Iodine value

Material:
• Iodine Monochloride Reagent
• Potassium Iodide
• Standardized 0.1 N Sodium thiosulphate
• 1% Starch indicator solution
• Reagent bottle
• Chloroform
• Fat sample in chloroform
• Iodination flask
• Burette and burette stand with magnetic stirrer
• Glass pipette
• Measuring cylinder
• Distilled water

Method:
1. Arrange all the reagent solutions prepared and the requirements on the table.
2. Pipette out 10ml of fat sample dissolved in chloroform to an iodination flask labeled as “TEST".
3. Add 20ml of Iodine Monochloride reagent in to the flask. Mix the contents in the flask thoroughly.
4. Then the flask is allowed to stand for a half an hour incubation in dark.
5. Set up a BLANK in another iodination flask by adding 10ml Chloroform to the flask.
6. Add to the BLANK, 20ml of Iodine Monochloride reagent and mix the contents in the flask thoroughly.
7. Incubate the BLANK in dark for 30 minutes.
8. Mean while, Take out the TEST from incubation after 30 minutes and add 10 ml of potassium iodide
solution into the flask.
9. Rinse the stopper and the sides of the flask using 50 ml distilled water.
10. Titrate the “TEST” against standardized sodium thiosulphate solution until a pale straw colour is
observed.
11. Add about 1ml starch indicator into the contents in the flask, a purple colour is observed.
12. Continue the titration until the color of the solution in the flask turns colourless.
13. The disappearance of the blue colour is recorded as the end point of the titration.
14. Similarly, the procedure is repeated for the flask labeled ‘Blank'.
15. Record the endpoint values of the BLANK .
16. Calculate the iodine number using the equation below:

Volume of Sodium thiosulphate used = [Blank- Test] ml

 Equivalent Weight of Iodine = 127

Normality of sodium thiosulphate ( Na2S203) = 0.1

2ND METHOD

Estimation of Iodine Value of Oil

Estimation of Iodine Value of Oil

Aim

To determine the amount of unsaturation present in the given oil. ( To determine the
iodine
value of an oil)

Principle

The Iodine number is defined as the number of grams of iodine which will add to 100
grams of fat or oil. Iodine value shows the degree of unsaturation of the constituent
fatty acids in an oil or fat and is thus a relative measure of the unsaturated bonds
present in the oil or fat. Iodine value is expressed in grams of iodine absorbed by 100
gms of oil or fat. Unsaturated compounds absorb iodine ( in suitable form) and form
saturated compounds. The amount of iodine absorbed in percentage is the measure of
unsaturation in the oil. No oil has zero iodine value and oils are classified as drying,
semi drying and non drying on the basis of iodine value. Oleic acid containing 1
double bond absorbs 90% of iodine, linoleic acid (2 double bonds) absorbs 181%
iodine and linolenic acid (3 double bonds) absorbs 274% iodine. Non drying oils have
1 double bond and absorbs iodine below 90%. Semi drying oils contain some
proportion of double bonds and have iodine value below 140.Iodine value for coconut
oil is 8, for olive 88, for human fat 105, for linseed about 200.
Chemicals Required

Wij’s Solution:
Dissolve separately 7.5 gm of AR Iodine tetrachloride and 8.5 gm of resublimed
iodine in
glacial acetic acid by warming on a water bath. Mix the two solutions and dilute to 1
litre with
glacial acetic acid in cold.

Potassium iodide solution ( 15%)

Dissolve 15 gm of AR potassium iodide in 100 ml of water.
Sodium thiosulphate solution (0.1 N)
Dissolve 25 gm of AR sodium thiosulphate crystals ( Na2S2O3 5H2O) in a 1 litre of
distilled water.

Starch indicator solution

1 ml of starch in 100 ml boiling water.

Procedure

Standardisation of Sodium Thiosulphate Solution

1. Pipette out 20 ml of 0.1 N potassium dichromate solution into a clean conical flask.
2. Add 1 test tube of dilute H2SO4 and 10 ml of 15% KI solution to the conical flask.
3. Titrate against thiosulphate from the burette until it turned into pale yellow.
4. Add 1 ml of starch indicator and titrate against thiosulphate solution.
5. End point is disappearance of blue color.

Experimental Procedure

1. Weigh 0.5 gm of oil and transfer into Iodine flask.

2. Add 10 ml of chloroform and warm slightly and cool for 10 minutes
3. Add 25 ml of Wij’s solution in the same flask and shake vigorously.
4. Then allow the flask to stand for half an hour in dark place.
5. Add 10 ml of KI solution and after that titrate the solution against 0.1 N Sodium
thiosulphate solution until the appearance of yellow color.
6. Add 1 ml of starch indicator and again titrate against the sodium thiosulphte
solution from
the burette.
7. Disappearance of blue color indicates end point.
8. Repeat the above procedure without taking sample(ie Oil) and note the
corresponding
reading for blank titration.

Calculation

Titration I
Standardisation of Sodium thiosulphate:
Burette solution :Sodium thiosulphate
Pipette solution :Potassium dichromate
Additional solution :1 test tube of dil H2SO4 solution
Indicator : Starch
End point :Disappearance of blue

Volume of K2Cr2O7 ( V1) =

Normality of K2Cr2O7 (N1) =
Volume of sodium thiosulphate solution (V2) =
Normality of sodium thiosulphate solution ( N2) = (V1 x N2) / V2

Titration II
Estimation of Iodine value:
Burette solution : Std. Sodium thiosulphate solution
Pipette solution : 20 ml of oil
Additional solution : 25 ml of Wij’s solution + 20 ml of KI ( 15%)+50 ml of water
Indicator : Starch
End point : Disappearance of blue color

Iodine value = (V1 – V2) x N1 x Equivalent weight of Iodine x 100

W x 1000
where
V1 = Volume of thiosulphate required by blank,ml N1 = Normality of thiosulphate
V2 = Volume of thiosulphate required by sample,ml W= Weight of the sample
Iodine value = _____________.

Result

The iodine value of the given oil sample was found to be =___________.