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ELECTRICAL INSPECTOR
INSTRUCTORS’ MANUAL
LEVEL I
THE PAGE NUMBER LISTED ABOVE CORRESPONDS TO THE ARTICLE LOCATION IN THE NORTH
CAROLINA ELECTRIC CODE BOOK (THE NEC 2014). THE “TM” NUMBERS TO THE RIGHT OF THE ARTICLE
NUMBERS CORRESPONDS TO THE PAGE NUMBERS IN THE TRAINING MANUAL FOR THE STARTING PAGE
FOR EACH ARTICLE LISTED.
MATERIALS NEEDED:
National Electrical Code (NEC) most recent edition 2014 with NC Amendments.
INTRODUCTION:
This may be the student’s first contact with the National Electrical Code. The Inspector
will be working by these rules for their entire career in the electrical industry. The importance
of learning the purposes and organization of t*he Code cannot be overemphasized.
This lesson should give the students a clear picture of how the Code is organized so they
may find information more easily in later assignments and on the job. The Code is not a set of
laws; it is a set of rules. It is intended for use by governmental bodies exercising legal
jurisdiction over electrical installations and for use by insurance inspectors.
The National Electrical Code, Article 90, Introduction, outlines the purpose and explains
the scope, arrangement, enforcement, and formal interpretations of the Code. It also contains
details of safety examinations of equipment, future wiring expansion and units of
measurement used in the Code.
The purpose of this code is to safeguard people and property from electrical hazards by
outlining provisions that are necessary for safety. Many hazards that occur are due to
overloading wiring systems or exceeding the provisions of this Code; therefore, it is important to
plan for future increases in the use of electricity.
This code is not an instruction manual for untrained persons. Many areas are covered by
this Code, but there are also a lot of areas not covered. Pay close attention to the requirements
listed in Section 90.2.
Remind the students that the chief electrical inspectors usually exercise legal jurisdiction
over electrical installations through city ordinances or laws based on the NEC.
The instructor should lead a class discussion of the material contained in the appropriate
sections of the code. After each section distribute the worksheets for the students to
complete and answer any questions they may have.
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, go over the questions on the worksheet. This is usually a good point to
remind them to work outside of the class on their worksheets.
If time will allow, correct the worksheets and discuss the results.
WORKSHEET
a. The protection of persons and property from hazards arising from the use of
electricity.
b. The practical use of electricity and the protection of property.
c. The safeguarding of persons and property from electrical hazards.
d. The practical safeguarding of persons and property from hazards arising from the use of
electricity.
2. This code contains provisions considered necessary for which of the following?
a. As an instructional manual.
b. As a design specification.
c. Neither of the above.
d. Both of the above.
a. carnivals
b. aircraft
c. floating buildings
d. recreational vehicles
7. The authority having jurisdiction may waive specific requirements in this code or permit
alternate methods by which of the following?
a. By special legislation.
b. By special administrative ruling.
c. By special hearings.
d. By special permission.
8. If specified equipment has been listed by a qualified electrical testing laboratory, then under
any circumstances it is the intent of the Code not to require inspection of the factory-installed
internal wiring at the time of the installation, except for which of the following purposes?
9. Limiting the number of circuits in a single enclosure will minimize the effects from which
of the following from occurring?
a. short circuits
b. ground faults
c. neither of the above
d. both of the above
10. For the purpose of this Code, metric units of measurement are in accordance with the
modernized metric system known as which of the following?
a. SI units
b. IS units
c. Centigrade units
d. Fahrenheit units
ANSWER KEY
OBJECTIVE:
Each student should become acquainted with definitions peculiar to and essential to the
proper use of the NEC.
INTRODUCTION:
This lesson should give the inspector a clear understanding of terms used in the NEC. The
definitions included in Article 100 are terms used in one or more articles of the Code.
Definitions specific to only one section are given in that section. This lesson is limited to Part
A of Article 100 which contains definitions applicable to terms used throughout the Code. It
serves as an example for the instructor to use as various other definitions are discussed.
APPLICATION:
If time allows, have the students answer the questions on the worksheet. CHECKING AND
FOLLOW-UP:
WORKSHEET
a. listed by “UL”
b. any product that has been tested and labeled by a third party independent
safety testing laboratory
c. acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction
d. acceptable when a letter is written by the factory
2. Which of the following is the current in amperes a conductor can carry continuously under the
conditions of use without exceeding the temperature rating of the conductor?
a. A single unit, providing complete and independent living facilities for one or more
persons, including permanent provisions for living, sleeping, cooking, and sanitation
service.
b. A one or two-family, providing complete and independent living facilities for three or
more persons, including permanent provisions for living, sleeping, cooking, and
sanitation.
c. A room in a motel with permanent cooking facilities.
d. An apartment with permanent cooking facilities.
ANSWER KEY
OBJECTIVES:
Each student should become familiar with the terminology used in the NEC and basic rules not found
elsewhere in the Code.
INTRODUCTION:
This article introduces students to the wording used in the Code. This should prevent misinterpreting
certain terminology used in the Code. It also covers basic rules that in general do not fit elsewhere in
the Code.
Mandatory rules in the Code will be indicated by the word “shall”. Anything meant to be
explanatory will be done in a Fine Print Note (FPN).
Any wiring of both equipment and conductors required or permitted by this code shall only be
acceptable if approved. (110.2)
All equipment must be examined and judged as to their approval. Any and all equipment
must be installed according to all listing and labeling. (110.3(B))
All conductors shall be copper unless otherwise stated and sizes shall be that of copper.
(110.5) Conductor sizes shall also be in AWG or circular mills. (110.6)
All wiring and equipment shall be used according to the environment in which it has been approved
(110.11)
All equipment shall be installed in a neat and workmanlike manner. All unused openings in
equipment enclosures shall be closed to the equivalent of the walls of the enclosure. Enclosures of
size large enough for persons to enter for maintenance shall have conductors racked to provide safe
and ready access. [110.12(A & B)]
(This item is covered in more detail in other Sections).
Equipment shall be firmly mounted on the surface on which it is attached and wooden plugs in
masonry shall not be approved. In equipment mounting, consideration shall be given to circulation of
air and heat dissipation so as not to block with adjacent walls and ceilings. [110.13(A & B)]
Ampacity of a conductor is selected so as not to exceed the lowest temperature rating of the
termination. [110.14(C)]
110.14(C)(1)(a) Circuits rated 100 amperes or less or marked for 14 AWG through 1 AWG
shall be terminated with conductors rated 60° C (140° F) unless the equipment is listed and
marked otherwise
110.14(C)(1)(b) Circuits rated over 100 amperes or marked for conductors larger than 1 AWG
shall be terminated with conductors rated 75° (167° F).
All 600 volt and less equipment that requires either inspection or servicing while
equipment is energized requires a space at least 30 inches wide and a depth according to
that in Table 110.26(A).
Working space for equipment operating at 600 volts, nominal, or less to ground and likely to
require examination, adjustment, servicing, or maintenance while energized shall comply with
the dimensions of 110.26(A)(1), (A)(2), and (A)(3) or as required or permitted elsewhere in this
Code.
For equipment rated 1200 amperes or more and over 6 feet wide that contains overcurrent
devices, switching devices, or control devices there shall be an entrance to and egress from
each end of the working space. These entrances shall be at least 24 inches wide and 6 1/2 feet
high. 110.26(C)2 Where the location permits a continuous and unobstructed way of exit travel,
or where the depth of the working space is twice that required by 110.26(A)(1), a single
entrance shall be permitted. 110.26(C)(2) a & b. In all cases where live parts are normally
exposed on switchboards, panelboards, or motor control centers, that may require servicing
while energized, the depth of the workspace in front shall not be less than 3 feet. Table
110.26(A)
Illumination shall be provided for all working spaces about service equipment,
switchboards, switchgear, panelboards, or motor control centers installed indoors and
shall not be controlled by automatic means only. 110.26(D)
2014 NEC Instructor Manual and Student Worksheets -- Level 1 14
The minimum headroom of working spaces about service equipment, switchboards,
panelboards, or motor control centers shall be 2.0 m (61/2 ft). 110.26(E)
Equipment with exposed live parts operating at over 50 volts shall be guarded by one of the
following: 110.27(A)
(4) By elevation above the floor or other working surface of 8 feet for 50 to 300 volts
and 8.5 feet for 301 to 600 volts.
Entrances to rooms and other guarded locations that contain exposed live parts shall be
marked with conspicuous warning signs forbidding unqualified persons to enter. 110.27 (C)
All equipment producing arcs and sparks shall be enclosed and isolated from
combustible material. (110.18)
All equipment shall be marked with manufacturer’s name, trademark or other descriptive
marking, identifying the organization responsible for the product, voltage, current, wattage,
or other ratings required elsewhere in the Code. (110.21)
All disconnecting means for feeders or branch circuits shall be identified. (110.22)
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer questions on the worksheet.
WORKSHEET
a. toggle bolts
b. lead anchors
c. wood screws into wood framing members
d. wooden plugs driven into masonry
3. The largest wire that can be connected by wire binding screws is:
a. #14
b. #12
c. #10
d. #8
4. The minimum width of the working space about equipment required to be serviced while
energized is:
a. 30 inches
b. 36 inches
c. 48 inches
d. not specified in the Code
5. In all cases work space shall permit a panel door to swing to which of the following
degrees?
a. 40
b. 45
c. 75
d. 90
a. dwelling units
b. commercial buildings
c. dwelling units with services rated over 200 amperes
d. all of the above
8. The minimum height of headroom for the workspace in front of a 200 ampere service
panel in an office building is which of the following?
a. 6 1/4 feet
b. 6 1/2 feet
c. 7 feet
d. 8 feet
9. Termination provisions for equipment rated 100 amperes or less shall be considered to
have a temperature rating of which of the following unless the equipment is marked
otherwise.
a. 60° C
b. 75°C
c. 90°C
d. 40°C
10. Dissimilar metals shall not be intermixed within a connector unless the device is?
ANSWER KEY
1. b [110.3(B)]
2. d [110.13(A)]
3. c [110.14(A)]
4. a [110.26(A)(2)]
5. d [110.26(A)(2)]
6. b Table [110.26(A)(1)]
7. d [110.26(D)]
8. b 110.26(A)(3)
9. a [110.14(C)(1)]
10. b [110.14]
11. d [110.15]
OBJECTIVES:
MATERIALS NEEDED:
Samples of white colored conductors, a three wire grounded receptacle, and a screw shell
lamp holder. (Optional)
INTRODUCTION:
When working in an electrical system, it is very important that the electrician know which
conductor is the grounded conductor. The grounded conductor is a system or circuit
conductor that is intentionally grounded. On some systems the grounded conductor is also
known as the “neutral” conductor. It has to be easily distinguished from the ungrounded
conductors. Article 200 gives the requirements of identifying grounded conductors and
terminals.
200.2
(A)With the few exceptions of section 200.2, all premises wiring systems shall have a
grounded conductor. 200.2 (B) The continuity of a grounded conductor shall not depend on a
connection to a metallic enclosure, raceway, or cable armor.
200.3
Premises wiring shall not be electrically connected to a supply system unless the latter
contains, for any grounded conductor of the interior system, a corresponding conductor
which is at the time of installation by a gray marking at its terminations grounded.
Insulated grounded conductors larger than No. 6 can be identified as the No. 6 and
smaller or, at the time of installation by a distinctive white marking at its terminations.
Cover the exceptions noted in Section 200.6 (B).
200.7
(A) A conductor identified as just described shall be used only for the grounded
conductor unless otherwise permitted in 200.7 (B) and (C).
200.7
(C) The use of insulation that is white or gray or that has three continuous white or gray
stripes for other than a grounded conductor for circuits of 50 volts or more shall be
permitted for an ungrounded conductor, switch loops and flexible cords for appliances
where re-identified.
200.9
The identification of terminals to which a grounded conductor is to be connected
shall be substantially white in color. The identification of other terminals shall be of a readily
distinguishable different color.
200.10
This section covers the identification of terminals for devices, receptacles, plugs and
appliances.
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer questions on the worksheet.
1. All premises wiring systems shall have a grounded conductor that is identified in
accordance with which of the following section(s)?
a. 210.6
b. 200.6
c. 215.6
d. 310.16
2. Without exception the insulated grounded conductor, in a multi conductor cable, shall be
identified by a continuous white or gray outer finish or by three continuous white stripes
on other than which color insulation along its entire length?
a. blue
b. red
c. green
d. white
3. An insulated grounded conductor larger than No. 6 may be identified at the time of
installation by all the following EXCEPT for which of the following?
4. The grounded conductor in a flexible cord may be identified by which of the following means?
a. Tinned Conductors
b. Tracer in Braid.
c. both of the above
d. neither of the above
a. metallic enclosure
b. raceway
c. cable armor
d. all of the above
a. I. painting
b. II. other effective means at its terminations and other visible and accessible
locations.
c. Either I or II
d. Neither I nor II
8. For devices with screw shells, which of the following shall the grounded conductor be
connected to?
a. intrinsic connection
b. linear load
c. line voltage
d. designated polarity
10. Where grounded conductors of different systems are installed in the same
raceway, cable, box, auxiliary gutter, or other type of enclosure, the grounded
conductors may be marked in which of the following approved manners?
a. gray, white
b. white, gray with green stripes
c. green, white
d. white, white with green stripes
ARTICLE 200
LEVEL I
ANSWER KEY
1. b. 200.6 200.6
2. c. green 200.6 (E)
3. c. 200.6b
4. c. 200.6 (400.22(B)&(E)
5. d. 200.2(B)
6. a. 200.9
7. c. 200.7 (C)(1)
8. a. 200.10(C)
9. d. polarity 200.11
10. a. 200.6 (D)
OBJECTIVES:
INTRODUCTION:
The branch circuit refers to the circuit conductors between the final overcurrent device
protecting the circuit and the outlets. For definitions of various types of branch circuits, see
Article 100.
210.1
This Article covers branch circuits except for branch circuits which supply only motor loads, which
are covered in Article 430. This Article applies to branch circuits with combination loads. Also,
branch circuits for electrolytic cells are covered in Section 668.3(C).
210.2
There are many applicable provisions of other articles of this code which apply to branch
circuits as well as this Article. Section 210.2 contains a list of these other articles.
210.3
The maximum permitted ampere rating or setting of the overcurrent device shall classify branch
circuits. If larger conductors are used for any reason, the overcurrent device shall determine the
circuit classification. The rating for other than individual branch circuits shall be 15, 20, 30, 40, and
50 amperes. Exception: Multioutlet branch circuits greater than 50 amperes permitted in industrial
premises under certain conditions. This was added in the 1984 Code so industries could have a
welder circuit, over 50 amperes at several locations, at one time.
210.4(A)
A multiwire branch circuit may be considered as multiple circuits and all conductors of a multiwire
circuit shall originate from the same panelboard or similar distribution equipment.
210.4(C)
Multiwire branch circuits shall supply only line to neutral loads. Exception 1: Only one utilization
equipment. Exception 2: Where all ungrounded conductors of the multiwire branch circuit are
opened simultaneously.
210.4 (D)
All conductors of a multiwire circuit shall be grouped at least once within the
panelboard. As outlined in the exception this is not a requirement for cables or
raceways that are unique to the circuit and makes the grouping obvious or are
identified by numbers at the terminals with the appropriate circuit number.
210.5(A)
The color code for branch circuit grounded conductors shall be in accordance with 200.6
210.5(C)
Where the premises wiring system has branch circuits supplied from more than one
nominal voltage system, each ungrounded conductor of a branch circuit, where accessible,
shall be identified by phase or line and system at all terminations, connections, and splice
points.
210.8(A)
Dwelling Units – explain GFCI protection for 125 volt 15 and 20 ampere receptacles Go over
specific locations in 210.8(A)(1) – (10). Note: These requirements are only for dwelling units.
See definition of “dwelling unit” in Article 100. Note: 210.8(A)3 for NC Amendments.
210.8(B)
Note: Eight locations for “other than dwelling units” Other articles require GFCI protection:
555.19(B)(1), 511.12.
210.19
Branch circuit conductors shall have an ampacity of not less than the maximum load to be
served. See Section 210.19 for details on multi-outlet branch circuits, cooking appliances, etc.
210.21
Outlet devices shall have an ampere rating not less than the load to be served. See
Section 210.21 A and B. Show and discuss tables 210.21(B)(2) and (B)(3).
210.23
The maximum load shall not exceed the rating of the branch circuit or other specified
conditions of the code. Discuss permissible loads for specific branch circuits located in
sections 210.23(A), through 210.23(D). See Table 210.24 for a summary of branch circuit
requirements.
1. dwelling units
2. guest rooms
3. show rooms
4. rooftop heating, air conditioning and refrigeration equipment
Review required lighting outlets for dwelling units and guest rooms in Section
210.70.
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer questions on the worksheet.
If time allows, correct the worksheets and discuss the results. Insure students
understand Article 210.
WORKSHEET
1. Branch circuits shall be rated by which of the following?
A. Maximum permitted ampere rating.
B. Maximum setting of the overcurrent device.
C. Both of the above
D. Neither of the above
2. Which of the following statements about the color codes for branch circuits is/are
correct?
a. A only
b. B only
c. Both A and B
d. Neither A or B
3. Under certain conditions, a receptacle may be mounted not more than which
of the following inches below a kitchen countertop.
a. 16 inches
b. 10 inches
c. 8 inches
d. 12 inches
4. In places, other than dwelling units, GFCI protection shall be installed in all
the locations below with the exception of?
a. Bathrooms
b. Commercial and institutional kitchens
c. Outdoors in public places
d. At a convenience store behind the cash register
6. Branch circuit conductors shall have an ampacity not less than which of the
following?
7. The rating of a branch circuit supplying only store lighting shall not be less than which of the
following?
9. Which of the following statements is/are permissible loads for branch circuits?
11. At least one wall receptacle shall be installed in the bathroom of all dwellings at no more
than which of the following distance?
13. At the front and back of a two-family dwelling an outdoor outlet shall be
provided in which of the following manners?
a. At the point of exit, but not greater than 6 feet above grade.
b. Accessible from grade level and not more than 6 1/2 feet above grade level.
c. Accessible from the exit and not more than 3 feet above grade level.
d. Accessible from the HVAC system and not more than 6 feet away.
14. Appliance outlets installed in a dwelling unit for specific appliances, such as laundry
equipment, shall be installed within which of the following?
a. 18ft
b. 6.5ft
c. 3ft
d. 2ft
1. C 210.3
2. a 210.5
3. d 210.52 (C) (5) Ex to (5)
4. d 210.8(B) Ex.
5. c 210.8(A)(1-8)
6. 3. b, maximum 210.19(A)(1)
7. d, 125% 210.19 (A)(1)
8. b 210.20(A)(1)
9. d 210.22
10. d, six 210.52(A)(1)
11. a, basin 210.52(D)
12. a 210.63
13. b 210.52(E)
14. b 210.50 (C)
15. b 210.52 (E)(3)
OBJECTIVE:
Each student should become acquainted with the installation requirements and minimum size and
ampacity of conductors for feeders supplying branch circuit loads.
INTRODUCTION:
The word “feeder” refers to all circuit conductors between the service equipment or the source of
a separately derived system and the final branch circuit overcurrent device.
The branch circuit loads are computed in accordance with Article 220.
215.9 Ground Fault Protection for Personnel: Explain the principle and emphasize why and where it is
most likely to be used.
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer questions on the worksheet. CHECKING
AND FOLLOW-UP:
WORKSHEET
1. Feeder conductors shall have an ampacity not lower than required to supply the load as
computed in which of the following parts of Article 220?
4. A diagram showing feeder details shall be provided prior to the installation of the
feeders in which of the following circumstances?
6. Feeders supplying 15 and 20 ampere receptacle branch circuits may be protected by which
of the following in lieu of regular GFCI outlets.
7. The minimum size of the feeder circuit grounded conductor shall not be smaller than
the provisions given in which of the following?
8.Where a feeder supplies branch circuits in which equipment grounding conductors are
required, the feeder shall include or provide which of the following in accordance with the
provisions of 250.134, to which the equipment grounding conductors of the branch circuits
shall be connected.
ANSWER KEY
OBJECTIVE:
Each student should become acquainted with the requirements for determining the number of
branch circuits required and for computing branch circuit, feeder, and service loads.
INTRODUCTION:
This lesson introduces the student to basic electrical formulas and methods used to determine
sizes of branch circuits, feeders, and services. Emphasis on the standard method and optional
method calculations will be used.
The relationship of amperes, ohms and volts can be expressed by the following formula
(known as Ohm’s Law).
I=E
R
Ohm’s Law can be modified to solve practical problems involving a house wiring circuit.
W=ExI
Thus, if we know that a lamp is 120 volts and 200 watts, the amperes flowing through it
can be found.
120 volts
Lead the class through a calculation of a single-family dwelling using the standard method
and the optional method.
Given a 2,800 square foot dwelling with 120/240 volt single-phase service with the
following loads:
1. Find the General Lighting Load. Use Table 220.12 to determine floor area. 220.12 says
that the floor area for each floor shall be computed from outside dimension of the
building but not including open porches, garages, or unused or unfinished spaces not
adaptable for future use.
2,800 sq. ft. x 3 VA = 8,400 VA
Section 210.11(C)(1)requires two or more 20-ampere small appliance branch circuits for
all receptacles in the kitchen, pantry, breakfast room, and dining room in a dwelling and
Review Table 220.55 explaining the use of columns A, B, and C and the notes to the
table.
The load for household electric clothes dryers in a dwelling unit shall be 5,000 watts
(VA) or the nameplate rating whichever is greater.
2014 NEC Instructor Manual and Student Worksheets -- Level 1 39
Demand factor for one 5KW dryer from Table
220.54 5,000 @ 100% = 5,000 VA Dryer Load = 5,000
VA
Section 220.53 allows a demand factor of 75% to the nameplate-rating load of four or
more appliances fastened in place or a feeder or service entrance for a residential dwelling.
Disposal = 800 VA
Compactor = 600 VA
Dishwasher = 1,200 VA
Attic Fan = 1,080 VA
Water Heater = 4,500 VA
TOTAL = 8,180 VA
Demand factor for 8,180 VA x 75% = 6,135 VA Fixed
appliance load = 6,135 VA
Section 220.61 requires that the feeder neutral load be the maximum unbalanced load
between the neutral and any one ungrounded conductor. A further demand factor of
70% is permitted for that portion of the unbalance load in excess of 200 amperes
except when that load consists of electric-discharge lighting data processing supplied
from a 4-wire, wye connected 3 phase system.
Section 220.82 permits the feeder and service load for a dwelling unit having the total
connected load served by a single 3-wire 120/240 volt or 208Y/120 volt set of service-
entrance or feeder conductor with an ampacity of 100 or greater computed in
There are two loads that are calculated when applying the optional method: Use
220.82. Other loads and remainder of other loads.
1,500 VA x 2 = 3,000 VA
1,500 VA = 1,500 VA
Nameplate rating of all fastened in place appliances, ranges, wall-mounted ovens, and
counter mounted cooking tops.
Disposal 800 VA
Compactor 600 VA
Dishwasher 1,200 VA
Attic Fan 1,080 VA
Clothes Dryer 5,000 VA
Range 12,000 VA
Water Heater 4,500 VA
2 Small Appliance Circuits 3,000 VA
1 Laundry Circuit 1,500 VA
TOTAL: 38,080 VA
21,232 VA Heating
or Air Conditioning Load:
The smaller of the heating or air conditioning load is dropped after applying the demands as
specified in 220.82(C). Compare Heating and Air Conditioning
2014 NEC Instructor Manual and Student Worksheets -- Level 1 42
Central Electric Space Heating:
240 volts
Section 220.82 permits the feeder and service load for a dwelling unit having the total
connected load served by a single 3-wire 120/240 volt or 208Y/120 volt set of service-
entrance or feeder conductor with an ampacity of 100 or greater computed in
accordance with Section 220.82 instead of the method specified in Part II of this article.
There are two loads that are calculated when applying the optional method: Use
220.82. Other loads and remainder of other loads.
1,500 VA x 2 = 3,000 VA
1,500 VA = 1,500 VA
Compactor 600 VA
Dishwasher 1,200 VA
TOTAL: 25,180 VA
26,500 VA
38,080 VA
21,760 VA
Heat Pump Compressor with supplemental heat operating at the same time:
Supplemental heat:
15,000 VA x 100% = 15,000 VA
Heat Pump Compressor:
6,000 x 65% = 3,900 VA
I = W/E = 40,660 VA = 169.4 amps
240 Volts
Service Load = 169 amperes
APPLICATION:
If time allows, let the class time to answer questions on the worksheet.
1. Given a 3,200 sq. ft. dwelling with 120/240V, single phase. Find the minimum lighting
load demand for the General Lighting.
a. 14,100 VA
b. 4,935 VA
c. 9,600 VA
d. 6,885 VA
a. 9 KW
b. 8 KW
c. 6.3 KW
d. 12 KW
3. How many two wire branch-circuits are required in an 1,800 sq. ft. dwelling with three
bathrooms? The dwelling is supplied by a 120/240V, single phase service.
