being in the play. 4 flstay in every night watching TV, ir gets me 5 Comedians can't get wrth simply repeating the same jokes at every performance 6 Everyone says it'a really good series [just carvt get t tomy cousin is by the disappointment {23 complete the sentences with the future continuous form or the future perfect form of ‘the verbs in brackets. 1 I think sti (eam) ry tines until just before the play starts 2. Thefilm may already (start) by the time we get there 3. Ihope they (show) his stil ifes atthe exhibition 4 We might (use) the same costumes in our next production, 5 People will probably stil theatrein fifty years'ume 6 {think people wil. (watch) live ose) interest in computer games a long time before 2020 Ualt6 on comers oYou are going to read an extract from a novel about Ells, a young girl in the 1950s, who is about to leave her home in Ireland to go and live in America. Workin pairs and discuss how you would feel about leaving your family, town and country to emigrate. ‘Uniii now, Fils nad always presumed that she would ive inthe town all her life as her mother hac done, knowing everyone, having the same frends and neighbours the same routines in te samo streis She had expect tha she woul find job inthe town ang then tno @ marry someone and give up the jo and have children. Now, she fl that she was being singled out for something for which se was ‘notin eny vay prepared, and this despite the fear cared with it, gave her a fein, or mare a set of felngs, she thought she might experience inthe days befor her wedding, days in which everyone looked a her inthe rush of arrangements With ght in her eyes, EXAM FOCUS p.202 ©) Read the extract quickly. Does Eilis feel positive about the move? ED) Read the extract again and answer questions 1-3. Choose the answer which you think fits best according to the text. 1 From the first paragraph we understand that Ellis is ‘A wostied about adjusting to the new plans for her future B anxious that she won't be ready in time for her departure. € disappointed about not being able to get married in lreland. upset that she might lose touch with everyone she cares about 2. What impression do you get of ils family? ‘A They don't pay much attention to each other's lives. B They have not yet got over the death of Eilis’ father. € They are used to family members leaving to go abroad They tend to avoid taking to each other about their emotions 3° What did Eilis worry about in bed at night? {A wihether the clothes she had packed were appropriate B whether she would ever feel at home anywhere again © whether she would lke the place where she was going D whether her mother would be lonely when she had gone EXAM TIP 1 Workin pairs and discuss why you chose the answers you did, and why the ‘The other options may ‘other ones weren't possible. seem temping but there'sonlyevdence 5} In what ways do you think emigrating in the 1950s would have been a more fronedhsverinife life-changing experience than itis these days? Vocabulary ci a C er [Bi Work in pairs. For each question, which option is correct? How did you guess? Colm i ib n 1 Inline 19 smail tak means A talked very ite. talked about unimportant things. B talked very quietly. D talked about childish things. 2. In fine 20 resume means AA start doing something again. € discuss the meaning of something, B make a summary of something, D wy to understand why something happened. ED in pairs, try to work out the meanings of these words and expressions from the context. 1. presumed (line 1) 3 losthernerve ine 7) 5 unbldden (line 23) 2. singled out ine 3) 4 taken aback\line 17) 6 dread (Ine 29) (5) Workin groups and discuss the questions. 1 What would you miss most about your home town ifyou had to emigrate? 2 Ae you happiest in familar places and with people you know or are you always looking for new experiences? Unw7 Ahome from home 6970 ‘Agree or disagree with opinions 1-5 about the novel extract on page 68. Give reasons. Example: Father Flood must be aretavion of ils [No he could be a family frien Jack could be Ells father Rose might be Ei sist. Father Flood cantt be living in New York Eills couldn't have realised how her mother was feeling about her leaving, 5 Father Flood may have found Eils the job in America 1 2 3 4 [BD Look at sentences 1-5 again and underline a modal verb in each one. Then complete the ‘gaps in rules A-C with the modal verbs. A. When we are sure something Is true, we use When we aresure something is not tue, we use or (When we think something is possibly true we use oO ED Answer the questi 1. Which sentences in Activity 1 refer to the present? ‘Which refer tothe past? 2 What verb form do we use after the modal in a) the present? 