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University of San Carlos – Department of Chemical Engineering

CHE 524N13NL FORM-2B-Response to Reviewers Comments

Research Proposal Title: Extraction and Salt Extraction for Producing MOSC Coagulant for Carrageenan
Wastewater TreatmentEffluent Wafer Remediation
Research Proponents: Amantiad, Japhia Kim M.
Alquizola, Emmanuel D.
Cos, Syra Jeane R.
Dela Cerna, Bernard Kenneth A.
Lomotos, Roxanne Marie L.
Sandueta, Kathleen Camille P.
Uy, Allaine S.
Adviser: Engr. Patrick U. Tan
Date of Proposal Defense: September 2, 2017
Date Revision Submitted: December 2017March 12, 2018
Date Revision Checked:
Revision No: 52
Term and Academic Year: A.Y. 2017-2018

Reviewers Comment(s) and Suggestion(s) Response and Revisions Satisfactory


Yes No
Reviewer 1: Engr. Ramir L. JarabisLuis K. Cabatingan
Title
The title should be revised so as to capture the Formatted: Font: Arial Narrow
essential focus of the proposed work. Based in
the proposal content, the essential focus of the
proposed work. Based on the proposal content,
the essential focus is on characterizing salt Formatted: Font: Arial Narrow, Not Bold
extracts of MO seedcakes in terms of their Formatted: Font: Arial Narrow
ability to reduce TSS and COD levels of
carrageenan wastewater through coagulation
and settling.
1. Suggested title: “Aqueous salt extracts of Formatted: Font: Arial Narrow, Not Bold
defatted and undefatted Moringa oleifera
seedcakes as coagulant for carrageenan
wastewater.” Formatted: Font: Arial Narrow
1. There is organic content in the sludge, would it Please see explanatory paragraph in the
be appropriate for ceramics making? What manuscript located in page 17: Section 7 Waste Formatted: Not Highlight
treatments are available? Discuss. Treatment. Formatted: Not Highlight
The spent bentonite containing volatile organic
carbon will undergo devolatilization at around
800°F, which is below the melting point of
bentonite. Formatted: Not Highlight
2. Are you planning to just discharge or reuse the The plan is to sell the water for the reuse of other
Formatted: Not Highlight
water? companies.
Formatted: Not Highlight

Formatted: Highlight

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University of San Carlos – Department of Chemical Engineering
CHE 524N13NL FORM-2B-Response to Reviewers Comments Formatted ...
Formatted ...
3. What is the solubility of formaldehyde? Formaldehyde is highly soluble in water; it is Field Code Changed ...
commonly distributed as 37 wt/wt% solution in
Formatted
water. ...
Formatted ...
Source: Formatted ...
Pubchem: Open Chemistry Database Formatted ...
https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/for
maldehyde Formatted ...
4. How dilute is dilute? One to negative three The wastewater contains very dilute organics; Formatted ...
moles per liter. Formaldehyde 1.7 to -3 moles thus, it can be assumed to be an ideal solution. Formatted ...
per liter. And organics are in that range. So,
Formatted
organics is not that concentrated. ...

5. Check if Mabuhay vinyl has that concentration The concentration is 48%-50%, which is similar Formatted ...
of NaOH. 19M. Industrial grade sodium to what is used as neutralizing base in pH Formatted ...
hydroxide. Use local. adjustments. Formatted ...
6. Use equivalents instead of concentration. Please see calculation sheets for the calculation
Formatted
using equivalents instead of calculation. ...

7. What is this M term? What was meant of M, previously, was the molar Formatted ...
flowrate. It should have been 𝑀̇. Formatted ...
8. Is Boron not precipitated in the neutralization In the neutralization step, aqueous sodium Formatted ...
step? hydroxide solution Is added. Boron does not
Formatted
Do not leave anything here unturned. react with sodium hydroxide solutions, but with ...

the pure, molten compound. It reacts with fused Formatted ...


sodium hydroxide to form sodium borate and Formatted ...
hydrogen. Formatted ...
2𝐵 + 6 𝑁𝑎𝑂𝐻 → 2𝑁𝑎3 𝐵𝑂3 + 3𝐻2 ↑
Field Code Changed ...
Source: Chemistry Stack Exchange, Formatted ...
https://chemistry.stackexchange.com/questions/ Formatted ...
67434/p-block-elements-boron-family
Formatted ...
9. What is NH4+ -N? The concentration is for the N content.
This is protonated ammonia…. Formatted Table ...
10. I have reservations with your COD. It is stated in the assumptions in the calculation Formatted ...
Same as oil and grease that you have it sheet that: for the calculation of chemical oxygen Formatted ...
separated. I am not sure. demand (COD), oil and grease is not included in
Formatted
Just state in words your assumption that it is the calculation for COD. ...

what is done. I want to see this in your draft. Formatted ...