4. Given a 2,800 sq. ft. dwelling with 120/240V, single phase service and the following
loads:
Range = 12,000 VA
Dryer = 5,000 VA
Water Heater = 4,500 VA
Dishwasher = 1,200 VA
15 KW Central Heating = 15,000 VA
Air Conditioning = 6,000 VA
b. 100 amperes
c. 167 amperes
d. 130 amperes
2014 NEC Instructor Manual and Student Worksheets -- Level 1 45
5. Given the same information as in problem #4, find the Neutral Load.
a. 100 amperes
b. 69.8 amperes
c. 116.9 amperes
d. 65 amperes
6. Given the same information as in Problem 4, compute the service load using the
Optional Calculation.
a. 189 amperes
b. 150 amperes
c. 125 amperes
d. 169 amperes
7. Using the optional method of calculation, determine the load that would be added to
the service for a 3 HP, 240, volt, single phase heat pump compressor with supplemental
heating rated at 15 KW. The control circuitry is not interlocked to prevent the heat
pump compressor and the supplemental heating from operating at the same time.
a. 17 amperes
b. 19.6 amperes
c. 57.63 amperes
d. 62.5 amperes
a. Article 220
b. Article 626
c. Article 511
d. Article 551
ANSWER KEY
1. d, 6,885 VA
({[(3200 x 3) + 3,000 + 1,500] - 3,000} x 35%) + 3,000 = 6,885
2. b, 8 KW (Table 220.55)
3. a, 3-15 ampere branch circuit and 4.20 ampere branch circuits
([1,800 sq. ft. x 3 VA per sq. ft.]/120)/15 = 3.15 ampere branch circuit plus 4-20 amp
4. c, 167 amperes
2,800 x 3 = 8,400
4,500
12,900 - 3,000 = 9,900
5. b, 69.8 amperes
6. c, 125 amperes
HEAT 15,000 x .65 = 9750 VA (AC = 6,000 VA) HEAT is larger
13,830 VA
8. b. Article 626
OBJECTIVE:
Each student should become familiar with electrical equipment and wiring located on the outside
of buildings, structures or poles on the premises served.
INTRODUCTION:
Circuits run on the exterior of buildings or between buildings and or other structures are
considered outside branch-circuits or feeder. For example, circuits supplying parking lot lighting are
cover by Article 225. There are many other Articles in the Code that deal with outside circuits and
they should also be consulted when the need arises. One such example is the wiring around a
swimming pool.
In order to determine the load on outdoor branch circuits you should consult with Article 220.
Also, the load on outdoor feeders shall comply with Part II of Article 220.
Where open wiring on insulators is within 10 feet of buildings it shall be covered or insulated.
See Section 225.4 for different types of coverings for various situations.
See Tables 310.16 through 310.31 for information on conductor sizes. Conductor minimum sizes
for overhead conductors 600 volts, nominal or less shall be No. 10 copper or No. 8 aluminum for spans
up to 50 feet in length and No. 8 copper or No. 6 aluminum for longer spans.
Festoon lighting is a string of outdoor lights suspended between two points. For such lighting
overhead conductors shall not be smaller than No. 12. unless supported by messenger wires. See
Section 225.14 for more information on festoon lights. (225.6)
When lighting equipment is installed outdoors, the branch-circuits shall comply with Article 210
and 225.7(B-D).
The disconnecting means for branch circuits and feeder fuse shall be in accordance with Section
240.40 and overcurrent protection shall be in accordance with Section 210.20 for branch circuits and
Part I of Article 240 for feeders.
Where more than one disconnecting means is provided at structures other than dwelling
units a plaque or directory must be installed at each disconnect location.
The restrictions on wiring for outside wiring surfaces of buildings are covered in Section 225.10.
When dealing with circuit entrances and exits, see the requirements listed in Section 230.52, and 54.
Supports over buildings, points of attachment, and means of attachment are covered in
Section 230.29, 26, and 27 respectively. Ground clearances are outlined in Section 225.18.
Conductor clearances from buildings of not over 600 volts, nominal have several
requirements. Conductors that are not adequately insulated for normal operating voltage
shall have an 8 foot vertical or diagonal clearance from a roof surface unless they meet one of
the 4 exceptions listed in Section 225.19(A). Clearances from non-bridge or non-building
structures such as signs, chimneys, etc. shall not be less than 3 feet for conductors in vertical,
diagonal or horizontal positions.
Horizontal clearances shall not be less than 3 feet for conductors. Final spans of feeders
or branch circuits to a building shall be permitted to be attached to the building if kept 3 feet
from windows, doors, porches, fire escapes or similar locations; however, when conductors
run above a window it shall be permitted to be less than 3 feet. See Section 225.19(E) for
clearances in zones for fire ladders.
Live vegetation, such as trees may not be used to support overhead conductor spans or
other electrical equipment, except when used in accordance with Article 590 concerning
temporary wiring. (225.26) See 410.16(H) for support of outdoor lighting fixtures in trees.
APPLICATION:
If time allow, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
WORKSHEET
1. When without messenger wires, overhead conductors for festoon lighting shall not
be smaller than:
a. #14
b. #12
c. #10
d. #8
2. Overhead conductors for 600 volts and less installations, up to 50 feet in length
and not supported by a messenger wire, shall be a minimum size in copper of:
a. #12
b. #8
c. #10
d. #6
3. Open conductors of a 480/277 volt overhead feeder shall have a minimum clearance
over a residential driveway of:
a. 10 feet
b. 12 feet
c. 15 feet
d. 18 feet
a. 10 feet
b. 12 feet
c. 15 feet
d. 18 feet
a. 15 feet
b. 18 feet
c. 25 feet
d. 40 feet
a. 3 feet
b. 6 feet
c. 5 feet
d. 10 feet
7. Which of the following may not be used to support overhead conductor spans?
a. brackets
b. live vegetation
c. poles
d. racks
8. More than one feeder or branch circuit is permitted, by the NEC, to supply a
building or structure, for all the reasons listed below with the exception of
power for which of the following?
a. convenience
b. fire pumps
c. enhanced reliability
d. optional standby systems
a. RMC
b. IMC
c. FM C
d. P VC
ANSWER KEY
1. b, #12 225.6(B)
2. c, #10 225.6(A)(1)
3. b, 12 feet 225.18(2)
4. a, 10 feet 225.4
5. d, 40 feet 225.6(B)
6. a 225.19(D)(1) exception]
7. b. live vegetation 225.26
8. a, convenience 225.30(A)
9. c. 225.22
OBJECTIVES:
Each student should become familiar with the NEC requirements for electrical services.
INTRODUCTION:
This lesson will cover areas relating to services including service conductors and service
equipment.
230.1
Explain "service" definitions in Article 100.
230.2
The general rule on services is that only one service is allowed per building. There are six
exceptions to this rule.
230.3
Service conductors shall not pass through the interior of another building or structure.
230.6
When applying the Code to service conductors, conductors shall be considered outside the
building if under 2 inches of concrete beneath the building, within a building in a conduit
encased with 2 inches of concrete or brick, in an approved transformer vault, installed in
conduit and under not less than 18 inches of earth beneath a building or other structure, and
when RMC or IMC passes directly through the eave, but not the wall of the building.
230.7
Conductors on the load side of the main overcurrent device shall not be run in the same
raceway with service conductors.
230 Part II
Service overhead conductors to a building or other structure (such as a pole) on which a meter
or disconnecting means is installed shall be considered as a service drop and installed
accordingly. See definition of “service drop”.
230.22
Individual conductors shall be insulated or covered. (see exception)
230.23(A)-(C)
Conductors shall be a sufficient size to carry the load served and except in the case of limited
loads of a single branch circuit, not smaller than #8 copper or #6 aluminum. In the case of a
single branch circuit, the conductors shall not be smaller than #12 or equivalent. Grounded
conductors to be sized per 250.24(C).
230.24(A)
Service conductors that pass over a roof shall have a clearance of 8 feet from any point which it
crosses with four exceptions. See 230.24(A)(1)-(5).
Area above a roof subject to pedestrian or vehicular traffic shall meet the same requirements
for conductor clearance as any other.
230.24(B)(1)-(4)
Clearance of service conductors to final grade when the voltage is less than 600 volts shall
match the following:
1. 10 feet- clearance to drip loop from final grade above sidewalks and other areas
subject to pedestrians when limited 150 volts to ground.
3. 15 feet - over residential property, driveways and commercial areas not subject to truck
traffic.
230.26
The point of attachment shall be no less than 10 feet from grade.
230.40
The general rule for service entrance conductors is that each service drop shall supply only
one set. There are five exceptions. Review these exceptions.
230.41
Service entrance conductors shall be insulated. The grounded conductor may be uninsulated in
the following cases: (a) bare copper in a raceway or cable; (b) bare copper for underground
direct burial where judged suitable for soil conditions; (c) direct burial without regard to soil
conditions when part of an approved direct burial cable; and (d) aluminum or copper clad
aluminum when part of a cable assembly or identified for underground use or direct burial.
230.42b
In addition to the requirements of 230.42(A), the minimum ampacity for ungrounded
conductors for specific installations shall not be less than the rating of the service
disconnecting means specified in 230.79(A) through (D).
230.43
The wiring method for service entrance conductors shall comply with 230.43.
230.46
Unless otherwise approved by exceptions, you cannot splice service entrance conductors.
See exceptions to 230.46
230.50(B)(1)
Service entrance conductors above ground shall be protected against physical damage in
one of the following ways:
230.50(B)(2)
Open conductors and cables other than service entrance cables shall not be installed within
10 feet of grade level with the exception of MI and MC cable.
230.51(A)
SE cables shall be supported every 30 inches and within 12 inches of a service head
gooseneck or raceway connection. Open conductors exposed to weather
shall be on insulating supports, racks, or brackets. If not exposed to weather on glass, on glass
or porcelain knobs. Both the above shall be spaced and maintain the clearances in Table
230.51(C).
230.53
Where subject to moisture, raceways shall be rain-tight and arranged to drain.
230.54
Service heads connecting to a raceway must be rain-tight. If run in cable, a service head
that is rain-tight or gooseneck must be used. In the case of a gooseneck, it must be
taped and sealed. Service heads must be located above the point of attachment or in
case this cannot be done, not more than 24 inches from service head. Conductors of
opposite polarity shall not be brought through the same hole. Drip loops shall be made
to prevent entrance of moisture.
230.56
The outer covering of the conductor in a high-leg system that has the highest voltage
to ground shall be colored orange. This high leg occurs when you have a delta
connected service and the mid-point of one phase is grounded.
230.62
Service equipment must have live parts protected from accidental contact by either
guarding or by meeting clearance requirements of Sections 110.18 and 110.27 and
have doors that can be locked.
230.66
Service equipment rated at 1000 volts or less shall be marked to identify it as
being suitable for use as service equipment.
230.70
Service disconnect means shall be located nearest the point of entrance at a readily
accessible location either inside or outside of the building. It must be marked and
identified as service equipment and must be approved for conditions. See and
handout DOI interpretation of 230.70(A).
230.71
There shall not be more than six disconnects per service or per set of service entrance
conductors. These disconnects shall be grouped in one enclosure or in up to six separate
enclosures. Two or three single pole switches or breakers capable of individual operation
used as a multiwire circuit, tied together with handle ties can be considered as one
disconnect.
230.77
The disconnect shall be externally operable so as not to expose the operator to live
parts and shall plainly indicate whether it is open or closed.
230.79
Rating of service disconnects shall be determined by Article 220 but in no case less
than the following: (A) 15 amperes for limited loads of a single circuit, (B) 30 amperes
for two 2-wire branch circuits, (C) for single family dwelling 100 amperes 3 wire in (1)
computed loads of 10 KVA or more (2) six two wire circuits, (D) all others 60 amperes.
230.80
The combined rating of all disconnects shall not be less than that would be
required for a single disconnect.
230.82
Review this section thoroughly.
230.90
Each ungrounded service conductor shall be provided an overcurrent device in series
with that conductor for overload protection. The only exceptions to this rule would be as
provided elsewhere in the Code or for fire pumps which are capable of carrying locked
rotor current indefinitely. The neutral shall not be broken through an overcurrent device
unless, at the same time, breaking all ungrounded conductors.
230.91
Service overcurrent device shall be an integral part of the service disconnecting means
or adjacent to it.
230.95
Solidly grounded wye structures at more than 150 volts to ground and not over 600
volts phase-to-phase shall be required to have ground fault protection at each service
disconnect means rated 1,000 amperes or more. It shall open all ungrounded
conductors with a maximum setting of 1,200 amperes with a time delay of one second
for each fault current equal to or greater than 3,000 amperes. If a combination of switch
and fuse is used, the fuse shall be capable of interrupting any current higher than the
interrupting capacity of the switch during the time the ground fault system will not
cause the switch to open.
See two exceptions. Also note that Section 230.95(c) requires performance testing.
APPLICATION:
If time allows, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
WORKSHEET
2. Conductors shall be considered outside of the building when installed by the following:
a. rigid conduit
b. in a service entrance cable inside the building encased in 2 inches of
concrete
c. in a transformer vault conforming to Article 450
d. where run under the building without conduit
a. 2 feet
b. 3 feet
c. 4 feet
d. 5 feet
a. #6 copper or #6 aluminum
b. #8 copper or #6 aluminum
c. #10 copper or #8 aluminum
d. #8 copper or #8 aluminum
5. Where conductors are rated at 120/208 volts and crosses only 3 feet of roof
overhang and terminates at rigid conduit, the clearance above the roof is:
a. 10 inches
b. 12 inches
c. 14 inches
d. 18 inches
a. 10 feet b. 12 feet
b. 12 feet d. 18 feet
7. The minimum size service disconnecting means to a single family dwelling is:
9. Service entrances cables must be secure in accordance with which of the following?
a. 24 inches b. 30 inches
c. 36 inches d. 48 inches
10. What is the maximum number of service disconnects allowed for a service?
a. 4 b. 5
c. 6 d. 7
11. Ground fault protection is required on a solidly grounded wye system if over 150
volts to ground if the service disconnect is rated at greater than______ amperes.
a. 800 b. 1,000
c. 2,000 d. 3,000
12. More than one service is permitted on a building or structure for all the
reasons listed below with the exception of?
ANSWER KEY
1. a, 1 230.2
3. b, 3 feet 230.9
6. d, 18 feet 230.24(B)
8. d 230.46
9. b, 30 inches 230.51(A)
10.c,6 230.71(A)
OBJECTIVES:
1. an understanding that in electrical work every circuit must be provided with overcurrent
protection.
2. knowledge of the National Electrical Code 2014 standard ampere ratings.
3. knowledge about applications of overcurrent protection.
MATERIALS NEEDED:
INTRODUCTION:
In electrical work every circuit must be provided with overcurrent protection. It may be a 13,200
volt transmission line carrying 200 amperes, or it may be a 120 volt lighting circuit carrying a load of 10
amperes. Each must have some form of protective device for the possible overload of current for the
protection of both circuits and equipment.
We know that excessive current may seriously damage electrical equipment, motors, instruments,
radio receivers, etc. Fuses and circuit breakers are cheap compared with the equipment you are
protecting. When the fuse which is connected in series with equipment is blown, the circuit will open
before the excessive current damages the equipment.
It is important that you always use fuses or circuit breakers with proper current ratings. In
protecting equipment, to use fuses with too low current rating will result in unnecessary blowouts
while one with too high current rating may allow dangerously high currents to pass.
Fuses are used for protection so never jump out a fuse. Do not increase the size of a fuse unless
and until you are sure it would be in compliance with the NEC.
In this lesson we will be studying parts I through VII of Article 240 in which we are primarily
concerned with the simple circuits requiring the common types of overcurrent protective devices such
as, the plug fuse, circuit breakers and cartridge fuses.
The list of Articles shown in Table 240.3 is the specific Articles that cover
protection of equipment. You can refer to this list to find what Article covers the
protection of a specific piece of equipment.
Emphasize that once the derating of any conductor occurs, that Section 240.4 (B) does
not apply. The derated wire must not be attached to the next higher rated overcurrent
device, but must be set back to the next LOWER OCPD.
In general, conductors other than flexible cords and fixture wires, shall be protected
against overcurrent in accordance with their ampacity as specified in Tables 310.16 through
310.19 and their notes.
You should study and be familiar with the standard ampere ratings for fuses and
inverse time circuit breakers listed in Section 240.6.
A thermal cutout, thermal relay, or other thermal device designed to protect motor
branch circuit conductors from overload and not designed to open short circuits shall not be
used to protect conductors against overcurrent due to short circuits or grounds.
Where a change occurs in the size of the ungrounded conductor, a similar change shall
be permitted to be made in the size of the grounded conductor.
Except for multiple occupancy building and guest rooms in hotels and motels under
continuous management supervision, overcurrent devices shall be readily accessible to
the occupants.
Overcurrent devices shall be located where they will not be exposed to physical
damage or located in the vicinity of easily ignitable material such as in clothes closets. Branch
circuit, Service and Feeder overcurrent devices are not allowed in bathrooms located in
dwelling units or guest rooms of hotels and motels.
Fuses and circuit breakers shall be so located or shielded that persons will not be
injured by their operation or movement of their handles or levers.
Plug fuses and fuseholders shall not be used in circuits exceeding 125 volts between
conductors except in circuits supplied by a system having a grounded neutral and having no
conductor at over 150 volts to ground.
Each fuse, fuseholder, and adapter shall be marked with its ampere rating.
The screw shell of a plug-type fuseholder shall be connected to the load side of the
circuit.
Edison-base plug fuses shall be classified at not over 125 volts and 30 amperes and
below. They shall be used only for replacements in existing installations where there is no
evidence of overfusing or tampering. Emphasize this concept!
Edison-base fuseholders shall be installed only where they are made to accept Type S
fuses by the use of adapters. (240.52)
Type S fuses shall be classified at not over 125 volts and 0 to 15 amperes, 16 to 20
amperes, and 21 to 30 amperes. They shall not be interchangeable with a lower ampere
classification and so designed that they can not be used in any fuse holder other than Type S
fuseholders or adapters. [240.53 (A) (B)]
Type S fuseholders and adapters shall be designed so that no fuse other than a Type S
fuse can be used in them. Type S adapters shall fit Edison-base fuse holders and shall be so
designed that once inserted in a fuseholder, they cannot be removed. Type S fuse, fuseholders,
and adapters shall be so designed that tampering or shunting (bridging) would be difficult.
They shall be standardized to permit interchangeability regardless of manufacturer. [240.54 (A-
E)]
Cartridge fuses and fuseholders of the 300 volt type shall not be used in circuits of over
300 volts between conductors except in circuits supplied by a system having a grounded
neutral and having no conductor at over 300 volts. [240.60(A)]
0 - 6000 ampere fuseholders shall be so designed that it will be difficult to put a fuse of
any given class into a fuseholder that is designed for a current lower or voltage higher than
the class to which it belongs. Fuseholders for current limiting fuses shall not permit insertion
of fuses that are not current limiting. [240.60(B)]
Cartridge fuses and fuseholders shall be classified according to voltage and amperage
ranges, fuses rated 600 volts, nominal or less, shall be permitted to be used for voltages at
or below their ratings.
2014 NEC Instructor Manual and Student Worksheets -- Level 1 66
Circuit breakers shall be trip free and capable of being closed and opened by manual
operation. They can be operated by other means as electrical or pneumatic if manual
operation is also provided.
Circuit breakers shall clearly indicate whether they are open "off" or closed "on". If
operated vertically, the "up" position of the handle shall be the "on" position. Refer back to
Sections 240.33 and 240.81.
A circuit breaker shall be designed to require dismantling or breaking of a seal for any
alteration of its trip point or the time required for its operation for other than intended
adjustments.
Circuit breakers shall be marked with their ampere rating in a manner that will be
durable and visible after installation. If rated at 100 amperes or less and 600 volts or less they
shall be marked into their handle. When other than 5,000 amperes the interrupting rating shall
be shown on the circuit breaker.
When used as switches in l20-volt and 277-volt fluorescent lighting circuits, circuit
breakers shall be marked "SWD" or HID. High-intensity discharge lighting circuits shall be
listed and shall be marked HID. [240.83(D)]
It should be noted that circuit breakers with a slash voltage rating (for example
120/240V) should not be applied in circuits where the voltage to ground exceeds the lower
of two voltage ratings.
Temperature ratings of circuit breakers should be discussed at some point while on the
subject of circuit breakers.
APPLICATION:
If time allows, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
WORKSHEET
1. Which of the following is provided for conductors and equipment to open the circuit if
the current reaches a value that will cause an excessive or dangerous temperature in
conductors or conductor insulation.
a. Heat value
b. Ampere rating
c. Circular mils
d. Minimum circuit ampacity
5. Plug fuses shall not be rated over which of the following volts?
a. 125 volts
b. 600 volts
c. 300 volts
d. 400 volts
a . 6’7”
b . 8’6”
c . 6’
d . 7’6”
7. The screw shell of a plug-type fuseholder shall be connected to which side of the
circuit?
8. An overcurrent device shall be connected with each grounded conductor in which of the
following manners.
a. parallel
b. sequentially
c. thermally
d. series
10. A feeder consists of two 500 kcmil THW copper conductors connected in parallel. The
maximum rating of the overcurrent device protecting the feeder is:
a. 800 amperes
b. 600 amperes
c. 750 amperes
d. 400 amperes
a. accessible
b. readily accessible
c. easily accessible
d. nearly accessible
12. When overcurrent devices are installed, they shall not be installed so as to be which of
the following?
13. Circuit breakers may be capable of being electrically opened if they are also
capable of being opened in which other manner?
a. Electronically
b. Normally
c. Separately
d. Manually
14. Which of the following four items of information are not required on each
cartridge fuse?
a. amperage rating
b. date of manufacture
c. voltage rating
d. interrupting rating
15. Which of the following is not a standard ampere rating for a circuit breaker?
a. 25 amperes
b. 110 amperes
c. 45 amperes
d. 55 amperes
17. Which of the following is the maximum size type S fuse in amperes?
a. 20 amperes
b. 30 amperes
c. 50 amperes
d. 60 amperes
18. A 120 volt or 277 volt circuit breaker used to switch fluorescent lighting circuits shall be
marked as which of the following?
a. SWD
b. HID
c. CO/ALR
d. Either a or b
19. Tap conductors permitted to be made without overcurrent protection that are
rated at 27 amperes would be provided with an OCPD at which of the following
ratings?
a. 30 amperes
b. 25 amperes
c. 20 amperes
d. 35 amperes
20. Flexible cord used in listed extension cord sets shall be considered to be
protected when?
a. the load is limited to the rating of the overcurrent device protecting the
branch circuit..
b. applied within the extension cord listing requirements.
c. GFCI devices are installed.
d. limited to use on lighting circuits and no greater than a 20 ampere
overcurrent is installed.
ANSWER KEY
OBJECTIVE:
Each student should know the importance of grounding and the general requirements
for grounding and bonding electrical installations.
INTRODUCTION:
Using Soares book "Grounding Electrical Distribution System for Safety" go over the history of
grounding. Cover the reasons for grounding: (1) limit voltage due to lighting, line surges, or
unintentional contact with higher voltage line; (2) to stabilize the voltage to ground during normal
operations; and (3) to facilitate overcurrent device operations in case of ground faults.
When grounding electrical systems care must be taken that methods are used to prevent
objectionable flow of current over the grounding conductor. Temporary currents resulting from
accidental conditions such as ground-fault currents are not objectionable currents. This is the
purpose of grounding connections. 250.4 (A)
Once it has been determined that a premises system is required to be grounded there are
several places the grounded electrode conductor (GEC) may be connected to the grounded
(neutral) conductor.
Note: Go over definitions of grounded electrode conductor, grounded conductor, and grounding
electrode.
The grounded electrical conductor shall be connected at any accessible point from the load end of
the service drop or lateral to and including the terminal or bus to which the grounded service
conductor in the service disconnection means is connected.
Note: Some power suppliers by their conditions of service, require the GEC to be
attached at the service head or may prohibit it from being connected in their metering
equipment.
The grounding conductor must be brought to the service equipment when an AC system
operates at less than 1000 volts and is grounded. The minimum size is based on Table 250.66
but is not required to be larger than the largest ungrounded conductor.
Note: Required to provide an effective path for ground fault currents to facilitate overcurrent
devices. [250.4(A)(5)]
Where one building or structure is fed from another building and there are no metallic paths
between them the second building shall have the AC system grounded circuit conductor and
the metal enclosure of the building disconnection means connected to a required grounding
electrode. Where there is only one branch circuit and there is nothing in the building that
requires grounding the grounding electrode is not required.