0) the past? LANGUAGE TIP Use the weak form of have /av/ in past models, She must have /mastev/ missed the bus. 1d Choose the best alternative in the following sentences. 1. Hemighv/mustbe here somewhere because he promised to meet me 2 The boat for New York can'/could be leaving already. It’s too ear 3) She must have decided/ must be deciding to stay in the USA. havertt seen her forages. 4 Surely they cant be playing/must be playing football It's snowing! 5 Sam couldritbe/cant have been driving the car, He was athome with me. 6 He may have seen/might be seeing a ghost, But Inever really believed hirn Unit7 A home from home 1B) Work in pairs. Take turns to use the cues in brackets to make responses to the statements. Remember to use the weak form of have for past forms. 1 Az James looks very relaxed these days. - none (Mustigive up/work) 2 As [think tha’ Alfie who's running towards us. nto www. (Cantt/never toke/any exercise) 3A: Florence keeps checking her phone. B Imay/expect/a message) 4 A; It's unusual for Amy nat to come out clubbing. a _. might/ran outéof money) 5 A; It's strange thet we haver't seen Jo and Rebecca for ages. B ronan (MaH/ga/on holiday) As Jess isn't wearing her glasses, but she's as blind as a bat without ther Be cscgnseunmeennnanem (MOy/wear/contact lenses) 7 A: Doyou like theirnew car? Be - (must/spend/a fortune on it) I canit understand where the cat isin allthis ran, mayhnide/in the shed) [© Lookat the picture below. What do you think might be happening?Long turn (Part 2) stating preferences and speculating > EXAM FOCUS p.206 1B) Work in pairs and compare the photographs. Use some of these expressions of certainty, probability and doubt. They seem/appear (tobe) itlookslike/asif they ar). tmus/could/may/cont (be/have done). 1d imagine (that they ar). Jim fily/absolutely certain they are). ‘Asfar as cansee, (hey ar). i suppose ttheyare). They are definitely. Listening ED © 22 Read the exam task. Then listen toa it. Which place did he choose? student doit | Look at the photos, which show unusual places to stay, Compare the photagraphs and say which of the pia you think would be more enjoyable to stay at. Ey Complete these sentences, which focus on ‘expressions of speculation. Then listen again and check. Imnotabsolutely...... what the place on the right i It sm be an underwater hotel. ‘The other one ....tohave been bul in the trees ‘The underwater hotel... quite luxurious. The treehouse... tobe more basic Iewould..... be les expensive to stay at. It_._. bean interesting experience to stay at both of them, 8 Id... the treehouse might not be such fun in bad weather. Nourune 3 Listen again to the sentences from Activity 3 and underline the words which are stressed. Practise saying them with the same ‘certain’ or‘uncertain’ intonation. EXAM TIP In the frst part, surnmanise the mam similanty and ference. Mention any other similares and differences if you have time, Don't describe one picture in detail {i Workin pairs. ‘Turn to page 153 and complete Task 1. Then turn to page 155 and swap roles for Task 2. Unit7 Ahome fiom home ncould use to describe it? breathtaking inspirational fuxurious magnificent mysterious peaceful remote spiritual Underline the stressed syllable in each adjective in Activity 1 and then listen and check. Practise saying the words. ] Look at the dictionary entry and answer the questions, Shangri-La /Jengri ‘la:/n 41 an imaginary remote paradise on earth; utopia 2a distant beautiful imaginary place where everyone is happy from the Longman Dievorary of Contemporary Engish What do you kne hang) The classic tale Of Shangri-La Tinerr Apr Lost Horizon JAMES HILTONMultiple choice (Part 4) > EXAM ©) © 2s You will hear a journalist interviewing a travel writer called Olivia Rees about a place called Shangri-La. First read the questions and options and underline the key words. Then listen and choose the best answer, A, Bor C. EXAM TIP Ifyou cart answer a question during the frst listening, Continue answering the other questions and watt unti the second listening before deciding on an answer Guess ff you are not sure, 1 Why does Olivia say the novel Lost Horizon was so popularin the 19303? A B People believed Shangri-La was a real place People were interested in finding out about Tibet 2. How did the travellers in Last Horizon get to Shangri-La? A Guides took them there B Their plane crashed there. They found it using an old map, 3. What was special about the people of Shangrla? A They wore very wise B They ved a very long time. They could speck every language 4. What does Olivia say about the author James Hilton? A He became a Buddhist. B He only mace one trip to Tibet © He got his ideas from books and magazines 5 Glivia says the similarities between the stories of Shambhala and Shangri-La show that Hilton ‘A was interested in Tibetan culture. B believed such a society could really exist. C was unable to think of original ideas. 