State the assumption where oil and grease Formatted ...
COD is separate from the soluble COD. Formatted ...
11. For the tin, is the concentration the same all It is assumed that the concentration of tin
Formatted
throughout? remains until the step for adsorption ...
12. How did you calculate for this 0.50 kg There is supposedly no additional sodium Formatted ...
NaOH/day? hydroxide kay only tin ang ma removed. Formatted ...
Solve it in terms of equivalence. Formatted ...
13. pH adjustment 4 is now pH adjustment 2. Blocks have been saved. In the previous
Formatted
Fluoride removal and a part is pH removal. To manuscript, there have been 7 pH adjustment ...
save a block. tanks. Now, only the last pH adjustment is given Formatted ...
its own separate tank. Please see process block Formatted ...
flow diagram for the change.
Formatted ...
Formatted ...

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University of San Carlos – Department of Chemical Engineering
CHE 524N13NL FORM-2B-Response to Reviewers Comments

14. Put the page number to where the response Noted: The page number is placed in the Formatted: Not Highlight
can be seen in the reviewer’s comments and response sheet.
response sheet.
15. Make an assumption for the dissolved oxygen Dissolved oxygen (DO) is the concentration of Formatted: Not Highlight
(DO) content. oxygen dissolved in wastewater. It is dependent Formatted: Font color: Text 1, Not Highlight
on temperature, salinity, and atmospheric
Formatted: Font color: Text 1, Not Highlight
pressure.
Formatted: Font color: Red, Highlight
Source:
http://extension.uga.edu/publications/detail.html
?number=C992
16. Are you certain of the selectivity of bentonite? As for bentonite on its adsorptivity to tin, it is Formatted: Not Highlight
Won’t it affect tin (Sn)? assumed that tin is not adsorbed by bentonite. Formatted: Not Highlight
Literature data for the adsorption of tin to
bentonite was not found. Please see calculation
sheet assumptions.

Oxidized metallic substances are what bentonite


clay can take in.

Source:
https://www.quora.com/If-bentonite-clay- Formatted: Underline
absorbs-metal-why-doesnt-a-metal-mixing-
spoon-dissolve Formatted: Underline
17. Consider selling the treated water. Treated water is sold as reuse water. The selling Formatted: Not Highlight
price of the reuse water is Php 38.71/ cu.m for
Formatted: Font color: Text 1
landscape irrigation (e.g. golf courses, vehicle
washing, toilet washing). Formatted: Font color: Text 1
Source:
Water Reuse by Metcalf and Eddy, 2007 Formatted: Not Highlight
18. Make the diagrams bigger. We apologize for the fine print in the previous Formatted: Not Highlight
submission. The Process Block Flow Diagram is
now printed on A3.
19. Recycle alum and remove alum adsorption. Alum is the compound used for the BF4- Formatted: Not Highlight
decomposition reactor. However, alum is not Formatted: Indent: First line: 0"
recycled. Additional treatment steps should be
added to the sludge containing alum combined
with other precipitated substances. Formatted: Not Highlight
20. Remove some of the pH tanks such that there Similar to comment 14. pH adjustment tanks Formatted: Not Highlight
is less additional tanks. Combine pH adjustment have now been removed, and addition of
Formatted: Indent: First line: 0"
tanks in the process flow diagram with some the neutralizing acid or base is now within a system
processes. step. Indeed, the number of tanks for pH
adjustment has reduced to just one instead of
seven.
21. Submit final version of rearranged diagram. Please see the final version of the rearranged Formatted: Not Highlight
diagram in the printed A3 block flow diagram. Formatted: Indent: First line: 0"
22. Should the recycle of aluminum sludge be The aluminum sludge is not recycled, since the
Formatted: Not Highlight
considered or disregarded? scheme would require further treatment of
sludge to concentrate aluminum content. Formatted: Indent: First line: 0"

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University of San Carlos – Department of Chemical Engineering
CHE 524N13NL FORM-2B-Response to Reviewers Comments

23. Investigate whether the addition of alum By coagulation-flocculation processes, the alum Formatted: Not Highlight
would result to a precipitation of lead. or aluminum sulfate may react with lead; thus Formatted: Indent: First line: 0"
lead is removed. According to a study by
Formatted Table
Wasewar, Kumar, Teng, and Pang, the pH
where Pb(II) removal is maximum is at 6.2 – 7.8.
Whereas in the BF4- decomposition reactor, the Formatted: Subscript
working pH is 3.5.

Source:
Removal of lead, zinc, and iron by coagulation-
flocculation by Pang, Kumar, Teng, and
Wasewar, 2011
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/24112 Formatted: Underline
2528_Removal_of_lead_zinc_and_iron_by_coa
gulation-flocculation

Furthermore, it is assumed that the reaction of


lead with alum is negligible, and lead
concentration remains 20.0 after the BF4- Formatted: Subscript
decomposition reactor. Formatted: Not Highlight

Formatted: Font: Not Italic

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