When an equipment grounding conductor (EGC) is run with the circuit conductors feeding
into the second building the grounded circuit conductor (neutral) need not be connected to a
grounding electrode at the second building where the equipment grounding conductor (EGC)
is brought to the second building it is used to ground any noncurrent-carrying equipment,
interior metal piping systems or structural frames and bonded to the building disconnecting
means. The equipment grounding conductor must be connected to any existing grounding
electrode and if none exist then one must be provided if there is more than one branch
circuit at the second building.
Note: 250.32(D) requires alternations if the disconnecting means is not located in the second
building.
UCC — ungrounded circuit conductors GCC — grounded circuit conductor EGC — equipment
grounding conductor GEC — grounding electrical conductor BJ — bonding jumper
1. Main Bonding Jumper — A bonding jumper shall be used to connect the grounding
conductors to the grounded conductor. This shall be done at any point from the
source to the first disconnection means. The bonding jumper is sized based on the
derived phase conductor in accordance with 250.28.
2. Grounding Electrode Conductor — The GEC is used to connect the conductor required
to be grounded to the grounding electrode. This connection is to be made at any point
from the source to the first disconnection means. The GEC is sized based on the derived
phase conduction in accordance with Section 250.66.
3. Grounding Electrode — The GEC shall be the nearest available effectively grounded
structural metal member; or the nearest available effectively grounded metal water
pipe; or other electrode if the first two are not available. (250.50)
Enclosure Grounding
Metal enclosures are required to be bonded and grounded and continuity of metal
raceways assured. This is required to provide an effective path for ground fault current.
Short section of metal enclosures for support or protection of cable assemblies are not
required to be grounded. Example- short section of EMT run exposed down a wall to
protect a NM cable.
Methods of Grounding
Example: Pole lighting circuits must contain an EGC to ground the noncurrent carrying
metal as the pole light a driven ground rod at the pole does not meet the requirement
of this Section, but can be installed as supplemental grounding.
The grounding electrode used to ground an AC system of a building shall be the same
electrode used to ground raceway and equipment in buildings as well as other services
in the building. Multiple electrodes effectively bonded together shall be considered as
one. (250.58)
Bonding
Bonding is provided to assure electrical continuity and to conduct safely any fault
current.
Service raceways, service equipment enclosures, and raceway enclosing the GEC all
must be bonded together. An intersystem bonding termination for connecting
intersystem bonding and grounding conductors required for other systems shall be
provided external to enclosures at the service equipment and at the disconnecting
means for any additional buildings or structures. In existing buildings or structures, an
accessible means external to enclosures for connecting intersystem bonding and
grounding electrode conductors shall be permitted at the service equipment and at
the disconnecting means for any additional buildings or structures by at least one of
the following means: (250.94)
Bonding of metal raceways containing circuits of over 250 volts to ground other than
service conductor shall be bonded the same as service raceways. When punched
knockouts (not oversized, concentric, or eccentric) the following shall be permitted:
A main bonding jumper shall be a wire, bus, screw, or similar suitable conductor.
[250.28(A)]
The main bonding jumper is sized to be not smaller than the sizes given in Table 250.66
based on the size of the installed service conductors.
Solution: Table 250-66. Use column for Aluminum conductor, find 4/0 size
conductor and read across to #4 copper on #2 aluminum conductor.
The equipment bonding jumper on the load side of service equipment is sized using
Table 250.122 based on the overcurrent device supplying circuit therein.
Example: A 200 amperes feeder supplies a panelboard. The metal conduit must
be bonded in the service equipment. What size equipment bonding jumper is
required to bond this conduit?
Solution: Using Table 250.122 go to column for overcurrent sizes- read down to 200
amp- go over to #6 copper or #4 aluminum.
The interior metal water piping system (this water piping system may not meet
requirements to be considered a grounding electrode) shall be bonded to the (1)
service equipment enclosure (2) grounded conducted at the service, or (3) the
grounding electrodes. The bonding jumper is sized using Table 250.66. The point of
attachment shall be accessible. (250.104)
In multiple occupancy building where the interior metal water piping system is "high and
dry" and isolated from other occupancies by use of nonmetallic water piping, the
interior metal water piping for each occupancy may be bonded to the subpanel with a
bonding jumper sized according to Table 250.122. (Use size of overcurrent feeding
subpanel) The equipment grounding conductor for the circuit servicing equipment that
may energize other metal piping shall be permitted to bond said piping.
A metal underground water pipe (in direct contact with earth for 10 feet or more) and
the effectively grounded metal frame of the building shall be bonded together
to form a grounding electrode system. The bonding conductor is sized based on 250.66.
All electrodes present must be used. (250.50)
A rod, pipe, or plate electrode must have a resistance to ground of 25 ohms or less or be
augmented by one additional electrode. Multiple rods, pipes, or plates must be at least 6
feet apart. (250.56)
Grounding Conductor
The electrical grounding conductor (EGC) shall be in one continuous length; solid or
stranded, insulated, covered or bare and of copper, aluminum, or copper-clad aluminum.
of Type MC cable.
9. Cable trays.
10. Other metal raceway listed for grounding.
Flexible metal conduit and Liquidtight flexible metal conduit may be used for grounding
when they meet requirements listed in Sections 250.118, 349 and 350.
The GEC or its enclosure shall be securely fastened to the surface on which it is carried. A
#6 or larger GEC, when free from physical damage may be installed without protection
when securely fastened. GEC smaller than #6 shall be
Metal enclosure for GEC shall be electrically continuous from the cabinet or
equipment to the grounding electrode. If not they shall be made electrically
continuous by bonding each end to the GEC. [250.62(E)]
GEC's are sized as per Table 250.66 unless it is the sole connection to such made
electrode as discussed in 250.66 (A). Where the grounding electrode conductor is
connected to rod, pipe, or plate electrodes as permitted in 250.52(A)(5) or (A)(6),
that portion of the conductor that is the sole connection to the grounding
electrode shall not be required to be larger than 6 AWG copper wire or 4 AWG
aluminum wire.
The EGC is sized based on Table 250.122. Show these tables and explain.
The connection of the GEC to the grounding electrode shall be accessible. The
connection shall be by one of the following methods: (250.70)
1. Exothermic welding
2. Listed lugs
3. Listed pressure connectors
4. Listed clamps
5. Other listed means
EGC shall be spliced or joined in accordance with Section 110-14(B) except for
insulation, when more than one EGC enter a box. The removal of a receptacle,
fixture or other device shall not interrupt the grounding continuity.
APPLICATION:
GROUNDIN
2014 NEC Instructor Manual and Student Worksheets -- Level 1 80
G
ARTICLE 250
LEVEL I
WORKSHEET
1. A “system bonding jumper” is which of the following?
a. the connection between the grounded circuit conductor and the equipment
grounding conductor at a separately derived system
b. the connection between the grounded circuit conductor and the equipment
grounding conductor at the service.
c. the connection between two or more portions of the equipment
grounding conductor.
d. the permanent joining of metallic parts to form an electrically conductive
path that ensures electrical continuity and the capacity to conduct safely any
current likely to be imposed.
a. I only
b. II only
c. both I and II
d. neither I nor II
a. I only
b. II only
c. both I and II
d. neither I nor II
5. The maximum required size copper grounding electrode conductor to a ground rod
with paralleled 4/0 TW service conductors is:
I. 1/0 copper
II. 6 copper
a. I only
b. II only
c. both I and II
d. neither I nor II
a. #12
b. #14
c. #10
d. #8
a. the connection from the equipment ground to all non current carrying
metal parts.
b. the grounding conductor on the load side of the service disconnecting
means.
c. the connection between the grounded circuit conductor and the equipment
grounding conductor at the service.
d. the conductor from the grounded conductor to the grounding electrode.
a. #6
b. #8
c. #10
d. #14
9. Which of the following shall not be used to connect grounding conductors or connection
devices to enclosures?
a. Pressure connectors
b. Sheet metal screws
c. Exothermic welding
d. Listed clamps
10. Electrical continuity for bonding service equipment shall be assured by the following
method(s):
I. Bonding jumper
II. Neutral conductor
a. I only
b. II only
c. both I and II
d. neither I nor II
13. Air Terminals conductors, driven rods, pipes or plate electrodes used for grounding air
terminals shall not be used in lieu of which of the following?
15. The equipment bonding jumper on the load side of the service overcurrent devices
shall be sized, as a minimum, in accordance with the sizes listed in Table 250.122,
but shall not be required to be larger than the largest ungrounded circuit conductors
supplying the equipment and shall not be smaller than which AWG?
a. 14
b. 12
c. 10
d. none of the above
16. Which of the following shall not be permitted to be used as an effective fault-
current path.
a. #8
b. #6
c. #4
d. #2
18. All metal enclosures for service conductors and equipment must be properly?
a. painted
b. bonded
c. sealed
d. grounded
20. A grounded circuit conductor may be used to ground the frame of a range under
which of the following conditions?
a. In new installations.
b. In existing installations.
c. In new multi-family dwellings.
d. In new apartments and townhouses.
21. A metal underground water pipe may serve as a grounding electrode under which of
the following conditions.
22. The grounded conductor for a service shall not be smaller than the size of the:
24. Rod and pipe electrodes must not be less than how many feet in length?
a. 4
b. 6
c. 8
d. 10
25. For a grounded system, a main bonding jumper is required to connect which of the
following?
a. equipment grounding conductors
b. service equipment enclosure
c. grounded service conductor
d. all of the above
26. Which of the following may not be used for attaching grounding conductors to
circuits or equipment?
a. copper conductor
b. aluminum conductor
c. copper-clad aluminum
d. all of the above
28. In an existing branch circuit installation where a grounding conductor is not present in
the junction box, it is permissible to utilize a neutral conductor as an equipment
grounding conductor. The minimum size is not to be less than?
a. # 10 copper or # 8 aluminum
b.# 8 copper or # 10 aluminum c.#
6 copper or # 4 aluminum d.This is
not allowed.
a. Lightning
b. Line surges
c. Unintentional contact with higher voltages
d. Ungrounded circuits
30. System grounding electrode conductors of the following size(s) are required to be
installed in a metallic raceway for mechanical protection.
a. 4
b. 6
c. 8
d. all of the above
a . 1/2 x 1
b . 1/2 x 2
c . 1/4 x 2
d . 1/4 x 3
ANSWER KEY
OBJECTIVE:
INTRODUCTION:
Explain to the class that you will cover Article 280 parts I, II, and III. Types and sizes of
conductors utilized depend on KV of Circuit.
Cover Article 280 in NEC, where arrestors are to be connected, one to each ungrounded
conductor, to the grounded service conductor, or grounding electrode conductor. Conductor size
will differ in circuits of 1 KV and over. Arrestors may be located inside or outside. The selection of
surge arrestors depends on voltage.
APPLICATION:
If time allows, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
WORKSHEET
a. I only
b. II only
c. Both I and II
d. Neither I nor II
2. For circuits of 1 KV and over, The conductor between the surge arrestor and the line and
surge arrestor and the grounding connection shall not be smaller than:
(a) #8 Copper
(b) #6 Copper
(c) #4 Copper
(d) #3 Copper
3. Surge arresters shall comply with all the following with the exception of
a. The rating of the surge arrester shall be equal to or greater than the maximum
continuous operating voltage available at the point of application
ANSWER KEY
1. a, 280.11
2. b, 280.23
3. d 280.4(A)
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson, each student should be familiar with various wiring
methods for all types of wiring installations.
INTRODUCTION:
In the USA, cable wiring is probably the most recognized wiring method, especially for
residential-type construction. The general requirements for wiring methods are listed
in the National Electrical Code, Article 300.
This assignment contains information about overcurrent protective devices and fuses,
sizes of conductors, types of conduit, installing boxes, grounding conductors, and
various raceways. This information will be very useful to the students in their daily
work on the job.
The students may not realize the fact, but it requires a skilled craftsman to make a
concealed electrical installation in an old building. It is essential that they leave the
building in good repair when they are finished.
The instructor should lead a class discussion of the material found in the assignment.
The students should have read the assignment and have questions for discussion ready
to present.
300.3 Conductors
Various single conductors must comply with wiring methods in Chapter 3 of the Code.
Discuss the housing or enclosure requirements of conductors of the same and
different circuits.
300.7, 8 Raceways
Raceways should not be exposed to a wide range of different temperatures, particularly
the circulation of warmer air to a colder area through the raceway. This could cause
condensation and create damp conditions in the raceway. In addition, raceways should
allow for thermal contraction and expansion by having adequate expansion joints. No
electrical conductor shall be installed in a raceway with other service pipes or tubes
other than electrical.
300.20 Induced Currents in Ferrous Metal Enclosures and Ferrous Metal Raceways. Explain
methods of controlling induced currents in metal enclosures with individual
conductors and grouped conductors.
WORKSHEET
1. The provisions of this Article are not intended to apply to which of the following?
2. All conductors of the same circuit and where used, the grounded conductor and which of the
following shall be contained in the same raceway, cable tray, trench, cable or cord.
a. damp
b. dry
c. wet
d. hazardous
4. Where cables or wires are installed through bored holes in wood members, the holes shall be
bored so that the edge of the hole is not less than how many inches from the nearest edge
of the wood member.
a. 3 inches
b. 2 inches
c. 1 5/8 inches
d. 1 1/4 inches
5. The minimum cover requirement for direct buried cable of 1000 volts or less not
protected by concrete is:
a. 18 inches
b. 16 inches
c. 24 inches
d. none of the above
a. 24 inches
b. 12 inches
c. 6 inches
d. 18 inches
a. 3 AWG or larger
b. 2 AWG or larger
c. 1 AWG or smaller
d. 4 AWG or larger
a. Schedule 40 rigid
b. Schedule 80 rigid
c. Schedule 120 rigid
d. Schedule 60 rigid
a. moisture
b. hazardous gases
c. hazardous vapors
d. all of the above
a. an insulated bushing
b. approved fill material
c. a non-explosionproof seal
d. an explosionproof seal
11. Raceways or cable trays containing electrical conductors shall not contain other
services such as the following?
a. Water lines
b. Air lines
c. Gas pipes
d. all of the above
12. Conductors shall be continuous between outlets, devices, etc., and there shall be no
splice or tap within a raceway itself, unless permitted by which of the following?
a. 300.15 (A)
b. 368.56(A)
c. 376.56
d. All of the above
13. A box or conduit body shall not be required for each splice, junction, switch, pull,
termination, or outlet points in wiring methods, such as wireways, multioutlet
assemblies, auxiliary gutters, and surface raceways if they are equipped with
which of the following?
a. a cover
b. an accessible removable cover
c. a readily accessible removable cover
d. an accessible cover
14. Regulating the number and size of conductors in any raceway is important to allow for
which of the following?
a. Table 300.5
b. Table 300.19(A)
c. Table 310.16
d. Table C.11
16. Phase conductors carrying alternating current that are installed in metal raceways shall be
arranged to avoid heating the surrounding metal by which of the following?
a. induction
b. convection
c. radiation
d. thermal expansion
18. Which of the following wiring systems may be installed in ducts used for
environmental air?
a. MI Cable
b. MC Cable
c. EMT
d. All of the above
19. Where nonmetallic-sheathed cables pass through either factory or field punched,
cut, or drilled slots or holes in metal members, the cable shall be protected by
which of the following?
a. listed bushings
b. listed grommets
c. Either A or B
d. Neither A nor B
a. 1 1/4 inches
b. 1 inch
c. 3/4 inch
d. 1 3/4 inch
a. 5/8 inch
b. 1 1/2 inches
c. 2 inches
d. 3/4 inch
ANSWER KEY
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson, each student should be familiar with the
requirements for conductors for general wiring.
INTRODUCTION:
Conductors for general wiring come in different sizes as well as having different insulation on
the conductor. It can come in single conductors or in a cable assembly. The conductors can be
solid or stranded also copper, aluminum, or copper clad aluminum. As voltages change, so can
the requirements for conductors. In this lesson we will take a look at these different
requirements.
MATERIALS NEEDED :
Samples of different kinds of conductors (i.e. single conductor, cables, conductors with
different types of insulation.
Conductors and cables used in wet locations must be (1) moisture impervious metal
sheathed, (2) type MTW, RHW, RHW-2, TW, THW, THW-2, THHW, THWN, THWN-2, XHHW,
XHHW-2, ZW or (3) listed for wet locations. (310.10[C])
Conductors used for direct burial shall be of a type identified for such use. (310.10[F])
Conductors exposed to direct sunlight must be listed as sunlight resistant or covered with a
material listed and marked as sunlight resistant. (310.10[D])
Read carefully about conductors installed in parallel in section 310.10 (H), paying close
attention to the exceptions and Conductor and Installation characteristics.
Conductor must not exceed the temperature for which it is rated. ( 310.15 [A] 3)
Review ampacities for general conductors and Tables 310.15. Show the students how to interpret
the Tables. Note changes to numbering (e.g. 310.16 is now 310.15[B] 16)
There is also a temperature adder for conductors exposed to sunlight on rooftops. (310.15
[B] 3.c, see exception for XHHW-2)
Note that 310.15(B)(3)(a) has further reductions for more than 3 current-carrying
conductors in a raceway or cable or where spacing is not maintained. The neutral shall not
be counted when making these demand calculations except per 310 15 (B) 5.
Note 310.15 (B) 7 which deletes the table and replaces it with a reduction to 83% of required
ampacity. (see example D-7 in Annex D)
The minimum size of conductors for various voltages are found in Table 310. 106(A).
Conductors in this article shall be of aluminum, copper-clad aluminum, or copper unless otherwise
specified. (310.106[B])
When installed in raceways, conductors #8 and larger shall be stranded unless specifically permitted
or required elsewhere in this code. (310.106[C])
Conductors shall be insulated unless specifically permitted elsewhere in the code. (310.106[D])
Conductors must be marked with maximum voltage, conductor or cable type, manufacturer's name or
trademark, and wire size at intervals not to exceed 24” or 40”. (310.120[A&B])
Metal-covered multi-conductor cable shall have a marker tape within the cable along its entire length.
Exceptions would be MI cable, AC cable, MC, ITC or PLTC cable.(310.120 [B]2)
APPLICATION:
If time allows, let the class answer questions on the worksheet.
WORKSHEET
1. The largest solid conductor that can be pulled in a raceway unless specifically permitted
or required elsewhere in the code:
a. #14
b. #12
c. #10
d. #8
a. 1/0
b. 2/0
c. 3/0
d. 4/0
3. Cables and conductors marked THW with maximum voltage of 600 volts
manufacture southwire must have this marking not exceeding
a. 40 inches
b. 36 inches
c. 30 inches
d. 24 inches
a. 16
b. 14
c. 12
d. 10
a. 75
b. 74.8
c. 85
d. 65
a. #4
b. #2
c. #1/0
d. #2/0
7. Six 1/0 THW copper conductors are run in parallel, in the same raceway, two conductors
per phase, on a three phase system. The conductors must be derated to what percent
of their normal ampacity.
a. 20 percent
b. 30 percent
c. 60 percent
d. 80 percent
ANSWER KEY
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson, each student should be familiar with the requirements applying
to installation and construction specifications of cabinets, cutout boxes, and meter socket
enclosures.
MATERIALS:
Cover the requirements included in section 312.3 as they apply to cabinets that are placed in
walls of the various types of materials. The requirements for unused openings are covered
elsewhere in the Code 110.12(A) and need to be touched on lightly. Cover Section 312.4 for
repairing noncombustible surfaces.
The requirements included in Tables 312.6(A) and 312.6(B) are very important and should
be covered in detail. Show these Tables on overhead and explain.. Panelboards and other
types of overcurrent equipment are listed. The space requirements in these tables is
necessary to determine intended use of the equipment.
The requirements in Section 312.6(C) are important and emphasis should be placed on
protection of the cable sheath.
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
If time will allow, correct the worksheets and discuss the results.
WORKSHEET
1. The cabinet for a flush panelboard installed in a non-combustible wall shall be installed
no farther than which of the following from the wall surface?
a. 1/8 inch
b. 1/2inch
c. 3/8 inch
d. 1/4inch
2. Non-metallic cable (Type NM) is used for both the feeder and branch circuits for
a panelboard installation. Each cable is required by Code to be:
3. Three 250 KCmil copper conductors enter a panelboard enclosure opposite their
termination point on the terminal of a circuit breaker. The minimum amount of
wire bending space required for this panelboard is which of the following?
a. 2 1/2 inches
b. 4 1/2 inches
c. 5 inches
d. 9 inches
4. Three 250 KCmil conductors enter a panelboard enclosure at right angles to their
termination point on the terminal of a circuit breaker. The minimum amount of
wire bending space required for this panelboard is which of the following?
a. 4 1/2 inches
b. 5 inches
c. 8 inches
d. 10 inches
a. 4 mm
b. 6 mm
c. 1/8”
d. 1/16”
ANSWER KEY
OBJECTIVE After completing this section the code official should be able to:
b. Calculate minimum size for outlet boxes and conduit bodies based on the
number of conductors and devices installed
INTRODUCTION
Review the scope of Article 314 and identify the type of boxes typically used in residential
and small commercial installations. Identification of the various types of boxes and conduit
bodies and as well as proper sizing of outlet and junction boxes including minimum
dimensions of pull and junction boxes for conductors size #4 and larger will be discussed.
This article also covers fittings used to connect raceways and cables to boxes and conduit
bodies.
Emphasize that the ability to apply the requirements of Article 314 for boxes and conduit
bodies is an essential skill for a Level 1 code official. Article 314 covers the installation and
use of all boxes and conduit bodies. Refer back to Section 300.15 as covered in a previous
lesson for information on where boxes are required. If available provide samples of
different types of boxes and conduit bodies. Remind course participants that requirements
in other articles are also applicable to the installation of boxes and conduit bodies including
Article 250 Grounding and Bonding. Cover the topics from the course outline as thoroughly
as possible within the time allowed. Use in-class exercises to reinforce covered topics if
time allows or provide exercises as handouts for home study.
In Class exercise
1) Assuming a 0.5 cubic inch plaster ring is installed, what is the minimum standard
size metal switch box required to accommodate the conductors and devices in
the diagram #1? Note: Standard NM cable connectors are installed with the
clamping means outside of the box.
Begin with 314.16(B)(5): All equipment grounding conductors are connected together and
counted as a single conductor based on the largest equipment grounding conductor in the
group. In this case a #12 conductor. The required volume allowance for a #12 conductor is
2.25 cubic inches (Table 314.16(B). The required allowance for the equipment grounding
conductors is 2.25 cubic inches.
Section 314.16(B)(4) requires a double volume allowance for each device yoke containing
one or more devices. In this case we have two devices, a single pole switch and a duplex
receptacle. Each will require a double volume allowance based on the largest conductor
connected to the device. For the switch connected to the #14 conductors this would be 2 X
2 cubic inches for a total of 4.0 Cubic inches. The receptacle is connected to #12
conductors so the volume allowance for the receptacle is 2 X 2.25 cubic inches for a total of
4.5 cubic inches. Adding the 4.0 cubic inches required for the switch to the 4.5 cubic inches
for the receptacle gives a total volume allowance for the installed devices of 8.5 cubic
inches.
Section 314.16(B)(3): There are no luminaire studs or hickeys installed in this box.
Section 314.16(B)(2): There are 3 cable clamps installed, but the clamping means is located
outside of the box. No volume allowance is required.
Section 314.16(B)(1): There are three cables entering the box (one 14/2 with ground one
14/3 with ground and one 12/2 with ground). The equipment grounding conductors have
already been accounted for in step 1. The 14/2 cable counts as 2 conductors (2 X 2 cubic
inches equals 4 cubic inches). The 14/3 cable counts as 3 conductors (3 X 2 cubic inches
equals 6 cubic inches). The 12/2 cable counts as 2 conductors (2 X 2.25 cubic inches equals
4.5 cubic inches). There is also a short # 14 pigtail connected to the switch. This conductor
does not have to be counted since no part of the conductor leaves the box. The total
conductor fill for this box is then 4 + 6 + 4.5 = 14.5 cubic inches.
The total volume required for the box is the sum of 2.25 (eq. grounds) + 8.5 (devices) +
14.5 = 25.25 cubic inches. The plaster ring provides 0.5 cubic inches of the total required
which leaves 24.75 cubic inches required for the box.
A 4 inch square by 2-1/8 deep metal box (30.3 cu. in.) is sufficient per Table 314.16(A).
Discuss other possible box/plaster ring combinations that could meet the minimum
required volume.