6 What information is given about the county of Zhongdian? A twas originally called ShangthLa B ithasa large number of rionasteries thas found a new source of income. 7 Olivia says people who visit modern-day Shangri-La may be A shocked, B confused € disappointed, © Listen again and check your answers to question 1 in Activity 4. 1 Which words from options A, 8 and C are mentionedin the recording? Which words area paraphrase of the correct answer? Wich words show why the wrong options are wrong? have a relaxed pace of life? have/navent lived up to your expectations? are cut off from the outside world? 2 3 (© What places in the world 1 2 3 Vocabulary © Choose the word which does NOT collocate with the noun, 2 domesticfdrect/iong dstance/seosonat figh 2 season/altect/one-way/opendretuin ticket a sightseeing/package/tound/guided tour package/camping/shopping/tourst expedition 2 tours weekend/ong-distance/sightseeing excursion a business/coach/day/roundliect trip EJ ouaune Complete the expressions with the correct preposition. 1 Iv very remote, completely cut outside world 2 He travels all 3. Its the most magical place, quite 4 Theresa world difference between the north and south of the country. fromthe the would with his job. ofthis worl, 5 He has no idea what's going on. He’. aword of his own, 6 They've got the world. their fet. There's nothing they cantt achieve 7 wouldn't lve anyevhere else. This house meons the word me. 8 [imo lucky I've got the best job sem the World, ©) which of the expressions in Activity 8 are similar to expressions in your language? [1 Think of somewhere that’s special to you and use some of the expressions to describe it and how it makes you feel.Relative clauses J» GRAMMAR REFERENCE p.l7. [BD Read the text and guess which place is being described. © Decide which lines contain A. adefining relative clause (provides essential Information) Ba nomdefining relative clause (adds extra information). ED in which line(s) could the relative pronoun A bereplacedby that? B_ beleftout? bereplaced by where? LANGUAGE TIP that «can't be used in non-defining relative clauses + GRAMMAR REFERENCE p.175 [fl choose the correct words to complete the sentences. 1 Ie 1ains sevsucha lt thet no one bothers to cary an umbrella because they're sa/enough used to getting wet 2 Going by taxis vey/too expensive but ittakes too/veny long to walk. 3. The hotelis a ven/such relaving place because it's s0/ too near the beach. 4 There are tocvvery many carson the road and not enough/such bicydes. 5 He's done so/tao much traveling recerly that he's Tired toa/enough to sleep for a week! 6 Very/Such few people have visited it because the location i so/such remote 1} Look at the examples in Activity 1 and complete the rules with so, such, too, enough orvery. Ven es 7G ne B12 USA Deore an adjective. 2 isused after an adjective. 3 sau lf used before countable and Uncountabie nouns. ny men nn a0 USO before te determines much 5 is used to show that there isan excessive amount of something, 6 a ne 1 are used before the Speaking ©) complete the sentences so they are true about you. Then compare with a partner. I haven't got enough time to It's such a long time since Ive Im feeling so excited about I dont think im old enough to I don't think! have enough Ifind it too expensive Key word transformations (Part 4) > EXAM FOCL p20! 1) Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words, including the word given. EXAM TIP Dorit wate more than five words - remember contractions eg, st, cunt as two words. Example: it was the most depressing story have ‘ever heard, NEVER Ihave ene head sucha, depresing story. 1 Itwas too fogay for us to ski. so 108 enn NOES 2) He couldn't afford a taxi, so he went by ous. ENOUGH He oo eenennnmne FO" tex, SO he wert 3. There was so much trafic that we missed the show, SUCH Thee WAS a creunnnnen that We Missed the SHOW. 4 Its possible that you saw a ghost, but Im not convinced, couLD You . _.a ghost, but m not convinced. 5) She is definitely lying, BE She. the tuth. 6 This is possibly where the photograph was taken. May The photograph ere, Unit 7A home Tn 8» WERITING REFERENCE 9.186 [DD Discuss whether you agree or disagree with the statements about travel and say why. 1. Itbrozdens the mind 2 tis better to spend money on possessions. 3 Youdonttneed to travel because you can experience ‘what countries ae like online. 4 Travel develops skills such as self-reliance. 5. Travelis good for the CV. © Look at the essay title and think of points for and against. How would you organise the essay? Some people argue that traveling abroad is @ valuable part of every young person's education, ‘To what extent would you agree with this opinion? Notes Write about: 1+ the cost 2 being independent 3 2b adwartages.