WORKSHEET
1. Under which of the following conditions does the code permit an 8 inch x 8 inch non-
metallic box to be used with electrical metallic tubing.
a. FD boxes
b. FS boxes
c. Type LB conduit fittings
d. All of the above
3. The maximum number of #14 conductors in a 4 inch x 1 1/2 inch square is?
a. 6
b. 8
c. 10
d. 12
4. What is the minimum size standard metal device box for 2 #14/2 AWG non-metallic
sheathed cables, 2 cable clamps and two (2) devices on one strap?
a. 3 x 2 x 2 3/4
b. 3 x 2 x 2 1/2
c. 3 x 2 x 1 1/2
d. 3x2x3½
5. What is the minimum distance the sheath of a non-metallic sheathed cable shall
extend into a box?
a. 1 inch
b. 1/2 inch
c. 1/4 inch
d. 1/8 inch
2014 NEC Instructor Manual and Student Worksheets -- Level 1 112
6. What is the maximum opening permitted around boxes in drywall?
a. 1 inch
b. 1/ 2 inch
c. 1/4 inch
d. 1/8 inch
7. Boxes mounted in non-combustible walls shall be installed so that the front edge
will be flush or set back no more than:
a. 1 inch
b. 1/2 inch
c. 1/4 inch
d. 1/8 inch
8. Screws, used for the support of a device box, shall not be permitted to pass
through the box unless which of the following occurs?
a. They pass through the interior of the box 1/2 inch from the back.
b. The exposed threads in the box are covered by approved means.
c. The box is a non-metallic box with a rectangular opening.
d. The box is a metallic box with a rectangular opening.
a. 1 inch
b. 15/16 inch
c. 1/2 inch
d. 3/4 inch
10. A looped, unbroken conductor not less than twice the minimum length
required for free conductors in 300.14 shall count as which of the following
number of conductors when passing through a box.
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 0
2014 NEC Instructor Manual and Student Worksheets -- Level 1 113
OUTLET, DEVICE, PULL AND JUNCTION BOXES, CONDUIT BODIES, FITTINGS, AND
HANDHOLES
ARTICLE 314
LEVEL I
ANSWER KEY
1. a. 314.3 Exception 1
2. c 314.1
3. c, 10 Table 314.16(A)
4. d, 3 x 2 x 3 1/2 Table 314.16(A)
5. c, 1/4 inch 314.17(C)
6. d, 1/8 inch 314.21
7. c, 1/4 inch 314.20
8. b 314.23(B)(1)
9. b, 15/16 inch 314.24(B)(4)
10. b, 2 314.16(B)(1)
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson, each student should be familiar with the
requirements for the installation of Type AC cable.
MATERIALS NEEDED:
Sample of different types of Armored Cable.
INTRODUCTION:
This Article covers the use and installation requirements for a fabricated assembly of
insulated conductors in a flexible metallic enclosure. Note the differences between Type
AC and Type MC cable assemblies.
Cover the permitted uses and uses not permitted for Type AC cable. Note the
requirements for supporting, bending, terminating and installation in accessible attics
and through studs, joists and rafters. Type AC cable shall provide an adequate path for
fault current as required by 250.4(A)(5) or (B)(4) to act as an equipment grounding
conductor. Note the bond wire in Type AC cable is in constant contact with metal
armor. The bond wire and the cable armor together constitute a single equipment
grounding conductor.
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
If time will allow, correct the worksheets and discuss the results.
1. In general, type AC Cable shall be supported at intervals not exceeding which of the
following?
a. 3 feet
b. 4 -1/2 feet
c. 6 feet
d. 5 feet
2. Where in accessible attics Type AC cable is run across the top of floor joists or within
7 feet of the floor on the face of a studded rafter the cable shall be protected by
substantial guard strips which are at least:
a. 40º C
b. 60º C
c. 90º C
d. 110º C
5. A 12/3 copper Type AC cable with individual conductors rated 90C is run through
thermal insulation. The allowable ampacity of the conductors is:
a. 15 Amperes
b. 20 Amperes
c. 25 Amperes
d. 30 Amperes
ANSWER KEY
1. b 320.30
2. b 320.23(A)
3. a 320.12
4. b 320.80
5. b 320.80/310.15(B)16
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson, each student should be familiar with the
requirements for the installation of Type FC cable.
MATERIALS NEEDED:
Show samples of different types of Flat Cable Assemblies, (if available).
INTRODUCTION:
This article covers the use, installation, and construction specifications for flat cable
assemblies, Type FC.
Cover the permitted uses and uses not permitted for Type FC cable. Note the
requirements for securing and supporting. Type FC cable shall be formed to provide a
suitable insulation covering all the conductors and using one of the materials recognized
in Table 310.13(A) for general branch-circuit wiring. Type FC cable shall have the
temperature rating durably marked on the surface at intervals not exceeding 24 in. Note
that the grounded conductor shall be identified throughout its length by means of a
distinctive and durable white or gray marking. Point out the informational note
following Section 322.120(B). The color gray may have been used as an ungrounded
conductor in the past.
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
If time will allow, correct the worksheets and discuss the results.
WORKSHEET
a. Two conductors.
b. Three or four conductors.
c. Four or five conductors.
d. Two, three, four, or five conductors.
3. Type FC cable shall have the temperature rating durably marked on the surface at intervals
not exceeding
a. 24 inches
b. 36 inches
c. 48 inches
d. 18 inches
ANSWER KEY
3. a, 24 inches 322.120(A)
MATERIALS NEEDED:
available). INTRODUCTION:
Cover the permitted uses and uses not permitted for Type FCC systems.
Note the requirements for securing and supporting. Type FCC cable shall be
listed. Type FCC systems shall be permitted both for general-purpose and
appliance branch circuits and for individual branch circuits. General-purpose
and appliance branch circuits shall have ratings not exceeding 20 amperes.
Individual branch circuits shall have ratings not exceeding 30 amperes. FCC
systems shall be permitted on hard, sound, smooth, continuous floor
surfaces made of concrete, ceramic, or composition flooring, wood, and
similar materials as well as wall surfaces in surface metal raceways. All
receptacles and connections shall be constructed and installed so as to
maintain proper polarization of the system.
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer the questions on the
If time will allow, correct the worksheets and discuss the results.
WORKSHEET
1. FCC general-purpose and appliance branch circuits shall have ratings not
exceeding which of the following?
a. 15 amperes.
b. 30 amperes
c. 20 amperes
d. 25 amperes
3. Floor-mounted Type FCC cable, cable connectors, and insulating ends shall be
covered with carpet squares not larger than
ANSWER KEY
1. c, 20 amperes 324.10(2)
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson, each student should be familiar with the
requirements for the installation of type MC cable.
MATERIALS NEEDED:
INTRODUCTION:
This article covers the use and installation of MC cable. The cable is a fabricated
assembly of insulated conductors in a flexible metallic enclosure.
Cover the uses permitted and the uses not permitted for MC cable. MC cable is widely
used without many limitations. Cover support requirements with exceptions. Fittings for
MC cable should be listed and identified for use with MC cable. In wet locations note the
requirement for a corrosion-resistant jacket to be provided over the metallic sheath.
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
If time will allow, correct the worksheet and discuss the results.
WORKSHEET
1. Type MC cable shall be supported and secured at intervals not exceeding ___?
a. 3’
b. 4’
c. 4 1/2’
d. 6’
2. MC installed through joist, studs, rafters must be spaced _______ from face of
structural member.
a. 1”
b. 1 1/4”
c. 1 1/2”
d. 1 3/4”
a. in concrete
b. outdoors
c. direct buried where identified for such use
d. on services
a. 14 Al
b. 18 Cu
c. 10 Al
d. 16 Cu
a. 2 feet
b. 4 feet
c. 6 feet
d. 8 feet
ANSWER KEY
1. d, 6’ 330.30
2. b, 1 1/4” 330.17
3. a, in concrete 330.12
4. b, 18 Cu 330.104
5. c, 6 feet 330.30
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson, each student should be acquainted with the use,
installation and construction specifications of non-metallic sheathed cable.
MATERIALS:
INTRODUCTION:
Both types NM and NMC cables can be used in one, two, and multi-family dwellings
and other structures. NM cable can be used for both exposed and concealed work in
dry locations. It can be installed or fished in air voids in masonry walls that are not
subject to excessive moisture or dampness.
NMC cables can be used for both exposed and concealed work in dry, moist, damp, or
corrosive locations. It can be used in outside and inside masonry walls. It can be used in a
shallow chase in masonry, concrete, or adobe and covered with plaster, adobe, or similar
finish.
1. In any dwelling or structure not specifically permitted in 334.10(1), (2), and (3)
Exception: Type NM, NMC, and NMS cable shall be permitted in Type I and II construction
when installed within raceways permitted to be installed in Type I and II construction.
2. Exposed in dropped or suspended ceilings in other than one- and two-family and
multifamily dwellings
3. As service-entrance cable
4. In commercial garages having hazardous (classified) locations as defined in 511.3
5. In theaters and similar locations, except where permitted in 518.4(B)
In exposed work non-metallic sheathed cable shall closely follow the surface of
the building finish or of running boards. It shall be protected from physical
damage when necessary. When passing through a floor the cable shall be
enclosed in a metal pipe extending at least 6 inches above the floor. Where run at
angles with joists in unfinished basement cable can be secured directly to the
lower edges of the joists when not smaller than two #6 or three #8. Smaller cables
shall either be run through bored holes in joists or on running boards. In
accessible attics cables run across the top of floor joists or within 7 feet of floor
joists run across the face of rafters on studs shall be protected by guard strips at
least as high as the cable. Where run along the sides of rafters, studs, or floor
joists, neither guard strips nor running boards are required. Where attic space is
not accessible by permanent stairs or ladders protection is only required within 6
feet of the nearest edge of the scuttle hole. The cable shall be protected as
required in Section 300.4 where installed through studs, joists, rafters, and similar
members.
Wiring devices with integral enclosures identified for such use shall be permitted
as provided in 300.15(E).
The insulated conductors shall be rated at 90 degrees Celsius and be one of the
types listed in Table 310.13 which is suitable for branch-circuit wiring or one
which is identified for use in NM, NMC or NMS cables. The size conductors shall
be sized #14 through 2 copper or sizes #12 through 2 aluminum or copper-clad
aluminum. In addition to the insulated conductors, the cable can have an insulated
or bare equipment grounded conductor sized in accordance with Article 250. As
stated before, the conductors shall be rated 90 degrees Celsius but the cable itself
ampacity shall be that of 60 degrees Celsius conductors.
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
CHECKING AND FOLLOW UP :
If time will allow, correct the worksheets and discuss the results.
2014 NEC Instructor Manual and Student Worksheets -- Level 1 128
NONMETALLIC-SHEATHED CABLE: TYPES NM, NMC AND NMS
ARTICLE 334
LEVEL I
WORKSHEET
2. Type NMC cable shall not be permitted for which of the following?
a. 2 inches
b. 4 inches
c. 8 inches
d. 6 inches
(A) two No. 6 cable can be secured directly to the lower edge of a joist.
(B) two No. 8 cable can be secured directly to the lower edge of a joist.
a. A only
b. both A and B
c. B only
d. neither A nor B
a. A only
b. B only
c. both A and B
d. neither A nor B
6. Unless fished, NM cable shall be supported at intervals not exceeding which of the
following?
a. 4 feet
b. 4 1/2 feet
c. 6 feet
d. 3 feet
7. The maximum size 600 Volt NM cable is not greater than which of the following?
a. # 14 AWG
b. # 4 AWG
c. # 3 AWG
d. # 2 AWG
a. flame-retardant
b. weather-resistant
c. fungus-resistant
d. corrosion-resistant
a. 60º C
b. 90º C
c. 75º C
d. 40º C
ANSWER KEY
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson, each student should be familiar with the
construction and restrictions in the use of service-entrance cables Type SE and Type
USE.
MATERIALS NEEDED:
a. Cabled single-conductor Type USE that has a bare copper conductor cabled with
the assembly.
b. Type USE single, parallel, or cabled conductor assemblies that have a bare
copper concentric conductor applied.
If you have two or more of either SE or USE cables, one shall be permitted to be
uninsulated. Review Article 230 for uses of service-entrance cable for conductors.
If cables are installed through studs, rafter, joists, etc. they are subject to provisions of
Section 300.4.
APPLICATION:
If time allows, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
WORKSHEET
a. flame-retardant
b. moisture-resistant
c. Both of the Above
d. Neither of the above
a. SER
b. SE
c. RHW
d. USE
3. Type SE service-entrance cable shall be permitted for use where the insulated
conductors are used for circuit wiring and the uninsulated conductor is used only
for which of the following?
4. Bends in Types USE and SE cable shall be so made that the cable will not be
damaged. The radius of the curve of the inner edge of any bend, during or after
installation, shall not be less than which of the following?
ANSWER KEY
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson, each student should be familiar with the use and application
of type UF cable.
of UF cable.
INTRODUCTION:
As the title of Article 340 (Underground Feeder and Branch Circuit Cable) implies, UF
cable has been tested and approved for direct burial application. UF cable is a factory
assembled cable of one or more moisture resistant cables with a flame-retardant,
moisture-, fungus-, and corrosion-resistant covering. See Table 310.15 (A) 3 for
temperature limitations.
The students should be instructed to review Article 340 in its entirety. The instructor
should review the Article with particular emphasis to allowable uses and prohibited uses of
UF cable. After the course presentation, the students should complete the following test.
Questions repeatedly missed should alert the instructor to material warranting additional
instruction.
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer questions on the worksheet.
If time will allow, correct the worksheets and discuss the results.
a. be concrete-tight type
b. be listed for type application
c. not be permitted except per Article 424.43
d. be encased in not less than 2 inches
a. fungus resistant
b. UV resistant
c. heat resistant
d. flame proof
a) 60 degrees Celsius
b) 90 degrees Celsius
c) 60 degrees Fahrenheit
d) 140 degrees Hahrenheit
ANSWER KEY
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson, each student should be acquainted with the use,
installation, and construction specifications of intermediate metal conduit.
INTRODUCTION:
The instructor may want to integrate Articles 342, 344, and 358 into one unit for teaching
purposes. Intermediate metal conduit is a conduit in which the walls are thinner than rigid
metal but thicker than electrical metallic tubing (EMT). It has a circular cross section and
when used with proper fittings and couplings can be used for the installation of
conductors.
MATERIALS NEEDED:
When subject to severe corrosive installations, it must be protected or suitable for the
condition. (342.10 (B))
When used in cinder fill, it must be either by a layer of non-cinder fill concrete or all
sides at least 2 inches thick or be not less than 18 inches deep, or be suitably protected
against corrosion. (342.10 (C))
When used in wet locations, all bolts, straps, screws, etc. must be corrosion-
resistance or suitably protected. (342.10 (D))
The minimum size that can be used in 1/2 trade size and the maximum is 4 inches trade
size. (342.20)
When the conduit has to be field cut, the ends must be reamed to remove the rough edges.
When field threading is required, a standard cutting die of 3/4 inches per taper foot shall
be used. (342.28)
Running threads shall not be used to connect couplings. Couplings shall be made
up tight and must be approved for conditions. (342.42)
When bends are needed, they must be made so as not to damage the wire to be
pulled inside the conduit by reducing the size or causing crimps. The radius must
meet the same requirements as rigid metal conduit. (342.24) Bends in one run of
intermediate conduit must not exceed 360 degrees. (342.26)
Supports must be installed within 3 feet of each box or fitting and at least every
10 feet. Where straight runs are used with threaded couplings and supports
prevent stress, then supports can meet requirements for rigid metal conduit.
Where in industrial uses from machinery, and vertical risers with threaded
couplings are used firmly supported at top and bottom and no other means of
support is available the distance can be increased to 20 feet. (342.30 (B) 3)
A bushing shall be used when entering a box unless the design of the box
provides equal protection. (342.46) Remind them to look at footnote
under 300.4(G)
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
If time will allow, correct the worksheets and discuss the results.
ARTICLE 342
LEVEL I
WORKSHEET
a. l/2 inches
b. 3/4 inches
c. l l/2 inches
d. 2 inches
a. 1 1/2 inches
b. 2 inches
c. 3 inches
d. 4 inches
3. When field threading intermediate metal conduit standard die with which of
following inches taper per foot must be used.
a. l/2
b. 3/4
c. l
d. 1 1/4
a. 90
b. 180
c. 360
d. 200
a. 2 feet
b. 2 l/2 feet
c. 3 feet
d. 4 feet
ANSWER KEY
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson, each student should be acquainted with the use,
installation, and construction code requirements of rigid metal conduit.
MATERIALS:
INTRODUCTION:
Single family dwellings are seldom wired completely with rigid metal conduit because of
the high cost of such an installation; however, it is widely used in industrial plants.
Electrical metallic tubing is sometimes employed because the cost of labor for installation
is much less than for rigid conduit. The cost is still higher than for a cable type
installation. Sometimes rigid metal conduit is used for service raceway even though the
bulk of the installation is some other wiring method.
Industrial installations of rigid metal conduit have routinely presented electricians with jobs
of great proportions; however, with the hydraulic equipment in use today, this work is
easily accomplished. Various attributes of fluid or hydraulic power equipment recommend
it to the electrical industry. Hydraulic tools readily increase 100 pounds of applied effort to
200,000 pounds of output. This makes rigid metal conduit a lot easier to bend than the old
railroad track method.
Rigid metal conduit shall be permitted under all atmospheric conditions and occupancies. If
protected solely by enamel it is permitted only indoors where not subject to sever
conditions.
Where practicable, dissimilar metals on contact anywhere in the system shall be avoided
to eliminate the possibility of galvanic action. Aluminum and steel fittings and enclosures
shall be permitted to be used either steel or aluminum conduit. Rigid metal conduit and
associated fittings can be used in severe corrosive areas if protected by corrosion
protection and judged suitable for the condition.
Rigid metal conduit shall not be used in or under cinder fill where subject to
permanent moisture, unless suitable for the purpose, enclosed in a two inch
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer the questions on the
worksheet.
CHECKING AND FOLLOW-UP:
If time will allow, correct the worksheets and discuss the results.
1. The use of dissimilar metals in contact in a rigid metal conduit system shall be
avoided to eliminate the possibility of which of the following?
a. Galvanic action.
b. Corrosion.
c. Electrolysis
d. Harmonics.
a. 18 inches thick
b. 12 inches thick
c. 8 inches thick
d. 2 inches thick
A. All screws holding supports for rigid metal conduit in a wet location
shall be made of corrosion-resistant materials.
B. In general, the minimum size conduit shall be 1/2 inch.
a. A only
b. B only
c. both A and B
d. neither A nor B
a. Underplaster extensions.
b. Motor lead enclosures.
c. Junction box connectors
d. Conduit connectors.
a. paint
b. cutting oil
c. threads
d. rough edges
6. Where conduit is threaded in the field a standard cutting die with which of the
following requirements shall be used?
7. Bushings are required on conduit at junction boxes where design of box does not
offer equipment protection in order to provide for which of the following?
a. watertight
b. airtight
c. sealed
d. concrete tight
9. Running threads shall not be used on conduit for which of the following reasons?
a. 5 1/2 inches
b. 5 3/4 inches
c. 6 inches
d. 11 inches
11. Which of the following statements about rigid metal conduit is correct?
a. A only
b. B only
c. both A and B
d. neither A nor B
12. The percentage fill of a 1/2 inch rigid metal conduit with 3 THW conductors will
be which of the following?
a. 60 percent
b. 40 percent
c. 75 percent
d. 80 percent
13. If structural members do not allow closer fastening, RMC shall be securely
fastened at junction boxes within which of the following?
a. 4 feet
b. 3 feet
c. 6 feet
d. 5 feet
a. A grounded conductor.
b. An equipment grounding conductor.
c. A junction box.
d. An auxiliary gutter.
15. Red brass RMC shall be permitted to be installed for which of the following
types of applications?
a. I only
b. II only
c. Neither I or II
d. Both I and II
ANSWER KEY
1. a, galvanic action 344.14
2. d, 2 inches thick 344.10(C)
3. c, both A and B 344.10(D), 344.20(A)
4. b, motor lead enclosures 344.20 Exception
5. d, rough edges 344.28
6. a, 3/4 inch taper per foot 344.28
7. c, to prevent abrasion of the wiring 344.46
8. d. concrete tight 344.42(A)
9. a 344.42(B)
10. b, 5 3/4 inches Table 2, Chapter 9
11. a, A only 344.26
12. b, 40% Table 1 Ch. 9, 344.22
13. d, 5 feet 344.30(A)
14. b, an equipment grounding conductor 344.60
15. d, both I and II 344.10(2)
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson, the students should be acquainted with the
construction and restrictions in the uses of Flexible Metal Conduit.
INTRODUCTION:
Flexible metal conduit is used in places requiring irregular bends or where flexibility is
required during or after installation. Trade sizes l/2" and larger may be installed in any
length, although supporting and grounding requirements vary depending on lengths
installed. Sizes of 3/8" have restricted uses in lengths not exceeding 6'.
The students should be instructed to review Article 348 in its entirety. The instructor
should review the Article with particular emphasis on usages, sizes, and grounding.
Samples can be utilized to familiarize the student with the construction and application
of flexible metal conduit. Show Table 348.22 and explain.
Flexible metal conduit shall be supported at intervals not exceeding 4 1/2" and within
12" of each outlet box unless fished, or length does not exceed 3' or being used in
lengths not exceeding 6' for a fixture tap.
Flexible metal conduit can be used as a grounding means according to 250.118 and
250.102(E). It shall be limited to lengths of 6' or less and overcurrent protection of 20
amps or less. Note the uses permitted in wet locations.
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
If time will allow, correct the worksheets and discuss the results.
WORKSHEET
1. Flexible metal conduit of 3/8" trade size may be used for all of the following
except:
2. The maximum number of #14 AWG type THHN conductors in 3/8" flexible metal
conduit with outside fittings is:
a. 7
b. 3
c. 2
d. 4
ANSWER KEY
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson, each student should be familiar with the use and
construction of liquid tight flexible metal conduit and also with liquid-tight flexible
non-metallic conduit.
INTRODUCTION:
Before we can look at the use and application of liquid-tight, as it is referred to in the
trade, let's look at what it is. Liquidtight is a flexible conduit that is circular in cross
section with an outer covering that is non-metallic but an interior flexible metal core.
When used with proper couplings and fittings. It can be used for the installation of
conductors.
MATERIALS NEEDED:
This material is used extensively and should be covered thoroughly. Articles 348, 350
and 356 could be taught at the same time or in consecutive order. For this lesson, you
need samples of both liquid-tight flexible metal conduit and liquid-tight flexible non-
metallic conduit and their respective fittings and couplings.
Liquidtight flexible metal conduit, when listed and marked, can be used for both
concealed and exposed work, and for direct burial in earth where required for flexibility
or protection from liquids, vapors or solids. It can also be used for hazardous locations
where approved both by listing and by provisions of Article 500. It cannot be used
where subject to physical damage or to temperatures higher than what it has been tested
and approved for. (350.10, 350.12)
The minimum size of liquid-tight flexible metal conduit is 1/2" trade size unless 3/8"
meets the requirements for flexible metal conduit of 3/8" size. The maximum size is 4"
trade size.
The maximum number of conductors that can be installed must meet the
requirements for conduits in Table 1 of Chapter 9. Size 3/8" shall meet the
requirements of flexible metal conduit. (350.22)
When using liquid-tight flexible metal conduit as a grounding means, both the
conduit and fittings must be approved for grounding. If the conduit is 1 1/4" and
smaller and less than 6 feet in length, terminated in fittings approved for
grounding, and 1/2" and 3/8" is protected by 20 amp and 3/4" to 1 1/4" by 60
amps, then the conduit does not have to be approved for grounding. Where
connecting equipment, and flexibility is needed, a grounding conductor shall be
used. (350.60, 250.118)
Bends shall not exceed 360 degrees and angle connectors shall not be used in
concealed spaces. (350.26)
Liquidtight flexible non-metallic conduit differs from the metallic kind by having
an interior that is reinforced but non-metallic. It can be used in places where
liquid-tight flexible metal conduit can be used. If used outside it must be
approved for outside use. It is not approved for hazardous locations, and cannot
be used for conductors in excess of 600 volt nominal. (356.10, 356.12). Note
356.10 (4) Direct Burial.
Except for 3/8" motor leads, the minimum size of 1/2" trade size and the
maximum is 4" trade size. (356.20)
The equipment grounding conductor can be run inside or outside the raceway if
run outside the grounding conductor is limited to 6 feet in length. (356.60,
250.102)
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer questions on the worksheet.
If time will allow, correct the worksheets and discuss the results.
1. The smallest size of liquid-tight flexible metal conduit that can be used without
exception in normal circumstances is?
a. 3/8 inch
b. 1/2 inch
c. 3/4 inch
d. 1 inch
2. Maximum size of liquid-tight flexible non-metallic conduit that can be used is?
a. 1 1/4 inches
b. 1 1/2 inches
c. 2 inches
d. 4 inches
a. 12 inches
b. 24 inches
c. 36 inches
d. 48 inches
a .3 feet
b. 4 feet
c. 5 feet
d. any length
ANSWER KEY
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson, each student should be acquainted with the use, installation,
and construction specifications of rigid polyvinyl chloride conduit.
MATERIALS NEEDED:
INTRODUCTION:
For use above ground, the material shall be resistant to moisture and chemical
atmospheres, it shall be flame-retardant, resistant to impact and crushing, resistant to
distortion from heat under conditions likely to be encountered in service and resistant to
low temperature and sunlight effects.
For use underground, the material shall be acceptably resistant to moisture and corrosive
agents and be of sufficient strength to withstand abase, such as by impact and crushing, in
handling and during installation. Where intended for direct burial without encasement in
concrete, the material shall also be capable of withstanding continued loading that is likely
to be encountered after installation.
Rigid polyvinyl chloride conduit shall be permitted to be used under the following
conditions:
1. concealed
2. in locations subject to severe corrosive influences as cited in Section 300.6
3. in cinder fill
4. in wet locations
5. in dry and damp locations
6. for exposed work
7. for underground installations
All cut ends of rigid polyvinyl chloride conduit shall be trimmed inside and
outside to remove the rough edges. All joints shall be made by an approved
method.
Rigid polyvinyl chloride conduit shall be securely fastened within 3 feet of each
box, cabinet, or other conduit termination and the maximum spacing between
supports shall be as shown in Table 352.30(B).
The minimum size rigid polyvinyl chloride conduit that can be used is 1/2 inch
electrical trade size. The number of conductors permitted in a conduit shall not
exceed the percentage fill as allowed in Table 1, Chapter 9.
Unless the design of the box or fitting is such to provide equivalent protection, a
bushing or adapter shall be used to protect conductors from abrasion where a
conduit enters a box or fitting.
Field bends in rigid polyvinyl chloride conduit shall be made only with bending
equipment identified for the purpose and the bend itself shall meet the
specifications of Table 2, Chapter 9.
The number of bends in one run of conduit shall not exceed the equivalent of four
quarter bends (360 degrees, total).
Each length of polyvinyl chloride conduit shall be clearly and durable marked
every 10 feet as required in Section 110.21.
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer questions on the worksheet.
If time will allow, correct the worksheets and discuss the results.
WORKSHEET
1. Which of the following statements about rigid polyvinyl chloride conduit is correct?
a. A only
b. b only
c. both A and B
d. neither A nor B
a. trimmed inside
b. trimmed outside
c. have rough edges removed.
d. All of the above
3. Rigid polyvinyl chloride conduit may be used in locations subject to severe corrosive
influences as covered in which of the following sections?
a. Section 300.6.
b. Section 342
c. Section 352
d. Section 310.5
4. Which of the following statements about the permitted uses of rigid polyvinyl chloride
conduit is correct?
a. A only
b. B only
c. both A and B
d. neither A nor B
a. 8 3/4 inches
b. 10 inches
c. 6 inches
d. 4 inches
6. Rigid polyvinyl chloride conduit shall be securely fastened within what distance
of each box, cabinet, or other conduit termination?
a. 4 feet
b. 5 feet
c. 6 feet
d. 3 feet
7. The percentage fill for a 3/4 rigid nonmetallic conduit containing three conductors is which
of the following?
a . 3
b . 31
c . 8
d . 40
8. The total number of bends permitted in one run of polyvinyl chloride conduit is
equivalent to:
9. The maximum spacing between supports for rigid polyvinyl chloride conduit 6 inches in
size is:
a. 3 feet
b. 6 feet
c. 8 feet
d. 10 feet
12. Rigid polyvinyl chloride conduit shall be permitted to support polyvinyl chloride
conduit bodies not larger than which of the following?
a. nonmetallic conduit bodies not larger than the largest trade size of an
entering raceway
b. nonmetallic conduit bodies not larger than 3/4 inch.
c. nonmetallic conduit bodies in corrosive circumstances.
d. Shall never be used to support conduit bodies.
ANSWER KEY
MATERIALS NEEDED:
Samples of various types of Nonmetallic Underground Conduit with Conductors:
Type NUCC conduit or if unavailable, handouts and/or pictures of the above.
INTRODUCTION:
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer questions on the worksheet.
CHECKING AND FOLLOW-UP:
If time will allow, correct the worksheets and discuss the results.
2014 NEC Instructor Manual and Student Worksheets -- Level 1 169
NONMETALLIC UNDERGROUND CONDUIT WITH
CONDUCTORS: TYPE NUCC
ARTICLE 354
LEVEL I
WORKSHEET
1. NUCC shall be clearly and durably marked in accordance with which of the
following?
2. The radius of the curve of the centerline of a bend in a 1 inch NUCC conduit shall
not be less than which of the following?
a. 10 inches
b. 8 inches
c. 14 inches
d. 12 inches
LEVEL I
ANSWER KEY
1. d, 10 feet 354.10
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson, each student should be acquainted with the
construction and restriction in the uses of electrical metallic tubing.
MATERIALS:
INTRODUCTION:
Electrical metallic tubing (EMT) sometimes called "thin-wall conduit" has a wall
thickness less than that of rigid conduit, and it bends more easily. It is connected with
compression or indentation-type fittings, since it is too thin to thread. A special tool is
used to install indentation fittings.
Electrical metallic tubing is installed and has the same use for both exposed and
concealed work as rigid conduit except it cannot be used where subject to severe physical
damage, or in hazardous locations. When used in wet locations or poured over in
concrete, fittings of the type to prevent water entering the conduit shall be used.
No tubing shall be used smaller than 1/2 inch in diameter, electrical trade size, except for
under plastic extensions. The maximum size tubing shall be the 4-inch electrical trade
size. Bends in the tubing shall be made so that the tubing will not be injured and that the
internal diameter of the tubing will not be effectively reduced. One run of conduit shall
include not more than four "quarter" bends.
APPLICATION:
2. Electrical trade size tubing shall not be used smaller than which of the following?
a. 1 inch
b. 3/4 inch
c. 3/8 inch
d. 1/2 inch
3. Electrical trade size tubing shall not be used larger than which of the following?
a. 4 inch
b. 3 inch
c. 2 inch
d. 6 inch
4. The radius of the curve of any field bend to the centerline of 2 inch tubing using a
One Shot bender shall not be less than which of the following?
a. 10 inches
b. 9 1/2 inches
c. 8 1/4 inches
d. 7 1/4 inches
5. One run of conduit shall not include more than which of the following "quarter"
bends.
a. 6
b. 4
c. 3
d. 2
ANSWER KEY
1. d 358.10 (A)
2. d, 1/2 inch 358.20(A)
3. a 358.20(B)
4. b,91/2 inches Table 2, Chapter 9 pg. 625
5. b, 4 358.26
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson, each student should be familiar with the
more important requirements related to auxiliary gutters.
INTRODUCTION:
APPLICATION:
1. Auxiliary gutters shall not extend beyond the equipment that it supplements a
distance greater than which of the following?
a. 10 feet
b. 20 feet
c. 30 feet
d. 15 feet
2. What is the maximum distance between the supports of auxiliary metal gutters?
a. 2 feet
b. 3 feet
c. 4 feet.
d. 5 feet
a. 15
b. 20
c. 25
d. 30
4. The sum of the cross-sectional areas of all contained conductors at any cross
section of a sheet metal auxiliary gutter shall not exceed what percent of the
interior cross-sectional area of the sheet metal auxiliary gutter?
a. 15
b. 20
c. 30
d. 40
ANSWER KEY
1. c. 30 feet 366.12
2. d. 5 feet 366.30
3. d. 30 366.22
4. a. 20% 366.22
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson, each student should be acquainted with the
requirements concerning the installations of multioutlet assembly.
MATERIALS NEEDED:
INTRODUCTION:
This subject is not often common in level one jobs, so a limited amounted of
time should be spent on this subject. Multioutlet assembly is a type of
surface or flush raceway designed to hold conductors and receptacles. It can
be assembled in the field or at the factory.
3. Where the voltage is 300 volts or more between conductors unless the
assembly is of metal having a thickness of not less than .040 inch.
5. In hoistways.
If time allows, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
WORKSHEET
a. A only
b. B only
c. both A and B
d. neither A nor B
a. walls
b. ceilings
c. floors
d. dry partitions
4. Multi-outlet assembly shall not be used where the voltage is 300 volts or more
between conductors unless the assembly is of a metal having a thickness of not
less than which of the following?
a. .40 inches
b. .040 inches
c. .0040 inches
d. .04 inches
ANSWER KEY
1. a, A only 380.2(A)
2. d. dry partitions 380.3
3. d. all of the above 380.2(B)
4. b. .040
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson, each student should be familiar with the
use, installation, and construction specifications of surface raceways.
MATERIALS NEEDED:
INTRODUCTION:
Where combination surface metal or nonmetallic raceways are used for signaling
and for lighting and power circuits, the different systems shall be run in separate
compartments identified by sharply contrasting colors of the interior finish or in
nonmetallic an identified printed legend. The same relative position of
compartments shall be maintained throughout the premises.
Splices and taps shall be permitted in surface metal and nonmetallic raceways
having a removable cover that is accessible after installation. The conductors,
including splices and taps shall not fill the raceway to more than 75 percent of its
area at that point. In raceways without removable covers, splices and taps shall be
made only in junction boxes. The use of surface nonmetallic raceways shall be
permitted in dry locations.
Where covers and accessories of nonmetallic materials are used on surface metal
raceways, they shall be identified for such use.
APPLICATION:
If time allows, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
WORKSHEET
2. When combination surface nonmetallic raceways are used both for signaling
and for lighting and power circuits, the different systems shall be run in
separate compartments identified by which of the following?
a . 20
b . 30
c . 25
d . 40
4. The sum of the cross-sectional areas of all contained conductors does not exceed
which of the following percentage of the interior cross-sectional area of the
surface metal raceway?
a. 30 percent
b. 20 percent
c. 40 percent
d. 10 percent
6. When combination surface metallic raceways are used for both signaling and for
lighting and power circuits, the different systems shall be run in separate
compartments identified by which of the following?
a. stamping
b. imprinting
c. color coding
d. all of the above
7. Surface metal raceways and their elbows, couplings, and similar fittings shall be
so designed that the sections can be electrically and mechanically coupled together
without subjecting the wires to which of the following?
a. moisture
b. fumes
c. static electricity
d. abrasion
a. A only
b. B only
c. both A and B
d. neither A nor B
a. other conduits
b. other wiring methods
c. other designs
d. other raceways
a. I only
b. II only
c. Both I and II
d. Neither I or II
1. d 386.30
2. a 388.70
3. b. 30 386.22(2)
4. b. 20 percent 386.22(3)
5. b. 386.56
6. d. all of the above 386.70
7. d. abrasion 386.100
8. c, both A and B 388.12
9. c 386.22
10. d 388.100
11. d 388.12
12. c 388.10
OBJECTIVES:
After completing this lesson, each student should be familiar with the:
MATERIALS NEEDED:
Sample of knobs, tubes, and flexible nonmetallic tubing. Handouts or pictures of the
above.
INTRODUCTION:
Concealed knob-and-tube wiring is a wiring method using knobs, tubes, and flexible
nonmetallic tubing for the protection and support of single insulated conductors
concealed in hollow spaces of walls and ceilings of buildings.
It shall not be used in (1) commercial garages, (2) theaters, (3) motion picture studios,
(4) hazardous locations, and (5) in the hollow spaces of walls, ceilings, and attics when
such spaces contain loose or rolled insulation material.
In this lesson we will learn the Code requirements for running extensions of existing
installations of concealed knob-and-tube wiring and if allowed by special permission.
Not much time should be spent on this because it is hardly ever used in practice.
Conductors shall be supported within 6 inches of each side of each tap or splice and at
intervals not exceeding 4 1/2 feet.
Where solid knobs are used, conductors shall be tied with tie wires having
insulation equal to that of the conductors.
In unfinished attics and roof spaces, conductors shall be installed along the sides of or
through bored holes in floor joist studs and rafters. When run through bored holes in
spaces that are accessible by stairway or permanent ladder they shall be protected by
running boards to a height up to 7 feet.
APPLICATION:
If time allows, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
WORKSHEET
a. Special permission.
b. Special application.
c. Special requirements.
d. Special needs.
a. commercial garages
b. theaters
c. motion picture studios
d. extension of existing installations
a. 2 feet
b. 4 feet
c. 4 1/2 feet
d. 5 feet
5. Where solid knobs are used, conductors shall be securely tied thereto by wires
having insulation of which of the following types?
a. 6 inches
b. 5 inches
c. 4 inches
d. 3 inches
a. noncombustible tubes
b. nonabsorbent tubes
c. insulating tubes
d. noncombustible, nonabsorbent, insulating tubes
a. 2 inches
b. 3 inches
c. 4 inches
d. 5 inches
9. Where run through bored holes, conductors in the joists and in studs or rafters
to a height of not less than 2.1 m (7 ft) above the floor or floor joists shall be
protected by which of the following?
10. Unless approved splicing devices are used, which of the following shall be done
to splices in knob and tube wiring?
ANSWER KEY
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson, each student should be familiar with the trade names,
construction and restrictions in the uses of flexible cords and fixture wires.
INTRODUCTION:
Flexible cords and cables have many uses, most of which are for temporary purposes.
There are certain times they can be utilized for special equipment. In discussing this
article, we will see when and where they can be used and how.
Briefly discuss the Table pointing out the different types and their construction.
Cords and cables rated 105°C shall use correction factors in the 90°C column of Table
310.15(B)(2)(a) for temperature correction
Cords and cables shall be marked by a tag on the carton or reel with information in
310.11(A). If of the type listed in Section 400.6, it shall be marked with type, size, and
number of conductors in intervals not to exceed 24 inches.
Reference 110.3(B)
Splices may be made only in hard service cord No. 14 and larger. The splice must
maintain the insulation and outer sheath properties. Cords must be connected in a way so
as not to put tension on the terminal. Show windows must use a type insulation listed in
400.11.
Where passing through holes in covers, outlet boxes, or similar enclosures, the cord
must be protected by bushings or fittings.
Construction Specifications
The manufacturer uses the specifications in Section 400.20 through 400.24 in their
construction of flexible cords. Briefly discuss the types of identification of grounded and
grounding conductors in flexible cords.
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
If time will allow, correct the worksheets and discuss the results. Be sure the
students understand Article 400.
a. 6 amperes
b. 8 amperes
c. 10 amperes
d. 12 amperes
3. SJO cord is to be marked on the cord at intervals not to exceed which of the
following?
a. 36 inches
b. 24 inches
c. 48 inches
d. 60 inches
a. A listed NM connector
b. A locking-type attachment plug.
c. An attachment plug.
d. A safety strap and lockable cover.
5. A three conductor, No. 12, 105 degree C rated STOOW cord, is being used in an
ambient temperature of 113 degrees F. These conductors shall have an ampacity of
which of the following amperes?
a. 12 amperes
b. 17.4 amperes
c. 16.9 amperes
d. 18 amperes
ANSWER KEY
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson, each student should be familiar with the
requirements involving fixture wires.
MATERIALS NEEDED:
INTRODUCTION:
Review other articles that need to be cross referenced so as to understand permitted uses
of these conductors other than for fixture application. See Articles 410 (fixtures), Section
725.16 (class I circuits), and Section 310.15 (temperature limitations).
Sections 402.3 through 402.7 include types, ampacities, minimum sizes and
number of conductors permitted in conduit. Review these briefly.
Give handouts of Table 2 from Chapter 9 and Table 402.3 and discuss each or have
students turn to these pages in NEC during discussion.
When reviewing permitted uses in Sections 402.10 and 402.11, it is important that the
students understand required marking of Section 402.9 so that misapplications can be
avoided.
It is imperative that the student know when conductors in question are tapped to the
branch-circuit conductor of a branch circuit, Article 240.5 (B)(2) specifies
overcurrent protection for fixture wires.
APPLICATION:
If time allows, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
WORKSHEET
a. 10 amperes
b. 8 amperes
c. 6 amperes
d. 12 amperes
a. # 12 AWG
b. # 14 AWG
c. # 16 AWG
d. # 18 AWG
a. 150º F/302º C
b. 302º F/150º C
c. 165º F/340º C
d. 340º C/165º F
ANSWER KEY
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson, each student should be familiar with the requirements
concerning the installation and construction specifications of switches.
MATERIALS NEEDED:
INTRODUCTION:
Any switch should open all ungrounded conductors of the circuit. In no case may a single-
pole switch be placed in the grounded conductor. Number of poles required for switches
to control three common types of circuits: (1) two-wire single phase or DC circuit with
one conductor grounded; (2) three-wire single phase or DC circuit with grounded neutral;
and (3) four-wire three-phase circuit with grounded neutral.
Opening only the grounded wire of a two-wire circuit would leave all devices that are
connected to the circuit alive. The voltage to the ground would equal the voltage between
the wires on the mains. In case of accidental ground on the grounded wire, the circuit
would not be controlled by the single-pole switch.
Lamps that are connected between the neutral and the two or three outer wires of the three-
wire and four-wire circuits are not balanced. If the neutral is the opened, it would cause the
voltages to become unbalanced and might burn out all lamps on the more lightly loaded
side. In any case, a switch may be arranged to open the grounded conductor if it
simultaneously opens all the other conductors of the circuit. Since three-way and four-way
switches are actually single-pole switches, they must not be used to disconnect the ground
circuit wire because this would be a violation. See 404.2.
A metal switch plate, if not grounded, may become "alive" by reason of contact of the
ungrounded circuit wire with the plate or switch box. A hazard is thus created.
For an AC General Use Switch resistive and inductive load, not including any tungsten-
filament lamps, a snap switch is merely required to have an ampere rating at least equal
to the ampere rating of the load it controls. Electrically heated appliances are common
examples of such loads.
2014 NEC Instructor Manual and Student Worksheets -- Level 1 200
For an AC or DC General Use Switch controlling of loads consisting of tungsten
lamps alone, and for combined tungsten-filament with any other non-inductive
load, snap switches should be "T" rated.
Inductive loads which are commonly controlled by snap switches are fluorescent
lamps, mercury-vapor lamps, and gas-tube signs and lighting. The term "snap
switch" as used here and elsewhere in the Code is the common type of flush and
surface-mounted switches. They are used for the control of lighting equipment
and small appliances and are generally of the tumbler or toggle type switch.
The provision of Article 404 shall apply to all switches, switching devices, and
circuit breakers where used as switches.
Three- and four-way switches shall be wired so that all switching is done only in
the ungrounded conductors.
Switches and circuit breakers shall be of the externally operable type mounted in
an enclosure listed for the intended use. The enclosure shall have wire bending
space to comply with Section 312.6. If installed in a wet location, they shall be in
a weatherproof enclosure. Time switches and similar devices do not need to be
externally operable.
Single-throw knife switches shall be installed so that gravity will not tend to close
the blades. They shall be so connected so that the blades are de-energized when the
switch is open.
General use and motor-circuit switches mounted in enclosures listed for the
intended use shall clearly indicate whether they are in the open, off or closed "on"
position, all except the double-throw switches.
Knife switches rated at over 1200 amperes at 250 volts or less, and at
over 1000 amperes at 251 to 1000 volts, shall be used only as
isolating switches and shall not be opened under load. To interrupt
currents above these ratings a circuit breaker or a switch of special
design listed for such use shall be used. Knife switches less than these
ratings shall be considered general-use switches.
AC-DC general-use snap switches can be used for resistive loads not
exceeding the ampere rating of the switch at the applied voltage,
inductive loads not exceeding 50 percent of the ampere rating of the
switch at the applied voltage, and tungsten-filament lamp loads not
exceeding the ampere rating of the switch at the applied voltage if "T"
rated. Switches rated in horsepower are suitable for controlling motor
loads within their rating at voltage applied.
APPLICATION:
If time allows, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
WORKSHEET
1. When used in a branch circuit, switches shall not disconnect which of the
following?
2. Without exception, switches shall be externally operable and mounted in which of the
following?
a. Waterproof
b. Weatherproof
c. Raintight
d. Moisture resistant
a. Cabinet
b. Box
c. Equipment enclosure
d. All of the above
e.
5. Double-throw knife switches shall be permitted to be mounted so that the throw
is which of the following?
a. vertical
b. horizontal
c. both of the Above
d. neither of the above
7. Face plates for flush mounted snap switches shall be installed in which of the
following methods?
8. A snap switch shall not be grouped or ganged in enclosures with other snap
switches, receptacles, or similar devices, unless they are arranged so that the
voltage between adjacent devices does not exceed which of the following?
12. Which of the following type switches simultaneously breaks the connection in
two conductors of a circuit?
a. A two-way switch.
b. A single-pole switch.
c. A double-pole switch
d. A four-way switch.
13. Which of the following type switches will make a closed circuit when thrown in
either of two positions?
a. A single-throw switch.
b. A double-throw switch.
c. A double-gang switch.
d. A single-gang switch.
I. Current rating
II. Voltage rating
a. I onl y
b. II only
c. Both I and II
d. Neither I or II
15. Except as permitted in 240.8, a fused switch shall not have which of the
following?
a. Fuses in series.
b. Fuses in parallel.
c. Fuses in grounded conductors.
d. Fuses in motor-controllers.
ANSWER KEY
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson, each student should be familiar with the requirements
concerning the rating, type, and of receptacles, cord connectors, and attachment plugs
(cord caps).
MATERIALS NEEDED:
INTRODUCTION:
Receptacles for portable cords shall not be rated less than 15 Amps for 125 volts or 250
volts. [406.3(B)] Those rated 20 Amps or less for aluminum wire must be marked
CO/ALR. [406.3(C)] Attachment plugs rated 15 or 20 amps must be dead-front
construction. Receptacles and plugs must not interchange with those of different
voltages. Receptacles that are non-grounding must not accept a grounded plug.
Receptacles installed in a damp or wet location must be approved for such location.
Floor receptacles must allow for cleaning without damage to the receptacle.
[406.9(D)]
Receptacles and plugs having grounding means must also have a grounding pole that
will not fit any other connection identified by: [406.10(B)]
Article 406 covers the rating, type, installation or receptacles, cord connectors, and
attachment plugs. Receptacles shall be listed and marked with the manufacturer’s name
or identification and voltage and ampere ratings. Receptacles installed on 15- and 20-
ampere branch circuits shall be of the grounding type. Grounding-type receptacles shall
be installed only on circuits of the voltage class and current for which they are rated,
except as provided in Table 210.21(B)(2) and Table 210.21(B)(3). For replacements
where attachment to an equipment
2014 NEC Instructor Manual and Student Worksheets -- Level 1 207
grounding conductor does not exist in the receptacle enclosure, the installation
shall be permitted to be replaced with another non–grounding-type receptacle.
They may also be permitted to be replaced with a ground-fault circuit interrupter-
type of receptacle marked “No Equipment Ground.” 406.4(D)(1)(2) and (3).
Replacements also have to be GFCI rated, AFCI rated, TP rated, and WR rated
when required elsewhere in the code per 406 (D).
APPLICATION:
If time allows, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
WORKSHEET
a. CO/ALR
b. SWD
c. HID/SWD
d. GFCI
LEVEL I
ANSWER KEY
1. a, CO/ALR 406.3(C)
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson, each student should be familiar with the
construction and use of switchboards, switchgear, and panelboards.
INTRODUCTION:
When using switchboards, switchgear, and panelboards certain rules need to be applied
to make a safe installation. Such things as location of installation, clearances required to
service equipment, maximum number of overcurrent devices, and overcurrent protection
for the switchboard or panelboard. These things and more will be discussed in this
lesson. This article only applies to equipment of 1000 volts and less.
Article 408 should be used in conjunction with other articles to make the job Code
compliant. Some of these Articles are 240, 250, 312, 314, and 404. Specific
requirements of hazardous locations will be found in Articles 500.517.
Care needs to be taken when checking a switchboard to insure that barriers are in place to
isolate the service busbars and terminals from the rest of the switchboard. Only for
required interconnections can conductors travel from one vertical section to another
unless separated by horizontal barriers. Conductors need to be arranged so as not to cause
over heating.
On a high leg system, the high leg will have to be the center leg from front to back,
side to side or top to bottom. This leg shall be marked orange in color. Equipment
within the same single section or multi-section switchboard, switchgear or
panelboard as the meter on 3-phase, 4-wire delta-connected systems shall be
permitted to have the same phase configuration as the metering equipment.
Panelboards are required to have a room or dedicated space for servicing or inspection.
This space should include the space specified in Article 110.26, and will include a space
with the width and depth of the equipment from the floor to a height of 6ft. or the
structural ceiling. Nothing foreign to this equipment is to be allowed in this space. See
FPN and exceptions.
2014 NEC Instructor Manual and Student Worksheets -- Level 1 211
Switchboards shall maintain 3 foot clearance from the top of a combustible
ceiling unless totally enclosed or a noncombustible shield is placed on top of the
switchboard.
Panelboards shall have overcurrent protection not exceeding their rating. A panel
protected by an overcurrent device in another panelboard is considered protected
without additional protection in the subpanel. Service panels when complying
with 230.71(2-6 mains) do not need main overcurrent protection. A panel with
two mains is allowed but is limited to 42 breakers and 2 or 3 pole units count as 2
or 3 breakers respectfully. Another exception is allowed for existing residential
service panels of the split bus type.