— (your own ides) BD Read the model essay. What are the main points and the supporting information in each paragraph? 1D complete the sentences with the linking words/phrases in the box. This if Evenif unless — which sothat 1 you apply fora programme _..... provides accommodation, you sil have to pay forthe fight 2. Many young people work in a restaurant they «an save enough for the fat. 3 You don't gain independence from going abroad you learn the language... al WS you to mix with the people. smn YOU Spend Your time with people of your own ‘ational, t can turn out to be just lke an extended holiday, 76 Unit? A Some people argue that travelling abroad 1p a valuable part of every young person's 1 Te at would you agree with 9 opinion? In some parts of the world, travelling abroad before starting university or finding 2 jo> 1 seen as a very uselul experience to have, However, obviously net everyone can atfore it Even if you apply for a volunteer programme which promdes food and accommodation, you stil have to find the money to travel there. Many yourg people work in a shop or restaurart so that they can save up enough for the air fare. In addition, wt could be argued that you don't necessarily gain independence from gong abroac| unless you leam the language. Ths allows you to mx with the people ling there. If you spend most cof your time with people of your own nationality, 'f can tum out to be Just like an extended holday You may not lear a lot from it On the positive side, having lived in another country 's often an advantage when applying for Jobs because it shows you have expenenceci other cultures and developed some life skils, Fersorally | thing the ideal time to travel is when you are young and have no commitments. Having ‘said that, it 18 not practical for everyone. ©) Work in pairs. Turn to page 159 and follow the instructions. EXAM TIP Include @ range of simple and complex sentences 10 make your essay more effective. LANGUAGE TIP ‘Try to include adverbs which show your attitude, such as Personally, Obviously, Unfortunately 1) Exchange essays with another student and think about the questions. Have you included all the information required? 2. Have you organised the essay into paragraphs? Have you included linking wards? 3._Are your main points backed uo with supporting dewa? 4 Have you included a mix of simple and complex sentences?By complete this story about Mothman, using the correct form of the modals in brackets. Mothman Many years ago a strange creature was spotted in West Virginia in the USA. It looked like a man with wings and most witnesses claim it (1) (mmustibe) nearly two metres tall; others say it (2) (maylhave) eyes in its chest. Nobody is very sure what this creature (3) ..(couldfbe). Some people today think these witnesses (4)... uu (tightfmistake) big owls flying around for the creature. Others feel it © _(mustlbe) a UFO because there were also strange lights around it. And even people who think there (6) (canlbe) such things as a Mothman enjoy watching the films about it or visiting the four- metre sculpture in West Virginia, ©] complete the text by putting the correct relative pronoun in each gap. Cape Cod, (I), _ is referred to locally as ‘the Cape’, is famous around the world as a summer playground for the rich and powerful, Q). . own charming seafront summer houses there. Butitisalso the destination ofchoice formany East-Coast middle-class families, ® _ come to enjoy the relaxing pace of life. It’s a place (4). people come to fish, sail and generally get in tune with nature, It is hard to overestimate the Cape’s stunning beauty. The coast, (5) . faces the Atlantic, amounts to one long, awesome beach, © is backed by giant sand dunes and protected from development. The towns and villages are very attractive, with pretty cottages and clapboard houses, (Mnrcnnciinnne WEEE built by sea captains 200 years ago. However, unlike other US beach destinations such as Florida or California, 8)... itis consistently hot, Cape Cod can be misty and even, chilly occasionally during the summer season. Ey choose the correct word to complete the 1 sentences. We went on an interesting guided ofa fishing vilage ‘A journey € tour B expedition vst Ineed to get a ticket because lam coming back this evening. Around C package Bretun Dect We had to the carand walk home when it broke down Act € abandon B miss D lose She was sure she must have been there before as the med so place Aroutne — usual B ordinary familiar Isa very remote location, completely cut from the outside world Ay cof B out D down The first ume people try sky-diving they sometimes cose ther and carft jump out ofthe plane A fear C read Breve — D wony Unit hominem 77