Overcurrent devices used for continuous load shall not exceed 80% of its rating
unless approved for 100% of its rating.
APPLICATION:
If time allows, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
If time will allow, correct the worksheets and discuss the results.
a. Orange, C phase
b. Orange, B phase
c. Orange, A Phase
d. Brown, B phase
2. Unused openings for circuit breakers and switches shall be closed using
identified closures, or other approved means that provide protection
substantially equivalent to which of the following?
a. 0 clearance
b. 1 foot
c. 2 feet
d. 3 feet
a. 1 1/4 inches
b. 2 inches
c. 3 inches
d. 1/2 inch
a . 2
b . 4
c . 6
d . 8
a. A bonding jumper.
b. A grounding jumper.
c. A terminal bar.
d. A grounding electrode conductor.
ANSWER KEY
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson, each student should be familiar with requirements in
regard to lighting systems operating at 30 volts or less and their associated
components.
INTRODUCTION:
This article covers lighting systems at 30 volts or less and their associated
components.
Review Scope of 411.1 and review new change to note the article now covers
lighting equipment connected to a Class 2 power source.
Secondary circuits shall not be grounded. Bare conductors shall not be installed less than
7 feet. (2.1 m) above the finished floor, unless specifically listed for a lower installation
height. 411.6 (A_D)
Lighting systems covered by Article 411 shall be supplied from a maximum 20-ampere
branch circuit. 411.7
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson, each student should be familiar with the specifications and
requirements for construction and installation of luminaires and lamps and lampholders.
MATERIALS NEEDED:
Samples of ceiling incandescent light, recessed light, fluorescent light and chain hung
lights.
INTRODUCTION:
When dealing with luminaires, we are covering a broad range of things, such as
incandescent, arc lamps, and electric discharge lamps. This Section also includes wiring
and construction of luminaires.
All live parts of luminaires shall not be exposed such as luminaires with open bases or
metal canopies. Cleat type lampholders must be located at least 8 feet above the floor
in order to be allowed to have exposed terminals. (410.5) Exception
Luminaires used for specific location shall be suitable for said location and marked to
indicate such approval. For example, luminaires used in a wet location must be
approved for a wet location and marked "Suitable for wet locations". Any area which
the luminaire is likely to be saturated with water or a similar liquid shall be considered
a wet location. Areas subject to moderate degrees of moisture shall be considered as a
damp location. Luminaires used with cooking hoods in non-residential occupancies
shall meet the following requirements: [410.10(C)]
1. The luminaire shall be listed for such use and the temperature limit of the
luminaires shall not be exceeded.
2. The luminaire shall be constructed so that exhaust vapors, grease, oil or
cooking
vapors are excluded from the lamp and wiring compartment. Diffusers shall be
resistant to thermal shock.
3. Parts of the luminaire exposed within the hood shall be corrosion resistant or
protected against corrosion, and the surface shall be smooth so as not to collect
deposits and to facilitate cleaning.
No hanging luminaires shall be within 3 feet horizontally and 8 feet vertically of the top
rim of a bathtub or shower threshold. [410.10(D)]
410.10 (F) review this new section related to installations in or under roof decking.
When luminaires are installed over combustible material, unless each luminaire has a
switch provided, shall be unswitched and located at least 8 feet above the floor and
located so as the lamps cannot be readily removed or damaged. (410.12)
The types of luminaires permitted in clothes closets are restricted and the definition of
storage space safety clearly defined. Cover these requirements in depth as installation
in clothes closets are frequently encountered. (410.16(C)
Luminaires shall be made so as not to subject conductors to temperatures higher than the
rating of the conductor. Boxes that are integral parts of luminaires shall not be used as
through wiring for branch circuits unless the luminaire is identified for through wiring.
(410.21)
Unless the luminaire covers the box, a cover shall be provided to cover all
connections. (410.22)
Electric discharge luminaires supported independent of the outlet box shall be connected
to the branch circuit through metal raceway, nonmetallic raceway, Type ML cable, Type
AL cable, Type MI cable, nonmetallic sheathed cable or by flexible cord as permitted in
Section 410.24(A). (410.62)(B) 410.62(C)
Exposed metal parts shall be grounded or insulated from ground and other conducting
surfaces or inaccessible to unqualified persons. Lamp tie wires, mounting screws, clips,
and decorative bands on glass spaced at least 1 1/2 in. from lamp terminals shall not be
required to be grounded. (410.42)
The requirements included in Sections 410.48 through 410.52 are generally used by the
testing laboratory. Compliance is primarily accomplished by requiring listed or labeled
luminaires.
410-59 (A-C) Showcases that are portable shall be permitted to connected by flexible
cord up to six (6) different showcases. Where more than one case is hooked together
locking type connectors shall be used. These cords shall ampacity equal to the branch
circuit wiring and overcurrent device. Receptacles and plugs shall be rated at 15 or 20
Amps. Cables shall be supported to the underside of the showcase so as to:
2. Assure a space of no more than 2 inches between cases nor more than l2
inches between the fixed outlet and the first case.
3. The free lead end of the last case has a female end not extending beyond
the case.
Fluorescent-type lights can be wired with cord as long as no strain is put on the cord
and it is attached by plug. A listed luminaire or a listed feature assembly with a cord
and canopy is not required to be connected by an attachment plug. (410-62 (B)
Luminaires shall not be used as a raceway unless listed and marked for such use
(410.64).
Exposed live parts must have 1/2 inch clearance between exposed parts and
mounting plane. (410.46)
Incandescent lamps shall have medium base up to 300 watts, mogul-base up to 1500
watts and special base for over 1500 watts. (410.103)
Recessed lights must have 1/2 clearance to combustibles, and thermal insulation must not
be installed within 3 inches of recessed enclosure or ballast and over top so as to entrap
heat unless they are type I.C. (410.116)(B)
Tap conductors of a type suitable for the temperature encountered shall be permitted to
run from the luminaire terminal connection to an outlet box placed at least one foot from
the luminaire. Such tap conductors shall be in suitable raceways or type AC or MC cable
of at least 18 inches (450 mm) but not over 6 feet in length. [410.117(C)]
Maximum wattage of lamps in recessed lamps shall be marked in letters at least l/4
inches high where visible when relamping. Solder shall not be used in construction of
the luminaire box. (410.120) (410.121)
[410.130(E)]
(1) The ballast of a fluorescent luminaire installed indoors shall have integral thermal
protection. Replacement ballasts shall also have thermal protection.
(2) A simple reactance ballast, used in fluorescent luminaires with straight tubular lamps
shall not be required to be thermally protected.
(3) A ballast in a fluorescent exit luminaire shall not have thermal protection.
(4) A ballast in a fluorescent luminaire that is used for egress lighting energized only
during an emergency shall not have thermal protection.
[410.73(F)]
(1) Recessed high-intensity luminaires designed to be installed in wall or ceiling cavities
shall have thermal protection and be identified as thermally protected.
(2) Thermal protection shall not be required in a recessed high-intensity
luminaire whose design, construction, and thermal performance characteristics are
equivalent to a thermally protected luminaire and are identified as inherently protected.
(3) Thermal protection shall not be required in a recessed, high-intensity
discharge luminaire identified for use and installed in poured concrete.
(4) A recessed remote ballast for a high-intensity discharge luminaire shall
have thermal protection that is integral with the ballast and be identified as thermally
protected.
Open circuit voltage in excess of 300 volts shall not be used in dwellings unless such
equipment is designed so that there will be no exposed live parts when lamps are being
inserted, are in place, or are being removed. (410.135)
Luminaires on low-density combustible cellulose fiberboard shall be approved for this use
Single sections of Track 4 feet or less shall have 2 supports. Where in one
continuous length each 4 feet section shall have one additional support. (410.154)
Track conductors shall be a minimum of #12 or equal. (410.155)(A)
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
1. Hanging luminaires shall not be installed within what distance vertically of a bath tub
rim?
a. 4 feet
b. 6 feet
c. 8 feet
d. 10 feet
2. Which of the following is the proper clearance that surface mounted incandescent
luminaires mounted on the ceiling of clothes closets must have?
a. 6 inches
b. 12 inches
c. 18 inches
d. 24 inches
3. Any luminaires weighing more than which of the following shall not be supported by
the screw shell.
a. 6 pounds
b. 8 pounds
c. 10 pounds
d. 12 pounds
a. Luminescent
b. Intumescent
c. Fluorescent
d. Incandescent
6. In general, luminaires shall not be used as a raceway for circuit conductors unless
which of the following applies?
a. I only
b. II only
c. Both I and II
d. Neither I or II
7. A luminaire requiring supply wire rated higher than 60°C (140°F) shall be marked
in letters not smaller than which of the following?
8. When installing a luminaire to the bottom side of metal corrugated roof decking
which of the following are true
9. Thermal insulation shall not be installed within what distance of the sides of a
recessed luminaire enclosure, wiring compartment or ballast unless it is identified
for contact with insulation, Type IC.
a. 3 inches
b. 6 inches
c. 10 inches
d. l2 inches
2014 NEC Instructor Manual and Student Worksheets -- Level 1 224
10. Lighting track shall be considered heavy duty when in excess of?
a. 15 amperes
b. 20 amperes
c. 30 amperes
d. 40 amperes
ANSWER KEY
1. c, 8 410.10(D)
2. b. 12 inches 410.16(C)(1)
3. a. 6 lbs. 410..30(A)
4. d. incandescent. 410.16(B)
5. d, GFCI protected 410.44 Ex 3
6. c. Both I and II 410.64
7. d. 1/4 inch high 410.74(A)
9. d 1 1/2 “ from lowest 410. 10 (F)a. 3 inches 410.116(B)
10. b. 20 amps 410.153
WORKSHEET
a. 120 volts
b. 50 volts
c. 30 volts
d. 12 volts
2. Lighting systems circuits operating at 30 volts or less shall not be installed where
concealed or extended through a building wall unless
a. 1 only
b. 2 only
c. neither 1 or 2
d. either 1 and 2
3. On secondary circuits, bare conductors shall not be installed less than which of
The following distances above the finished floor?
a. 6 1/2 ft.
b. 7 ft.
c. 7 1/2 ft.
d. 8 ft.
a. 15
b. 20
c. 25
d. 30
ANSWER KEY
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson, each student should be familiar with appliances and the
requirements for branch-circuit sizing, their installations, control, and protection.
MATERIALS NEEDED:
INTRODUCTION:
With as much contact as we have with appliances at home, work, and play, it is very
important that they be installed and wired in a safe manner. In this lesson, we will
study the following National Electrical Code requirements:
Article 422 covers electrical appliances used in any occupancy with the exception of
appliances in which the current-carrying parts at high temperature are necessarily
exposed, such as toasters and grills. Appliances shall have no live parts normally
exposed.
Where applicable, all requirements of the Code shall apply. If used in hazardous
locations, appliances shall comply with Articles 500 and 517. An appliance containing
hermetic refrigerant motor-compressors shall comply with Article 440.
The rating of an individual branch-circuit shall not be less than the marked rating of the
appliance with the following exceptions. (422.10 (A)
422.10(B) circuits supplying 2 or more loads branch circuit supplying appliances and
other loads. shall be protected in accordance with 210.23.
If an appliance is marked with a protective device rating, the overcurrent device rating
shall not exceed this marking. [422.11(A)]
Central heating equipment, other than fixed electric space heating equipment, shall be
supplied by an individual branch circuit. (422.12)
All fixed storage-type water heaters having a capacity of 120 gallons or less shall have a
branch-circuit rating no less than 125% of the name plate rating of the water heater.
(422.13)
The types of cords and how they are installed on an appliance is shown in Section
422.16.
Review new sections 422-19 Space for Conductors; 422.20 Outlet Boxes to be
Covered; 422.21 Covering of Combustible Material at Outlet and 422.23 Tire
Inflation and Automotive Vacuum Machines
Each electrically heated appliance that is located in a fixed position shall be placed
as to provide ample protection between the appliance and adjacent combustible
material.(422.17)
Wall-mounted ovens and counter-mounted cooking units complete with provision for
mounting and or making electrical connections shall be permitted to be permanently
connected or, only for ease of serving or installation, cord-and-plug connected. When a
separable connection or a plug and receptacle is used it shall be approved for the
temperature of the space. [422.16(B)(3)]
2014 NEC Instructor Manual and Student Worksheets -- Level 1 230
A means shall be provided to disconnect each appliance from all grounded conductors. If
supplied from more than one source, the disconnecting means shall be grouped and
identified. (422.30)
Permanently connected appliance rated at not over 300 volt amperes or 1/8 Hp may
use branch-circuit overcurrent devices as the disconnecting means. [422.31(A)]
When unit switches are used as disconnecting means they shall meet all requirements
for disconnecting means. All switches and circuit breakers used as disconnecting means
shall meet all requirements for disconnecting means.(422.34)
Unless identified as suitable for use with infrared heating lamps within their rated
wattage, screw-shell lampholders shall not be used with infrared lamps over 300 watts. If
300 watts or less, they shall be permitted with lampholders of medium-base unswitched
porcelain type. (422.48)
All switches and circuit breakers used as disconnecting means shall be of the
indicating type. (422.35)
The disconnecting means for a motor operated appliance of more than 1/8
horsepower shall comply with 430.109 & 431.110.. (422.32(C)
If the branch circuit supplies a single non-motor-operated appliance rated at more than
13.3 amperes, the overcurrent device shall not exceed 150% of the appliance rating. If
the appliance is rated at 13.3 amperes or less, the largest overcurrent device allowed is
20 amperes. [422.11(E)]
2014 NEC Instructor Manual and Student Worksheets -- Level 1 231
Review 422.51 (B) Vending Machines Other than Cord and Plug Connected
Each electric appliance shall be provided with a nameplate marking that is located so as
to be visible or easily accessible after installation. Information that is to be on the
nameplate can be found in 422.60.
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
If time will allow, correct the worksheets and discuss the results.
WORKSHEET
a. Article 440
b. Article 430
c. Article 300
d. Article 250
3. When the branch circuit switch or circuit breaker is being used as the
disconnecting means for appliances rated higher than which of the following,
the provision for locking or adding a lock to this disconnecting means shall be
installed on or at the switch or circuit breaker used as the disconnecting means
and shall remain in place with or without the lock installed.
4. For branch circuits supplying appliance and other loads, the rating shall be
determined in accordance with which of the following?
a . 210.23
b . 422.12
c . 310.16
d . 310.15(B)
A. The length of cord for waste disposers shall be three to four feet long.
B. A trash compactor protected by a system of double insulation shall not
be required to be grounded.
a. A only
b. B only
c. Both A and B
d. Neither A nor B
8. Where the separable connector or plug and receptacle are not accessible, cord-
and-plug-connected appliances shall be provided with disconnecting means in
accordance with 422.31. Which of the following is acceptable for an appliance
rated at 1/8 horsepower and 300 volt-amperes?
a. 18 inches
b. 12 inches
c. 24 inches
d. 36 inches
11. A branch circuit supplying a fixed storage-type water heater having a capacity of
120 gallons or less shall have a rating not less than which of the following?
12. Screw-shell lampholders shall not be used with infrared lamps rated over 300
watts, unless the lampholders are identified as being suitable for use with which of
the following?
15. A unit switch with a marked-off position that is part of an appliance shall be
permitted as the disconnecting means if it disconnects which of the following?
I. Visible
II. Easily accessible after installation.
a. I only
b. II only
c. Either I or II
d. Neither I or II
ANSWER KEY
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson, each student should be familiar with enforcement of code
requirements for fixed electric space heating equipment.
Article 424 includes requirements for several different types of heating systems some
of which will only be encountered occasionally such as heating cable, unit heaters,
boilers, central systems, etc. This Article does not apply to process heating or room air
conditioners.
Installation
If heating equipment requires more than 60 degrees Celsius insulation on supply wiring,
it must be clearly marked and the marking must be visible after installation. (424.11)
Locations
Units subject to physical damage shall be protected in an approved manner. Units in wet
or damp areas shall be approved for such location and installed so liquid cannot enter.
(424.12)
Disconnecting means not within sight from the heater requires either a separate
disconnect be installed or a disconnect capable of being locked open or unit
switches complying with 424.19(C)
A branch circuit switch or circuit breaker may serve as a disconnecting means for
units without supplementary overcurrent protection containing motors not more
than 1/8 horsepower where readily accessible for servicing. Similar units more
than 1/8 horsepower will require a disconnect within sight of motor controller.
Unit switches may be used as disconnecting means where provided with a marked
"off" position and when meeting requirements of 424.19(C) for the type of
occupancy involved.
Switches must be of the type indicating the "on" and "off" positions.
Overcurrent Protection
Space heating equipment supplied by branch circuits in Article 210 shall be
permitted where not supplying motor operated equipment as in Articles 430 and
440. [424.22(A)]
Heating cables must be at least 8 inches from the edge of outlet boxes and
junction boxes, and at least 2 inches from recessed fixtures. [424.39]
Adjacent runs of cable not less than 1 1/2 inch on center and secured at intervals
not exceeding 16 inches. [424.41(B)]
Splices in the cable should be made only where necessary and in no case to alter
length of cable. Cables shall cross joists only at ends of room. [424.41(D)]
[424.41(J)]
Heating cables shall not exceed 16 1/2 watts per linear foot in concrete or
masonry floors.
[424.44(A)]
All cable installations must be inspected before being covered. Review typical
installation procedures. [424.45]
Duct Heaters
All duct heaters must first be identified as suitable for installation. [424.58]
If duct heater is located within 4 feet of a heat pump or air conditioner it must be
identified as suitable for such installation. [424.61]
Electrode-type Boilers
Branch circuit conductors and protective devices shall be calculated at
125% of total load except for contactors, relay, or other devices approved
for continuous operation at 100% of rating. [424.82]
Over temperature and over pressure limiting controls are required and
must meet the same requirements as for resistance-type boilers. [424.83]
and [424.84]
Excess non-heating leads of heating panels and heating panel sets may be
cut to desired length. [424.97]
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
If time will allow, correct the worksheets and discuss the results.
WORKSHEET
1. Branch circuits supplying two or more outlets for fixed electric heat shall be rated
which of the following?
2. Branch circuit conductors supplying fixed electric space heating equipment shall be
considered which of the following?
a. Nonlinear loads.
b. Appliance circuits.
c. Nonlighting loads.
d. Continuous loads.
(I) The disconnecting means provided is also within sight from the
motor controller(s) and the heater.
(II) The disconnecting means provided is capable of being locked in
the open position.
a. I only
b. II only
c. Both I and II
d. Neither I or II
a. 75º C
b. 60º C
c. 75º F
d. 60º F
a. 50 amperes
b. 70 amperes
c. 100 amperes
d. 60 amperes
7. All heating elements that are replaceable in the field and are part of an electric heater
shall have the element ratings legibly marked with which of the following?
8. Which of the following would be the minimum wire size in THW for 5 KW
resistance heater with a 3 amperes fan motor rated 240V/1ø.
a . # 8
b . # 10
c . # 12
d . # 1/0
a. I only
b. II only
c. Both I and II
d. Neither I nor II
10. How close can a duct heater be to a heat-pump air conditioner without having to be
identified for air conditioner use?
a. 4 feet
b. 6 feet
c. Within sight
d. 5 feet
11. Disconnecting means for duct heaters must be located in accordance with which of
the following?
a. I only
b. II only
c. Both I and II
d. Either I or II
a. 50 amperes
b. 48 amperes
c. 30 amperes
d. 60 amperes
14. A complete assembly provided with a junction box or a length of flexible conduit
for connection to a branch circuit is describing which of the following?
15. Heating panels or panel sets installed under floor covering shall not exceed which of
the following wattages per square foot of heated area?
ANSWER KEY
OBJECTIVES:
MATERIALS NEEDED:
INTRODUCTION:
Article 430, dealing with motors, is somewhat unique from other articles because electric
motors come in so many different kinds and sizes. Also, motors are generally rated by
size and voltage, and general principles that apply to motors may hold true over a wide
array of motor sizes. Motor circuits are quite different from other circuits, in that, they
have different overcurrent protection for starting and have different fuse systems. As far
as motor controllers are concerned, there are many ways to control motors. One way is by
means of automatic controllers, which tend to complicate matters somewhat. Hence, a
working knowledge of motors and the like would be very helpful in understanding this
article.
Article 430 encompasses guidelines for motors, motor circuits and controllers for all
levels of inspection. Since a Level I inspector will only see certain areas governed by
this Article, cover only those sections that are typical of what a Level I inspector would
most likely experience on the job. This lesson plan will
Given the fact that this Article is rather lengthy, the instructor may want to break
down the lesson and teach only a couple of objectives at a time. It would also be
advisable to teach Article 440 along with or after Article 430.
Part I covers provisions for motors, circuits, and controllers that are not covered
in other parts of this Article. For example, air conditioning and refrigerator
equipment are covered in Article 440. (430.1)
Motors and controllers shall also comply with the provisions of other articles in
the Code. See the list in Section 430.5 .
Controllers shall be marked with the marker’s name or identification, voltage, current or
horsepower rating, short-circuit current rating and other data necessary to properly
indicate suitable motors. If the controller includes overload protection suitable for group
motor application it shall be marked with the motor overload protection and maximum
branch-circuit short-circuit and ground-fault protection for such applications. If
combination controllers have adjustable instantaneous trip circuit breakers they shall be
marked to indicate ampere settings of the adjustable trip element. (430.8)
If the necessary data is on the nameplate then it is not required to mark individual
controllers when they are an integral part of a motor as a motor generator set. If the
controller is an integral part of equipment approved as a unit, then the markings shall be
on the equipment nameplate. (430.8)
Terminal torque requirements for control circuit devices with screw type pressure
terminals used with less than or equal to No. 14 AWG copper conductors shall be torqued
to a minimum of 7 inch-pounds unless identified for a different torque value. [430.9I,
Tables 430.12(B), 430.12(C)(1), and 430.12(C)(2)]
Motors shall be located in a manner that will permit adequate ventilation and access for
maintenance. Open motors having commutator or collector rings shall be protected so
sparks will not reach nearby combustible materials. This does not
limit the location of these motors on wooden floors or supports. (430.14)
In order to determine the largest motor, select the motor with the highest rated full-load
current, which shall be the equivalent value corresponding to the motor
horsepower rating in Tables 430-247 through 430-250. (430.17)
Branch-circuit conductors that supply a single motor shall have an ampacity not less than
125% of the motor full-load current rating. If a multi-speed motor is used, then the
branch-circuit conductors on the line side of the controller shall be based on the highest of
the full-load current ratings shown on the motor nameplate. The branch-circuit conductors
between the controller and the motor shall be based on the particular speed at which that
2014 NEC Instructor Manual and Student Worksheets -- Level 1 250
circuit is energized. Exceptions apply to motors used for a short time and for d-c motors
operating from a rectified single phase power supply. [430.22(A)]
When conductors supply several motors, the ampacity shall be equal to the sum of the
full-load current rating of all of the motors plus 25% of the highest rated motor in the
group. (430.24)
If one or more of the motors is short-time or periodic etc., compute the ampacity of the
conductors as follows:
1. Use Table 430.22(E) and find the needed ampere rating for each other than
continuous duty motor.
2. Find the needed ampere rating for each continuous duty motor based on
100% motor full-load current rating.
10. Take the largest single motor ampere rating from part (1) or (2) and
multiply by 1.25. Then, add all other motor ampere rating from (1) and
(2) and select the conductor ampacity for the total ampere rating.
The conductor size shall be determined from the larger motor or a group of motors
that is/are operated at a given time, if the circuitry prevents the starting and running
of a second motor or group of motors. (430.24)
If you run into conductors that supply motor loads and a lighting or appliance load, then
the ampacity shall be sufficient for the particular load and computed in accordance with
the appropriate Article as follows: (430.25)
There is an exception to feeder taps over 25 feet long noted in 430.28. Review
conditions of the exceptions.
Thermally protected motors shall have ultimate trip currents of the following
percentages of motor full-load current as stated in Tables 430.248 through 430.150.
Motors greater than 1500 horsepower shall have a protective device that has
temperature detectors that cause current to the motor to be interrupted when the
2014 NEC Instructor Manual and Student Worksheets -- Level 1 252
motor attains a temperature rise greater than what is marked on the nameplate in
an ambient of 40 degrees Celsius. [430.32(A)(4)]
Other specifications in this Section apply for one horsepower or less motors that start
automatically and non-automatically. [430.32(B)]
If the overload relay selected in Section 430.32(A) (1) is not sufficient to start and carry
the load of the motor, then the next higher size overload relay shall be permitted to be
used if the trip current of the overload relay does not exceed the following percentages of
the motor full-load current rating. See 430.32(A)(1) figure. Show transparency Table
430.32. (Section 430.32(C))
If devices other than fuses are used as motor overload devices see Table 430.37. Show
transparency of Table 430.37 and discuss.
Overload devices other than fuses, thermal cutouts, or thermal protectors shall
simultaneously open a sufficient number of ungrounded conductors to interrupt current
flow to the motor. (Section 430.38)
For more information on thermal cutouts and overload relays, see 430.40 and note
exceptions.
The overload protection for motors used on general purpose branch-circuits shall be
specified in 430.42 as permitted in Article 210 concerning branch-circuits. Areas
specifically addressed include: less than 1 horsepower motors, greater than 1 horsepower
motors, cord and plug-connected, and time delay.
(430.42)
The motor branch-circuit short-circuit and ground-fault protective device shall be capable
of carrying the starting current of the motor; however, the protective device shall not have
a setting exceeding the calculated value given in Table 430.52. Exception No. 1 and 2
may be considered as the general rule because they occur more often than not. (430.52)
If the motors do not exceed 1 horsepower in rating they shall be permitted on a nominal
120 volt branch-circuit protected at not over 20 amperes or as a branch circuit of 1000
volts, nominal, or less, protected at not over 15 amperes, if certain conditions are meet:
Branch-circuit protective devices shall comply with the provisions of Section 240.15.
(430.56)
Fuseholders shall not be of a smaller size than required to accommodate the fuses
specified in Table 430.52. Show transparency of this Table.
Smaller fuseholders than specified in the Table shall be permitted if the fuses have
time delay appropriate for the starting characteristics of the motor used. (430.57)
Any feeder supplying a specific motor load using conductors based on Section 430.24
shall have a protective device with a rating not greater than the largest rating of the
branch-circuit short-circuit and ground-fault protective device for any motor of the
group plus the sum of the full-load currents of the other motors of the group. Table 430.
52 shall be used to determine maximum settings for branch-circuit short-circuit and
ground-fault protective devices.
When feeder conductors have an ampacity greater than required by 430.24, the rating
of the feeder protective devices shall be permitted to be based on the ampacity of the
feeder conductors. [430.62(A)]
Where a feeder supplies a motor load and a lighting and or appliance, the feeder
protective device shall be permitted to have a sufficient rating to carry the lighting or
appliance load as outlined in Article 210 and 220, plus for a single motor, the rating
outlined in Section 430.52 and for two or more motors, the rating permitted by Section
430.62. (430.63)
Motor Control Circuit: The circuit of a control apparatus or system that carries the
electrical signals directing the performance of the controller, but does not carry the
main power current. (430.71)
If a motor control circuit is tapped from the load side of a motor branch-circuit short-
circuit ground-fault protective device(s) and its function is to control the motor(s)
connected to that branch-circuit, then it shall be protected against overcurrent in
2014 NEC Instructor Manual and Student Worksheets -- Level 1 254
accordance with Section 430.72. This tapped control circuit is not considered to be a
branch-circuit and should be permitted to be protected by a supplementary or branch-
circuit overcurrent protective device. (430.72)
Show transparency of Table 430.72(B) and explain that overcurrent protection for
conductors shall not exceed the values specified in Column A of the Table.
Review the exceptions 1-4 to this rule. (430.72)
Where damage to a motor control circuit would create a hazard, then all conductors of the
control circuit that are outside the control device shall be installed in a raceway or
protected from physical damage in other ways. (430.73) If one side of the motor control
circuit is grounded, then the motor control circuit shall be arranged so that an accidental
ground in the remote-control device will (1) not start the motor and (2) not bypass
manually operated shutdown devices or automatic safety shutdown devices. (430.74)
When the disconnecting means is in the open position, motor control circuits shall be
disconnected from all sources of supply. [430.75(A)]
The disconnecting means may consist of two or more separate devices; one that
disconnects the motor and controller from the power source and the other(s), the motor
control circuit(s) from its power supply. [430.75(A)]
When separate devices are used, they should be located immediately adjacent to one
another. Note the two exceptions to this rule. (430.75(A))
In respect to this Article, a controller is any switch or device normally used to start
and stop a motor by making and breaking the motor circuit locked-rotor current.
[430.82A)]
The controller may be an attachment plug and receptacle for a portable motor
rated at less than or equal to 1/3 horsepower. [430.81(B)]
The horsepower rating of the controller shall not be lower than the horsepower rating
of the motor. Pay particular attention to 430.83(A)(1) and (2).
The controller shall not be required to open all conductors to the motor, unless the
controller serves also as a disconnecting means, then it shall open all ungrounded
2014 NEC Instructor Manual and Student Worksheets -- Level 1 255
conductors to the motor. (430.84)
If a controller is so designed that the pole in the grounded conductors cannot be opened
without simultaneously opening all conductors of the circuit, then one pole of the
controller shall be permitted to be placed in a permanently grounded
conductor. (430.85)
A combination fuseholder and switch may be used as a motor controller if the rating of
the fuseholder will accommodate the size of the fuse recommended in Part III of this
Article for motor overload protection, unless the fuse having time delay appropriate for
the starting characteristics of the motor used, then smaller size fuseholders may be used.
(430.90)
All requirements for motor control centers are now grouped in Part VIII. These
requirements cover design and construction of these centers except for 430.94 on
overcurrent protection.
A disconnecting means shall be located “in sight from” the controller location: The Code
specifies that one equipment shall be in “sight from” another equipment, one of the
equipment specified is to be visible and not more than 50 feet distant from the other.
A disconnecting means shall be located “in sight from” the motor location and the driven
machinery location, except where the disconnecting means provided in accordance with
430.102(A) is capable of being locked in the open position. [430.102(B)]
The disconnecting means for both motor and controller shall be permitted in the same
enclosure with the controller. Also, it shall disconnect the motor and controller from all
ungrounded supply conductors and be designed so that no pole can be operated
independently. (430.103)
The disconnecting means shall indicate clearly whether it is in the open (off) or
closed(on) position. (430.104)
See 430.105 concerning grounded conductors. For information concerning the service
switches as a disconnecting means, see 430. One of the disconnecting means shall be
“readily accessible.”
2014 NEC Instructor Manual and Student Worksheets -- Level 1 256
Readily accessible: Capable of being reached quickly for operation, renewal, or
inspections, without requiring those to whom readily access is a requisite to climb over or
remove obstacles or to resort to portable ladders, chairs, etc. (Article 110, 430.107)
The ampere rating of the disconnecting means for motor circuits rated 1000
volts, nominal, or less, shall be at least 115% of the full-load current rating of the motor.
[430.110(A)]
See 430.110IC] for the ampere rating and interrupting capacity for combination
loads.
Certain types of switch and breakers may be used as both the controller and
disconnecting means. See 430.111 for details.
Each motor shall be provided with an individual disconnecting means, but a single
disconnecting means shall be permitted to serve a group of motors under any one of the
following conditions. (430.112)
Motors receiving electrical energy from more than one source shall have disconnecting
means from each source located immediately adjacent to the equipment served, unless
the disconnecting means is capable of being locked in the open position. Also, a separate
disconnecting means shall not be required for a Class 2 remote-control circuit
conforming with Article 725, rated not over 30 volts, and is isolated and ungrounded.
Explain how motors may be fed from more than one source. (430.113)
Exposed live parts of motors and controllers operating at 50 volts or more between
terminals shall be guarded against accidental contact by enclosure or various other
ways noted below: (430.232)
It may be helpful to go over sample problems with the class to illustrate the
procedures for solving typical motor problems.
The following example may not be a typical problem for a Level I inspector;
however, it requires that one know how to look up data in the tables and apply it
to solve the problems. Also, this particular example involves many of the
essential calculations required for other problems. Generally, if the student can
work out the correct answers to this problem he/she should not have much
difficulty doing other types of motor problems.
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
If time will allow, correct the worksheets and discuss the results.
Using various sections and tables from Article 430, determine the following for one 25
horsepower squirrel-cage induction motor and two 30 horsepower wound- rotor induction
motors on a 460-volt, 3 phase, 60 Hertz supply. Assume dual-element fusing for short
circuit protection.
25 Hp 30 Hp 30 Hp
Squirrel cage Wound-rotor
Induction motor Induction motors
Full volt starting 40oC rise
Service factor 1.15
Code letter F
25 Hp 30 Hp 30 Hp
Amperes
1. Full-load Current 34 40 40
(Table 430.250)
2. Conductor Size
a. Each Motor (125% FLA) 43 50
50
(430.22)
b. All Motors 34 + 40 + (40 times 1.25) = 124
(430.24)
4. Branch-circuit Short-circuit
Ground-fault Protection 60 70
70
(Table 430.52) exception 1
*If not sufficient for starting
may use fuses rated: 70 90 90
[430.52 Exceptions (2)(B)]
WORKSHEET
1. The full-load rating of a motor found on the nameplate is 30.4 amperes and that found
in Table 430.250 is 31.8 amperes. Which value is required to be used when determining
the minimum size branch-circuit conductor permitted?
2. The circuit of a control apparatus or system that carries the electric signals directing
the performance of the controller but does not carry the main power current is known as
which of the following?
3. Motors shall be located so that adequate ventilation is provided. Open motors that
have commutators or collector rings shall be located or protected so that sparks
cannot reach adjacent combustible material. Which of the following floor types is
prohibited for these type motors?
a. Concrete.
b. Metal covered
c. Wood
d. None of the above
4. When referring to the largest motor in a group of motors, which of the following is
the intent of the Code regarding this statement?
a. 100 percent.
b. 150 percent.
c. 500 percent.
d. 1,000 percent.
6. Conductors that supply a single motor used in a continuous duty application shall
have an ampacity of not less than which of the following?
7. Each motor used in a continuous duty application and rated more than 1 hp shall be
protected against overload by one of the following except for?
8. A motor with a marked service factor of 1.15 shall have its overload heater
calculated at what percentage?
a. 100 percent
b. 250 percent
c. 300 percent
d. 125 percent
9. Thermally protected motors shall have ultimate trip currents of what percentage
when full-load currents are greater than 20 amperes?
a. 100 percent
b. 250 percent
c. 140 percent
d. 125 percent
11. A three phase motor shall have an overload protection inserted in how many of
it’s phase conductors?
12. One pole of the disconnecting means shall be permitted to disconnect a permanently
grounded conductor, provided the disconnecting means is designed so that the
pole in the grounded conductor cannot be opened without which of the following
occurring?
13. Where damage to a motor control circuit would create a hazard, then all
conductors of the control circuit that are outside the control device shall be
installed in accordance with which of the following?
I. In a raceway.
II. Protected from physical damage in other ways.
a. I only
b. II only
c. Either I or II
d. Neither I or II
15. Find the feeder conductor ampacity for the three, single phase
(alternating current) motors listed below.
Two – 1 Hp, 230 volt, motors. One –
1 1/2 Hp, 230 volt, motor.
16. Find the conductor ampacity for a 3/4 Hp, continuous duty, 120 volt, single
phase motor.
17. Complete the following requirements for a 15 Hp, 230 volt, 3-phase, induction
type, a-c motor with a service factor of 1.15, nameplate thermal protection at
125% of FLC and no code letter.
ANSWER KEY
1. b. 430.6(A)(1)
2. c. the motor control circuit 100
3. d. none of the above 430.14(B) Exception
4. c. Full-load current 430.24
5. d. 1,000 percent 430.28
6. a. 125 percent 430.22
7. d. an Interior Protective Device. 430.32(A)(1)(2)(3)
8. d. 125 percent 430.32(A)(1)
9. c. 140 percent 430.32 (A)(2)
10. c. Ungrounded conductor 430.36
11. a. In all three phase conductors Table 430.37
12. a. simultaneous opening of all conductors 430.105
13. c. Either I or II 430.73
14. b. an attachment plug and receptacle 430.81(B)
15. 28.5 [ 8 + 8 + ( 10 times 1.25 ) = 28.5 ] 430.24
16. 17.25 ( 13.8 times 1.25 = 17.25 ) 430.22(A)
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson each student should be familiar with requirements
regarding air conditioning and refrigeration equipment.
INTRODUCTION:
This Article will identify areas of concern regarding ampacity requirements for air
conditioning equipment, branch circuit selection current, location and ground fault
protection including room air conditioners.
In discussing this lesson, you may need to refer back to other articles such as:
430, 422, and 424.
Section 440.4 covers the nameplate requirements and should be studied carefully.
Single phase, 115 volt motor compressors rated in excess of 9 amperes locked
rotor or 4.5 amperes at 230 volts and all polyphase systems shall have nameplates
giving load currents.
The inspector should be able to locate, read and properly apply the nameplate
information given by the manufacturer. In studying Section 440.7, it may be
helpful to review Sections 430.24 and 430.53 Review the single machine concept
in Section 440.8.
The location of disconnecting means shall be located within sight from and
2014 NEC Instructor Manual and Student Worksheets -- Level 1 265
readily accessible from the air conditioning or refrigerating. (440.14)
Rating or settings for individual motor compressors are not to exceed 175% of
rated load current or branch circuit selector current whichever is greater. It may
be increased to 225% if necessary for starting current. [440.22(A)]
Branch circuit conductor ampacity must be at least 125% of rated load current or
branch selection current whichever is greater. (440.32)
Briefly review overload relays and motor compressors in Sections 440.53 and
440.54, respectively. Attachment plug ratings are not to exceed 20 amperes at
125 volts, or 15 amperes at 250 volts. [440.55(B)]
Room air conditioners rated not over 250 volts, single phase are covered under
part VII and over 250 volts or 3 phase shall be directly connected. (440.60)
Consider single motor unit when all four conditions are meet. See 440.62(A & B).
440.62(B) states that a plug-connected room air conditioner shall not exceed 80%
of the branch circuit.
APPLICATION:
If time allows, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
WORKSHEET
a. I only
b. II only
c. Either I or II
d. Neither I or II
3. What is the maximum length flexible cord permitted for a nominal 240
volt room air conditioner?
a. 6 feet
b. 8 feet
c. 10 feet
d. 12 feet
1. 125 percent
2. 75 percent
3. 72 percent
4. 80 percent
a. 150 percent
b. 250 percent
c. 300 percent
d. 225 percent
10. The provisions of Part III specify devices intended to protect the branch-
circuit conductors, control apparatus, and motors in circuits supplying hermetic
refrigerant motor-compressors against overcurrent due to short circuits and
grounds. They are in addition to or amendatory of the provisions of which of the
following?
a. Article 240.
b. Article 300.
c. Article 250.
d. Article 440.
a. 250%
b. 150%
c. 125%
2014 NEC Instructor Manual and Student Worksheets -- Level 1 269
d. 115%
a. within 35 feet
b. within sight
c. within 40 feet
d. within 25 feet
a. 140%
b. 175%
c. 125%
d. 225%
a. 125%
b. 150%
c. 115%
d. d. 175%
I. Fuses
II. Inverse time circuit breakers
a. I only
b. II only
c. Either I or II
d. Neither I or II
19. Where lighting units are also supplied along with a room air conditioner
the rating shall not exceed what percentage of the circuit.
a. 25%
b. 75%
c. 50%
d. 100%
20. Where no other loads are supplied, the total marked rating of a cord-and-
attachment-plug-connected room air conditioner shall not exceed which of the
following percentage of the rating of a branch circuit?
a . 50 %
b . 70 %
c . 80 %
d . 25 %
ANSWER KEY
OBJECTIVES:
After completing this lesson each student should be acquainted with the
requirements covering the installation of intrinsically safe apparatus and
wiring for class I, II, and III locations.
INTRODUCTION:
APPLICATION:
WORKSHEET
1. All of the following terms are included in the definitions in Section 504.2 except:
a. Control Drawing
b. Associated Apparatus b.
Intrinsically Safe System d.
Cold Arc Circuit
2. Conductors and cables of intrinsically safe circuits run in other than raceway
or cable tray systems shall be separated by at least which of the following
distances and secured from conductors and cables of any non-intrinsically safe
circuits?
a. 2 inches
b. 4 inches
c. 6 inches
d. 8 inches
3. The maximum spacing between labels used to identify “Intrinsic Safety Wiring”
is:
a. 6 inches
b. 24 inches
c. 6 feet
d. 25 feet
a. 1.25 inches
b. 1.00 inches
c. .75 inch
d. .25 inch
ANSWER KEY
2. A, 2 inches 504.30(A)(3)
3. D, 25 feet 504.80(B)
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson each student should be familiar with wiring
requirements of service stations and other gasoline dispensing establishments.
MATERIALS NEEDED:
INTRODUCTION:
Service stations include any place where volatile flammable liquid is transferred
to fuel tanks of self-propelled vehicles. Special care is taken in around these areas
because a spark could set off an explosion.
Look at the Table 514.3(B)(1) and go over the different areas as to their
classification.
All wiring in the class I location as determined in Table 514.3(B)(1) shall meet the
requirements set forth in Article 501. (514.4)
All wiring above the hazardous locations shall have the wiring meet the same
requirements as commercial garages described in 511.7. (514.7)
All conductors going to the gas pump including the neutral shall be disconnected at the
same time. (514.5)
Seal-off fittings shall be provided as the first fitting out of the ground at the dispenser
or cavity or enclosure also at the boundary of the hazardous location.
The sealing compound shall be approved for the application used. (514.9)
All metal parts of pumps, raceways, and any non-current carrying parts shall be
grounded per Article 250. (514.16)
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
If time will allow, correct the worksheets and discuss the results.
WORKSHEET
a. 10 feet
b. 12 feet
c. 6 feet
d. 5 feet
a. 20 feet
b. 10 feet
c. 5 feet
d. 3 feet
a. 10 feet
b. 20 feet
c. 15 feet
d. 5 feet
a. 12 inches
b. 18 inches
c. 20 inches
d. 24 inches
7. Each dispensing device shall be provided with a means to remove all external voltage
sources, including feedback, during periods of maintenance and service of the
dispensing equipment. The location of this means shall be permitted to be other than
inside or adjacent to the dispensing device. The means to remove all voltage sources
shall also meet which of the following?
a. 2 feet
b. 4 feet
c. 6 feet
d. 10 feet
ANSWER KEY
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson each student should be familiar with electrical construction
and installation criteria for general health care facilities such as doctor’s offices, dental
offices and emergency medical facilities.
MATERIALS NEEDED:
INTRODUCTION:
Part A:
517.1, Scope
517.2, Definitions
Part B:
517.10(A), Applicability
517.11, General Installation/Construction Criteria
517.12, Wiring Methods
517.13, Grounding of Receptacles and Fixed Electrical Equipment
517.14, Panelboard Bonding
Wiring in patient care areas shall be installed in metal raceways or cable assemblies
approved for that purpose. [517.13(B)]
APPLICATION:
WORKSHEET
a. Exam Rooms
b. Surgical Suites
c. Waiting Rooms
d. All of the above
2. In an area used for patient care operating at over 100 volts the grounding
conductor shall be:
ANSWER KEY
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson each student should be familiar special wiring
requirements in places of assembly as provided in Article 518.
MATERIALS NEEDED:
Handout of sections of the North Carolina State Building Code pertaining to places
of assembly.
INTRODUCTION:
If any part of the place of assembly is classified as a hazardous area the wiring within
the hazardous location shall comply with the provisions of Article 500.
With the exception that approved flexible cables and cords shall be permitted to be laid
on floors where protected from contact by the general public, temporary wiring in
exhibition halls used for display booths, as in trade shows shall be installed in
accordance with Article 590.
The control of emergency systems shall comply with Article 700. Give the class some
time to review Article 590.
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
CHECKING AND FOLLOW-UP:
If time will allow, correct the worksheets and discuss the results.
WORKSHEET
a. 50 or more
b. 100 or more
c. 75 or more
d. 300 or more
2. Occupancy of any room or space for assembly purposes by less than 100
persons in a building of other occupancy, and incidental to such other
occupancy, shall be classified as which of the following?
a. Assembly occupancy.
b. Part of the other occupancy.
c. Coincidental Occupancy.
d. Non-incidental Occupancy.
a. Article 590
b. Article 518
c. Article 520
d. Article 511
a. Article 500
b. Article 590
c. Article 520
d. Article 518
a. I only
b. II only
c. Both I and II
d. Neither I or II
a. I only
b. II only
c. Neither I or II
d. Both I and II
ANSWER KEY
1. b. 100 518.1
2. b. Incidental to whatever the occupancy is 518.2(B)
3. c. Article 520 518.2(C)
4. a. Article 500 518.3(A)
5. c. Both I and II 518.3(B)
6. d. Both 1 and 2 518.4(C)(1)(2)
OBJECTIVE:
After this lesson each student should be familiar with procedures for inspecting
concealed wiring installed at the factory.
MATERIALS NEEDED:
INTRODUCTION:
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
CHECKING AND FOLLOW-UP:
If time will allow, correct the worksheet and discuss the results.
2014 NEC Instructor Manual and Student Worksheets -- Level 1 288
MANUFACTURED BUILDING
ARTICLE 545
LEVEL I
WORKSHEET
3. Pre-wired panels and building components shall provide for the bonding, or
bonding and grounding, of all exposed metals likely to become energized,
ANSWER KEY
OBJECTIVE:
After this lesson each student should be familiar with special applications and
provisions of agricultural buildings as related to the Code.
MATERIALS NEEDED:
Pictures or slides of fixtures and enclosures suitable for dust, water, and corrosive
atmospheres and an equipotential plane being installed.
INTRODUCTION:
Agricultural buildings are places where excessive dust and water may accumulate such
as poultry or livestock confinements and grain elevators or storage barns. Many of these
areas may have a corrosive atmosphere due to different kinds of vapors emitted. Also,
some of these buildings are washed and sanitized with water and cleansing agents. These
conditions present a potentially dangerous environment for the use of electricity, so
precautions must be taken.
Section 547.3 clearly indicates that there are agricultural buildings or farm buildings not
of the types covered in Section 547.1(A & B) and they are intended to be wired
according to other applicable articles in the Code.
Sections 547.5 and 547.6 cover wiring methods, flexible connections and enclosures for
devices, relays, overcurrent devices and similar equipment required for agricultural
buildings governed by this Article.
Electrical motors and lighting fixtures should be designed for protection against
moisture, dust, etc. Guards should be used on lights to protect them from physical
damage and in some cases watertight guards should be used.
If time will allow, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
If time will allow, correct the worksheet and discuss the results.
WORKSHEET
1. The provisions of this article shall apply to the following agricultural buildings or
that part of a building or adjacent areas of similar or like nature where excessive
dust and dust with water may accumulate, including all areas of which of the
following except?
a. Poultry buildings.
b. Livestock buildings
c. Fish confinement systems.
d. Pet shops.
a. UF cable
b. NMC cable
c. SE (copper)
d. NM cable
3. What is the minimum size of the bonding conductor required to connect the wire mesh
in a concrete floor of an animal confinement room to the building grounding
electrode system?
a . # 6
b . # 4
c . # 8
d . # 10
ANSWER KEY
OBJECTIVE:
After this lesson each student should be familiar with the requirements regarding
electrical installations within or on a mobile home or manufactured home and the wiring
in a mobile home park.
INTRODUCTION:
Discuss the definitions in Section 550.2 with emphasis on “Mobile Home”,
“Manufactured Home”, “Mobile Home Lot” and “Mobile Home Park”.
Discuss the requirements pertaining to the location of “Service Equipment for mobile
or manufactured homes. Refer to Part III.
Electrical distribution systems within the mobile home park must be 120/240 V, single
phase, 3 wire. The feeder to the mobile home park is calculated based on a lot demand of
the larger of (1) 16,000 VA or (2) the calculated load of the largest mobile home the lot
will accept. Load diversity among the lots can be accommodated by the application of
demand factors given in Table 550.31.
The students should review Article 550 with particular emphasis to exterior wiring systems
(i.e. feeders within the mobile home park, to the mobile home lot, and to the mobile home;
mobile home service equipment). New mobile homes, including the internal electrical
distribution systems, are inspected by a third party agent at the point of manufacture and
are not subject to local inspection. After the students have reviewed this Article to
familiarize themselves with the organization and information contained in this Article, the
instructor should review the Section in its entirety. Insure they understand how to do
calculations for MH for sizing feeder assemblies. Discuss example D11 in Annex D.
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer questions on the worksheet.
If time will allow, correct the worksheets and discuss the results.
2014 NEC Instructor Manual and Student Worksheets -- Level 1 295
MOBILE HOMES AND MOBILE HOME PARKS
ARTICLE 550
LEVEL I
WORKSHEET
5. Where a laundry area is provided, a branch circuit of what ampere rating shall be
provided?
a. 15 ampere
b. 20 ampere
c. 30 ampere
d. not required
ANSWER KEY
Based on the higher circuit calculated for either leg, a minimum 50-ampere supply cord is
required.
OBJECTIVE:
After this lesson each student should be familiar with the requirements of the
wiring and equipment used in recreational vehicle parks.
MATERIALS NEEDED:
INTRODUCTION:
Recreational vehicles are those used for temporary living for things such as
camping. These include motor homes, travel trailers, and truck campers. To get a
better idea of certain definitions in this Section, have students spend a few minutes
looking over the definitions in 551.2.
RV's are factory wired and due to their mobile nature are not available for
inspecting by AHJ therefore much of the material in part A need not be covered
in detail.
Have student look over definitions for recreational vehicle parks. (551.2)(A) All
125-volt, single-phase, 15- and 20-ampere receptacles shall have listed ground-fault
circuit-interrupter protection for personnel. A minimum of 70% of the sites shall be
equipped with a 30 amp 125 volt outlet with configuration per 550.15(C). All 125-
volt, single-phase, 15- and 20-ampere receptacles shall have listed ground-fault
circuit-interrupter protection for personnel. (551.71)
Sites with both 20 and 30 amp supply, 3600 volts amps per site.
Sites with only 20 amps supply, 2400 volt amps per site.
The demand factors in Table 551.73 shall be applied for figuring the service and
feeders. Where park services exceed 240 volts the secondary panelboards shall be
treated as services. Site feeders shall be large enough for the load but not less
than 30 amps. [551.73(d)]
Where provided on back-in sites, the recreational vehicle site electrical supply
2014 NEC Instructor Manual and Student Worksheets -- Level 1 299
equipment shall be located on the left (road) side of the parked vehicle, on a line
that is 1.5 m to 2.1 m (5 ft to 7 ft) from the left edge (driver’s side of the parked
RV) of the stand and shall be located at any point on this line from the rear of the
stand to 4.5 m (15 ft) forward of the rear of the stand. [551.77(A)]
Equipment grounding shall be based on Table 250.122. Neutral shall not be used
for grounding on a recreational vehicle or vehicle site. (551.54)
Overhead open conductors shall have overhead vertical clearance of 18 feet and
horizontal clearance of 3 feet to all areas subject to recreational vehicle movement
(551.79). Underground conductors shall be protected from 18 inches below grade
up to termination . (551.80)
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer questions on the worksheet.
If time will allow, correct the worksheet and discuss the results.
WORKSHEET
a . 47%
b . 45%
c . 40%
d . 41%
a . 25%
b . 50%
c . 70%
d . 100%
3. All 125-volt, single phase, 15 and 20 ampere receptacles provided for the
RV site are required to have which of the following?
a. Type MI
b. Type NM
c. Type UF
d. Type NMC
ANSWER KEY
1. d, Table 551.73
2. c, - 551.71
3. a, - 551.71
4. a, - 551.47 (G)
OBJECTIVE:
After this lesson the students should be familiar with the requirement of park
trailers.
INTRODUCTION:
Cover requirements for power supply and feeders in sections 552.43 and 552.44(A).
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer questions on the worksheet.
If time will allow, correct the worksheet and discuss the results.
1. The cord-exposed usable length shall be measured from the point of entrance to
the park trailer or the face of the flanged surface inlet (motor-base attachment
plug) to the face of the attachment plug at the supply end. What is the maximum
length of the power supply cord?
a. 23 feet
b. 28 feet
c. 40 feet
d. 36.5 feet
I. Autotransformer
II. Voltage Converter
a. I only
b. II only
c. Both I and II
d. Neither I or II
3. Feeder supply cords shall have a minimum ampere rating of which of the
following?
a. 50 amperes
b. 100 amperes
c. 60 amperes
d. 30 amperes
ANSWER KEY
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson each student should be familiar with the
requirements of floating buildings.
INTRODUCTION:
The general rules and requirements for installations are covered by Article 553.
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
If time will allow, correct the worksheet and discuss the results.
WORKSHEET
2. Which of the following wiring methods shall not be used as a feeder when
flexibility is required?
ANSWER KEY
1. b, -. 553.4
2. c, - 553.7(A & B)
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson each student should be familiar with the general
requirements of electrical installation in Marinas and Boatyards.
INTRODUCTION:
The number of installations covered by Article 555 is increasing rapidly and the
importance of proper understanding and application of these safety regulations cannot
be over emphasized. There have been a number of electrocutions on such installations
in North Carolina that could have been avoided provided applicable safety requirements
had been incorporated in the original installation. Maintenance of these installations is
also a very important part of the "safety package."
Many of the recreational facilities covered in the scope of Article 555 will be found
in locations where corrosion is a very difficult problem. Samples of outdoor
equipment which has been designed and listed for such use will be helpful when
evaluating proper application of the necessary components.
The scope and application of other Articles in Section 555.1 and 555.2 need to be
reviewed with the students.
The requirements in Section 555.19 cover receptacles which are divided into two classes
of use; (1) Those which provide shore power to the boats and (2) Those which are for use
in maintenance and other purposes. The safety requirements for each are different and
consequently must be thoroughly understood.
Permitted wiring methods are given in Section 555.13 and should be thoroughly
discussed.
Wiring over and under navigable water is subject to the approval of governmental
agencies, such as the Coast Guard and Army Corps of Engineers.
If time will allow, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
If time will allow, correct the worksheet and discuss the results.
WORKSHEET
1. Shore power for boats shall be provided by single receptacles rated not less
than which of the following?
a. 15 amperes
b. 30 amperes
c. 40 amperes
d. 50 amperes
2. Disconnecting means shall be provided to isolate each boat from its supply
connection(s). The disconnecting means shall be readily accessible and mounted
not more than which of the following from the receptacle it controls?
3. Twenty shore power receptacles rated 20 amperes and 120 volts will be supplied
from one panel. The minimum ampacity for the 120/240 volt feeder is which of
the following?
a. 70 amperes
b. 140 amperes
c. 200 amperes
d. 280 amperes
4. When grounding metal boxes and cabinets at a marina which of the following is the
minimum size and type of equipment grounding conductor permitted?
a. 30 inches
b. 24 inches
c. 36 inches
d. 12 inches
6. Electrical wiring and equipment located at facilities for the repair of marine
craft containing flammable or combustible liquids or gases shall comply with
which of the following in addition to the requirements of this article?
a. Article 511
b. NFPA 110
c. The Local fuel distributor’s regulations.
d. NFPA 101
ANSWER KEY
1. b. 30 ampere 555.19(A)(4)
2. d. 30 inches 555.17(B)
3. a. 140 amps;
20 x 20 = 400 x 70% = 280 amps
280 amps x 120 volts = 33,600 VA
33,600 VA / 240 volt = 140 amps 555.12 and Table 555.12
4. c. #12 insulated conductor 555.15(C)
5. d. 12 inches 555.9
6. a. Article 511 555.22
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson, each student should understand the purpose of
temporary wiring, when and where it is permitted, and the difference between
temporary and permanent wiring.
INTRODUCTION:
The contents of this lesson will deal with temporary electrical power and lighting wiring
methods which may be of a class less than would be required for a permanent
installation.
Time periods in which temporary wiring may be used include: (1) during the period of
construction, (2) 90 days for certain temporary wiring, (3) emergencies and tests, and (4)
during the removal of temporary wiring.
Highlight the prohibition within Section 590.4 against installing directly on the
floor or ground those cable assemblies and flexible cords used as temporary
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
If time will allow, correct the worksheets and discuss the results.
WORKSHEET
4. Under which of the following conditions can vegetation be used for support
of branch circuit conductors or cables for holiday lighting?
a. I only
b. II only
c. Both I and II
d. Neither I or II
ANSWER KEY
1. d. 90 days 590.3(B)
2. a. hard usage or extra hard usage 590.4(C)
3. d. temporary lighting 590.4(D)
4. c. both I and II 590.4(J) Exception
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson each student should be familiar with the special
wiring requirements of electric signs and outline lighting.
MATERIALS NEEDED:
INTRODUCTION:
This lesson covers special wiring needed for special types of equipment.
Remember that Chapter 6 supplements or modify the general rules. Chapters 1
through 4 apply except as amended by Chapter 6 for the particular conditions.
This lesson is concerned with 1000 volts and less.
Article 600 covers the installation of conductors and equipment for electrical signs
and outline lighting.
Discuss definitions of; neon-tubing; section sign; sign body; skeleton tubing
(600.2).
Wiring methods used to supply signs and outline lighting shall terminate within a sign or
system enclosure. Signs and transformer enclosures shall be permitted as pull or junction
boxes to supply adjacent signs or outline lighting system. Metal poles used to support
signs shall be permitted to enclose conductors provided poles and conductors are
installed per 410.30(B).
Each outline lighting installation and each sign shall be controlled by an externally
operable switch or circuit breaker that will open all ungrounded conductors. Emphasize
that this disconnecting means shall be located at the point where the feeder circuit or
branch circuit(s) supplying a sign or outline lighting enters a sign enclosure or pole and
must disconnect all wiring. (600.6)
Switches, flashers, and similar devices controlling transformers shall either be rated for
controlling inductive loads or have an ampere rating not less than twice the ampere
rating of the transformer. AC general use snap switches shall be permitted to be used on
AC circuits to control inductive loads not exceeding the ampere and voltage rating of
the switch. [600.6(B)] (See 404.14)
Metal equipment of signs, outline lighting, and skeleton tubing must be grounded. Listed
flexible metal conduit or listed liquidtight flexible metal conduit that encloses secondary
conductors of a transformer or power supply for use with neon tubing shall be permitted
as the bonding means if the total length does not exceed 100 feet. Where flexible
nonmetallic conduit or tubing is used a bonding conductor is required and shall meet the
following: (1) be spaced at least 1-1/2 inches from the conduit when the circuit is
operated at < 100 Hz or 1-3/4 inches if > 100 Hz (2) installed separate from the flexible
non-metallic conduit (3) Copper not smaller than #14 and protected from physical
damage if installed external to sign or raceway. (600.7)
Enclosures shall have ample strength and rigidity made of metal or be listed. The
minimum thickness for sheet copper or aluminum shall be 0.020 inches and 0.016 inches
for sheet steel. Metal parts must be protected against corrosion. (600.8)
A sign or outline lighting system shall be located at least 14’ above areas accessible to
vehicles unless protected from physical damage. Neon tubing readily accessible to
pedestrians shall be protected from physical damage. Adjacent combustible materials
shall not be subject to temperatures in excess of 90 degrees Celsius. The spacing between
wood and other combustible material in incandescent or HID lamp or lamp holder shall
not be less than 2”. [600.9]
2014 NEC Instructor Manual and Student Worksheets -- Level 1 318
Sign and outline lighting systems in wet location shall be weather proof and have a drain
hole in the low point or isolated section no larger than 1/2 “ or smaller than 1/4” and be
positioned so there can be no external obstructions. [600.9(D)]
Portable or mobile signs shall be adequately supported and readily removable without
tools. Attachment plugs shall be provided for each sign. In wet or damp locations cords
shall be for hard service or hard service types and have an equipment grounding
conductor. The cord shall be one designated in table 400-4. The cord shall not exceed
15’. [600.10(D)]
Ballasts, transformers, electronic power supplies and Class 2 power sources shall be
securely fastened in place as near to the lamps or neon tubing as practicable. If in a wet
location then they must be weather proof or be listed for outdoor use. A work space of
3’ high 3’ wide and 3’ deep shall be provided at each ballast, transformer, electronic
power supply and Class 2 power source where not installed in a sign. Ballasts,
transformers, electronic power supplies and Class 2 power sources shall be permitted in
attic spaces where there is an access door and passageway to the ballast of at least 3’ X
2’ and a 12” suitable permanent walkway extending from the point of entry. Ballasts,
transformers, electronic power supplies and Class 2 power sources in suspended ceiling
are not to be supported by ceiling grid and are not connected to the branch circuit by
flexible cord. (600.21)
Ballast shall be listed for use. Transformers and electronic power supplies shall have
secondary ground-fault protection except for (1) transformers with isolated ungrounded
secondaries and maximum open circuit voltage < 7500 volts (2) transformers with
integral porcelain or glass secondary housing for neon tubing requiring no field wiring.
Secondary voltage shall not exceed 15,000 volts and the voltage to ground of any output
terminal shall not exceed 7500 volts. The secondary current rating shall have a
secondary current rating of not more than 300 milliamperes. Secondary circuits shall not
be connected in paralleled or in series. (600.23)
Neon secondary circuit conductors, 1000 volts or less shall use wiring in chapter
3. Conductors shall be insulated not smaller than # 18. The number of conductors in
a raceway shall be in accordance with Table 1 of Chapter 9. (600.31)
Neon secondary conductors over 1000 volts must be installed per 600.32(A). Conductors
shall be separated from each other and from other objects by spacing not less than 1 1/2”.
The insulation on all conductors shall extend beyond the conduit not less than 2 1/2”.
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
If time will allow, correct the worksheets and discuss the results.
WORKSHEET
I. Without exception each outline lighting installation and each sign shall
be controlled by a switch that is in sight of the sign.
II. If not rated for controlling inductive load(s) flashers controlling
transformers shall have an ampere rating not less than twice the ampere
rating of the transformer.
a. I only
b. Both I and II
c. II only
d. Neither I or II
2. All of the following are true of wiring methods for outdoor electric signs
EXCEPT for which of the following?
II. The required sign outlet for commercial buildings and commercial occupancy
shall be supplied by a 20 ampere branch circuit, which supplies no other load.
a. Both I and II
b. I only
c. II only
d. Neither I or II
I. Circuits which supply other than neon tubing installations shall be rated
not to exceed 20 amperes.
II.Circuits supplying neon tubing installations shall not be rated in excess
of 30 amperes.
a.I
b. Both I and II
c . II only
d. Neither I or II
5. Signs and outline lighting systems shall be marked with the manufacturer’s
name, trademark, or other means of identification as well as which of the
following?
a. I only
b. II only
c. Both I and II
d. Neither I or II
a. Drain holes shall not be larger than 1⁄2 inch or smaller than 1⁄4 inch.
b. Every low point or isolated section of the equipment shall have at least
one drain hole.
c. Drain holes shall be positioned such that there will be no external
obstructions.
d. Drain holes shall be placed no more than 6” apart.
a. 5 inches
b. 5 feet
c. 12 feet
d. 12 inches
10. Secondary circuit conductors 1000 volts or less shall be listed, insulated, and not
smaller than.
a. 18 AWG
b. 16 AWG
c. 14 AWG
d. 12 AWG
ANSWER KEY
1. c. II only 600.6(B)
2. b. 600.5(C)(2)
3. c. II only 600.5(A)
4. b. Both I and II 600.5(B)(1 & 2)
5. a. Input voltage and current rating 600.4a
6. d 600.2
7. d. 600.8(C)
8. d. 600.9(D)
9. c, 12 inches 600.10(C)(2)
10. a. 18 AWG 600.31(B)
OBJECTIVE:
After completing this lesson each student should be familiar with the
requirements related to office furnishings including lighting accessories and wired
partitions.
MATERIALS NEEDED:
Section 605.2 has a new definition: Office furnishings. Emphasis needs to be given for
the new definition. Section 605.5 covers the types of Office furnishing interconnections
and the use of flexible cords. Section 605.6 covers the lighting equipment permitted for
the partition and requires such to be listed. Note that receptacles in fixtures are not
permitted.
Sections 605.7 through 605.8 covers the different types of partitions and the
permitted methods of providing power to the same.
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
If time will allow, correct the worksheet and discuss the results.
I. Convenience receptacles.
II. 18 AWG wiring.
a. I only
b. II only
c. Both I and II
d. Neither I nor II
ANSWER KEY
OBJECTIVES:
INTRODUCTION:
In this Article, the term "pool" includes: swimming, wading, and permanently installed
therapeutic pools. "Fountains" refer to fountains, ornamental pools, reflection pools, and
display pools. Those sections covered in this lesson plan are the most important for a
level one class.
Review definitions in Section 680.2. Make sure the students have a good idea of the
terms in this Section.
Study carefully the requirements for underwater lighting fixtures installed below the
normal water level of the pool. Explain the wiring methods and materials for Wet-Niche,
Dry-Niche, and No-Niche fixtures. (680.23)
Review the requirements for junction boxes and enclosures for transformers or
ground fault circuit interrupters in Section 680.24.
Explain the bonding requirements for all pool associated equipment. Also cover the
minimum size and type of bonding conductors required in Section 680.26.
Briefly discuss the rest of this Article and have the class read it. The use of
handouts and materials may be very helpful in this Article.
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer the questions on the worksheet.
If time will allow, correct the worksheets and discuss the results.
WORKSHEET
a. A fountain.
b. A packaged spa.
c. A therapeutic tub.
d. A hydromassage tub.
2. A permanently installed swimming pool shall no fewer than one 125 volt, 15-or
20-ampere receptacle on a general-purpose branch circuit shall be located at
what distance from the inside wall of the pool?
3. Lighting fixtures are permitted to be installed no less than which of the following
above the maximum water level of an outdoor pool?
a. 5 feet
b. 10 feet
c. 15 feet
d. 12 feet
a. 5 feet
b. 10 feet
c. 15 feet
d. 20 feet
a. 2 feet
b. 2 feet 6 inches
c. 1 foot 6 inches
d. 3 feet
8. A panelboard at a swimming pool not part of the service equipment shall have an
equipment grounding conductor installed between its grounding terminal and the
grounding terminal of the service equipment, sized according to Table 250-95, but
not smaller than which of the following?
a. # 6 copper conductor
b. # 8 copper conductor
c. # 10 copper conductor
d. # 12 copper conductor
9. Receptacles located indoors where a spa or hot tub is installed shall be at least
which of the following distance from the inside walls of the spa or hot tub?
a. 20 feet
b. 15 feet
c. 6 feet
d. 10 feet
a. readily accessible
b. located at least 5 ft from wall of pool unless separated by barrier
c. either a or b
d. both a and b
12. Any wiring method for a pool associated pump motor shall include an
equipment grounding conductor which is?
a. insulated
b. not smaller than a # 14
c. uninsulated
d. directly connected to a grounding electrode
13. Where reinforcing steel of the pool shell is encapsulated with a nonconductive
compound, which of the following statements describes the required grid?
14. All 15- or 20-ampere, single-phase 125-volt through 250-volt receptacles located
within which of the following distances of a fountain edge shall be provided with GFCI
protection.
a. 2 feet
b. 4 feet
c. 10 feet
d. 20 feet
2014 NEC Instructor Manual and Student Worksheets -- Level 1 333
15. Which of the following statements is true concerning outlets supplying pool pump
motors?
ANSWER KEY
OBJECTIVE:
At the conclusion of this lesson each student should know about alternate sources of
power to power companies and some of the rules in installing these types of systems.
MATERIALS NEEDED:
INTRODUCTION:
When talking about photovoltaic systems let us first look at what it means. The definition
is: The total components and subsystems which in combination convert solar energy into
electrical energy suitable for connection to a utilization load. This means this is electrical
power for a load or loads in either conjunction with a local utility or totally on its own. In
this Article we will cover regulations we need to be looking for in these types of
installations.
Have the students read the definitions then go over certain key definitions such as:
Panel, Module, Power Source, Source Circuit, and Solar Cell (690.2). Where other
articles differ from this Article, Article 690 shall apply. (690.3).
Explain 690.1.
Photovoltaic system conductors shall be kept separate from all other raceways, cable
trays, cables, boxes, and anything similar containing branch circuits of other systems. The
grounded conductor shall be so installed at the panel or module so as to assure that the
removal would not interrupt the circuit. [690.31(B)]
In DC circuits the voltage considered shall be the rated open-circuit voltage. Source and
output circuits which do not included lampholders, fixtures, or receptacles shall be
permitted up to 600 volts. If over 150 volts to ground at a single family or two family
dwelling the output and source circuits shall be inaccessible to other than qualified
persons while energized. [690.7 (A, C, & D)]
Where fuses are separate from the disconnecting means a disconnect shall be
provided to disconnect the fuse, if energized from both directions and accessible
to other than qualified persons. Source circuit fuses shall be disconnected
separately from other circuit fuses. (690.16)
When the DC circuit switch is designed so it cannot be opened under load the
disconnect can be lower than the load rating. (690.17) Means shall be provided to
disable an array or portions of an array. (690.18)
For a photovoltaic power source, one conductor of a 2-wire system rated over 50
volts and a neutral conductor of a 3-wire system shall be solidly grounded.
(690.41) The DC circuit shall be grounded at any point on the output circuit.
(690.42)
Where the power source short-circuit current is less than twice the current rating of
the overcurrent device or where overcurrent devices are not required according to
690.9(A) the grounding conductor shall be no smaller than the circuit conductors.
All others to be sized according to 250.134. (690.43)
Modules shall be marked with (1) open-circuit voltage, (2) operative voltage, (3)
maximum voltage, (4) operating current, (5) short circuit current, and (6)
maximum power. (690.51)
Power source must be marked with (1) operating current, (2) operating voltage,
(3) open-circuit voltage, (4) short-circuit current. (690.53)
Output of single-phase power conditioning units must not be derived from a delta-
connected transformer. Three phase power conditioning units shall automatically
disconnect all conductors when any one is lost. [605.64]
Storage batteries must meet requirements of Article 480. If used in dwelling units
must operate at less than 50 volts, and be insulated to guard against accidental
contact. [690.71(B)(1)(2)]
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer questions on the worksheet.
CHECKING AND FOLLOW-UP:
If time will allow, correct the worksheets and discuss the results.
WORKSHEET
a. 12
b. 16
c. 20
d. 24
ANSWER KEY
OBJECTIVE:
To inform the student that the provisions of this article apply to the installation
and operation of optional standby systems.
The systems covered by this article consist of those that are permanently installed
in their entirety, including prime movers, and those that are arranged for a
connection to a premises wiring system from a portable alternate power supply.
MATERIALS NEEDED:
INTRODUCTION:
Inform the student that this system is intended to supply power to public or
private facilities or property where life safety does not depend on the performance
of the system. Optional standby systems are intended to supply on-site generated
power to selected loads either automatically or manually. This system is often
used when situations occur that make it necessary for owners to perform
equipment maintenance or when breakdowns occur or when there is an extended
power outage. In such instances, a portable generator can be brought to a facility
and connected to the existing distribution system. The supervision by qualified
personnel is critical to ensuring that a dangerous backfeed condition is not created
by connecting the generator to the system without the benefit of transfer
equipment.
If time will allow, let the class answer questions on the worksheet.
If time will allow, correct the worksheet and discuss the results.
1. Where manual transfer equipment is used with adequate capacity and rating for
all of the equipment to be operated at one time, the user of the optional standby
system shall be permitted to do which of the following?
2. Audible and visual signal devices shall be provided, where practicable, for which
of the following purposes?
a. I o nl y
b. II only
c. Neither I or II
d. Both I and II
a. A grounded conductor
b. The grounding electrode conductor
c. The earth
d. The system grounding electrode
ANSWER KEY
OBJECTIVE:
Each student should be acquainted with the requirements for interconnected electric power
production sources and their installation(s).
INTRODUCTION:
This article applies to interconnected electric power production sources. This article covers
the installation of one or more electric power production sources operating in parallel.
Cover the definitions outlined in 705.2. Explain in detail that other articles; such as 445
Generators, 690 Solar Photovoltaic (PV) Systems, and 692 Fuel Cell Systems, apply to the
use of this article.
Cover in detail 705.12 Point of connection, inverters and overcurrent.
705.20 through 705.22 for disconnecting means of sources and equipment and their
prospective locations.
705.30 Overcurrent protection of solar photovoltaic systems, transformers, fuel cell
systems, utility-interactive inverters, and generators.
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer questions on the worksheet.
If time will allow, correct the worksheets and discuss the results. Ensure the students
understand Article 705.
OBJECTIVE:
This article covers voice, audio, video, data, interactive services, telephone, telegraph
(except radio), outside wiring for fire alarm and burglar alarm, and similar central station
systems; and telephone systems not connected to a central station system but using similar
types of equipment, methods of installation, and maintenance. Cover Article 810 for
Radio and Television Equipment, Article 820 for Community Antenna Television and
Radio Distribution Systems, and Article 830 for Network-Powered Broadband
Communications Systems.
MATERIALS NEEDED:
INTRODUCTION:
When talking about communications systems, let us first look at what it means. The
definition is: The electronic equipment that performs the telecommunications operations
for the transmission of audio, video, and data, and includes power equipment (e.g., dc
converters, inverters and batteries) and technical support equipment (e.g., computers).
Have the students read the definitions then go over certain key definitions such as:
Abandoned Communications Cable, Cable, Point of Entrance, Premises, and Wire. Cover
articles 800.100, 800.154 (including the tables), and additional Sections in
communications such as article 810, article 820, and article 830. Be sure to cover in detail
the bonding and grounding of communication systems.
APPLICATION:
If time will allow, let the class answer questions on the worksheet.
If time will allow, correct the worksheet and discuss the results.
WORKSHEETS
a. C MP
b. CMR
c. C MG
d. CMX
2. A bonding jumper not smaller than which of the following (or equivalent) shall
be connected between the communications grounding electrode and power
grounding electrode system at the building or structure served where separate
electrodes are used?
a. # 4 AWG
b. # 3 AWG
c. # 8 AWG
d. # 6 AWG
a. 10 feet
b. 8 feet
c. 5 feet
d. 6 feet
a. # 14 AWG.
b. # 6 AWG.
c. # 4 AWG
d. # 8 AWG
ANSWER SHEET